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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Aerospace designers John Thorp and Karl Bergey challenge the perceived advantages of tapered wings, arguing that their structural and aerodynamic benefits are often overstated or negated for light aircraft.
  • They contend that tapered wings are prone to dangerous tip stalls due to Reynolds Number effects, often requiring drag-increasing modifications that cancel out any performance gains.
  • Rectangular wings, by contrast, naturally stall safely from the root and can achieve an efficient, nearly elliptical lift distribution with simple washout, providing forgiving flight characteristics and manufacturing simplicity.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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