Andrew Ng ---- Optional Lab: Multiple Variable Linear Regression

最新推荐文章于 2026-06-30 19:39:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2026-06-30 19:39:39 发布 · 486 阅读

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#线性回归 #python #numpy #算法 #回归

本文介绍了如何扩展回归模型以支持多个特征，包括更新数据结构，重写预测、成本和梯度下降算法，利用NumPy进行向量化实现以提高速度和简洁性。在住房价格预测的问题中，构建了一个线性回归模型，并展示了如何进行单个预测以及计算多变量的损失函数和梯度。最后，通过批量梯度下降法进行参数更新和优化。

1.1 Goals¶

Extend our regression model routines to support multiple features
- Extend data structures to support multiple features
- Rewrite prediction, cost and gradient routines to support multiple features
- Utilize NumPy np.dot to vectorize their implementations for speed and simplicity

1.2 Tools¶

In this lab, we will make use of:

NumPy, a popular library for scientific computing
Matplotlib, a popular library for plotting data

import copy, math
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('./deeplearning.mplstyle')
np.set_printoptions(precision=2)  # reduced display precision on numpy arrays

1.3 Notation¶

Here is a summary of some of the notation you will encounter, updated for multiple features.

General Notation	Description	Python (if applicable)
a	scalar, non bold
a	vector, bold
A	matrix, bold capital
Regression
X	training example maxtrix	`X_train`
y	training example targets	`y_train`
x(i), y(i)	ithTraining Example	`X[i]`, `y[i]`
m	number of training examples	`m`
n	number of features in each example	`n`
w	parameter: weight,	`w`
b	parameter: bias	`b`
fw,b(x(i))	The result of the model evaluation at x(i) parameterized by w,b: fw,b(x(i))=w⋅x(i)+b	`f_wb`

2 Problem Statement¶

You will use the motivating example of housing price prediction. The training dataset contains three examples with four features (size, bedrooms, floors and, age) shown in the table below. Note that, unlike the earlier labs, size is in sqft rather than 1000 sqft. This causes an issue, which you will solve in the next lab!

Size (sqft)	Number of Bedrooms	Number of floors	Age of Home	Price (1000s dollars)
2104	5	1	45	460
1416	3	2	40	232
852	2	1	35	178

You will build a linear regression model using these values so you can then predict the price for other houses. For example, a house with 1200 sqft, 3 bedrooms, 1 floor, 40 years old.

Please run the following code cell to create your X_train and y_train variables.