Selenium 网页测试工具和perl脚本结合，我自己记录的学习过程

很有意思的一点是那个 “Selenium Remote Contrtol ” 自己是像 一个http代理服务器一样的在机器上运行的，所以他可以模拟一个假的网页出来，由他启动的浏览器 地址栏显示的是www.google.com，但其实显示的经过他自己处理之后的东西了，不是google的网页来的。详细见http://selenium-rc.openqa.org/tutorial.html

(1) download Selenium IDE,a Firefox addon
=======================
    http://release.openqa.org/selenium-ide/1.0-beta-2/selenium-ide-1.0-beta-2.xpi
  
     After download this file, click "open file" menu in firefox, firefox will inform you to
install this plugin. When installation is complete , you can find a "Selenium IDE" item in
"tool" menu . click it will run the Selenium IDE.

see more details on http://wiki.openqa.org/display/SIDE/Home .

(2)use Selenium IDE to record a testcase.   open webpage "http://www.google.com/" ,
=======================
click "start record" buttion in Selenium IDE, manually did some operations in the browser,then click "stop record " button in Selenium IDE. clicke "save testcase" menu to save the testcase
into a html file. click "file" -> "export testcase as "-> "Perl Selenium RC" , save the testcase into a
file testcase1.pl .

(3)Download Selenium Remote Control
=====================
http://archiva.openqa.org/repository/releases/org/openqa/selenium/selenium-remote-control/1.0-beta-1/selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-1-dist.zip

extract it into directory "selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-1".

cd to "selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-1\selenium-server-1.0-beta-1"

now let's start the selenium server, see instructions on http://selenium-rc.openqa.org/tutorial.html.

-----------------------------------
1. requires the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.5.0 or higher
----------
C:\Documents and Settings\widebright>java -version
java version "1.6.0_05"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_05-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 10.0-b19, mixed mode, sharing)
-------------------------------------------------
2. start server in "interactive mode" . options descriptiosn can be found here http://selenium-rc.openqa.org/options.html.
use command "java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive"
------
D:\selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-1\selenium-server-1.0-beta-1>java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive
15:16:47.533 INFO - Java: Sun Microsystems Inc. 10.0-b19
15:16:47.549 INFO - OS: Windows XP 5.1 x86
15:16:47.565 INFO - v1.0-beta-1 [2201], with Core v1.0-beta-1 [1994]
15:16:48.252 INFO - Version Jetty/5.1.x
15:16:48.283 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server/driver,/selenium-server
/driver]
15:16:48.299 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server,/selenium-server]
15:16:48.299 INFO - Started HttpContext[/,/]
15:16:48.471 INFO - Started SocketListener on 0.0.0.0:4444
15:16:48.471 INFO - Started org.mortbay.jetty.Server@665753
Entering interactive mode... type Selenium commands here (e.g: cmd=open&1=http:/
/www.yahoo.com)
-------
try typing this, "cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com"    
cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com
15:21:48.797 INFO - ---> Requesting http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver
?cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com
15:21:48.813 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox, http://www.g
oogle.com] on session null
15:21:48.813 INFO - creating new remote session
15:21:48.813 INFO - Allocated session 405923c6bbb94c95acc49fc78975ba2d for http:
//www.google.com, launching...
15:21:48.922 INFO - Preparing Firefox profile...
15:22:12.031 WARN - GET /selenium-server/driver/?cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*fir
efox&2=http://www.google.com HTTP/1.1
java.lang.RuntimeException: Firefox refused shutdown while preparing a profile
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxCustomProfileLaunc
her.waitForFullProfileToBeCreated(FirefoxCustomProfileLauncher.java:277)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxCustomProfileLaunc
her.launch(FirefoxCustomProfileLauncher.java:147)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.AbstractBrowserLauncher.l
aunchRemoteSession(AbstractBrowserLauncher.java:24)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory.createNewRemoteSessi
on(BrowserSessionFactory.java:312)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory.getNewBrowserSession
(BrowserSessionFactory.java:113)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory.getNewBrowserSession
(BrowserSessionFactory.java:78)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.getNewBrowse
rSession(SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.java:653)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.doCommand(Se
leniumDriverResourceHandler.java:410)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.handleComman
dRequest(SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.java:388)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler.handle(Selen
iumDriverResourceHandler.java:135)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpContext.handle(HttpContext.java:1530)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpContext.handle(HttpContext.java:1482)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpServer.service(HttpServer.java:909)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpConnection.service(HttpConnection.java:816)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpConnection.handleNext(HttpConnection.java:982)
        at org.mortbay.http.HttpConnection.handle(HttpConnection.java:833)
        at org.mortbay.http.SocketListener.handleConnection(SocketListener.java:
244)
        at org.mortbay.util.ThreadedServer.handle(ThreadedServer.java:357)
        at org.mortbay.util.ThreadPool$PoolThread.run(ThreadPool.java:534)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxCustomProfileLaunc
her$FileLockRemainedException: Lock file still present! C:\DOCUME~1\WIDEBR~1\LOC
ALS~1\Temp\customProfileDir405923c6bbb94c95acc49fc78975ba2d\parent.lock
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxCustomProfileLaunc
her.waitForFileLockToGoAway(FirefoxCustomProfileLauncher.java:235)
        at org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxCustomProfileLaunc
her.waitForFullProfileToBeCreated(FirefoxCustomProfileLauncher.java:275)
        ... 18 more
Server returned HTTP response code: 500 for URL: http://localhost:4444/selenium-
server/driver/?cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com

-------------
cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*iexplore&2=http://www.google.com
15:26:04.811 INFO - ---> Requesting http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver
?cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*iexplore&2=http://www.google.com
15:26:04.827 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*iexplore, http://www.
google.com] on session null
15:26:04.827 INFO - creating new remote session
15:26:05.389 INFO - Allocated session 0e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa for http:
//www.google.com, launching...
15:26:05.389 INFO - Backing up registry settings...
15:26:06.905 INFO - Modifying registry settings...
15:26:08.311 INFO - Launching Internet Explorer...
15:26:11.467 INFO - Got result: OK,0e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa on session 0
e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa
-------------------------------------------------------------
cmd=testComplete&sessionId=0e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa
15:36:30.995 INFO - ---> Requesting http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver
?cmd=testComplete&sessionId=0e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa
15:36:30.995 INFO - Command request: testComplete[, ] on session 0e2ffcbf1fe0471
c9e43fe3e73052aaa
15:36:31.010 INFO - Restoring registry settings (won't affect running browsers).
..
15:36:32.635 INFO - Got result: OK on session 0e2ffcbf1fe0471c9e43fe3e73052aaa
-----------------------------------------------------------

##########################
It looks like it dosen't work with my firefox3.
After searching in Selenium wiki(http://wiki.openqa.org/display/SRC/Home),
the "Firefox refused shutdown while preparing a profile" problem is a frequently asked question.
It seems to be a bug of this verison. So I download the "latest nightly build" one
( http://release.openqa.org/cgi-bin/selenium-remote-control-redirect.zip),
and try again, it worked this time.

########################

selenium-remote-control-1.0-SNAPSHOT\s
elenium-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT>java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive
16:59:54.201 INFO - Java: Sun Microsystems Inc. 10.0-b19
16:59:54.201 INFO - OS: Windows XP 5.1 x86
16:59:54.217 INFO - v1.0-SNAPSHOT [1123], with Core v1.0-SNAPSHOT [2182]
16:59:54.389 INFO - Version Jetty/5.1.x
16:59:54.389 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server/driver,/selenium-server
/driver]
16:59:54.404 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server,/selenium-server]
16:59:54.404 INFO - Started HttpContext[/,/]
16:59:54.436 INFO - Started SocketListener on 0.0.0.0:4444
16:59:54.436 INFO - Started org.mortbay.jetty.Server@c40c80
Entering interactive mode... type Selenium commands here (e.g: cmd=open&1=http:/
/www.yahoo.com)
cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com
17:00:07.092 INFO - ---> Requesting http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver
?cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com
17:00:07.248 INFO - Checking Resource aliases
17:00:07.248 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox, http://www.g
oogle.com] on session null
17:00:07.248 INFO - creating new remote session
17:00:07.670 INFO - Allocated session e1fe00f7a7a441809ab126af638abc04 for http:
//www.google.com, launching...
17:00:07.826 INFO - Preparing Firefox profile...
17:00:13.420 INFO - Launching Firefox...
17:00:22.842 INFO - Got result: OK,e1fe00f7a7a441809ab126af638abc04 on session e
1fe00f7a7a441809ab126af638abc04

4) Try the exported perl script .
============================
On my computer ,there are two modules are required which were not supplied in the Selenium package.
it is "Test::Exception.pm " and "Sub::Uplevel.pm".
we can download it from http://search.cpan.org/, place them in the "perl lib" directory which other Selenium perl libs in.
--------------------
Added this into “testcase.pl” , so it can find our lib.

use FindBin qw($Bin);
use lib "$Bin/selenium-remote-control-1.0-SNAPSHOT/selenium-perl-client-driver-1.0-SNAPSHOT/lib";
-----------------------------
Now the script becomes:
use strict;
use warnings;

use FindBin qw($Bin);

use lib "$Bin/selenium-remote-control-1.0-SNAPSHOT/selenium-perl-client-driver-1.0-SNAPSHOT/lib";

use Time::HiRes qw(sleep);
use Test::WWW::Selenium;
use Test::More "no_plan";
use Test::Exception;

my $sel = Test::WWW::Selenium->new( host => "localhost",
                                    port => 4444,
                                    browser => "*chrome",
                                    browser_url => "http://www.google.cn/" );

$sel->open_ok("/");
$sel->type_ok("q", "widebright");
$sel->click_ok("btnG");
$sel->wait_for_page_to_load_ok("30000");
$sel->is_text_present_ok("widebright个人空间");
$sel->click_ok("link=widebright的个人空间?);

--------------------------------------------
run this perl script ,
D:\Selenium>perl testcase1.pl

正常的话，可以看到脚本正常运行，同时firefox浏览器会被启动在进行交互操作。
-----------------------

5) more

*Selenium Core (http://selenium-core.openqa.org/)

   Selenium Core is a test tool for web applications. Selenium Core tests run directly in a browser, just as real users do. And they run in Internet Explorer, Mozilla and Firefox on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh. No other test tool covers such a wide array of platforms.

*Selenium Grid (http://selenium-grid.openqa.org/)
Selenium Grid is a tool that dramatically speeds up functional testing of web-apps by leveraging your existing computing infrastructure. It allows you to easily run multiple tests in parallel, on multiple machines, in an heterogeneous enviroment.