音视频开发32 FFmpeg 编码- 视频编码 h264 参数相关

1. ffmpeg -h 这个命令总不会忘记，用这个先将ffmpeg所有的help信息都list出来

C:\Users\Administrator>ffmpeg -h
ffmpeg version 6.0-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-shared --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-d3d11va --enable-dxva2 --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      58.  2.100 / 58.  2.100
  libavcodec     60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
  libavformat    60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
  libavdevice    60.  1.100 / 60.  1.100
  libavfilter     9.  3.100 /  9.  3.100
  libswscale      7.  1.100 /  7.  1.100
  libswresample   4. 10.100 /  4. 10.100
  libpostproc    57.  1.100 / 57.  1.100
Hyper fast Audio and Video encoder
usage: ffmpeg [options] [[infile options] -i infile]... {[outfile options] outfile}...

Getting help:
    -h      -- print basic options
    -h long -- print more options
    -h full -- print all options (including all format and codec specific options, very long)
    -h type=name -- print all options for the named decoder/encoder/demuxer/muxer/filter/bsf/protocol
    See man ffmpeg for detailed description of the options.

Print help / information / capabilities:
-L                  show license
-h topic            show help
-? topic            show help
-help topic         show help
--help topic        show help
-version            show version
-buildconf          show build configuration
-formats            show available formats
-muxers             show available muxers
-demuxers           show available demuxers
-devices            show available devices
-codecs             show available codecs
-decoders           show available decoders
-encoders           show available encoders
-bsfs               show available bit stream filters
-protocols          show available protocols
-filters            show available filters
-pix_fmts           show available pixel formats
-layouts            show standard channel layouts
-sample_fmts        show available audio sample formats
-dispositions       show available stream dispositions
-colors             show available color names
-sources device     list sources of the input device
-sinks device       list sinks of the output device
-hwaccels           show available HW acceleration methods

Global options (affect whole program instead of just one file):
-loglevel loglevel  set logging level
-v loglevel         set logging level
-report             generate a report
-max_alloc bytes    set maximum size of a single allocated block
-y                  overwrite output files
-n                  never overwrite output files
-ignore_unknown     Ignore unknown stream types
-filter_threads     number of non-complex filter threads
-filter_complex_threads  number of threads for -filter_complex
-stats              print progress report during encoding
-max_error_rate maximum error rate  ratio of decoding errors (0.0: no errors, 1.0: 100% errors) above which ffmpeg returns an error instead of success.

Per-file main options:
-f fmt              force format
-c codec            codec name
-codec codec        codec name
-pre preset         preset name
-map_metadata outfile[,metadata]:infile[,metadata]  set metadata information of outfile from infile
-t duration         record or transcode "duration" seconds of audio/video
-to time_stop       record or transcode stop time
-fs limit_size      set the limit file size in bytes
-ss time_off        set the start time offset
-sseof time_off     set the start time offset relative to EOF
-seek_timestamp     enable/disable seeking by timestamp with -ss
-timestamp time     set the recording timestamp ('now' to set the current time)
-metadata string=string  add metadata
-program title=string:st=number...  add program with specified streams
-target type        specify target file type ("vcd", "svcd", "dvd", "dv" or "dv50" with optional prefixes "pal-", "ntsc-" or "film-")
-apad               audio pad
-frames number      set the number of frames to output
-filter filter_graph  set stream filtergraph
-filter_script filename  read stream filtergraph description from a file
-reinit_filter      reinit filtergraph on input parameter changes
-discard            discard
-disposition        disposition

Video options:
-vframes number     set the number of video frames to output
-r rate             set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation)
-fpsmax rate        set max frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation)
-s size             set frame size (WxH or abbreviation)
-aspect aspect      set aspect ratio (4:3, 16:9 or 1.3333, 1.7777)
-display_rotation angle  set pure counter-clockwise rotation in degrees for stream(s)
-display_hflip      set display horizontal flip for stream(s) (overrides any display rotation if it is not set)
-display_vflip      set display vertical flip for stream(s) (overrides any display rotation if it is not set)
-vn                 disable video
-vcodec codec       force video codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-timecode hh:mm:ss[:;.]ff  set initial TimeCode value.
-pass n             select the pass number (1 to 3)
-vf filter_graph    set video filters
-b bitrate          video bitrate (please use -b:v)
-dn                 disable data

Audio options:
-aframes number     set the number of audio frames to output
-aq quality         set audio quality (codec-specific)
-ar rate            set audio sampling rate (in Hz)
-ac channels        set number of audio channels
-an                 disable audio
-acodec codec       force audio codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-ab bitrate         audio bitrate (please use -b:a)
-af filter_graph    set audio filters

Subtitle options:
-s size             set frame size (WxH or abbreviation)
-sn                 disable subtitle
-scodec codec       force subtitle codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-stag fourcc/tag    force subtitle tag/fourcc
-fix_sub_duration   fix subtitles duration
-canvas_size size   set canvas size (WxH or abbreviation)
-spre preset        set the subtitle options to the indicated preset

2. 查看x264的编码器的详情  ffmpeg -codecs | findstr x264

 DEV.LS h264                 H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10 
(decoders: h264 h264_qsv h264_cuvid ) 
(encoders: libx264 libx264rgb h264_amf h264_mf h264_nvenc h264_qsv )

我们可以看到encoders 默认的第一个就是 libx264

3. 再查看 libx264具体的的帮忙文档 ffmpeg -h encoder=libx264

Encoder libx264 [libx264 H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10]:
    General capabilities: dr1 delay threads
    Threading capabilities: other
    Supported pixel formats: yuv420p yuvj420p yuv422p yuvj422p yuv444p yuvj444p nv12 nv16 nv21 yuv420p10le yuv422p10le yuv444p10le nv20le gray gray10le
libx264 AVOptions:
  -preset            <string>     E..V....... Set the encoding preset (cf. x264 --fullhelp) (default "medium")
  -tune              <string>     E..V....... Tune the encoding params (cf. x264 --fullhelp)
  -profile           <string>     E..V....... Set profile restrictions (cf. x264 --fullhelp)
  -fastfirstpass     <boolean>    E..V....... Use fast settings when encoding first pass (default true)
  -level             <string>     E..V....... Specify level (as defined by Annex A)
  -passlogfile       <string>     E..V....... Filename for 2 pass stats
  -wpredp            <string>     E..V....... Weighted prediction for P-frames
  -a53cc             <boolean>    E..V....... Use A53 Closed Captions (if available) (default true)
  -x264opts          <string>     E..V....... x264 options
  -crf               <float>      E..V....... Select the quality for constant quality mode (from -1 to FLT_MAX) (default -1)
  -crf_max           <float>      E..V....... In CRF mode, prevents VBV from lowering quality beyond this point. (from -1 to FLT_MAX) (default -1)
  -qp                <int>        E..V....... Constant quantization parameter rate control method (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
  -aq-mode           <int>        E..V....... AQ method (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
     none            0            E..V.......
     variance        1            E..V....... Variance AQ (complexity mask)
     autovariance    2            E..V....... Auto-variance AQ
     autovariance-biased 3            E..V....... Auto-variance AQ with bias to dark scenes
  -aq-strength       <float>      E..V....... AQ strength. Reduces blocking and blurring in flat and textured areas. (from -1 to FLT_MAX) (default -1)
  -psy               <boolean>    E..V....... Use psychovisual optimizations. (default auto)
  -psy-rd            <string>     E..V....... Strength of psychovisual optimization, in <psy-rd>:<psy-trellis> format.
  -rc-lookahead      <int>        E..V....... Number of frames to look ahead for frametype and ratecontrol (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
  -weightb           <boolean>    E..V....... Weighted prediction for B-frames. (default auto)
  -weightp           <int>        E..V....... Weighted prediction analysis method. (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
     none            0            E..V.......
     simple          1            E..V.......
     smart           2            E..V.......
  -ssim              <boolean>    E..V....... Calculate and print SSIM stats. (default auto)
  -intra-refresh     <boolean>    E..V....... Use Periodic Intra Refresh instead of IDR frames. (default auto)
  -bluray-compat     <boolean>    E..V....... Bluray compatibility workarounds. (default auto)
  -b-bias            <int>        E..V....... Influences how often B-frames are used (from INT_MIN to INT_MAX) (default INT_MIN)
  -b-pyramid         <int>        E..V....... Keep some B-frames as references. (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
     none            0            E..V.......
     strict          1            E..V....... Strictly hierarchical pyramid
     normal          2            E..V....... Non-strict (not Blu-ray compatible)
  -mixed-refs        <boolean>    E..V....... One reference per partition, as opposed to one reference per macroblock (default auto)
  -8x8dct            <boolean>    E..V....... High profile 8x8 transform. (default auto)
  -fast-pskip        <boolean>    E..V....... (default auto)
  -aud               <boolean>    E..V....... Use access unit delimiters. (default auto)
  -mbtree            <boolean>    E..V....... Use macroblock tree ratecontrol. (default auto)
  -deblock           <string>     E..V....... Loop filter parameters, in <alpha:beta> form.
  -cplxblur          <float>      E..V....... Reduce fluctuations in QP (before curve compression) (from -1 to FLT_MAX) (default -1)
  -partitions        <string>     E..V....... A comma-separated list of partitions to consider. Possible values: p8x8, p4x4, b8x8, i8x8, i4x4, none, all
  -direct-pred       <int>        E..V....... Direct MV prediction mode (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
     none            0            E..V.......
     spatial         1            E..V.......
     temporal        2            E..V.......
     auto            3            E..V.......
  -slice-max-size    <int>        E..V....... Limit the size of each slice in bytes (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
  -stats             <string>     E..V....... Filename for 2 pass stats
  -nal-hrd           <int>        E..V....... Signal HRD information (requires vbv-bufsize; cbr not allowed in .mp4) (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
     none            0            E..V.......
     vbr             1            E..V.......
     cbr             2            E..V.......
  -avcintra-class    <int>        E..V....... AVC-Intra class 50/100/200/300/480 (from -1 to 480) (default -1)
  -me_method         <int>        E..V....... Set motion estimation method (from -1 to 4) (default -1)
     dia             0            E..V.......
     hex             1            E..V.......
     umh             2            E..V.......
     esa             3            E..V.......
     tesa