Java Mail小工具 - MailUtils

使用Java mail发送电子邮件，我们需要导入两个依赖jar包：

mail.jar

activation.jar

下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/itsonglin/8632453

1. 电子邮件的组成

一封电子邮件可以包含以下几个部分：

*  发件人

*  收件人

*  主题

*  正文

*  附件

其中，在设置收件人时，可以同时设置对该收件的邮件接收方式，常见的邮件接收方式有：

发送 （TO），最常用的接受方式。

抄送（CC），A发送给B，同时抄送给C，那么B在接收到邮件的时候，可看到C在抄送人列表中；C也可以看到收件人是B，自己在抄送人列表中。

暗送（密送）（BCC）A发送给B，暗送给C，那么B在接收到邮件的时候，并不知道这封邮件也发送给了C，因为C是暗送的。C在接收到邮件的时候，可以看到B是收件人，而自己又不在抄送人列表中，可以断定这封邮件是暗送给自己的，而真正的接收者B对此浑然不知，对于一些邮件服务器，如QQ邮箱，则会提示这封邮件是密送给自己的。

2. 使用Java发送邮件的基本步骤

使用Java 发送邮件需要以下几个步骤：

1. 得到Session

Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com"); // 设置邮件服务器
prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证身份
				
Authenticator auth = new Authenticator()
{
	@Override
	protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
	{
		return new PasswordAuthentication("XXX", "password");
	}
};
Session session = Session.getInstance(prop, auth);

MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
InternetAddress fromAddress = new InternetAddress("XXX@163.com"); // 发件人
InternetAddress receiverAddress = new InternetAddress("YYY@163.com");
msg.setFrom(fromAddress); // 设置发件人
//msg.setSender(senderAddress);
msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, receiverAddress); // 设置接收人
			
msg.setSubject("这是一封测试邮件。");
msg.setContent("这就是一封垃圾文件。", "text/html;charset=utf-8");

Transport.send(msg);

可以把发送邮件的基本步骤封装到一个工具类中：

工具下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/itsonglin/8632557

package com.song.mail;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;

public class Mail
{
	private String from; // 发件人地址
	private String password; // 发件人密码
	// 收件人，以及收件人接收方式的映射
	private Map<String, RecipientType> recipientsMap = new HashMap<String, RecipientType>();
	private String subject; // 邮件主题
	private List<File> attachments = new ArrayList<File>(); // 附件列表
	private String body; // 邮件正文
	private RecipientType type = RecipientType.TO; // 默认的邮件接收类型
	
	public Mail() {}
	
	/**
	 * Construct a Mail using the specified email address and password.
	 * @param from the sender's address eg. hello@163.com
	 * @param password the password.
	 */
	public Mail(String from, String password)	
	{	
		this.from = from;
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Construct a Mail.
	 * @param from the sender's address eg. hello@163.com
	 * @param password  the password.
	 * @param recipients an array of recipients.
	 * @param type the {@link RecipientType}
	 * @param subject the subject.
	 * @param body the body.
	 * @param attachments a list of attachments.
	 */
	public Mail(String from, String password, String[] recipients, RecipientType type, String subject, String body, File...attachments)
	{
		this(from, password);
		
		// 添加接收者，及其接收方式
		for (String recipient : recipients)
		{
			if (!this.recipientsMap.containsKey(recipient))
			{
				this.recipientsMap.put(recipient, type);
			}
		}
		
		this.subject = subject;
		this.body = body;

		for (File file : attachments)
		{
			this.attachments.add(file);
		}
	}

	
	/**
	 * Send the email.
	 * @throws IOException 
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public void send() throws MessagingException, IOException
	{	
		File[] files = new File[attachments.size()];
		this.attachments.toArray(files);
		
		send(from, password, recipientsMap, subject, body, files);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Send the email to specified recipients and recipient type, such as TO, CC, BCC.
	 * @param recipients the recipients
	 * @param type the type
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public void sendTo(String[] recipients, RecipientType type) throws MessagingException, IOException
	{		
		Map<String, RecipientType> recipientsMap = new HashMap<String, RecipientType>();
		// 添加接收者，及其接收方式
		for (String recipient : recipients)
		{
			if (!this.recipientsMap.containsKey(recipient))
			{
				recipientsMap.put(recipient, type);
			}
		}
		
		File[] files = new File[attachments.size()];
		this.attachments.toArray(files);
		send(this.from, this.password, this.recipientsMap, this.subject, this.body, files);
	}
		
	/**
	 * Send an email.
	 * @param from the sedner' s email address.
	 * @param password the password.
	 * @param recipientsMap a map of the recipients and type.
	 * @param subject the subject of the email.
	 * @param body the body of the email.
	 * @param attachments one or more attachments can be attached to the email.
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public void send(String from, String password, Map<String, RecipientType> recipientsMap, 
			String subject, String body, File...attachments) 
					throws MessagingException, IOException
	{	
		if (from == null || password == null)
			throw new MessagingException("From address and password can not be null.");
		
		Session session = getSession(from, password);
		MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
		MimeMultipart contentList = new MimeMultipart(); // 邮件内容，包括正文和附件
		MimeBodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); // 邮件正文
		contentList.addBodyPart(bodyPart);
		msg.setContent(contentList);
		
		
		// 设置此次发送的发件人 
		InternetAddress fromAddr = new InternetAddress(from);
		msg.setFrom(fromAddr); // 设置发件人
		
		if (recipientsMap == null || recipientsMap.keySet().size() <= 0)
			throw new MessagingException("Provide at least one recipient");
		
		if (body == null)
			body = "";
		
		if (subject == null)
			subject = "";
		
		// 设置邮件接收者
		setRecipients(msg, recipientsMap); 
		
		// 设置邮件主题
		msg.setSubject(subject);
		
		// 设置邮件正文
		bodyPart.setContent(body, "text/html;charset=utf-8");
		
		// 添加附件
		if (attachments != null)
		{
			for (File file : attachments)
			{
				addAttachment(contentList, file);
			}
		}
		
		// 发送
		Transport.send(msg);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Set the sender' s email address.
	 * @param from the address. eg. hello@163.com
	 * @param password the password.
	 */
	public void setFrom(String from, String password)
	{
		this.from = from;
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 为msg设置接收人
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	private void setRecipients(MimeMessage msg, Map<String, RecipientType> recipientsMap) throws MessagingException
	{
		RecipientType type = null;
		for (String recipient : recipientsMap.keySet())
		{
			type = recipientsMap.get(recipient);
			msg.addRecipients(type, recipient);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Add a recipient.	 
	 * @param address the recipient' s email address.
	 * @param type the RecipientType
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public void addRecipient(String address, RecipientType type)
	{
		if (!this.recipientsMap.containsKey(address))
		{
			this.recipientsMap.put(address, type);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 *  Add a recipient using the default RecipientType<br/>
	 * @param address the recipient' s email address.
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public void addRecipient(String address)
	{
		if (!this.recipientsMap.containsKey(address))
		{
			this.recipientsMap.put(address, this.type);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the Session using specified email address and password.
	 * @param from the sender' s email address
	 * @param password the password
	 * @return the Session.
	 */
	private Session getSession(final String from, final String password)
	{
		Properties props = new Properties();
		final int index = from.indexOf("@");
		String host = from.substring(index + 1);
		props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp." + host); // 设置邮件服务器
		props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证身份
		
		Authenticator auth = new Authenticator()
		{
			@Override
			protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
			{
				return new PasswordAuthentication(from.substring(0, index), password);
			}
		};
		
		return Session.getInstance(props, auth);
	}
	
	/**
	 *  Set the body of the email.
	 * @param body the mail body.
	 */
	public void setMailBody(String body) 
	{
		this.body = body;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Set the subject of the mail.
	 * @param subject the subject.
	 */
	public void setSubject(String subject)
	{
		this.subject = subject;
	}
	
	/**
	 * add attachments.
	 * @param contentList
	 * @param file
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	private void addAttachment(MimeMultipart contentList, File file) throws IOException, MessagingException
	{
		MimeBodyPart attachment = new MimeBodyPart();
		attachment.attachFile(file);
		attachment.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(file.getName())); // 设置显示的文件名
		
		contentList.addBodyPart(attachment);
	}
	
	/**
	 *  Add a attachment.
	 * @param file the file to be attached.
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	public void addAttachment(File file) throws IOException, MessagingException
	{
		this.attachments.add(file);
	}
}

package com.song.demo;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;

import com.song.mail.Mail;

public class Test
{
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException, IOException
	{
		String from = "sender@163.com";
		String password = "sender";

		String[] to = {"receiver1@163.com"};
		
		String subject = "Test MailUtils";
		String body = "";
		File file1 = new File("N:/1.txt");
		
		
		Mail mail = new Mail(from,password, to, RecipientType.TO, subject, body);
		mail.setMailBody("你好，我是正文"); // 设置正文
		mail.addRecipient("receiver2@163.com", RecipientType.CC);// 抄送
		mail.addRecipient("receiver3@qq.com", RecipientType.BCC);// 密送
		mail.addAttachment(file1); // 添加附件
	
		mail.send();
		System.out.println("邮件发送成功。");
	}
}