Spring AI 企业级实战｜智能记忆摘要+自动遗忘机制落地，彻底解决上下文爆炸与Token冗余

xml
<!-- Spring AI JDBC 对话持久化核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-chat-memory-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>

<!-- MySQL数据库驱动 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- 定时任务框架（过期记忆自动清理必备） -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>

yaml
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/spring_ai_memory?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: 你的数据库密码
  ai:
    chat:
      memory:
        jdbc:
          # 项目启动自动初始化记忆数据表
          initialize-schema: true
          # 自定义数据表前缀，区分业务表
          table-prefix: ai_chat_
          # 会话记忆TTL：登录用户7天有效期，超时自动标记失效
          time-to-live: 7d

java
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.ChatMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.JdbcChatMemoryRepository;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.MessageWindowChatMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.Message;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * 智能记忆摘要配置类
 * 核心能力：滑动窗口留存 + LLM智能摘要 + 冗余信息过滤
 * 解决：上下文爆炸、关键信息丢失、Token资源浪费问题
 *
 * @author CSDN-技术博主
 * @date 2026
 */
@Configuration
public class SmartMemorySummaryConfig {

    private final ChatClient chatClient;

    public SmartMemorySummaryConfig(ChatClient.Builder builder) {
        this.chatClient = builder.build();
    }

    /**
     * 构建生产级智能记忆Bean
     * maxMessages：保留最近5轮原始对话，保障实时对话连贯性
     * onMessagesEvicted：消息淘汰后置钩子，触发智能摘要压缩
     */
    @Bean
    public ChatMemory smartChatMemory(JdbcChatMemoryRepository repository) {
        return MessageWindowChatMemory.builder()
                .chatMemoryRepository(repository)
                .maxMessages(5)
                .onMessagesEvicted(this::autoSummaryConversation)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 超长对话智能摘要生成
     * 仅提炼核心业务信息，过滤无效闲聊、重复内容
     */
    private void autoSummaryConversation(List<Message> messages) {
        // 阈值控制：15轮对话触发压缩，平衡LLM调用成本与记忆完整性
        if (messages.size() < 15) {
            return;
        }
        // 拼接历史对话文本
        String conversationContent = messages.stream()
                .map(Message::getContent)
                .collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));

        // LLM智能提炼核心记忆
        String summary = chatClient.prompt()
                .user("精简以下对话内容，仅保留用户核心需求、个人数据、业务配置、技术偏好，删除无意义闲聊，摘要控制在200字以内：\n" + conversationContent)
                .call()
                .getContent();

        // 生产优化：可将摘要独立入库，与原始对话物理隔离
        System.out.println("[智能记忆更新] 对话核心摘要：" + summary);
    }
}

java
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.JdbcChatMemoryRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 过期记忆自动清理任务
 * 实现AI记忆全自动遗忘，保障数据库长期稳定运行
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@EnableScheduling
public class MemoryAutoCleanTask {

    private final JdbcChatMemoryRepository repository;

    public MemoryAutoCleanTask(JdbcChatMemoryRepository repository) {
        this.repository = repository;
    }

    /**
     * 每日凌晨2点执行，业务低峰期清理过期数据
     * 物理删除所有TTL过期的会话记忆
     */
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 0 2 * * ?")
    public void cleanExpiredChatMemory() {
        try {
            repository.deleteAllExpired();
            log.info("【AI记忆运维】过期会话记忆清理完成，数据库资源已优化");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("【AI记忆运维】过期记忆清理异常", e);
        }
    }
}

java
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.advisor.MessageChatMemoryAdvisor;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.ChatMemory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 智能记忆Agent对话接口
 * 融合：持久化记忆 + 智能摘要 + 自动遗忘能力
 */
@RestController
public class SmartMemoryAgentController {

    private final ChatClient chatClient;
    private final ChatMemory smartChatMemory;

    public SmartMemoryAgentController(ChatClient.Builder builder, ChatMemory smartChatMemory) {
        this.chatClient = builder.build();
        this.smartChatMemory = smartChatMemory;
    }

    /**
     * 智能记忆Agent系统提示词
     * 适配摘要记忆逻辑，优先采信核心记忆，忽略无效闲聊
     */
    private final String systemPrompt = """
            你是具备智能记忆能力的企业级AI助手，可自动留存用户核心信息、压缩冗余对话、遗忘无效内容。
            回答问题时结合历史核心摘要记忆与当前实时对话，逻辑连贯、重点突出，忽略无意义闲聊信息。
            """;

    /**
     * 多会话隔离对话接口
     * @param sessionId 会话唯一标识，实现多用户数据隔离
     * @param question 用户提问
     * @return AI推理结果
     */
    @GetMapping("/agent/smart/chat")
    public String smartChat(@RequestParam String sessionId, @RequestParam String question) {
        return chatClient.prompt()
                .system(systemPrompt)
                .user(question)
                // 绑定会话ID，严格隔离不同用户记忆数据
                .advisors(advisorSpec -> advisorSpec
                        .param(MessageChatMemoryAdvisor.CHAT_MEMORY_CONVERSATION_ID, sessionId))
                .call()
                .getContent();
    }
}