Arrays.asList() 创建实例 之iterator.remove()和 add()方法报错java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException

以 Iterator.remove()为例子

直接看代码

public static void main(String[] args) {
   List<String> alist = Arrays.asList(new String());
   Iterator<String> iterator = alist.iterator();
   while (iterator.hasNext()) {
   String  str = iterator.next();
   //过滤list元素逻辑
   if (true) {
    iterator.remove();
      }
   }
}

错误为：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
    at java.util.AbstractList.remove(AbstractList.java:161)
    at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.remove(AbstractList.java:374)

改为正确方式

public static void main(String[] args) {
   List<String> alist = new ArrayList<>();
   alist.add("test");
   Iterator<String> iterator = alist.iterator();
   while (iterator.hasNext()) {
      String str = iterator.next();
      //过滤list元素逻辑
      if (true) {
    iterator.remove();
       }
    }
}

两种方式区别

 List<String> alist = Arrays.asList(new String());

 List<String> alist = new ArrayList<>();
 alist.add("test");

 导致报错原因：

首先分析两者之间获取的 Iterator 接口实例是否相同。（Iterator 本身是接口 默认remove方法为default void remove() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("remove");} 如果抛异常也是实例覆盖remove方法抛出异常）

Iterator<String> iterator = alist.iterator();

很显然不同，一个是ArrayList 一个是 AbstractList

Arrays.asList(）;方式

可以看到Arrays 使用自己内部 静态 ArrayList 并不是 java.util.ArrayList

看一下静态ArrayList继承 AbstractList内容 并无复写 iterator方法 所以调用  alist.iterator();是AbstractList 中iterator方法。
第一张截图也得到了论证

private static class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
    implements RandomAccess, java.io.Serializable
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2764017481108945198L;
    private final E[] a;

    ArrayList(E[] array) {
        a = Objects.requireNonNull(array);
    }

    @Override
    public int size() {
        return a.length;
    }

    @Override
    public Object[] toArray() {
        return a.clone();
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
        int size = size();
        if (a.length < size)
            return Arrays.copyOf(this.a, size,
                                 (Class<? extends T[]>) a.getClass());
        System.arraycopy(this.a, 0, a, 0, size);
        if (a.length > size)
            a[size] = null;
        return a;
    }

    @Override
    public E get(int index) {
        return a[index];
    }

    @Override
    public E set(int index, E element) {
        E oldValue = a[index];
        a[index] = element;
        return oldValue;
    }

    @Override
    public int indexOf(Object o) {
        E[] a = this.a;
        if (o == null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
                if (a[i] == null)
                    return i;
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
                if (o.equals(a[i]))
                    return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean contains(Object o) {
        return indexOf(o) != -1;
    }

    @Override
    public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
        return Spliterators.spliterator(a, Spliterator.ORDERED);
    }

    @Override
    public void forEach(Consumer<? super E> action) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(action);
        for (E e : a) {
            action.accept(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(operator);
        E[] a = this.a;
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
            a[i] = operator.apply(a[i]);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void sort(Comparator<? super E> c) {
        Arrays.sort(a, c);
    }
}

具体iterator接口实例内容

private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
    /**
     * Index of element to be returned by subsequent call to next.
     */
    int cursor = 0;

    /**
     * Index of element returned by most recent call to next or
     * previous.  Reset to -1 if this element is deleted by a call
     * to remove.
     */
    int lastRet = -1;

    /**
     * The modCount value that the iterator believes that the backing
     * List should have.  If this expectation is violated, the iterator
     * has detected concurrent modification.
     */
    int expectedModCount = modCount;

    public boolean hasNext() {
        return cursor != size();
    }

    public E next() {
        checkForComodification();
        try {
            int i = cursor;
            E next = get(i);
            lastRet = i;
            cursor = i + 1;
            return next;
        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            checkForComodification();
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        }
    }

    public void remove() {
        if (lastRet < 0)
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        checkForComodification();

        try {
            AbstractList.this.remove(lastRet);
            if (lastRet < cursor)
                cursor--;
            lastRet = -1;
            expectedModCount = modCount;
        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
    }

    final void checkForComodification() {
        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
    }
}

这是重点后边我们比较一下remove方法有何不同

new ArrayList<>();方式

可以看到 ArrayList类 中使用匿名内部类实现了Iterator接口实例 并通过 iterator获取。

具体实现Iterator接口内容

最后比较一下remove方法不同，报错显示是remove

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
    at java.util.AbstractList.remove(AbstractList.java:161)
    at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.remove(AbstractList.java:374)

首先看Arrays.asList(）方式获取iterator 中remove方法。正好看错误提示 AbstractList：374行

具体内容 AbstractList：161会直接抛出异常，看到这里我们就知道异常怎么来的啦

new ArrayList<>();方式

具体remove 方法: 

总结一句话 ArrayList 重写了  AbstractList 抽象类的remove方法和add 方法支持操作实例，而Arrays创建的List实例没有重写 AbstractList中的remove方法和add方法。
AbstractList 默认remove和add方法抛出UnsupportedOperationException异常

建议：如果想要过滤List中元素，正好你使用的JDK8 可以考虑list.stream().filter() 进行过滤。这样就不用区分那种方式获取的List 实例了。（这种方式重新创建了一个List对象，会消耗一点堆空间）

例子：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    List<String> alist = new ArrayList<>();
    alist.add("test");
    alist.add("test1");
    List<String> alist1 = Arrays.asList("test1", "test2");
    System.out.println(alist);
    System.out.println(alist1);
    alist =alist.stream().filter(str->!str.equals("test1")).collect(Collectors.toList());
    alist1= alist1.stream().filter(str->!str.equals("test1")).collect(Collectors.toList());
    System.out.println(alist);
    System.out.println(alist1);
}

结果：

[test, test1]
[test1, test2]

[test]
[test2]