杨季文 80x86汇编语言程序设计实例一-CSDN博客

这篇博客通过实例展示了80x86汇编语言中如何设计全局描述符表（GDT），并进行代码段和数据段的切换。博主详细解释了GDT的结构，包括LIMIT、BASE和ATTRIBUTES字段，并给出了定义和初始化GDT的代码。此外，还涉及到保护模式到实模式的转换，以及内存缓冲区的使用。

JUMP MACRO selector,offsetv
     DB 0EAH
     DW offsetv
     DW selector
ENDM

ECHOCH MACRO ascii
     mov ah,2
     mov dl,ascii
     int 21h
ENDM

DESCRIPTOR STRUC
LIMITL DW 0
BASEL   DW 0
BASEM   DB 0
ATTRIBUTES DW 0
BASEH   DB 0
DESCRIPTOR ENDS

PDESC STRUC
LIMIT DW 0
BASE DD 0
PDESC ENDS

.386P
DATA SEGMENT USE16
GDT LABEL BYTE
DUMMY DESCRIPTOR <>
CODE_DES DESCRIPTOR <0FFFFH,0,0,98H,0>
CODE_SEL = CODE_DES - GDT
DATAD_DES DESCRIPTOR <0FFFFH,0,0,92H,0>
DATAD_SEL = DATAD_DES - GDT
DATAS_DES DESCRIPTOR <0FFFFH,0,11H,92H,0>
DATAS_SEL = DATAS_DES - GDT
GDTLEN = $-GDT

VGDTR PDESC <GDTLEN-1,0>

BUFFERLEN = 256
BUFFER DB BUFFERLEN DUP(0)
DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT USE16
     ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
START:
      MOV AX,DATA
      MOV DS,AX

      MOV BX,16

      MUL BX
      ADD AX,OFFSET GDT
      ADC DX,0
      MOV WORD PTR VGDTR.BASE,AX
      MOV WORD PTR VGDTR.BASE+2,DX

      MOV AX,CS
      MUL BX
      MOV CODE_DES.BASEL,AX
      MOV CODE_DES.BASEM,DL
      MOV CODE_DES.BASEH,DH

      MOV AX,DS
      MUL BX
      ADD AX,OFFSET BUFFER
      ADC DX,0
      MOV DATAD_DES.BASEL,AX
      MOV DATAD_DES.BASEM,DL
      MOV DATAD_DES.BASEH,DH

      LGDT QWORD PTR VGDTR

      CLI
      CALL EA20

      MOV EAX,CR0
      OR EAX,1
      MOV CR0,EAX

      JUMP <CODE_SEL>,<OFFSET VIRTUAL>

VIRTUAL:
      MOV AX,DATAS_SEL
      MOV DS,AX
      MOV AX,DATAD_SEL
      MOV ES,AX
      CLD
      XOR SI,SI
      XOR DI,DI
      MOV CX,BUFFERLEN/4
      REPZ MOVSD

      MOV EAX,CR0
      AND EAX,0FFFFFFFEH
      MOV CR0,EAX

      JUMP <SEG REAL>,<OFFSET REAL>
REAL:
      CALL DA20
      STI

      MOV AX,DATA
      MOV DS,AX
      MOV SI,OFFSET BUFFER
      CLD
      MOV BP,BUFFERLEN/16
NEXTLINE:
      MOV CX,16
NEXTCH:
      LODSB
      PUSH AX
      SHR AL,4
      CALL TOASCII
      ECHOCH AL
      POP AX
      CALL TOASCII
      ECHOCH AL
      ECHOCH ' '
      LOOP NEXTCH
      ECHOCH 0DH
      ECHOCH 0AH
      DEC BP
      JNZ NEXTLINE

      MOV AH,4CH
      INT 21H

TOASCII PROC
     and     al,0fh
     add     al,90h
     daa
     adc     al,40h
     daa
     ret