第一部分:音标
一、元音
1. 长元音(5 个)
- /ɑː/ /ɔː/ /ɜː/ /iː/ /uː/
2. 短元音(7 个)
- /ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/
3. 双元音(8 个)
- /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
二、辅音
1. 清辅音(11 个,声带不振动)
- /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /h/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /ts/
2. 浊辅音(17 个,声带振动)
- /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /r/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /dz/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/
第二部分:连读
一、辅音 + 元音连读
说明:Consonant + Vowel
- Hold on a second, Can you pick up some milk for us at the store.
- she's an old friend of mine.
二、相同和相似连读
说明:same or similar sound
- I think this song is about the singer's black cat.
- you don't need to prove it to them.
三、闪音或者弹音连读
说明:Flap or tap 't' && 'd',即 Vowel + t/d + Vowel
- How do you know that is your book.
- A lot of girls wouldn't even notice, but I am not a lot of girls.
四、爆破音不释放
说明:Unreleased Plosive Consanats, 即 plosive consanats(t,d,p,b,k,g) + consanats
- We allowed them to jump to the front of the line.
- I just don't want my kids to make the same bad mistake I made.
五、辅音连缀
说明:Consonant Cluster,即 Consonant + t/d + Consonant, t,d sounds can be dropped
- Wow, the first day of school and you are already behind.
六、声门塞音
Glottal stop,即 t & n sounds meet together, t sound can be unreleased
- button
- curtain
- Tell me how far you have gotten.
- That's not important right now.
七、省略 th 发音
说明:n、s、z + th,th sound can be dropped
- it's that
- in three
- Yes, I guess that works for me.
八、省略 t 发音
说明:Vowel + nt + Vowel, t sound can be dropped
- international
- sentimental
- How on earth can you get to the international airport in an hour.
第三部分:弱读和击穿
一、虚词全部弱读
介词、冠词、连词、代词不重读,全部轻读变短。
必背弱读:
-
a → /ə/
-
an → /ən/
-
the → /ðə/
-
to → /tə/
-
of → /əv/
-
for → /fə/
-
and → /ən/ / n/
二、t 击穿
元音 + t + 元音 → t 击穿弱化
在两个元音中间,t 不读 t,读成轻弹音 /d/
-
water → wa-der
-
better → be-der
-
little → li-dle
三、h 击穿
him / her / his / he / have 前面是辅音 → h 直接消失
-
tell him → tel-lim
-
ask her → a-sker
-
call him → cal-lim
第四部分:清辅音浊化
一、s + t → 读 d
- student → 读 /sdudent/
- stand → 读 /sdænd/
- water 不在s后面,不浊化
二、s + k → 读 g
- school → 读 /sgool/
- sky → 读 /sgai/
- scheme → 读 /sgim/
三、s + p → 读 b
- sport → 读 /sbort/
- spring → 读 /sbring/
- special → 读 /sbeʃl/
第五部分:禁止连读场景
- 有标点、有停顿:逗号、句号前后不能连。
- 专有名词:人名、地名、学校名、国家名,分开读。
- 要强调重点:重要单词单独重读,不连读。
- 语义断开:意思分层的地方,必须停顿。

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