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舉

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 举, 擧, and 𱑏
舉 U+8209, 舉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8209
← 興
[U+8208] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舊 →
[U+820A]

Translingual

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Traditional 舉
Simplified 举
Japanese 挙
Korean 擧

Alternative forms

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  • 擧 (U+64E7); The bottom part displays as 手. (Original form of 舉)
  • 𦦙 (U+26999); The bottom part displays as 丰.

Han character

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舉 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+10, 16 strokes, Cangjie input 竹金手 (HCQ), four-corner 77502, composition ⿱與𰀁)

Derived terms

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1005, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30238
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1461, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3041, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+8209

Usage notes

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This character is a modified form of 擧 derived from historical forms of the character (The component 手 (shǒu) is written in small seal script). In traditional Chinese script, this character 舉 is preferred over 擧. Note that this character is not found in the Kangxi dictionary.

Chinese

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trad. 舉/擧
simp. 举
alternative forms
擧
𦦙
挙
㪯
𡕖
擧
𦦙
挙
㪯
𡕖
𣁄
𰓉
𥸦
𠃥
𠔖
𠢈
𫽛
𡴃
𢪓
𠦮
𡥳
𤼳
𤼴
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 舉
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (舁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
攑 *kʰlan
藇 *sla, *ljaʔ, *la, *laʔ, *las
嶼 *ljaʔ
鱮 *ljaʔ
舉 *klaʔ
櫸 *klaʔ
舁 *la
與 *la, *laʔ, *las
輿 *la, *las
旟 *la
璵 *la
歟 *la, *laʔ, *las
譽 *la, *las
嬩 *la
擧 *la
鸒 *la, *las
礜 *las
穥 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klaʔ): phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 手 (“hand”) as 擧／举. The 手 (shǒu) component became 𰀁. Related to 奉.

Etymology

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lift
May be cognate with Tibetan འཁྱོག་པ ('khyog pa, “to lift; to bring; to carry”), Tibetan སྐྱ་བ (skya ba, “to carry; to convey”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may be related to 舁 (OC *la, “to lift”) as a *k- prefixed verb (Baxter and Sagart, 1998).
all, whole, entire
Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ka (“all”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007)
to pawn
The counter of the pawnbroker is usually at a high position. Therefore, customers must lift the object to be pawned at a pawn shop.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Chongming:
    • 3ciu - literary;
    • 3ci - vernacular.
Rime
Character 舉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居許切
Baxter kjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/kiɔX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭoX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		geoi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 舉 舉
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǔ jǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjoX › ‹ kjoX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.q(r)aʔ/ /*[k](r)aʔ/
English lift, raise all

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 舉
Reading # 1/1
No. 15888
Phonetic
component 		舁
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		舉
Old
Chinese 		/*klaʔ/
Notes 舁轉註字，說文從手與聲，
漢碑隸變作此

Definitions

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舉

  1. to raise; to lift up
    舉起手中的酒杯／举起手中的酒杯  ―  jǔ qǐ shǒu zhōng de jiǔbēi  ―  to raise the glass in one's hand
  2. (literary) to raise; to bring up
  3. to elect
  4. to start; to initiate
    舉兵／举兵  ―  jǔbīng  ―  to raise an army
    舉行／举行  ―  jǔxíng  ―  to hold
  5. to cite; to enumerate
    舉個例子／举个例子  ―  jǔ ge lìzi  ―  to cite an example
  6. action; deed
    壯舉／壮举  ―  zhuàngjǔ  ―  magnificent feat
  7. (historical) successful candidate in the imperial examination at the provincial level
    中舉／中举  ―  zhònɡjǔ  ―  to pass the imperial examinations at the provincial level
  8. whole; entire
    舉國／举国  ―  jǔguó  ―  the entire country
  9. (Cantonese) to pawn

Compounds

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References

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  • “舉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “举”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 140.

Japanese

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Kanji

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舉

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. alternative form of 擧

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): きょ (kyo)
  • Kun: あげる (ageru)、こぞる (kozoru)

Usage notes

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For the shinjitai form, see 挙. For the kyūjitai form, see 擧.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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舉: Hán Việt readings: cử[1][2][3][4][5][6]
舉: Nôm readings: cữ[1][2][3][4][6], cỡ[3][4][6], cử[6], gở

  1. chữ Hán form of cử (“(in compounds) to lift”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of cữ (“time period; time interval”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of gở (“(obsolete) a kind of demon or monster”)
    • 16th century, Nguyễn Thế Nghi's (attributed) Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註), giải âm/translation of Truyền kỳ mạn lục ("Casual Record of Transmitted Strange-Tales") by Nguyễn Dữ.
      𤾓𠦳𰿘状蒸鬼舉拮調遁闘
      Trăm ngàn muôn trạng chưng quỷ gở cất đều trốn dấu.
      Countless kinds of demons all went into hiding.

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hồ (1976).
  5. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Génibrel (1898).
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