-ose

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ose"

English

Pronunciation

• More common pronunciation with /s/:
  • (UK) IPA^(key): /-əʊs/
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /-oʊs/

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -əʊs
  • Homophone: ose
• Variant pronunciation with /z/, more common in RP-based speech and for the verbal suffix:
  • (UK) IPA^(key): /-əʊz/
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /-oʊz/
  • Rhymes: -əʊz
  • Homophones: oes, ohs, Os, o's; owes (toe–tow merger)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin -ōsus. Doublet of -ous in stressed position. Often associated or conflated with the unrelated suffix -osis by folk etymology (e.g. prionose : prionosis; prionose : prionosis).

Suffix

-ose (adjective-forming suffix, comparative more -ose, superlative most -ose)(especially sciences, often biology, medicine, geology)

1. Full of; affected by.

   comatose

   sleepy; in a coma

   (literally, “full of sleep”)

   lichenose

   full of lichen, covered in lichens

   verbose

   wordy

   (literally, “full of words”)

2. Having or characterized by the presence of.

   cystose

   having cysts

   dactylose

   having digits or fingers (dactyli, dactyly)

   favose

   having favi (honeycomb-like shapes), or having the ringworm disease favus

3. Resembling, similar to (especially in shape or appearance).

   cystose

   resembling a cyst

   dactylose

   resembling a finger (root dactyl-)

   gneissose

   similar to gneiss

   lichenose

   resembling lichen

Synonyms

• (full of): -ful
• (having in some quantity): -ous, -some
• (resembling or characterized by): -ate, -ed, -ic, -ish, -like, -ly, -oid

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “full of”): -less

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ose (-ful)

adenose

adipose

anastomose

annulose

ariose

bracteose

callose

caseose

comatose

cormose

cystose

dactylose

esquamulose

favose

feldspathose

foliolose

glumose

gneissose

granulose

greenschistose

gummose

gyrose

hamose

lacunose

lacunulose

leprose

lichenose

mammose

minutiose

mulierose

naevose

nervose

neurose

nodulose

plumose

plumulose

prionose

quartzose

racemulose

radiculose

schistose

scyphose

squamulose

strigose

thallose

trappose

tremellose

venulose

verbose

verrucose

viscose

zygose

• -osity

See also

• -ferous, -phorous (“-bearing”)
• -genous, -genic (“-creating”)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Hellenic *dléukus?

Ancient Greek γλεῦκος (gleûkos)der.

French glucose

English glucosebf.

English -ose

Back-formation from glucose. Compare French -ose.

Suffix

-ose

2. (chemistry) Used to form the names of sugars.
4. (biochemistry) Used to indicate a product of protein breakdown.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ose (sugar)

agarose

aldose

allose

altrose

arabinose

biose

cellobiose

cellose

cellulose

dextrose

dulcose

erythrose

erythrulose

fructose

furanose

galactose

glycose

gulose

heptose

hexose

lactose

maltose

maltotetraose

mannose

pentose

pyranose

rhamnose

ribose

rutinose

saccharose

sucrose

talose

xylose

• oses

• aldohexose
• aldopentose
• aldose
• allose
• altrose
• arabinose
• biose
• cellobiose, cellose
• cellulose
• deoxyribose
• dextrose
• dulcose
• erythrose
• erythrulose
• fructose
• galactose
• garantose
• gulose
• heptose
• hexose
• idose
• ketose
• lactose
• laevulose, levulose
• lyxose
• maltose
• mannose
• pectose
• pentose
• psicose
• pyranose
• ribose
• ribulose
• saccharose
• sedoheptulose
• sorbose
• sucrose
• tagatose
• talose
• tetrose
• threose
• triose
• xylose
• xylulose

Translations

suffix used to form the names of sugars

• Catalan: -osa (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: -糖 (-táng)

• Danish: -ose c
• Dutch: -ose (nl)
• French: -ose (fr) m
• Galician: -osa (gl)
• Hungarian: -óz
• Irish: -ós m
• Italian: -osio m
• Polish: -oza (pl) f
• Portuguese: -ose (pt) f
• Spanish: -osa f

References

• “-ose”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

From a combination of sources, mainly nouns ending in -osis (or in origin from Latin -ōsis, French -ose), by processes of back-formation and analogy; possibly influenced adjectives ending in the unrelated -ose (Latin -ōsus) with an implicit function “to become [adjective]” (compare anastomose (verb) : anastomose (adjective)).

Suffix

-ose (verb-forming suffix, third-person singular simple present -oses, present participle -osing, simple past and past participle -osed)

1. Occurs in some verbs derived from nouns in -osis, with an inchoative meaning “to undergo [a process]”.

   Synonym: -esce

   ‎metamorphosis + ‎-ose → ‎metamorphose

   ‎necrosis + ‎-ose → ‎necrose

Derived terms

• anastomose
• explose
• metamorphose
• necrose
• sclerose
• thrombose

Anagrams

• Eos, Seo, soe, Soe, oes, SOE, OES, OES., ESO, SEO, E&Os, OEs

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-ˈoːsə]

Etymology 1

Via French, from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis).

Suffix

-ose

1. -osis

Etymology 2

Via French, from Latin -ōsus.

Suffix

-ose

1. -ose

Declension

Declension of -ose

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ose	-osen	-oser	-oserne
genitive	-oses	-osens	-osers	-osernes

Derived terms

Danish terms suffixed with -ose

artrose

cyanose

fruktose

laktose

neurose

psykose

tuberkulose

References

• “-ose” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-ose

1. (chemistry) -ose (suffix used for sugars)
2. (pathology) -osis (suffix used for diseases)

Derived terms

Dutch terms suffixed with -ose

avitaminose

fructose

lactose

maltose

sacharose

shigellose

sucrose

vaginose

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oz/

Etymology 1

Borrowed via Latin from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”), from -όω (-óō) stem verbs + -σις (-sis).

Suffix

-ose f (noun-forming suffix, plural -oses)

1. (pathology) -osis, a functional disease or condition

   ‎fluor (“fluorine”) + ‎-ose → ‎fluorose (“fluorosis”)

   ‎acide (“acid”) + ‎-ose → ‎acidose (“acidosis”)

Derived terms

Category French terms suffixed with -ose (condition) not found

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin -ōsus; doublet of the inherited -eux.

Suffix

-ose m (more commonly) or f (noun-forming suffix, plural -oses)

1. (chemistry) -ose, a saccharide (simple sugar)

   ‎Latin frūctus (“fruit”) + ‎-ose → ‎fructose m (“fructose”) (surface etymology)

   ‎Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”) + ‎-ose → ‎glucose m (“glucose”)

   ‎Ancient Greek γάλακτ- (gálakt-, “milk”) + ‎-ose → ‎galactose m or (archaic) f (“galactose”)

Derived terms

French terms suffixed with -ose (saccharide)

cellulose

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-oːzə/

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Via French, from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis).

Suffix

-ose f (genitive -ose, plural -osen)

1. -osis

Declension

Declension of -ose [feminine]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	eine	die	-ose	die	-osen
genitive	einer	der	-ose	der	-osen
dative	einer	der	-ose	den	-osen
accusative	eine	die	-ose	die	-osen

Etymology 2

Via French, from Latin -ōsus.

Suffix

-ose

1. -ose

Derived terms

German terms suffixed with -ose

Borreliose

Hypovitaminose

Laktose

Mitose

Phagozytose

Further reading

• “-ose”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[1] (in German)

Italian

Suffix

-ose

1. feminine plural of -oso

Latin

Suffix

-ōse

1. vocative masculine singular of -ōsus

Middle English

Suffix

-ose

1. alternative form of -ous

Ojibwe

Final

-ose

1. walk

Derived terms

• animose (“walk away”)
• babaamose (“walk about, stroll”)
• bimose (“walk (along)”)
• giiwose (“hunt”)

See also

• -a’amii (“step”)
• -aazhagaame (“go along a shoreline or edge”)
• -shin (“fall, lie, contact, tread, hit”)

References

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/ose-final

Ottawa

Final

-ose (animate intransitive)

1. walk

References

• Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001), Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 374

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.zi/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.zɨ/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Proto-Hellenic *-tis

Ancient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)

Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)

Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis)bor.

New Latin -ōsislbor.

Portuguese -ose

Internationalism. Learned borrowing from Latin -ōsis, from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”).

Suffix

-ose f (noun-forming suffix, plural -oses)

1. (pathology) Forms the names of functional diseases or conditions; -osis
2. (biology, chemistry) Forms the names of actions and processes; -osis

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ose (disease)

actinomicose

adenomatose

adenomiomatose

adenose

aftose

cinetose

clorose

endometriose

esquistossomose

histiocitose

ictiose

metempsicose

micose

osteoporose

parasitose

pneumoconiose

poliose

virose

Etymology 2

Internationalism. Back-formation from glicose or glucose.

Suffix

-ose f (noun-forming suffix, plural -oses)

1. (chemistry) Forms the names of sugars; -ose

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ose (sugar)

glicose

glucose

lactose

maltose

poliose

sacarose

xilose

Further reading

• “-ose”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “-ose”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026