brød

See also: brod, Brod, bröd, bród, and brôd

Danish

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:

brød

Wikipedia ^da

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /brøːˀð/, [ˈb̥ʁœðˀ], [ˈpʁœ̝ðˀ]

Etymology 1

From Old Danish brøth, from Old Norse brauð (“bread”), from Proto-Germanic *braudą, cognate with Swedish bröd, English bread, German Brot.

Noun

brød n (singular definite brødet, plural indefinite brød)

bread

Declension

Declension of *brød*
neuter gender	singular		plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	brød	brødet	brød	brødene
genitive	brøds	brødets	brøds	brødenes

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

brød

past tense of bryde

References

“brød” in Den Danske Ordbog
“brød” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:

Brød

Wikipedia ^no

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /brøː/
Rhymes: -øː
Hyphenation: brød

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Danish brød (“bread”), from Old Danish brøth, from Old Norse brauð (“bread”), from Proto-Germanic *braudą (“bread”).

The deeper origin is disputed. Kroonen proposes a Proto-Indo-European pre-form *bʰrowh₁-tó-s, from the root *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil, seethe”), while another analysis regards the Germanic noun as a conflation involving this root and *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”).

Cognate with Norwegian Nynorsk braud and brød, Icelandic brauð, Faroese breyð, Swedish bröd, English bread, Dutch brood and German Brot (“bread”).

Noun

brød n (definite singular brødet, indefinite plural brød, definite plural brøda or brødene)

bread; a baked food made chiefly from flour and water, usually leavened with yeast or sourdough; also a loaf of this food
Hun baker brød hver helg. ― She bakes bread every weekend.
- traditional, Forkynneren [Ecclesiastes], 11:1:
  Kast ditt brød på vannet, for med tiden vil du finne det igjen.
  Cast your bread upon the waters, for in time you will find it again.
- 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 32:
  Han har ikke arnested at hvile ved, ikke brød at bide.
  He has no hearth by which to rest, no bread to bite.
- 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 96:
  [Jeg] har sovet på den bare jord og levet af brød og vand i fire–fem dage.
  I have slept on the bare ground and lived on bread and water for four or five days.
- 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden [The Wild Duck], page 224:
  [Smør] behøves ikke; jeg kan så godt spise det tørre brød.
  Butter is not necessary; I can just as well eat the dry bread.
- 1917, Lorentz Dietrichson, Svundne Tider, volume IV, page 448:
  Kast dit brød i vandet og du skal finde det igjen lang tid efter.
  Cast your bread into the water and you shall find it again a long time afterwards.
- 1933, Knut Hamsun, Men livet lever, volume II, page 301:
  Han akter aldeles ikke at sætte nogen av sine folk ut av munds brød.
  He has absolutely no intention of depriving any of his people of their livelihood.
- 1945, Theo Findahl, Undergang, page 81:
  Hun legger et tykt lag smør på en skive ristet brød.
  She spreads a thick layer of butter on a slice of toast.
- 1956, Anne-Cath. Vestly, Ole Aleksander og bestemor til værs, page 47:
  Ole Aleksander fikk opp brødboksen og tok frem brødet.
  Ole Aleksander opened the bread box and took out the bread.
- 1972, Nina Arkina, Lenin og hans kvinne, page 70:
  Det var dager da butikkene ikke fikk brød fra bakeriene.
  There were days when the shops received no bread from the bakeries.
- 1973, Marit Monsen, Påfuglporten, page 34:
  Det kjentes en duft av nybakt brød, det måtte det være som minnet om barndommen.
  There was a scent of freshly baked bread; that must have been what recalled childhood.
- 1978, Arild Nyquist, Kollvikabrev, page 169:
  Nå vet du hva et godt brød er, og forstår for første gang hvilken dritt du spiste tidligere.
  Now you know what good bread is and understand for the first time what rubbish you used to eat.
- 1980, Torill Thorstad Hauger, Det kom et skip til Bjørgvin i 1349, page 62:
  Han gomlet på osten, brøt brødet i store biter.
  He munched on the cheese and broke the bread into large pieces.
- 1989, Elin Brodin, De vises sten, page 61:
  Han satte til livs et halvt brød og flere speilegg mens jeg bare orket te.
  He polished off half a loaf and several fried eggs while I could manage only tea.
- 1873, Henrik Ibsen, Kærlighedens komedie [Love's Comedy], page 69:
  Han fik sit vand og brød i dage ti.
  He was given ten days on bread and water.
- 1916 March 3, Tidens Krav:
  De danske poteter som nu er kommet til provianteringsraadet […] gaar som varmt brød.
  The Danish potatoes which have now reached the provisioning council […] are selling like hot cakes.
- 1873, Henrik Ibsen, Kejser og Galilæer [Emperor and Galilean], page 95:
  Kommer jeg til eder, bøger, bøger, bøger! Stene for brød! Jeg kan ikke bruge bøger; – det er liv, jeg hungrer efter.
  You bring me books, books, books! Stones instead of bread! I have no use for books; it is life that I hunger for.
- 1941, Gabriel Scott, Sommeren, page 245:
  Gud gav dem ikke en sten når de bad om et brød.
  God did not give them a stone when they asked for bread.
- 1966, C. J. Hambro, Er gymnasiaster mennesker?, page 47:
  Det store flertall av våre gymnasiaster får stener for brød.
  The great majority of our upper-secondary pupils receive stones instead of bread.
- 2014, Kjell Arild Pollestad, Eneboerliv, page 120:
  De unge får stener for brød når voksne mennesker later som de er på deres nivå.
  Young people receive stones instead of bread when adults pretend to be on their level.
- 1988, Ketil Bjørnstad, Oppstigning fra det usynlige, page 79:
  Dere er hemningsløse, fullstendig usjenerte, og på toppen av alt: dumme som brød!
  You are uninhibited, completely shameless, and on top of everything else, as stupid as loaves of bread!
- 1992, Pål Gerhard Olsen, Rødt regn, page 179:
  Hun sa bare at mor var dum som et brød og at far kunne ha det så godt.
  She merely said that Mother was as stupid as a loaf of bread and that Father had only herself to blame.
- 2010, Lars Saabye Christensen, Bernhard Hvals forsnakkelser, page LBK:
  Dette er brød og sirkus for våre lesere i dystre tider.
  This is bread and circuses for our readers in gloomy times.
1. (chiefly in compounds) a thin, crisp, unleavened baked product, usually cooked on a griddle, as in flatbrød (“flatbread”)
2. (chiefly in compounds) another type of baked good, cake or bun, as in skolebrød (“school bun”), sukkerbrød (“sponge cake”), wienerbrød (“Danish pastry”), hamburgerbrød (“hamburger bun”) and pølsebrød (“hot-dog bun”)
(theology) sacramental bread or a host regarded as the body of Christ
- traditional, Lukasevangeliet [Gospel of Luke], 22:19:
  Så tok [Jesus] et brød, takket og brøt det, ga dem og sa: «Dette er min kropp, som gis for dere.»
  Then Jesus took bread, gave thanks and broke it, gave it to them and said, “This is my body, which is given for you.”
- 1866, Henrik Ibsen, Brand, 1885 edition, page 97:
  Rent bord for nådens vin og brød.
  A clean table for the wine and bread of grace.
- 1987, Kjell Arild Pollestad, Skål for Norge, page 104:
  [Middelalderens] trosliv var rotfestet i det sakramentale. […] Brødet og vinen […] ble på alteret forvandlet til Kristi legeme og blod.
  Medieval religious life was rooted in the sacramental. […] On the altar, the bread and wine […] were transformed into the body and blood of Christ.
- 2021 November 5, katolsk.no:
  Under brødets og vinens vigslede skikkelser er Kristus selv, levende og herliggjort, til stede på en sann og virkelig måte med hele sitt vesen.
  Under the consecrated forms of bread and wine, Christ himself, living and glorified, is truly and really present in his entire being.
1. (theology, in certain Protestant churches) bread regarded as a symbol of the body of Christ
  - 2009 September 11, Dagen, page 2:
    Calvin […] mente at […] Jesus […] ikke samtidig [kan] være reelt til stede i nattverdens brød og vin her på jorden.
    Calvin […] believed that […] Jesus […] could not simultaneously be really present in the Eucharistic bread and wine here on earth.
(metonymic) the food, resources or other means necessary for subsistence; one's livelihood
- 1930, Tromsø Stiftstidende, number 74, page 1, column 4:
  [Det er] lett å forstå, hvorfor det daglige brød i Norge er dobbelt så dyrt som i Danmark.
  It is easy to understand why daily bread in Norway is twice as expensive as in Denmark.
- 2024, Erika Fatland, Sjøfareren, page 451:
  Mye av det kornet som gir folk deres daglige brød og som gjør at hele befolkninger holder sulten fra livet, transporteres på skip.
  Much of the grain that provides people's daily bread and keeps entire populations from starving is transported by ship.
- 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 156:
  Dine ord og dine øjne nærer mig med livsens brød.
  Your words and your eyes nourish me with the bread of life.
- 1997, Thomas Hylland Eriksen, Charles Darwin, page 64:
  Darwinismen skulle derimot bli en nær alliert av dem som gikk inn for fri konkurranse og tanken om «den enes død, den annens brød».
  Darwinism, by contrast, was to become a close ally of those advocating free competition and the idea that one person's death is another's bread.
- 1898, Amalie Skram, Afkom:
  Saa’n en Tilskikkelse ogsaa, at Myre netop skulde komme i hendes Mands Brød.
  What a twist of fate that Myre should end up in her husband's employment.
- 1913, Knut Hamsun, Børn av Tiden, page 243:
  De gik i arbeide hos Holmengraa og var i Holmengraas brød.
  They went to work for Holmengraa and were in Holmengraa's employment.
- 2013, Roy Jacobsen, De usynlige, page 169:
  De er blitt fyrvoktere og lønnsmottakere, i statens brød.
  They have become lighthouse keepers and wage earners, employed by the state.
- 1874, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, En fallit [A Bankruptcy], page 98:
  Den simpleste arbejder i Deres brød.
  The humblest worker in your employment.
- 1918, Gunnar Heiberg, Samlede dramatiske verker, volume III, page 151:
  Se paa alle de mennesker vi har i vort brød.
  Look at all the people we have in our employment.
- 1931 March 14, Eivind S. Engelstad, A-magasinet, page 7:
  [Dronningen] har været en meget kunstelskende kvinne som har hatt både treskjærere og billedveversker i sitt brød.
  The queen had been a great lover of art who employed both woodcarvers and tapestry weavers.
(slang, in the plural) a woman's breasts
- 2003, Lars Ramslie, Fatso, page LBK:
  Jobben min hadde vært ganske ok, hadde det ikke vært for de ekle fatsoene som skal stirre på brøa mine hele tiden.
  My job would have been quite all right if it were not for the disgusting fatties who keep staring at my tits.
(slang) a penis
- 1993, Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Utsikt til paradiset, page 118:
  Tissen til Kai Reiersen (eller brødet, som han nok ville ha sagt).
  Kai Reiersen's willy—or “the loaf”, as he would probably have called it.
- 1995, Ola Bauer, Svartefot, page 220:
  Hvilket brød? … Kuken vel, sa Johan lavt.
  What loaf? … His cock, obviously, Johan said quietly.
1. an erect penis; an erection
  - 1994, Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Hevnen fra himmelen, page 16:
    Hun har blitt plukka opp av en mister x med benn i brødet.
    She has been picked up by a Mr X with a hard-on.
  - 1996, Arne Berggren, Dronningen, page 99:
    Da jeg tenkte på henne noe senere hadde jeg det brødet.
    When I thought about her a little later, I had that erection.
  - 1997, Morten Jørgensen, Kongen av København, page 333:
    Det banket og banket i brødet.
    It kept throbbing and throbbing in his erection.

Expressions

hardt brød — hardtack, ship's biscuit; kavring (“rusk”) (sailors' term)
ikke tjene til smør på brødet — to earn too little to live on
(sitte på) vann og brød — formerly, to serve an aggravated prison sentence on bread and water
gå som varmt brød (now rare) — to sell very quickly; to sell like hot cakes
få/gi stener for brød — to receive or give something worthless instead of something useful or valuable
dum som et brød — extremely stupid
ha (et varmt) brød i ovnen — to be pregnant
ta brødet ut av munnen på noen — to deprive someone of their livelihood
dette gir ikke brød — nothing useful or profitable will come of this
brød og sirkus — food and entertainment used to distract people from more important political or social matters
smuler er også brød — small amounts are also worth having
bakerens barn har ikke brød — something is lacking where one would expect it to be plentiful
gi bakerens barn brød — to give someone something they already possess in abundance
brød og vin — bread and wine as the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist
det daglige brød — the food and resources needed for everyday life
livsens brød (biblical) — that which is necessary for eternal life
den enes død (er) den annens brød — one person's death or loss provides another person with a livelihood or opportunity
være i noens brød — to be employed by someone
ta/ha noen i sitt brød — to employ someone or have someone in one's employment
tjene sitt brød — to earn one's living
bend i brødet — an erection (slang)

Derived terms

brødblings (“open sandwich”)
brødboks (“bread box”)
brøddeig (“bread dough”)
brødform (“loaf pan”)
brødfrukt (“breadfruit”)
brødkniv (“bread knife”)
brødkorn (“bread grain”)
brødrasp (“breadcrumbs”)
brødrister (“toaster”)
brødskive (“slice of bread”)
brødsmule (“breadcrumb”)
brødtekst (“body text”)
brødvare (“bread product”)
burgerbrød (“burger bun”)
flatbrød (“flatbread”)
grovbrød (“wholemeal bread”)
hamburgerbrød (“hamburger bun”)
helkornbrød (“whole-grain bread”)
honningbrød (“honey bread”)
kneippbrød (“Kneipp bread”)
knekkebrød (“crispbread”)
landbrød (“country bread”)
levebrød (“livelihood”)
pitabrød (“pita bread”)
pølsebrød (“hot-dog bun”)
rugbrød (“rye bread”)
skolebrød (“school bun”)
smørbrød (“open sandwich”)
sukkerbrød (“sponge cake”)
wienerbrød (“Danish pastry”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

brydde (alternative simple past)

Verb

brød

past of bry (“to bother, trouble; care”)

References

“brød” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“brød” in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).
“bry” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“brød”, in Store norske leksikon‎^[1], (Can we date this quote?)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

brød

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Alternative forms

braud

Etymology

Borrowed from Danish brød, from Old Norse brauð, from Proto-Germanic *braudą. Akin to English bread.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /brøː/
Rhymes: -øː

Noun

brød n (definite singular brødet, indefinite plural brød, definite plural brøda)

(a loaf of) bread
rista brød - toast (see also toast (Nynorsk))

Synonyms: koke, kake
(slang) penis
(slang) breasts

Usage notes

While the form brød was first brought to the language from Danish, the increased modern use in place of other words such as stump and koke / kake, is largely due to influence from Bokmål. In close to all dialects, braud would have been the natural form, cf. daud and sau(d).

Derived terms

References

“brød” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.