final

See also: Final and finał

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

final

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

finall (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English final, fynal, fynall, from Old French final, from Latin fīnālis (“of or relating to the end or to boundaries”), from fīnis (“end”); see fine. Replaced native English endly (“final”).

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈfaɪnl̩/
Audio (London): (file)
(General American) enPR: fī'nəl, IPA^(key): /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/, [-nəɫ]
Audio (General American): (file)
Hyphenation: fi‧nal
Rhymes: -aɪnəl

Noun

final (plural finals)

(Canada, US, Philippines) A final examination; a test or examination given at the end of a term or class; the test that concludes a class.
- 2005 April 13, Robert MacMillan, “Steal This Song”, in The Washington Post, retrieved 3 Oct. 2008:
  It was tough cramming for those midterms and finals, staying up 72 hours straight hepped up on caffeine and pizza.
(Oxbridge slang) A final examination taken at the end of the final year of an undergraduate course, which contributes towards a student's degree classification.
(sports) The last round, game or match in a contest, after which the winner is determined.
(phonology) The final part of a syllable, the combination of medial and rime in phonetics and phonology.
(music) The tonic or keynote of a Gregorian mode, and hence the final note of any conventional melody played in that mode.

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Japanese: ファイナル (fainaru)
→ Korean: 파이널 (paineol)
→ Swahili: fainali

Translations

test or examination given at the end of a term or class

Bulgarian: заключителен изпит m (zaključitelen izpit)
Catalan: final (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 期末考試 / 期末考试 (zh) (qīmò kǎoshì)
Danish: eksamen c
Dutch: eindexamen (nl) n
Finnish: loppukoe (fi), päättökoe
French: examen (fr) m
Galician: exame final m
German: Abschlussprüfung (de) f
Greek: πτυχιακές (el) f or pl (ptychiakés)
Hebrew: גְּמָר (he) m (gmar)
Hungarian: záróvizsga (hu)
Japanese: 学期末試験 (ja) (gakki-matsu shiken), 学期末テスト (gakki-matsu tesuto), ファイナル (ja) (fainaru)
Korean: 기말고사(期末考査) (gimalgosa), 파이널 (paineol)
Latin: finis (la) m or f, terminus (la) m, exitus m, exitus m, extremus m, extremum n, peractio f
Portuguese: prova final f
Russian: выпускно́й (ru) (vypusknój)
Spanish: final (es) m
Telugu: పరిక్ష (parikṣa)
Turkish: final (tr)

sports: last round in a contest

Armenian: վերջնամրցում (verǰnamrcʻum), եզրափակիչ (hy) (ezrapʻakičʻ)
Bulgarian: финал (bg) m (final)
Catalan: final (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 決賽 / 决赛 (zh) (juésài)
Czech: finále (cs) n
Danish: finale (da) c, slutrunde
Dutch: eindronde (nl), finale (nl) f
Faroese: endaumfar
Finnish: loppuottelu (fi), finaali (fi), loppukilpailu (fi), loppusarja
French: finale (fr) f
Galician: final (gl) f
German: Finale (de) n, Endkampf (de) m, Schlussrunde (de) f, Endspiel (de) n
Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
Hebrew: גְּמָר (he) m (gmar)
Hungarian: döntő (hu)
Icelandic: úrslit (is) n pl, úrslitakeppni f
Irish: ceannchluiche m
Italian: finale (it) f
Japanese: 決勝戦 (ja) (けっしょうせん, kesshōsen), ファイナル (ja) (fainaru)
Kazakh: финал (fıynal)
Korean: 결승전(決勝戰) (gyeolseungjeon), 파이널 (paineol)
Latin: finis (la) m or f, terminus (la) m, exitus m, extremus m, extremum n, peractio f
Latvian: fināls m, finālspēle f
Lithuanian: finãlas
Norwegian:
Bokmål: finale (no) m

Nynorsk: finale m
Persian: فینال (fa) (finâl)
Polish: finał (pl) m
Portuguese: final (pt) f
Russian: фина́л (ru) m (finál), (chess) э́ндшпиль (ru) m (éndšpilʹ)
Spanish: final (es) f
Swahili: fainali (sw)
Swedish: final (sv) c
Tagalog: pangwakas
Turkish: final (tr)
Vietnamese: chung kết (vi)
Walloon: finåle f

final part of a syllable

Catalan: final (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 韻母 / 韵母 (zh) (yùnmǔ), 終聲 / 终声 (zh) (zhōngshēng)
Galician: final (gl) f
Hani: yifmu
Hungarian: szótagvég
Japanese: 韻母 (ja) (いんぼ, inbo), 終声 (しゅうせい, shūsei)
Korean: 운모(韻母) (ko) (unmo), 종성(終聲) (ko) (jongseong)
Russian: фина́ль (ru) f (finálʹ)
Vietnamese: vận mẫu (韻母), âm cuối
Walloon: coron (wa) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Italian: ^{(please verify)} finale (it)
Latin: ^{(please verify)} finale, ^{(please verify)} finalis
Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} krajnje (sh)
Welsh: ^{(please verify)} terfynol (cy), ^{(please verify)} olaf

Adjective

final (comparative more final, superlative most final)

Last; ultimate.
final solution; the final day of a school term
- 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:
  Yet despair not of his final pardon.
Conclusive; decisive.
a final judgment; the battle of Waterloo brought the contest to a final issue
Respecting an end or object to be gained; respecting the purpose or ultimate end in view.
(grammar) Expressing purpose; as in the term final clause.
(linguistics) Word-final; occurring at the end of a word.
- 1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:
  Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.

Synonyms

(last, ultimate): dernier (dated), endly, terminal

Antonyms

Derived terms

Terms derived from the adjective or noun final

Translations

last; ultimate — see also last,‎ ultimate

Arabic:
Egyptian Arabic: آخر (āḵir)
Armenian: վերջին (hy) (verǰin), վերջնական (hy) (verǰnakan)
Bengali: শেষ (bn) (śeś), আখেরী (bn) (akheri)
Bulgarian: последен (bg) (posleden), заключителен (bg) (zaključitelen)
Catalan: final (ca) m or f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 最後 / 最后 (zh) (zuìhòu)
Czech: poslední (cs), konečný (cs)
Danish: endelig, endegyldig
Dutch: finaal (nl), laatste (nl), ultiem (nl), definitief (nl)
Esperanto: fina
Finnish: viimeinen (fi), lopullinen (fi)
French: dernier (fr), ultime (fr)
Galician: final (gl) m or f
German: endgültig (de), End (de)-, Schluss (de)-
Gothic: 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 (aftuma)
Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
Gujarati: છેલ્લું (gu) (chellũ)
Ancient: ἔσχατος (éskhatos), λοῖσθος (loîsthos)
Hindi: अंतिम (hi) (antim), अंत्य (hi) (antya), आखिर (hi) (ākhir)
Hungarian: végső (hu), utolsó (hu)
Ido: konkluziva (io)
Italian: ultimo (it) m
Japanese: 終わりの (ja) (owari no), 最後の (ja) (saigo no)
Kazakh: ақтық (aqtıq)
Latin: ultimus
Lithuanian: galuti̇̀nis (lt), finãlinis, paskuti̇̀nis
Luxembourgish: definitiv
Marathi: शेवटचे n (śevaṭce), शेवटचा m (śevaṭcā), शेवटची f (śevaṭcī), अंतिम (mr) (antim)
Norman: finnal
Old English: sīþmest
Persian: آخرین (fa), نهایی (fa)
Polish: ostatni (pl) m, końcowy (pl) m
Portuguese: último (pt), final (pt)
Russian: оконча́тельный (ru) (okončátelʹnyj), заключи́тельный (ru) (zaključítelʹnyj), фина́льный (ru) (finálʹnyj)
Scottish Gaelic: deireannach, mu dheireadh
Spanish: final (es), último (es)
Swedish: slutgiltig (sv)
Telugu: చివరి (te) (civari), ఆఖరు (te) (ākharu)
Vietnamese: cuối (vi), cuối cùng (vi)

conclusive; decisive

Armenian: վերջնական (hy) (verǰnakan)
Finnish: lopullinen (fi)
Greek: οριστικός (el) m (oristikós)
Hungarian: jogerős (hu)
Lithuanian: galuti̇̀nis (lt), lemiamas
Luxembourgish: endgülteg

respecting an end, purpose or ultimate end in view

Finnish: lopullinen (fi)

grammar: expressing purpose

Finnish: finaalinen
Hungarian: célhatározói

linguistics: occurring at the end of a word

Esperanto: fina
Finnish: loppu- (fi)
German: End-, Schluss-, Auslaut-
Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
Hungarian: szó végi
Latin: finalis
Polish: końcowy (pl)
Portuguese: final (pt)
Scottish Gaelic: deireannach
Swedish: ordfinal
Telugu: అంతం (te) (antaṁ)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

French: ^{(please verify)} final (fr)
Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} poslednje

Verb

final (third-person singular simple present finals, present participle (US) finaling or (UK) finalling, simple past and past participle (US) finaled or (UK) finalled)

(intransitive, sports, colloquial) To qualify for the final round of a competition.
Mike finalled in both the 400 meter and the 800 meter races.
- 2007 January 30, Archive Team, “A Day in the Life: Dennis Baker, Day 1”, in Swimming World‎^[1]:
  Early in his swimming career, Baker finaled in the 200 fly at both the 1980 and 1984 Olympic Trials and was a two-time Pacific 10 Champion in the event for the University of Arizona.
- 2009 October 5, Archive Team, “Swimming World Six Star Kasey Carlson Makes College Pledge”, in Swimming World‎^[2]:
  Last year, Carlson would have A finaled in the 100-yard breast (58.75) and B finaled in the 200-yard breast (2:09.66).
- 2011 September 1, Harry Pearson, “London 2012 can legacy by verbing the noun”, in The Guardian‎^[3]:
  Vocab-wise, medalling and PB-ing are now totally part-and-parcelled, and most experts in South Korea believe podiumed, finalled and all-comered are not far off lexiconing.
- 2021 January 17, Chandler Brandes, “UNC Snags Verbal from Sprinter Tyler Roberton of Tampa Bay Aquatics for 2022-23”, in Swimming World‎^[4]:
  In Summer 2019, he finaled in a pair of events at Gainesville Sectionals before going on to take 22nd in the 100m and 200m free at Greensboro Futures.

Related terms

Terms etymologically related to the adjective or noun final

Anagrams

Falin, alfin, flain

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin fīnālis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [fiˈnal]
Audio (Barcelona): (file)

Adjective

final m or f (masculine and feminine plural finals)

final
Synonyms: darrer, últim

Derived terms

finalment

Related terms

finalitat

Noun

final m (plural finals)

end (last point or moment of something)
Synonym: fi
finale (chronological conclusion of a series of narrative works)

Derived terms

Noun

final f (plural finals)

(sports, competitions) final, final round

Derived terms

finalista

Chinese

Etymology

From English final.

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): faai¹ nou²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faai¹ nou²
  - Yale: fāai nóu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faai¹ nou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fai¹ nou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːi̯⁵⁵ nou̯³⁵/

Noun

final

final; final examination

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Italian finale, from Latin fīnālis, from fīnis (“end”).

Noun

final

a final

Declension

Declension of *final*
nominative	final
genitive	finalnıñ
dative	finalğa
accusative	finalnı
locative	finalda
ablative	finaldan

Adjective

final

final

References

Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002), Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[5], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

French

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fi.nal/

Etymology 1

From Latin fīnālis.

Adjective

final (feminine finale, masculine plural finals or finaux, feminine plural finales)

final (last)
(linguistics, grammar) expressing purpose

Usage notes

Both finals and finaux exist as masculine plural forms, with finals being more common. Finaux is avoided when referring to persons, to avoid homonymy with the potentially insulting adjective finauds (“cunning”). [6]

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ Romanian: final
→ Turkish: final

Etymology 2

Semantic loan from Italian finale.

Noun

final m (plural finals)

(music) finale
Synonym: finale

German

Etymology

18th century, from Latin finālis, perhaps in part through French final. Recently revived to some degree by influence of English final.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fiˈnaːl/
Rhymes: -aːl
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Adjective

final (strong nominative masculine singular finaler, not comparable)

(grammar) final, expressing purpose
(higher register) final, conclusive, irrevocable (that which will not or cannot be changed anymore, sometimes implying death)
Synonyms: endgültig, abschließend, unwiderruflich, entscheidend, letztlich

der finale Wortlaut der Verträge ― the final wording of the contracts

das finale Krankheitsstadium ― the final stage of the illness

finaler Rettungsschuss ― deadly force (literally, “final [i.e. lethal] rescue shot”)
- 2020, Max-Emanuel Geis, Kommunalrecht. Ein Studienbuch, 5th edition, München: C.H. Beck, →ISBN, Sect. 3 Rn. 44, page 20:
  In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern wurde, auch aus Gründen der dünnen Besiedelung, die noch deutlich drastischere Reduzierung von zwölf auf sechs Landkreise und die Umwandlung von vier der sechs kreisfreien Städte zu Kreisstädten im Jahr 2011 durchgeführt. Auch hier blieben entsprechende Landesverfassungsbeschwerden final erfolglos.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(rare, pompous, chiefly anglicism) final, last
Synonym: letzter

die finalen Minuten vor dem großen Auftritt ― the final minutes before the big gig

Declension

Positive forms of final (uncomparable)

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist final	sie ist final	es ist final	sie sind final
strong declension (without article)	nominative	finaler	finale	finales	finale
	genitive	finalen	finaler	finalen	finaler
	dative	finalem	finaler	finalem	finalen
	accusative	finalen	finale	finales	finale
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der finale	die finale	das finale	die finalen
	genitive	des finalen	der finalen	des finalen	der finalen
	dative	dem finalen	der finalen	dem finalen	den finalen
	accusative	den finalen	die finale	das finale	die finalen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein finaler	eine finale	ein finales	(keine) finalen
	genitive	eines finalen	einer finalen	eines finalen	(keiner) finalen
	dative	einem finalen	einer finalen	einem finalen	(keinen) finalen
	accusative	einen finalen	eine finale	ein finales	(keine) finalen

Related terms

Finale

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French final (“final”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /final/

Adjective

final

final

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch finaal, from Middle French final, ultimately from Late Latin fīnālis.

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈfinal/ [ˈfi.nal]
Rhymes: -inal
Syllabification: fi‧nal

Noun

final (plural final-final)

Finale; a final conclusion, an end.

Adjective

final (comparative lebih final, superlative paling final)

Final; latest, last, ultimate.
Synonym: terakhir

Italian

Adjective

final (apocopated)

apocopic form of finale

Noun

final m

apocopic form of finale

Anagrams

fin là, flani, linfa

Ladin

Adjective

final m (feminine singular finala, masculine plural finai, feminine plural finales)

final

Old French

Adjective

final m (oblique and nominative feminine singular finale)

final, definitive, last

Declension

	Case	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	subject	finaus	finale	final
singular	oblique	final	finale		finale	final
plural	subject	final	finales		final
plural	oblique	finaus	finales		finales	final

Descendants

English: final
French: final

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin fīnālis, from fīnis. By surface analysis, fim +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /fiˈnaw/ [fiˈnaʊ̯]

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/ [fiˈnaɫ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fiˈna.li/

Audio (Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes: -al, -aw
Hyphenation: fi‧nal

Adjective

final m or f (plural finais)

final, ultimate, last
Synonyms: derradeiro, último
- 2013, Marcio Arribabenne, F(r) - A lógica da resolução das questões usando apenas multiplicação e divisão, Clube dos Autores, →ISBN, page 85:
  Seguindo o conceito de fração, calculamos 1/3 de 900, tendo como resultado a quantidade de 300 livros. Logo depois, calculamos 1/5 de 300 e obtemos a resposta final, de 60 livros. Lembrando que um terço e um quinto são sinônimos, respectivamente, de terça parte e quinta parte. Podemos escrever, matematicamente, que: 1/3 de 900 = 900:3 = 300 ==> 1/5 de 300 = 300:5 = 60.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

Noun

final m (plural finais)

end
Synonyms: fim, término
- 2006, Editora Sinodal, Celebrar Natal em família e comunidade, →ISBN, page 32:
  Participar de um amigo secreto realmente é bastante divertido, principalmente quando a turma é animada. Porém, no final da brincadeira, ganhar algo que não agrada pode ser decepcionante.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Noun

final f (plural finais)

(sports) final

Related terms

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French final, from Latin finalis. By surface analysis, fine +‎ -al.

Adjective

final m or n (feminine singular finală, masculine plural finali, feminine/neuter plural finale)

final

Declension

Declension of *final*
		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	final		finală	finali	finale
nominative- accusative	definite	finalul		finala	finalii	finalele
genitive- dative	indefinite	final		finale	finali	finale
genitive- dative	definite	finalului		finalei	finalilor	finalelor

Related terms

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

final m inan (Cyrillic spelling финал)

(linguistics) final (last letter of word)
(sports) final

Declension

Declension of *final*
	singular	plural
nominative	final	finali
genitive	finala	finala
dative	finalu	finalima
accusative	final	finale
vocative	finale	finali
locative	finalom	finalima
instrumental	finalu	finalima

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin fīnis

Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-

Proto-Indo-European *-is

Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?

Proto-Italic *-ālis

Latin -ālis

Latin fīnālis

Spanish final

From Latin fīnālis. By surface analysis, fin + -al.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/ [fiˈnal]
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: fi‧nal

Adjective

final m or f (masculine and feminine plural finales, superlative finalísimo)

final (last, ultimate)
Synonym: último
final (conclusive, decisive)
Synonym: concluyente

Derived terms

Noun

final m (plural finales)

end (the terminal point of something in space or time)
Synonyms: fin, término

Derived terms

Noun

final f (plural finales)

(also sports) final (the last round, game or match in a contest, after which the winner is determined)

Derived terms

Related terms

Swedish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fɪˈnɑːl/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian finale and French final from Latin finālis, from fīnis + -ālis.

Noun

final c

a finale

Declension

Declension of **final**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	final	finals
singular	definite	finalen	finalens
plural	indefinite	finaler	finalers
plural	definite	finalerna	finalernas

Adjective

final (not comparable)

(grammar) final, expressing purpose

Declension

Inflection of **final**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	final	mer final	mest final
neuter singular	finalt	mer finalt	mest finalt
plural	finala	mer finala	mest finala
masculine plural²	finale	mer finala	mest finala

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	finale	mer finale	mest finale
all	finala	mer finala	mest finala

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English final.

Noun

final c

(sports) a final

Declension

Declension of **final**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	final	finals
singular	definite	finalen	finalens
plural	indefinite	finaler	finalers
plural	definite	finalerna	finalernas

Derived terms

Anagrams

flina

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from French final.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/
Hyphenation: fi‧nal

Noun

final (definite accusative finali, plural finaller)

the end
(education) the final exam
(music) finale
(sports) in tournaments: the last contest

Declension

Declension of final

	singular	plural
nominative	final	finaller
definite accusative	finali	finalleri
dative	finale	finallere
locative	finalde	finallerde
ablative	finalden	finallerden
genitive	finalin	finallerin

Possessive forms
nominative
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalim	finallerim
2nd singular	finalin	finallerin
3rd singular	finali	finalleri
1st plural	finalimiz	finallerimiz
2nd plural	finaliniz	finalleriniz
3rd plural	finalleri	finalleri
definite accusative
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalimi	finallerimi
2nd singular	finalini	finallerini
3rd singular	finalini	finallerini
1st plural	finalimizi	finallerimizi
2nd plural	finalinizi	finallerinizi
3rd plural	finallerini	finallerini
dative
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalime	finallerime
2nd singular	finaline	finallerine
3rd singular	finaline	finallerine
1st plural	finalimize	finallerimize
2nd plural	finalinize	finallerinize
3rd plural	finallerine	finallerine
locative
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalimde	finallerimde
2nd singular	finalinde	finallerinde
3rd singular	finalinde	finallerinde
1st plural	finalimizde	finallerimizde
2nd plural	finalinizde	finallerinizde
3rd plural	finallerinde	finallerinde
ablative
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalimden	finallerimden
2nd singular	finalinden	finallerinden
3rd singular	finalinden	finallerinden
1st plural	finalimizden	finallerimizden
2nd plural	finalinizden	finallerinizden
3rd plural	finallerinden	finallerinden
genitive
	singular	plural
1st singular	finalimin	finallerimin
2nd singular	finalinin	finallerinin
3rd singular	finalinin	finallerinin
1st plural	finalimizin	finallerimizin
2nd plural	finalinizin	finallerinizin
3rd plural	finallerinin	finallerinin

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Crimean Tatar

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