μακρός

See also: μάκρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *makrós, from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós, from *meh₂ḱ- (“to increase”). By surface analysis, μῆκος (mêkos) +‎ -ρός (-rós). Cognates include Latin macer and Old English mæġer.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ma.krós/ → /maˈkros/ → /maˈkros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ma.krós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (10^th CE Medieval) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/

Adjective

μᾰκρός • (măkrós) m (feminine μᾰκρᾱ́, neuter μᾰκρόν); first/second declension

1. long

   Antonym: βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s)

2. tall; deep
3. far; distant
4. large
5. (time) long
6. (grammar, of vowels) long

Declension

First and second declension of μᾰκρός; μᾰκρᾱ́; μᾰκρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μᾰκρός măkrós	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Genitive		μᾰκροῦ măkroû	μᾰκρᾶς măkrâs	μᾰκροῦ măkroû		μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn		μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn
Dative		μᾰκρῷ măkrōî	μᾰκρᾷ măkrāî	μᾰκρῷ măkrōî		μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn		μᾰκροῖς măkroîs	μᾰκραῖς măkraîs	μᾰκροῖς măkroîs
Accusative		μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρᾱ́ν măkrā́n	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκρούς măkroús	μᾰκρᾱ́ς măkrā́s	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Vocative		μᾰκρέ măkré	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		μᾰκρῶς măkrôs				μᾰκρότερος μᾰ́σσων măkróteros mắssōn				μᾰκρότᾰτος μήκῐστος măkrótătos mḗkĭstos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of μᾰκρός; μᾰκρή; μᾰκρόν (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μᾰκρός măkrós	μᾰκρή măkrḗ	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Genitive		μᾰκροῖο μᾰκροῦ măkroîo măkroû	μᾰκρῆς măkrês	μᾰκροῖο μᾰκροῦ măkroîo măkroû		μᾰκροῖῐ̈ν măkroîĭ̈n	μᾰκραῖῐ̈ν măkraîĭ̈n	μᾰκροῖῐ̈ν măkroîĭ̈n		μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρᾱ́ων μᾰκρέων μᾰκρῶν măkrā́ōn măkréōn măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn
Dative		μᾰκρῷ măkrōî	μᾰκρῇ măkrēî	μᾰκρῷ măkrōî		μᾰκροῖῐ̈ν măkroîĭ̈n	μᾰκραῖῐ̈ν măkraîĭ̈n	μᾰκροῖῐ̈ν măkroîĭ̈n		μᾰκροῖσῐ μᾰκροῖσῐν μᾰκροῖς măkroîsĭ(n) măkroîs	μᾰκρῇσῐ μᾰκρῇσῐν μᾰκρῇς μᾰκραῖς măkrēîsĭ(n) măkrēîs măkraîs	μᾰκροῖσῐ μᾰκροῖσῐν μᾰκροῖς măkroîsĭ(n) măkroîs
Accusative		μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρήν măkrḗn	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκρούς măkroús	μᾰκρᾱ́ς măkrā́s	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Vocative		μᾰκρέ măkré	μᾰκρή măkrḗ	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		μᾰκρῶς măkrôs				μᾰ́σσων μᾰκρότερος mắssōn măkróteros				μήκῐστος μᾰκρότᾰτος mḗkĭstos măkrótătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First and second declension of μᾰκρός; μᾰκρή; μᾰκρόν (Ionic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μᾰκρός măkrós	μᾰκρή măkrḗ	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Genitive		μᾰκροῦ măkroû	μᾰκρῆς măkrês	μᾰκροῦ măkroû		μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn		μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρέων μᾰκρῶν măkréōn măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn
Dative		μᾰκρῷ măkrōî	μᾰκρῇ măkrēî	μᾰκρῷ măkrōî		μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn		μᾰκροῖσῐ μᾰκροῖσῐν măkroîsĭ(n)	μᾰκρῇσῐ μᾰκρῇσῐν măkrēîsĭ(n)	μᾰκροῖσῐ μᾰκροῖσῐν măkroîsĭ(n)
Accusative		μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρήν măkrḗn	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκρούς măkroús	μᾰκρᾱ́ς măkrā́s	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Vocative		μᾰκρέ măkré	μᾰκρή măkrḗ	μᾰκρόν măkrón		μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ		μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		μᾰκρῶς măkrôs				μᾰκρότερος măkróteros				μᾰκρότᾰτος μήκῐστος măkrótătos mḗkĭstos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• δῐᾰ̀ μᾰκροῦ (dĭằ măkroû)
• ἐπῐ̀ μᾰκρόν (epĭ̀ măkrón)
• ἐπῐ̀ τᾰ̀ μᾰκρότερᾰ (epĭ̀ tằ măkróteră)
• μᾰκρᾰ́ (măkrắ)
• μᾰκρᾱ́ (măkrā́)
• μᾰκραίων (măkraíōn)
• μᾰκρᾱ́ν (măkrā́n)
• μᾰκραύχην (măkraúkhēn)
• μᾰκρηγορέω (măkrēgoréō)
• μᾰκρηγορῐ́ᾱ (măkrēgorĭ́ā)
• μᾰκρόβῐος (măkróbĭos)
• μᾰκροβῐότης (măkrobĭótēs)
• μᾰκρογόγγῠλος (măkrogóngŭlos)
• μᾰ́κροθεν (mắkrothen)
• μᾰκροθῡμέω (măkrothūméō)
• μᾰκροθῡμῐ́ᾱ (măkrothūmĭ́ā)
• μᾰκρόθῡμος (măkróthūmos)
• μᾰκροκέφᾰλος (măkroképhălos)
• μᾰκρολογέω (măkrologéō)
• μᾰκρολογῐ́ᾱ (măkrologĭ́ā)
• μᾰκρολόγος (măkrológos)
• μᾰκρόν (măkrón)
• μᾰκρόν ἐστῐ(ν) (măkrón estĭ(n))
• μᾰκρόουρος (măkróouros)
• μᾰκρότᾰτος (măkrótătos)
• μᾰκρότερος (măkróteros)
• μᾰκροτέρως (măkrotérōs)
• μᾰκρότης (măkrótēs)
• μᾰκρότομος (măkrótomos)
• μᾰκρότονος (măkrótonos)
• μᾰκροτρᾰ́χηλος (măkrotrắkhēlos)
• μᾰκρῡ́νω (măkrū́nō)
• μᾰκρῠ́ς (măkrŭ́s)
• μᾰκρῷ (măkrōî)
• μᾰ́κρων (mắkrōn)
• μᾰκρῶς (măkrôs)
• μᾰ́σσων (mắssōn)
• ῠ̔πόμᾰκρος (hŭpómăkros)

Related terms

• μᾱκῐ́ζω (mākĭ́zō)
• μᾱκῐστήρ (mākĭstḗr)
• μᾱκῡ́νω (mākū́nō)
• μηκῐ́ζω (mēkĭ́zō)
• μῆκος (mêkos)
• μηκῡ́νω (mēkū́nō)

Descendants

• English: macro-, macron (via μακρόν (makrón))
• Latin: macrochaeta

Further reading

• “μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “μακρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “μακρός” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• μακρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “μακρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3117 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ample idem, page 28.
  • big idem, page 78.
  • capacious idem, page 111.
  • circuitous idem, page 132.
  • commodious idem, page 148.
  • distant idem, page 240.
  • extensive idem, page 296.
  • far idem, page 306.
  • great idem, page 372.
  • lank idem, page 476.
  • large idem, page 476.
  • lengthy idem, page 485.
  • lingering idem, page 493.
  • livelong idem, page 496.
  • long idem, page 498.
  • long-winded idem, page 498.
  • palatial idem, page 589.
  • prolix idem, page 653.
  • prolong idem, page 653.
  • remote idem, page 694.
  • roundabout idem, page 723.
  • spacious idem, page 797.
  • tedious idem, page 859.
  • verbose idem, page 948.
  • voluminous idem, page 956.
  • windy idem, page 981.
  • wordy idem, page 988.
• μακρός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011