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些

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
些 U+4E9B, 些
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9B
← 亚
[U+4E9A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 亜 →
[U+4E9C]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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些 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 卜心一一 (YPMM), four-corner 21101, composition ⿱此二)

Derived characters

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Additional derived characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 268
  • Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1441, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+4E9B

Chinese

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trad. 些
simp. # 些
alternative forms 㱔

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 些
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
s01200
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (此) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
些 *saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs
跐 *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ
柴 *zreː
祡 *zreː
茈 *zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze
眦 *zreːs
砦 *zraːds
寨 *zraːds, *slɯːɡ
啙 *ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ
泚 *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ
玼 *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze
皉 *sʰeːʔ
鮆 *zeːʔ, *ʔse
眥 *zeːs, *zes
貲 *ʔse
髭 *ʔse
頾 *ʔse
訾 *ʔse, *ʔseʔ
鴜 *ʔse, *ze
鈭 *ʔse, *sʰe
姕 *ʔse, *sʰe, *ze
觜 *ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ
紫 *ʔseʔ
訿 *ʔseʔ
呰 *ʔseʔ
嘴 *ʔseʔ
雌 *sʰe
此 *sʰeʔ
佌 *sʰeʔ, *seʔ
庛 *sʰes
疵 *ze
骴 *ze, *zes
胔 *ze, *zes
飺 *ze
齜 *ʔsre

Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sia - literary;
  • se - vernacular.
Note:
  • xia1 - vernacular;
  • xie - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 些
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
    Harbin /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /ɕie²¹/
    Jinan /ɕiə²¹³/
    Qingdao /siə²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /siɛ⁵³/
    Xi'an /ɕiɛ²¹/
    Xining /ɕi⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ɕie⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /ɕiə³¹/
    Ürümqi /ɕiɤ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /ɕie⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /ɕi⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /ɕie⁵⁵/
    Kunming /ɕiɛ³¹/
    Nanjing /sie²¹²/
    Hefei /sz̩²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
    Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
    Hohhot /ɕie³¹/ 一～
    /ɕiəʔ⁴³/ 這～
    Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
    Suzhou /si⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /ɕi³³/
    Wenzhou /sei³³/
    Hui Shexian /se³¹/
    Tunxi /se¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /sie³³/
    /sia³³/
    Xiangtan /siɒ³³/
    Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛʔ⁵/ 訓讀
    Hakka Meixian /sia⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /siɑ¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sɛ⁵³/
    Nanning /ɬɛ⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /sɛ⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sia⁵⁵/
    /se⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sie⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /siɛ²¹/
    Shantou (Teochew) /sẽ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /nai³⁵/
    Rime
    Character 些
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 麻 (100)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 寫邪切
    Baxter sjae
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sia/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/sia/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sia/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sia/
    Li
    Rong         		/sia/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭa/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/si̯a/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiē
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		se1
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 些
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 1686
    Phonetic
    component         		此
    Rime
    group         		歌
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		些
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sjaːl/

    Definitions

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    些

    1. some; a few; a little; a bit (an indefinite amount)
      吃些肉  ―  chī xiē ròu  ―  to eat some meat
      一些都沒有／一些都没有  ―  yī xiē dōu méiyǒu  ―  not even a bit
    2. (adverbs after adjectives and certain verbs) a bit; a bit more
      走快些  ―  zǒu kuài xiē  ―  to walk a little faster
    3. (Southwestern Mandarin) Used after a noun to indicate plural number.
      書些／书些 [Sichuanese]  ―  su1 xi1 [Sichuanese Pinyin]  ―  books
    4. rather; somewhat
    5. (archaic) A modal particle.

    Synonyms

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    Dialectal synonyms of 些 (“some, a few”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 些
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 些
    Singapore 些
    Cantonese Guangzhou 啲
    Hong Kong 啲
    Taishan 尼
    Singapore (Guangfu) 啲
    Hakka Meixian 兜
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 兜
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 兜
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 兜
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 兜
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 兜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 兜
    Southern Min Xiamen 寡
    Zhangzhou 寡
    Tainan 寡
    Singapore (Hokkien) 寡
    Manila (Hokkien) 寡
    Shantou 撮
    Jieyang 撮
    Singapore (Teochew) 撮
    Wu Shanghai 眼, 點, 些 formal or Mandarin-influenced
    Wenzhou 厘兒

    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation

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    Rime
    Character 些 些
    Reading # 3/3 2/3
    Initial (聲) 心 (16) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 歌 (94) 齊 (39)
    Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) I IV
    Fanqie 蘇箇切 蘇計切
    Baxter saH sejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɑH/ /seiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/sɑH/ /seiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sɑH/ /sɛiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/saH/ /sɛjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/sɑH/ /seiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sɑH/ /sieiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/sɑH/ /sieiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		suò xì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		so3 sai3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 些 些
    Reading # 1/3 3/3
    No. 1685 1701
    Phonetic
    component         		此 此
    Rime
    group         		歌 支
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		些 細
    Old
    Chinese         		/*saːls/ /*seːs/
    Notes 見招魂

    Definitions

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    些

    1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A modal particle.
    2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, synecdochic) fu (poetry)
    3. (historical dictionaries only) can; be able to
    4. (historical dictionaries only) what
    5. (historical dictionaries only) this

    Compounds

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    Etymology 3

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    些

    1. (historical dictionaries only) to decrease

    Etymology 4

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    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    些

    1. only used in 麼些 / 么些 (Mósuō, “Mosuo”).

    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    些

    (Jinmeiyō kanji)

    1. a few, a little; some
    2. sometimes

    Readings

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    • Go-on: さ (sa)
    • Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
    • Kun: いささか (isasaka, 些か)

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    些 (eum 사 (sa))

    1. little

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    些: Hán Việt readings: ta[1][2][3]
    些: Nôm readings: ta[2][3][4][5][6], tá[7]

    1. chữ Nôm form of ta (“I; me; we; us”)
      𠊚些吶 ― người ta nói ― it is said that
      羅𧵑衆些 ― là của chúng ta ― it's ours; it's our possession (something belonging to everybody involved)
      嬰些 ― anh ta ― our brother; our man
      𠄩些 ― hai ta ― two of us; both of us
      𠀧些 ― ba ta ― three of us
      • 1820, 阮攸 [Nguyễn Du], compiled by Liễu Văn Đường, 傳翹 [Truyện Kiều], published 1866, line 1:
        𤾓(trăm)𢆥(năm)𥪞(trong)揆(cõi)𠊛(người)些(ta)
        A hundred years in the realm of humanity

    Compounds

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    References

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    1. ^ Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Trần (2004).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    4. ^ Bonet (1899).
    5. ^ Génibrel (1898).
    6. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
    7. ^ Hồ (1976).
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