Glaucus

Glaucus
Greek water deities (en)
Bayanai
Jinsi	namiji
Sunan asali	Γλαῦκος
Suna	Glaucus (en)
Uba	Polybus of Sicyon (en) , Anthedon (en) da Poseidōn (mul)
Uwa	Euboea (en) , Alcyone (en) da naiad (en)
Yarinya/yaro	Deiphobe (en)
Relative (en)	Glaucus of Carystus (en)

A cikin tatsuniyoyin Helenanci, Glaucus Tsohon Helenanci: , , lit. 'haskakawa', 'haskaka' ko 'haskaka' allahn teku ne na Helenanci, an haife shi mai mutuwa kuma ya zama marar mutuwa bayan ya ci ganyen sihiri. An yi imanin cewa ya zo ne don ceto ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da masunta a cikin guguwa, bayan da ya sami rayuwa daga teku da kansa.

Iyali

Iyayen Glaucus sun bambanta a cikin al'adu daban-daban: i Nereus; ii Copeus; iii Polybus, ɗan Hermes, da Euboea, 'yar Larymnus; iv Anthedon da Alcyone; ko Poseidon da nymph Naïs

Labaran Tarihi

Asalin

Labarin apotheosis na Glaucus ya yi bayani dalla-dalla ta Ovid a cikin Metamorphoses kuma wasu marubuta da yawa sun yi amfani da shi a takaice. A cewar Ovid, Glaucus ya fara rayuwarsa a matsayin mai kamun kifi mai mutuwa da ke zaune a birnin Boeotian na Anthedon. Ya sami ganye mai sihiri wanda zai iya dawo da kifin da ya kama zuwa rayuwa, kuma ya yanke shawarar gwada cin shi. Shuka ya sa ya zama marar mutuwa, amma kuma ya sa ya girma a maimakon makamai da wutsiya ta kifi maimakon kafafu ko da yake wasu sassan sun ce kawai ya zama kamar merman, ya tilasta masa ya zauna har abada a cikin teku. Da farko Glaucus ya yi fushi da wannan sakamako, amma Oceanus da Tethys sun karbe shi sosai kuma an yarda da shi cikin sauri tsakanin alloli na teku, suna koyon daga gare su fasahar annabci.

John Tzetzes ya kara da labarin da ke sama cewa Glaucus ya zama "marar mutuwa, amma ba rigakafi ga tsufa ba".

A wani nau'i na daban, wanda ba ya wanzu wanda aka ambata a cikin Athenaeus tare da ambaton Tarihin Aetolian na Nicander, Glaucus ya bi zomo a Dutsen Oreia har sai dabbar ta fadi kusan mutuwa, sannan ta ɗauki ganimar ta zuwa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa kuma ta shafa shi da tarin ciyawa da ke girma. Shuka ta dawo da zomo zuwa rayuwa. Daga nan Glaucus ya ɗanɗana shi da kansa kuma ya fada cikin yanayin "hauka na allahntaka", wanda a cikin yanayin Zeus ya sa ya jefa kansa cikin teku mai guguwa.

Athenaeus ya kuma sanar da cewa a cikin wani sigar da Possis na Magnesia ya biyo baya, Glaucus maimakon Argus shine mai ginawa da matukin jirgi na Argo. A lokacin yakin basasa tsakanin Argonauts da Etruscans, ya fada cikin teku kuma ta hanyar nufin Zeus ya zama allahn teku.

Itacen

Alexander the Aetolian, wanda aka ambata a cikin Athenaeus, ya ba da labarin cewa ganyen sihiri ya girma a tsibirin Thrinacia mai tsarki ga Helios kuma ya zama magani ga gajiya ga dawakai na allahn rana. Aeschrion na Samos ya sanar da cewa an san shi da "ƙashin kare" kuma an yi imanin cewa Cronus ne ya shuka shi.

Ayyukan annabci

Athenaeus, yana magana ne game da Tsarin Mulki na Aristotle na Delos, ya ba da labarin cewa Glaucus ya zauna a Delos tare da Nereids kuma zai ba da annabce-annabce ga duk wanda ya nemi su. Ya kuma ambaci, a wannan lokacin tare da ambaton Nicander, cewa an yi imanin cewa Apollo ya koyi fasahar annabci daga Glaucus.

Mai ba da shawara ga ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa

Diodorus Siculus da Philostratus the Elder sun bayyana gamuwa da Glaucus tare da Argonauts . Lokacin da aka kama Argonauts a cikin guguwa, Orpheus ya yi jawabi ga Cabeiroi da addu'a; iska ta daina, kuma Glaucus ya bayyana. Ya bi Argo na kwana biyu kuma ya yi annabci ga Heracles da Dioscuri abubuwan da suka faru a nan gaba da kuma allahntaka. Ya yi magana da sauran mambobin ma'aikatan da kansu, musamman yana lura da cewa an aiko shi zuwa gare su saboda godiya ga addu'ar Orpheus, kuma yana umurni su ci gaba da yin addu'a ga Cabeiroi. A cikin fassarar Apollonius Rhodius, Glaucus ya bayyana a lokacin da Telamon ya yi jayayya da Jason game da Heracles da Polyphemus da aka bar a bakin tekun Bithynia inda Hylas ya ɓace. Glaucus ya sulhunta su biyu ta hanyar sanar da su cewa an umurce shi da Heracles ya koma kotun Eurystheus kuma ya kammala aikinsa na goma sha biyu, kuma Polyphemus ya sami Cius, yayin da wata yarinya ta sace Hylas kuma ta auri ta. Dubi. kuma a sama don sigar da ta sanya Glaucus Argonaut da kansa.

A cikin wasan kwaikwayon Euripides Orestes, Glaucus ya bayyana a gaban Menelaus a kan tafiyar da ya yi gida, yana sanar da shi mutuwar ɗan'uwansa Agamemnon da hannun Clytaemnestra.

Rayuwar soyayya

A cewar Ovid da Hyginus, Glaucus ya ƙaunaci kyakkyawar yarinya Scylla kuma yana son ta ga matarsa, amma ta firgita da siffofin kifinsa kuma ta gudu zuwa ƙasa lokacin da ya yi ƙoƙarin kusantar ta. Ya nemi maƙaryaci Circe don maganin da zai sa Scylla ya ƙaunace shi, amma Circe ya ƙaunace su a maimakon haka. Ta yi ƙoƙari ta sami zuciyarsa da kalmomin da ta fi sha'awa da ƙauna, tana gaya masa ya raina Scylla kuma ya zauna tare da ita. Amma ya amsa cewa itatuwa za su girma a ƙarƙashin teku kuma albasa za su girma akan dutse mafi girma kafin ya daina ƙaunar Scylla. A cikin fushinta, Circe ta sa guba a tafkin inda Scylla ta wanke, ta canza ta zuwa mummunan dodon da ke da ƙafa goma sha biyu da kawuna shida.

Euanthes da Theolytus na Methymna sun kuma rubuta wani al'amari tsakanin Glaucus da Ariadne: a cewar Athenaeus wanda ya ambaci waɗannan marubutan, Glaucus ya yaudari Ariadne yayin da Theseus ya watsar da ita a Dia Naxos. Dionysus ya yi yaƙi da Glaucus a kan Ariadne kuma ya rinjaye shi, ya ɗaure hannunsa da ƙafafunsa da itacen inabi; duk da haka, ya saki Glaucus lokacin da ya bayyana sunansa da asalinsa.

A cewar Mnaseas, wanda Athenaeus ya ambata a cikin Deipnosophistae, Glaucus ya sanya sunan tsibirin Syme bayan matarsa, lokacin da suka zauna a tsibirin; a cewar Aeschrion na Samos, Glaucos ya kasance mai ƙaunar Hydne na tarihi.

An ruwaito cewa Glaucus yana da masoya maza: Nicander a cikin Europia ya ambaci Nereus a matsayin daya, yayin da Hedylus na Samos ko Athens ya rubuta cewa saboda soyayya ga Melicertes ne Glaucus ya jefa kansa cikin teku. Duk da haka bisa ga Nicanor na Cyrene's Change of Names, Glaucus da Melicertes da aka yi wa allahntaka guda ɗaya ne.

Ba a san ko Glaucus yana da yara ba, amma Pausanias ya ambaci Glaucus na Carystus a matsayin wanda ake zargi da zuriyar Glaucus allahn teku. Virgil da alama ya nuna Cumaean Sibyl, Deiphobe, a matsayin 'yar Glaucus.

A cikin wani waka na iambic, Aeschrion na Samos ya ba da labarin cewa Glaucus ya ƙaunaci Hydne, 'yar Scyllus, sanannen mai nutsewa daga Scione.

Bayanan al'adu

• Aeschylus ya rubuta wani wasa a kan Glaucus, mai taken Glaucus Pontius ("Glaucus na Tekun"), yanzu ya ɓace. Wani aiki mai suna Glaucus kuma na Callimachus ne (ba a san abin da Glaucus shine batun sa ba).
• A cikin Littafin X na Jamhuriyar Plato (611C-D) inda aka kwatanta jikin Glaucus mai lalacewa, wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ciyawa, duwatsu, da barnacles, da rai da ke fama da kowane irin mugunta.
• Marubucin Roman Velleius Paterculus ya ambaci Plancus, wanda ya taka rawar Glaucus a wani biki.
• Scylla da Glaucus, wani wasan kwaikwayo na Jean-Marie Leclair, ya dogara ne akan tatsuniyar ƙaunar Glaucus ga Scylla da aka rubuta a cikin Ovid.
• A cikin Littafin 3 na "Endymion" na John Keats an sake ba da labarin Glaucus da Circe.

Bayanan da aka ambata

• Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica wanda Robert Cooper Seaton ya fassara (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. [Hasiya] Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Athenaeus na Naucratis, The Deipnosophists ko Banquet of the Learned . London. Henry G. Bohn, titin York, Covent Garden. 1854. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Athenaeus na Naucratis, Deipnosophistae. Kaibel A cikin Aedibus B.G. Teubneri . Lipsiae. 1887. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Diodorus Siculus, Laburaren Tarihi wanda Charles Henry Oldfather ya fassara. Littattafai goma sha biyu. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Fashewa. 3. Littattafai 4.59-8. Shafin yanar gizo a shafin yanar gizon Bill Thayer
• [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Bibliotheca Historica. Jirgin sama 1-2. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. a cikin aedibus B. G. Teubneri . Leipzig 1888–1890. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Euripides, The Complete Greek Drama, wanda Whitney J. Oates da Eugene O'Neill Jr. suka shirya a cikin kundi biyu. 2. Orestes, wanda Robert Potter ya fassara. Birnin New York Gidan Random. 1938. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Euripides, Euripidis Fabulae. tashi. 3. Gilbert Murray Oxford. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 1913. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Gaius Julius Hyginus, Fabulae daga The Myths of Hyginus wanda Mary Grant ta fassara kuma ta shirya. Jami'ar Kansas Littattafai a cikin Nazarin Dan Adam. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Maurus Servius Honoratus, A cikin Vergilii carmina commentarii . . Servii Grammatici wanda ke da alaƙa a cikin Vergilii carmina commentarii; mai ƙididdigar Georgius Thilo da Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo Leipzig B. G. Teubner. 1881. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Nonnus na Panopolis, Dionysiaca wanda William Henry Denham Rouse (1863-1950), ya fassara, daga ɗakin karatu na Loeb, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1940. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Nonnus na Panopolis, Dionysiaca. . 3 Fashewa. W.H.D. Rouse. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9], Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1940-1942. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Pausanias, Bayani na Girka tare da Fassarar Turanci ta W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., da kuma H.A. Ormerod, MA, a cikin 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library
• Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. Jirgin sama uku. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 1903. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Philostratus Mai Girma. Imagines, wanda Arthur Fairbanks (1864-1944) ya fassara. Loeb Classical Library Volume 256. London: William Heinemann, 1931. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Philostratus the Lemnian (Philostratus Major), Flavii Philostrati Opera. . Jirgin Sama na 2. Carl Ludwig Kayser. a cikin aedibus B. G. Teubneri . Lipsiae. 1871. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Ovidius Naso, Metamorphoses wanda Brookes More ya fassara (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Hugo Magnus Gotha, Jamus An dafa shi. Andr. Farashinsa. 1892. Rubutun Latin yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Ovidius Naso, Wasikun Ovid.. London. J. Nunn, Babban Sarauniya-Street; R. Priestly, 143, High-Holborn; R. Lea, Greek-Streat, Soho; da J. Rodwell, New-Bond-Streed. 1813. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Papinius Statius, Thebaid wanda John Henry Mozley ya fassara. Loeb Classical Library Littattafai. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Publius Papinius Statius, Thebaid. Jirgin Sama na I-II. John Henry Mozley London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1928. Rubutun Latin yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Vergilius Maro, Bucolics, Aeneid, da Georgics. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. Rubutun Latin yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Smith, William (ed.) Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology . Fashewa. Na biyu. Landan, 1867. - shafi na 275