Socotra
| Socotra | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
Height above mean sea level (en)  | 1,503 m |
| Tsawo | 132 km |
| Fadi | 50 km |
| Yawan fili | 3,796 km² |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 12°31′N 53°55′E / 12.51°N 53.92°E |
| Bangare na |
Socotra Archipelago (en) |
| Kasa |
Yemen da Hadhramaut Governorate (en) |
| Territory |
Socotra Archipelago Governorate (en) |
| Flanked by | Tekun Larabawa |
| Ƙasantuwa a yanayin ƙasa |
Socotra Archipelago (en) |
| Hydrography (en) | |
Socotra, [lower-alpha 1] da aka fi sani da Saqatri, [lower-alpha 2] tsibiri ne na Yemen a Tekun Indiya . Yana tsakanin Tekun Aden, Tashar Guardafui da Tekun Arabiya, kuma yana kusa da manyan hanyoyin jigilar kaya. Mafi girma daga cikin tsibirai shida a cikin tarin tsibiran Socotra, ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 95% na faɗin tsibirin. Yana da nisan 380 kilometres (210 nmi) kudu da Tsibirin Larabawa da kuma 232 km (125 nmi) gabashin yankin kusurwar Afirka . [1] Ana kiran mazauna tsibirin Socotrans, kuma suna jin Larabci da Soqotri .
Socotra ba kasafai take karbar bakuncin nau'ikan halittu masu yawa ba; kashi daya bisa uku na rayuwar tsirrai ba a samun su a wani wuri a Duniya. Saboda yanayin kasa na tsibirin, an bayyana shi a matsayin "wuri mafi kama da baƙo a Duniya". [2] Tsibirin yana da fadin 132 km (82 mi) a tsayi da 42 km (26 mi) a fadinsa mafi faɗi. [3] A shekara ta 2008, an amince da Socotra a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na Duniya na UNESCO .
Asalin Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ra'ayoyin masana sun bambanta game da asalin sunan tsibirin. Wata ka'ida ita ce kalmar Socotra na iya samowa daga sunan Girkanci wanda aka samo daga sunan wata ƙabilar Larabawa ta Kudu da aka ambata a cikin rubuce-rubucen Sabaic da Ḥaḍramitic kamar Dhū-Śakūrid ( ). [4] Wata ka'ida kuma ita ce kalmar Larabci Suqutra ta kasu kamar haka: suq yana nufin 'kasuwa', kuma qutra wani nau'i ne na qatir mara kyau, wanda ke nufin jinin dodo . Babban birnin Socotra shine Suq kamar yadda 'yan Portugal suka ruwaito a ƙarni na 16, wanda suka kira shi kasuwa .
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Da farko akwai al'adar gargajiya ta Oldowan a Socotra. An sami kayan aikin dutse na Oldowan a yankin da ke kewaye da Hadibo a shekarar 2008. [5]
Tsohon zamani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Socotra ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin cinikin ƙasashen duniya na da kuma bayyana a matsayin Dioskouridou (Διοσκουρίδου νῆσος), ma'ana "tsibirin Dioscurides " a cikin Periplus na Tekun Erythraean, wani taimakon kewayawa na Girka na ƙarni na farko AD.
Kogon Hoq ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na rubuce-rubuce, zane-zane da abubuwan tarihi. Ƙarin bincike ya nuna cewa matuƙan jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka ziyarci tsibirin sun bar waɗannan tsakanin ƙarni na farko kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa da ƙarni na shida bayan haihuwar Annabi Isa. An rubuta rubutun a cikin harsunan Brāhmī na Indiya, Larabci na Kudu, Habasha, Girkanci, Palmyrene da Bactrian . Wannan tarin rubuce-rubuce da zane-zane kusan 250 ya ƙunshi ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin binciken hanyoyin cinikayyar Tekun Indiya a wannan lokacin.
Tsakiyar Zamani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 880, wata rundunar sojojin Aksumite ta mamaye tsibirin, kuma aka tsarkake wani bishop na Orthodox na Gabas . Daga baya aka kori Habashawa da wani babban runduna da Imam Al-Salt bin Malik na Oman ya aiko. [6] A cewar masanin ilimin ƙasa na Farisa Ibn al-Mujawir, wanda ya shaida cewa ya isa Socotra daga Indiya a shekara ta 1222, akwai ƙungiyoyi biyu na mutane a tsibirin, mazauna tsaunuka na asali da mazauna bakin teku na ƙasashen waje. Akwai manyan matsugunan 'yan kasuwa 'yan Indiya daga Sindh da Balochistan . [7]
Farkon Zamani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 1507, wani jirgin ruwan Portugal karkashin jagorancin Tristao da Cunha tare da Afonso de Albuquerque ya sauka a Suq suka kwace tashar jiragen ruwa bayan wani yaƙi mai tsauri da suka yi da Sarkin Mahra . Manufarsu ita ce kafa sansani a wani wuri mai mahimmanci a kan hanyar zuwa Indiya. Rashin tashar jiragen ruwa mai kyau da rashin haihuwa a ƙasar ya haifar da yunwa da rashin lafiya a sansanin sojojin, kuma Turawan Portugal sun yi watsi da tsibirin a shekara ta 1511. Sarakunan Mahra sun kwace ikon tsibirin, kuma mazauna suka musulunta .
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ /səˈkoʊtrə, soʊ-, ˈsɒkətrə/; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist. Samfuri:Transliteration
- ↑ Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.
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- ↑ Brown & Mies 2012.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Abrams, Avi (4 September 2008). "The Most Alien-Looking Place on Earth". DarkRoastedBlend.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
- ↑ "Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Ancient South Arabia through History". www.cambridgescholars.com. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 2020-02-20.
As for Śakūrid (S³krd), this name appears to be the basis of the Greek name for Soqoṭrā, Dioskouridēs, via a reconstructed *Dhū-Śakūrid.12
- ↑ Zhukov, Valery A. (2014), The Results of Research of the Stone Age Sites in the Island of Socotra (Yemen) in 2008–2012. – Moscow: Triada Ltd. 2014, p. 114, ill. 134 (in Russian) ISBN 978-5-89282-591-7.
- ↑ Martin, E.G. (1974). "Mahdism and holy wars in Ethiopia before 1600". Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. 4: 114. ISSN 0308-8421. JSTOR 41223140.
- ↑ Smith, G. Rex (1985). "Ibn al-Mujāwir on Dhofar and Socotra". Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. 15: 79–92. ISSN 0308-8421. JSTOR 41223031.
