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Yunana

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Yunana
Jonava (lt)

InkiyaJonų ir Janinų sostinė da The capital of Jonai and Janinos
Wuri
Map
 55°04′20″N 24°16′50″E / 55.0722°N 24.2806°E / 55.0722; 24.2806
Territory claimed by (en) FassaraLua error a mw.lua, layi na 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaLithuania
District municipality of Lithuania (en) FassaraJonava District Municipality (en) Fassara
Eldership of Lithuania (en) FassaraJonava Eldership (en) Fassara
Babban birnin
Jonava District Municipality (en) Fassara
Jonava Eldership (en) Fassara
Yawan mutane
Faɗi27,134 (2023)
• Yawan mutane1,984.93 mazaunan/km²
Demonym (en) FassaraLua error a mw.lua, layi na 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili13.67 km²
Altitude (en) Fassara65 m
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira1740
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo55000–55999
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho841
Wasu abun
Yanar gizojonava.lt

 

Jonava ( pronunciation ⓘ) ) ita ce birni na tara mafi girma a Lithuania, mai yawan jama'a kusan c. 30,000 . [1] [2] [3] Tana cikin gundumar Kaunas a tsakiyar Lithuania, 30 kilometres (19 mi) arewa maso gabashin Kaunas, birni na biyu mafi girma a Lithuania. [2] Filin jirgin saman Kaunas na duniya ne ke yi masa hidima. Achema, babbar masana'antar taki a jihohin Baltic, tana kusa da birnin. [2]

Wani lokaci ana kiran birnin "babban birnin hutun tsakiyar lokacin rani " ( Lithuanian ). [4] [5] Dubban 'yan asalin ƙasar da baƙi suna bikin tsakiyar lokacin rani a Jonava kowace shekara. [6] Kowace shekara a lokacin hutun tsakiyar lokacin rani, ana ayyana Jonava a matsayin 'Jamhuriyar Johns' na kwana ɗaya ( Lithuanian ). [7] [8] [9] [10] Jamhuriyar Johns ta Jonava tana da dubban 'yan ƙasa ba kawai daga Lithuania ba, har ma daga ƙasashen waje da yawa (misali Poland, Croatia, Austria, Mexico, Italiya, Amurka, da sauransu). [7] [8] Waɗanda suka bayar da takardu da ke tabbatar da cewa sunayensu John ne ( Lithuanian : Jonas ) ko Janina ne kawai suka cancanci neman takardar zama ɗan ƙasar Jamhuriyar Johns. [6]

Asalin Ma'anar

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Dominik Kossakowski, wanda ya kafa garin Jonava da Stalininkas na Samogitia, ya sanya wa garin suna "Janów" don girmama mahaifinsa Jan Mikołaj Kossowski lokacin da ya kafa garin kusa da gidan Skaruliai . A wasu harsuna ana kiran garin da: Yiddish  ; Polish  ; German .

Tarihi

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Zane na Jonava a shekarar 1915
Tunawa da cika shekaru 500 da mutuwar Vytautas the Great a Jonava a shekarar 1930

An kafa Jonava a hukumance a matsayin birni a ƙarni na 18 a lokacin mulkin Tarayyar Poland da Lithuania . A shekara ta 1750, an gina cocin katako na farko a Jonava. A shekarar 1778, wani kamfanin giya yana aiki a garin. [11] A kusan shekarar 1812, Napoleon da rundunarsa suka mamaye garin da ƙauyukan da ke kewaye da shi. A shekarar 1923, an amince da Jonava a matsayin mazaunin birni kuma a shekarar 1950 ta zama cibiyar karamar hukumar.

Birnin yana da yawan Yahudawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. A shekarar 1893, kashi 92% na al'ummar Yahudawa ne, kuma a shekarar 1941 kashi 80% ne. A shekarar 1932 akwai shaguna 250 mallakar iyalan Yahudawa, bankin Yahudawa, majami'u 7 da kuma makarantar Yahudawa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu , Jamus ta Nazi ta kai wa Jonava hari. An lalata cocin Kirista da majami'un Yahudawa guda biyar. [12] An kashe Yahudawan birnin a kisan kiyashi guda biyu, a watan Agusta da Satumba na 1941. An kashe jimillar mutane 2,108 ta hannun rundunar Einsatzgruppen ta Jamusawa da kuma rundunar kare kai ta Lithuania . [13] An tsare sauran Yahudawa 200 a kurkuku a yankin Kaunas .

Bayan yaƙin, birnin ya gina mafi girman masana'antar taki a jihohin Baltic kuma Jonava ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen masana'antu guda 4 a Lithuania.

Bala'in Muhalli

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Fayil:Indoor pool in Jonava, Lithuania in 2023.jpg
Wurin waha a Jonava
Fayil:Janina Miščiukaitė School of Art in Jonava, Lithuania in 2015.jpg
Janina Miščiukaitė Makarantar Art

Fashewa ta faru a masana'antar takin zamani masu sinadarai a ranar 20 ga Maris 1989, wanda ya haifar da zubewar kusan tan 7,500 na ruwa mai dauke da sinadarin ammonia . Bala'in ya ƙara rikidewa zuwa gobara a cikin cibiyar nitrophosphate da rumbunan takin zamani, wanda ya gurɓata yanayi da kayayyakin ƙonewa, kamar nitrous oxide da chlorine . Gajimaren mai guba ya karkata zuwa Ukmergė, Širvintos da Kėdainiai . Yawan sinadarin ammonia ya zarce matakin da aka yarda da shi da kashi 150 a Upninkai, a kashi 10 kilomita daga wurin da bala'in ya faru. Kwana ɗaya bayan hatsarin, wani gajimare mai guba 7 faɗin kilomita 50 da kuma faɗin kilomita 50 An yi rikodin tsawon kilomita tsakanin Jonava da Kėdainiai . Mutane bakwai sun mutu a lokacin gobarar da kuma zubar da sinadarin ammonia nan da nan bayan haka, mutane 29 sun nakasa, kuma adadi mai yawa na mutane sun sha wahala daga bugun zuciya da na numfashi. Duk da haka, ba a san ainihin girman barnar da tasirin lafiyar da abin ya haifar ba. Abin da aka sani shi ne cewa shan ammonia a lokacin daukar ciki, musamman a lokacin ƙuruciya na iya haifar da mummunan lalacewar kwakwalwa .

Wasanni

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Birnin yana da nasa "cibiyar al'adu da wasanni" tare da filin wasa, wurin ninkaya da kuma filin wasa na cikin gida . An riga an sanar da cewa birnin zai gina sabon babban filin wasa na cikin gida "BC Jonava".

Kwallon kafa

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  • FK Jonava yana wasa a gasar A Lyga – First Football Division na Lithuania
  • FK Jonava B - ƙungiya ta biyu ta FK Jonava, wacce ke wasa a Rukunin Uku na Lithuania

Wasanni

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Ƙungiyar wasanni ta Maratonas ta lashe lambobin yabo 4 a gasar Marathon ta Vilnius . [14]

Kwando

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Jonava yana da ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando, wanda aka kafa a 1969; Jonava SK Malsta yana wasa a cikin Ƙwallon Kwando na Ƙasa ( Nacionalinė Krepšinio Lyga ). Haka kuma akwai kungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata mai suna BC Jonava wacce ta samu lambobin tagulla a gasar kwallon kwando ta mata ta biyu ( Nacionalinė moterų krepšinio lyga ).

Wasan ƙwallon raga

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Jonava tana da ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta mata mai ƙarfi Achema-KKSC wacce ke wasa a gasar zakarun Turai mafi girma A Grupė . A shekara ta 2010, Jonava ta gudanar da gasar cin kofin ƙwallon raga ta Alfredas Ogonauskas ta ƙasa da ƙasa. [15]

Gasassun gasa

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Jonava kuma tana karbar bakuncin wasu gasannin da ba na yau da kullun ba. A lokacin hutun tsakiyar lokacin rani, an yi bikin "Kofin Shugaban Kasa na Jamhuriyar Jonas" na Rally Slalom . [16] A lokutan bazara akwai wasu gasannin kekuna ko gasannin ƙetare ƙasa-ƙasa lokaci-lokaci.

Fitattun mazauna

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  • Linas Balčiūnas, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978), ɗan tseren keke na Olympics.
  • Arnoldas Burkovskis (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967), manaja
  • Vydas Dolinskas, (an haife shi 1970), masanin kimiyyar fasaha
  • Isra'ila Davidson (1870–1939), marubuci
  • Dominykas Galkevičius (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila
  • SJ Goldsmith (1915–1995), ɗan jarida kuma edita
  • Laurynas Gucevičius, m
  • Andrius Janukonis, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971), ɗan kasuwa
  • Grigorijus Kanovičius, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1929), marubuci Bayahude
  • Dainius Kreivys, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970), ɗan siyasa, Ministan Tattalin Arziki
  • Juozapas Antanas Kosakovskis, janar, mai taimakawa Napoleon
  • Darius Maskoliūnas, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando
  • Abra Abrahamas Meirsonas, farfesa a fannin tiyatar jijiyoyi a Harvard
  • Janina Miščiukaitė (1948-2008), mawaƙa
  • Abraham Myerson, (1881–1948), likitan kwakwalwa, likitan tabin hankali, masanin zamantakewa
  • Jeronimas Ralys (1876-1921), mai fassara kuma likita
  • Ričardas Tamulis (1938–2008), ɗan dambe
  • Artūras Zuokas, (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968), ɗan kasuwa, tsohon magajin garin Vilnius

Hotunan Hotuna

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Manazarta

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  1. ↑ "Lietuvos Statistikos Departmentas". Lietuvos Statistikos Departmentas. Lietuvos Statistikos Departmentas. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.[dead link]
  2. 1 2 3 Misius, Kazys; Miškinis, Algimantas. "Jonava". Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lituweniyanci). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  3. ↑ "Jonava, Lithuania". Council of Europe. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  4. ↑ "JKC: Joninės bus kitokios, bet be šventės neliksime". Jonavoszinios.lt (in Lituweniyanci). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  5. ↑ "Trumpiausia metų naktis ne už kalnų: kur švęsti Jonines?". Rinkosaikste.lt (in Lituweniyanci). 22 June 2024. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  6. 1 2 "Šalyje švenčiamos Joninės, Jonava pasiskelbė Jonų Respublika". DELFI (in Lituweniyanci). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  7. 1 2 "Kviečia Jonų Respublika". Jonava.lt (in Lituweniyanci). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  8. 1 2 "Jonų ir Janinų respublika pasiskelbusi Jonava ruošiasi Joninių nakčiai: saugių pramogų netrūks". Lithuanian National Radio and Television (in Lituweniyanci). 23 June 2021.
  9. ↑ "Kaip niekad šventiška Jonų Respublika". Jkc1.lt (in Lituweniyanci). Archived from the original on 25 January 2025. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  10. ↑ "Jonava skelbiama Jonų Respublika". Baltic News Service (in Lituweniyanci). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  11. ↑ "Jonavos rajono istorijos datos". jonbiblioteka.lt.
  12. ↑ BFL, UAB. "Žydai Lietuvoje - Jonava". www.zydai.lt. Archived from the original on 2015-03-25. Retrieved 2012-11-05.
  13. ↑ www.atease.lt, Created atEase. "Holocaust Atlas of Lithuania". www.holocaustatlas.lt.
  14. ↑ "DANSKE BANK VILNIAUS MARATONAS". www.vilniausmaratonas.lt.
  15. ↑ "Savaitgalį Jonavoje tinklinio šventė >> Sportas.info - Lietuvos sporto veidrodis". sportas.info.
  16. ↑ "Neegzistuoja - Serveriai.lt". junior.ajags.lt. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
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