Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
	Abraham Lincoln
	; Lincoln in 1863
16th President of the United States
	In office; March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin; (1861–1865); Andrew Johnson; (Mar–Apr. 1865);
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives; from Illinois's Template:Ushr district
	In office; March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas L. Harris
	In office; December 1, 1834 – December 4, 1842
Preceded by	Achilles Morris
Constituency	from Sangamon County
Janam	February 12, 1809; LaRue County, Kentucky, U.S.
Maut	April 15, 1865 (aged 56); Washington, D.C., U.S.
Political party	Whig (before 1856); Republican (after 1856);
Other political; affiliations	National Union (1864–1865)
Spouse	Mary Todd (m. 1842)
Kaam	Politician; lawyer;
Signature
	Military service
Service/branch	Illinois Militia
Years of service	April–July 1832
Rank	Captain; Private;
Battles/wars	Black Hawk War (see Abraham Lincoln in the Black Hawk War)

Abraham Lincoln (12 February 1809 – 15 April 1865), United States ke 16th President the. Uu 1861 se 1865 talak American Civil War ke time pe President rahaa. Jab jaada Confederate army surrender kar diis rahaa aur larrai khalaas hoe waala rahaa tab John Wilkes Booth uske maar diis rahaa, kaahe ki uu bachaa Confederate army ke larrte rahe maangat rahaa. Lincoln ke United States me gulami khalaas kare khatir jaana jaawe hae.

Jindagi

Abraham Lincoln ka janam 12 February 1809 me, Hardin County, Kentucky me bhais rahaa . Unke pitaji, Thomas Lincoln, ek kisaan rahaa, aur maiyaa, Nancy Hanks, rahii aur ii logan bahut garib rahin.^[1] Abraham ke ek bhaeya aur ek bahini rahis aur bhaiya bachpan me mar gais rahaa. uu loganek chhota log cabin house, jisme khaali ek room rahaa me rahat rahin. Uske baap gulam nai rakkhis rahaa kaahe ki uu bahut dharmik rahaa. Jab Abraham saath saal ke rahaa tab uske pariwaar Indiana aur baad me Illinois jake rehne lage.^[2] Uu jab chhota rahaa tab uu aapan baap ke khet me madat kaat rahaa lekin 22 saal ke umar me uu New Salem, Illinois jaae ke ek salesmanke kaam kare lagaa.^[3] Baad me uu school ek saal khatir school aur isse uu likhe, parrhe aur sahaj mathemeatics kare sikhis. 1842 me uu Mary Todd se saadi karis aur uu logan ke chaar larrkan bhais jisme se tiin chhote pe mar gain.^[4]

Saadi aur larrkan

Kuchh historians, jaise Michael Burlingame, ii batawe hae ki Lincoln ke pahila romantic interest Ann Rutledge rahaa, jon Kentucky ke rahii aur jiske uu milis rahaa jab uu New Salem, Illinois me rahe gais rahaa.^[5] Lewis Gannett iske galat batae hae ki duunu ke biich me koi romantic sambandh rahaa.^[6] David Herbert Donald ii batais hae ki "How that friendship [between Lincoln and Rutledge] developed into a romance cannot be reconstructed from the record".^[7] Rutledge August 25, 1835 me mar gay rahii, typhoid fever se. Lincoln isse bahut soch me rahaa, aur gambhir depression me rahaa aur atm-hatys ke bhi sochis rahaa. ^[8]^[9]

1830s ke suruu me, Lincoln Mary Owens jon Kentucky ke rahii, milis rahaa.^[10] 1836 ke ant me, Lincoln Owens se saadi kare ke agree hoe gais, agar uu New Salem laut aawe. Owens November me aais, aur uu duuno ef-duusre ke dekhat rahin, lekin duuno aapan mibd badal liin. August 16, 1837 ke, uu ek chotthi likhis Owens lage jisme uu batais ki uu Owens ke blame nai kari agar Owens relationship ke khalaas kar di, aur iske baad Owens usse saadi kare ke inkaar kar dis. ^[11]

1839 me, Lincoln Mary Todd ke Springfield, Illinois me milis rahaa, aur agle saal, duuno engaed hoe gay rahin. ^[8] Uu Robert Smith Todd, ek dhani wakiil aur businessman Lexington, Kentucky me, ke larrki rahii.^[12] Lincoln suruu me engaement ke tuurr diis rahaa early 1841 me, lekin baad me uulog saathe hoe gay rahin aur November 4, 1842 me saadi kar le rahin.^[13] 1844 me, duuno a house Springfield me, uske law office ke nagiich, kharide rahin.^[14] Saadi turbulent rahaa; Mary ke muh bahut chalat rahaa aur kabhi-kabhi uu aapan admi ke maarat bhi rahii. ^[15]

Uulog ke chaar larrka rahaa. Sab se barraa, Robert Todd Lincoln, 1843 me paida bhais rahaa, aur uu khaali ekke larrka rahaa jon bachpan me nai maraa rahaa. Edward Baker "Eddie" Lincoln, 1846 me paida bhais rahaa, aur February 1, 1850 me maris rahaa, saait tuberculosis se. Lincoln ke tiisra larrka, William Wallace "Willie" Lincoln, ke janam December 21, 1850 me bhais rahaa, aur fever se White House me February 20, 1862 me maraa rahaa. Sab se chhotaa, Thomas "Tad" Lincoln, April 4, 1853 ke paida bhais rahaa, aur edema se 18 saal ke umar me July 16, 1871 me maraa rahaa.^[16] Lincoln larrkan ke like karat rahaa,^[17] aur Lincolns aapan larrkan se strict nai rahin. ^[18] Eddie aur Willie ke maut ke gahiraa asar duuno mai aur baap pe rahaa. Lincoln "melancholy" se suffer karat rahaa, ek condition jiske aaj-kal clinical depression maana jaawe hae.^[9]

References

↑ Thornton, Brian; Richard W. Donley (October 31, 2005) (in English). 101 things you didn't know about Lincoln: loves and losses, political power. Adams Media. ISBN 9781593373993. https://archive.org/details/101thingsyoudidn0000thor.
↑ "Lincoln Trail Homestead State Park". Abraham Lincoln Online. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
↑ Fehrenbacher, Don (1989). Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Library of America. p. 163. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UWJStTs8-A4C&dq=lincoln+canoe+sangamon+river&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0.
↑ Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, Inc.. https://archive.org/details/teamofrivalspoli0000good_f2e0.
↑ Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 p. 98.
↑ Gannett, Lewis (Winter 2005). "'Overwhelming evidence' of a Lincoln–Ann Rutledge romance?: reexamining Rutledge family reminiscences". Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 26 (1): 28–41. doi:10.5406/19457987.26.1.04. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jala/2629860.0026.104/--overwhelming-evidence-of-a-lincoln-ann-rutledge-romance?rgn=main;view=fulltext.
↑ Donald 1996, pp. 56–57.
1 2 Donald, 1996 & Burlingame 2008.
1 2 Shenk, Joshua Wolf (October 2005). "Lincoln's great depression". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on October 9, 2011.
↑ Thomas 2008, pp. 56–57, 69–70.
↑ Donald 1996, pp. 67–69.
↑ Lamb & Swain 2008, p. 3.
↑ Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 pp. 182, 194–195.
↑ Baker 1989, p. 142.
↑ Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 p. 202.
↑ White, 2009 & Manning 2016.
↑ White 2009, p. 126.
↑ Baker, 1989 & Manning 2016.

Duusra websites

[lincolnbook-1] Thornton, Brian; Richard W. Donley (October 31, 2005) (in English). 101 things you didn't know about Lincoln: loves and losses, political power. Adams Media. ISBN 9781593373993. https://archive.org/details/101thingsyoudidn0000thor.

[2] "Lincoln Trail Homestead State Park". Abraham Lincoln Online. Retrieved 2008-05-21.

[3] Fehrenbacher, Don (1989). Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Library of America. p. 163. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UWJStTs8-A4C&dq=lincoln+canoe+sangamon+river&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0.

[teamofrivals-4] Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, Inc.. https://archive.org/details/teamofrivalspoli0000good_f2e0.

[FOOTNOTEBurlingame2008vol._1_p._98-5] Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 p. 98.

[6] Gannett, Lewis (Winter 2005). "'Overwhelming evidence' of a Lincoln–Ann Rutledge romance?: reexamining Rutledge family reminiscences". Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 26 (1): 28–41. doi:10.5406/19457987.26.1.04. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jala/2629860.0026.104/--overwhelming-evidence-of-a-lincoln-ann-rutledge-romance?rgn=main;view=fulltext.

[FOOTNOTEDonald199656–57-7] Donald 1996, pp. 56–57.

[FOOTNOTEDonald1996Burlingame2008-8] 1 2 Donald, 1996 & Burlingame 2008.

[Atlanticoct2005-9] 1 2 Shenk, Joshua Wolf (October 2005). "Lincoln's great depression". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on October 9, 2011.

[FOOTNOTEThomas200856–57,_69–70-10] Thomas 2008, pp. 56–57, 69–70.

[FOOTNOTEDonald199667–69-11] Donald 1996, pp. 67–69.

[FOOTNOTELambSwain20083-12] Lamb & Swain 2008, p. 3.

[FOOTNOTEBurlingame2008vol._1_pp._182,_194–195-13] Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 pp. 182, 194–195.

[FOOTNOTEBaker1989142-14] Baker 1989, p. 142.

[FOOTNOTEBurlingame2008vol._1_p._202-15] Burlingame 2008, vol. 1 p. 202.

[FOOTNOTEWhite2009Manning2016-16] White, 2009 & Manning 2016.

[FOOTNOTEWhite2009126-17] White 2009, p. 126.

[FOOTNOTEBaker1989Manning2016-18] Baker, 1989 & Manning 2016.

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