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. 2019 Feb 28;60(3):M1-M19.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.18-25980.

IMI - Myopia Control Reports Overview and Introduction

James S Wolffsohn  1 , Daniel Ian Flitcroft  2 , Kate L Gifford  3 , Monica Jong  4 , Lyndon Jones  5 , Caroline C W Klaver  6 , Nicola S Logan  1 , Kovin Naidoo  7 , Serge Resnikoff  4 , Padmaja Sankaridurg  4 , Earl L Smith 3rd  8 , David Troilo  9 , Christine F Wildsoet  10
Affiliations

IMI - Myopia Control Reports Overview and Introduction

James S Wolffsohn et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. .

Abstract

With the growing prevalence of myopia, already at epidemic levels in some countries, there is an urgent need for new management approaches. However, with the increasing number of research publications on the topic of myopia control, there is also a clear necessity for agreement and guidance on key issues, including on how myopia should be defined and how interventions, validated by well-conducted clinical trials, should be appropriately and ethically applied. The International Myopia Institute (IMI) reports the critical review and synthesis of the research evidence to date, from animal models, genetics, clinical studies, and randomized controlled trials, by more than 85 multidisciplinary experts in the field, as the basis for the recommendations contained therein. As background to the need for myopia control, the risk factors for myopia onset and progression are reviewed. The seven generated reports are summarized: (1) Defining and Classifying Myopia, (2) Experimental Models of Emmetropization and Myopia, (3) Myopia Genetics, (4) Interventions for Myopia Onset and Progression, (5) Clinical Myopia Control Trials and Instrumentation, (6) Industry Guidelines and Ethical Considerations for Myopia Control, and (7) Clinical Myopia Management Guidelines.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Modeled prevalence of myopia by age for East Asian and white children and teenagers from a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis fitted to the year 2005. Graph created from data in Table 3 of Rudnicka et al.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Refractive shift among myopic children by age. Data from Donovan et al. were digitized by using ImageJ (http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/; provided in the public domain by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) and replotted, and the best fit line for Asians was taken from the equation provided in their article. Data for Chua et al. were obtained by averaging progression rates for given ages from their Figure 2.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Modeled prevalence of myopia by age for East Asians by selected country of residence from a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis adjusted to the year 2005 (except for Mongolia, which is 2003). Graph created from data in Table 4 of Rudnicka et al.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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