Taking race out of human genetics

Yudell, Michael; Roberts, Dorothy E.; DeSalle, Rob; Tishkoff, Sarah A.

doi:10.1126/science.aac4951

Science

2016

DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4951

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Taking race out of human genetics

Michael Yudell

¹

,

Dorothy E. Roberts

²

,

Rob DeSalle

³

et al.

Abstract: Engaging a century-long debate about the role of race in science

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Cited by 600 publications

(388 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

3

Mentioning

384

Contrasting

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“…3, Tables S2, S3 ) ancestry individuals. Notably, the finding of significant effective dilution for AFR ancestry patients, aligns with existing literature indicating that Black patients with mood disorders are more likely to be misdiagnosed with schizophrenia 2,3 ; as we anticipate a correlation between the distinct concepts of genetically-inferred ancestry and race 20,21 . However, we caution that hidden confounders, such as socioeconomic status and other environmental factors, can bias heritability estimates of a trait and dilute effect sizes as well 22,23 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Detecting and Adjusting for Hidden Biases due to Phenotype Misclassification in Genome-Wide Association Studies

Burstein

¹

,

Hoffman

²

,

Mathur

³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…3, Tables S2, S3 ) ancestry individuals. Notably, the finding of significant effective dilution for AFR ancestry patients, aligns with existing literature indicating that Black patients with mood disorders are more likely to be misdiagnosed with schizophrenia 2,3 ; as we anticipate a correlation between the distinct concepts of genetically-inferred ancestry and race 20,21 . However, we caution that hidden confounders, such as socioeconomic status and other environmental factors, can bias heritability estimates of a trait and dilute effect sizes as well 22,23 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Detecting and Adjusting for Hidden Biases due to Phenotype Misclassification in Genome-Wide Association Studies

Burstein

¹

,

Hoffman

²

,

Mathur

³

et al. 2023

Preprint

Get access via publisher Add to collection Cite

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…This suggests an alternative mechanism of effect for the positive association between Hispanic ethnicity and hospitalization, possibly including socioeconomic factors. This interpretation is consistent with the burgeoning scientific consensus that vast majority of variation in health outcomes by race/ethnicity is the result of socioeconomic disparity resulting from structural inequality rather than genetic differences between culturally-designated racial groups [32][33][34][35][36]. The same could be true of our observation of a trend toward increased mortality in African American patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Pulmonary arterial capacitance predicts outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension independent of race/ethnicity, sex, and etiology

Mayfield

¹

,

Papolos

²

,

Vasti

³

et al. 2020

Respiratory Medicine

1

0

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…There does, however, seem to be increasing consensus that a survey approach with binary assessment of gender and five race categories is (1) a flawed approach to assessing diversity, (2) out of step with the evolving science and not a good reflection on a leading neurobiological science organization, and (3) does not send a message of inclusion. Our general thinking aligns with the statement by Yudell et al [ 24 ] related to race-based categorization: “It is time for biologists to find a better way.”…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Advancing equity, diversity, and inclusion in the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP): advances, challenges, and opportunities to accelerate progress

Henningfield

¹

,

Fields

²

,

Anthony

³

et al. 2020

Neuropsychopharmacol.

Get access via publisher Add to collection Cite

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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