“…This study confirms previous findings from the literature demonstrating the connections between illicit drug use and prescription drug misuse with adverse cardiac-related outcomes ( Baldini et al., 2012 ; Chen and Ashburn, 2015 ; Khodneva et al., 2016 ; Aquaro et al., 2011 ; Kevil et al., 2019 ). In slight disagreement with the current literature, which poses probable, albeit inconclusive, associations between vaping and cardiovascular ailments ( Qasim et al., 2017 ; Alzahrani et al., 2018 ; MacDonald and Middlekauff, 2019 ; Peruzzi et al., 2020 ), we did not find an association between exclusive ENDS use and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Moreover, dual ENDS and drug use had no significant interactive effect.…”
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…This study confirms previous findings from the literature demonstrating the connections between illicit drug use and prescription drug misuse with adverse cardiac-related outcomes ( Baldini et al., 2012 ; Chen and Ashburn, 2015 ; Khodneva et al., 2016 ; Aquaro et al., 2011 ; Kevil et al., 2019 ). In slight disagreement with the current literature, which poses probable, albeit inconclusive, associations between vaping and cardiovascular ailments ( Qasim et al., 2017 ; Alzahrani et al., 2018 ; MacDonald and Middlekauff, 2019 ; Peruzzi et al., 2020 ), we did not find an association between exclusive ENDS use and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Moreover, dual ENDS and drug use had no significant interactive effect.…”
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Nicotine induces stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, with tachycardia, increase in blood pressure and cardiac output, leading to an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption as well as vasoconstriction of cutaneous and coronary blood vessels 54 . Increased cardiac sympathetic activity associated to regular smoking was described 20 years ago and, lately, similar effects were observed for e-cigarette as well as oxidative stress and inflammation signaling [55][56][57] . Recently, evidence of population-based e-cigarette impact on cardiovascular health has been reported 56,57 .…”
Section: Systemic Impact Of E-cigarettes In Humanssupporting
confidence: 71%
“…Increased cardiac sympathetic activity associated to regular smoking was described 20 years ago and, lately, similar effects were observed for e-cigarette as well as oxidative stress and inflammation signaling [55][56][57] . Recently, evidence of population-based e-cigarette impact on cardiovascular health has been reported 56,57 . There is considerable evidence that carcinogenic substances and some compounds causing DNA damage and mutagenesis have been detected in e-cigarette aerosols, but there is no available evidence so far that e-cigarette use is associated with cancer, abnormal fetal development, or immune defects leading to increased risk of respiratory infections 18 .…”
Section: Systemic Impact Of E-cigarettes In Humanssupporting
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…6 ). This was also concluded by previous review articles on e-cigarette vaping that also compared to classical smoking [ 8 , 58 , 60 , 69 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Impact Of E-cigarette Vaping On Endothelial Dysfunctionsupporting
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
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