Repositorio Académico UPC
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Publication Metadata only Does the origin of tourism matter for poverty reduction? Evidence from Peruvian’s department, 2003–2022(Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 2026-01-01)The aim of this paper is to study whether the origin of tourism, either domestic or foreign, has varying effects on poverty reduction. Therefore, the paper employs a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL) model for 24 Peruvian departments from 2003 to 2022 to analyze that impact of tourism arrivals, both domestic and foreign, on poverty reduction. Despite the fact that on average, foreign tourism stays longer in a touristic destination than national tourism, our results show that domestic tourism contributes more significantly to poverty reduction than foreign tourism. This is primarily due to the higher volume of domestic tourist compared to international tourist. Additionally, our findings indicate that economic growth is the most influential variable in explaining poverty reduction; while the impact of public spending is relatively minor. In terms of policy implications, these findings highlight the importance of focusing on domestic tourism development in poverty reduction policies.Publication Metadata only The plastisphere and river systems as reservoirs for antibiotic resistant bacteria(Frontiers Media SA, 2026-01-01)Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat. This phenomenon involves the diffusion of bacteria and genes among humans, animals and the environment. In particular, the presence of third generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in natural environments is of high concern as they are classified as critical-priority pathogens of public health importance. In this work we studied the relation among plastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems, the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and diffusion of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Caged plastic fragments were deliberately introduced in a river of central Italy. Plastic samples were collected and analyzed in parallel with river water samples. Out of 267 cefotaxime (CTX) resistant isolates obtained, 65 CTX-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were selected for further analysis. Most of the isolates (75% of plastic-derived and 84% of water-derived isolates) were MDR with seven being carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria (CRE). Five of them synthesize KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases) enzymes, and two strains were positive for metallo-β-lactamases (NDM). Among the KPC producers, three isolates were identified as K. pneumoniae sequence type ST1519. Their isolation in a natural ecosystem is alarming because they can potentially re-enter human populations through environmental pathways. Shotgun metagenomic analysis provided a comprehensive snapshot of the microbial communities associated to the plastisphere, revealing dominance of families such as Comamonadaceae, Sphaerotilaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae, which play key roles in environmental biofilm formation and stability. The resistome analysis highlighted the presence of ARGs conferring resistance to clinically important antibiotics, such as beta-lactams, vancomycin, and tetracyclines, alongside mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as integrons, which facilitate the horizontal transfer of resistance genes. This study provides crucial experimental evidence that riverine plastic debris acts as a genetic reservoir and could act as an efficient vehicle for the accumulation and transfer of clinically relevant resistance determinants.Publication Metadata only Pupil dynamics reveal preparatory processes in the generation of pro-saccades and anti-saccades in open skill sports athletes(Institute of Sport, 2026-01-01)This study investigated pupil dynamics to establish a physiological index of mental processes associated with executive functioning, enabling objective evaluation of cognitive load during training to improve understanding of cognitive control in sport-specific contexts. Using video-based eye-tracking, we examined pupil and saccade responses in athletes (N = 40) and non-athletes (N = 40) performing an interleaved pro-saccade and anti-saccade task. In this task, participants were instructed prior to target appearance to either make a reflexive saccade toward the target (pro-saccade) or inhibit that response and generate a voluntary saccade in the opposite direction (anti-saccade). Larger pupil dilation prior to target onset was observed during anti-saccade compared to pro-saccade preparation (p < 0.001, ηp² = 0.153). Athletes showed reduced pupil dilation compared to non-athletes (p < 0.05, ηp² = 0.049). In addition, trials with larger pupil dilation and smaller tonic pupil sizes were associated with faster saccade reaction times. Pupil dilation also positively correlated with saccade peak velocities but showed no association with saccade endpoint accuracy. These findings suggest that athletes may engage in more efficient motor preparation, as reflected by reduced pupil dilation. Moreover, phasic pupil dilation, indexing cognitive load, and tonic pupil size, associated with arousal level, both contributed to the control of saccade dynamics during goal-directed movements. Together, these results highlight the utility of pupil size as an objective and informative index for assessing both cognitive and arousal functions in sports science research.Item Metadata only Atribuciones causales y creencias docentes sobre su desempeño en contextos de integración de tecnología en el aula en un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana(Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2026-04-20)El presente estudio analiza las creencias docentes y las atribuciones causales sobre el desempeño profesional en contextos de integración de tecnología en aula en profesores de comunicación de quinto y sexto grados de primaria de un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana. La investigación asume un enfoque cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico para comprender cómo los docentes interpretan y explican sus dificultades al incorporar tecnologías digitales en sus prácticas pedagógicas. Participaron nueve docentes, y la recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas virtuales, organizadas en torno a tres ejes: competencia digital autopercibida, creencias sobre el valor pedagógico de la tecnología, y atribuciones causales vinculadas al desempeño docente. El análisis se llevó a cabo mediante un análisis temático híbrido, siguiendo a Xu y Zammit (2020). Los resultados evidencian la existencia de creencias negativas respecto a los efectos del uso de la tecnología en el aprendizaje estudiantil, las cuales constituirían una importante barrera para su implementación en el aula. Otras barreras que existirían, desde la perspectiva docente, son una infraestructura tecnológica deficiente y limitados conocimientos tecnológicos de los alumnos. Los participantes interpretan que estas generarían dificultades para la gestión de tiempo y el control, situación que intensificaría por la irrupción de la inteligencia artificial. El estudio concluye que las creencias docentes y las atribuciones causales externas constituyen factores para comprender la limitada integración de la tecnología, incluso en contextos con alta disponibilidad de recursos, y subraya la necesidad de considerar estas dimensiones subjetivas al diseñar políticas y programas de formación docente.Item Open Access Analizar el Uso del Sistema de Construcción EMMEDUE en módulos de viviendas de interés social versus el Sistema Tradicional de Albañilería en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, Provincia y Departamento de Lima(Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2026-02-24)El desarrollo de la propuesta de sistema de construcción EMMEDUE, se ha enfocado en optimizar y mejorar los sistemas de gestión en costo, plazo, confort y medio ambiente para la construcción de viviendas unifamiliares en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo provincia de Lima.Este sistema constructivo no convencional denominado (EMMEDUE) ha demostrado su efectividad para la construcción de viviendas por etapas o simultáneos en comparación al sistema tradicional de albañilería; estando conformado por platea, montaje de paneles de poliestireno recubierta con mallas de acero y revestidas con concreto en muros y techo, ideal para construcciones rápidas, económicas, de resistencia sísmica y con una aislación térmica superior a los muros de ladrillo.La comparación de resultados en plazo y costo de ejecución para una vivienda de un piso, han mostrado que para un área de 62 m2 del sistema EMMEDUE frente a 60m2 del sistema tradicional, se reduce en costo 34% y plazo en 25% a nivel global, y un 30% en costo y 53% en plazo a nivel de arquitectura con el sistema EMMEDUE, comprobándose que, por su rápida y fácil proceso de ejecución, refleja el ahorro en mano de obra, recursos, % de desperdicios, transporte y procesos estructurales que por su cumplimiento se hacen más lentos.Por consiguiente, el sistema tradicional con albañilería a pesar de ser un método muy utilizado, el sistema EMMEDUE ofrece una alternativa moderna y eficiente con claros beneficios en términos de plazo, costo, eficiencia térmica y confort habitacional.
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