Check if N given lines can be intersected by K vertical lines

Given N horizontal lines represented by an array position[][] of size N, where position[i] represents the i^th horizontal line which has x-coordinates from position[i][0] to position[i][1] and an integer K, which represents the maximum number of vertical lines that can be drawn, the task is to check if N given lines can be intersected by at most K vertical lines.

Examples:

Input: N = 4, K = 2, position[][] = [[1, 4], [6, 8], [7, 9], [10, 15]]
Output: NO
Explanation: In the given example, draw lines at [1, 7, 10]. The line drawn at 1 will intersect the first line, the line at position 7 will intersect both the second and third lines, and the line drawn at 10 will intersect the fourth line. Hence, a minimum of 3 rods is required. Hence, it is not possible

Input: N = 5, K = 3, position[][] = [[1, 6], [3, 5], [2, 4], [8, 12], [10, 24]]
Output : YES

Approach : The idea is to use greedy approach to solve this problem by sorting the positions[][] array and, with 1 line, intersect as many lines as possible and so on. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:

• Sort the array position[][] in ascending order.
• Initialize the variables ans as 1 to store the answer and r as position[0][1] to store the end point till a particular point other horizontal lines can be for intersection with the given considered vertical line.
• Iterate over the range [1, N] using the variable, say I, and perform the following steps:
  • If position[i][0] is less than r, then set the value of r to the minimum of r or position[i][1].
  • Otherwise, add the value of ans by 1 and set the value of r as position[i][1].
• If k is greater than equal to ans, then print "YES" and print "NO" otherwise.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

// C++ program for the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to check if it is possible
// to intersect n lines using k vertical lines
void findIfPossible(int n, int k,
                    vector<vector<int> > position)
{

    sort(position.begin(), position.end());

    int ans = 1;

    // Track the point till a particular
    // vertical line can intersect
    int r = position[0][1];

    // Iterate over the range
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {

        if (position[i][0] <= r) {

            r = min(r, position[i][1]);
        }

        else {

            ans++;

            r = position[i][1];
        }
    }
    if (k >= ans)
        cout << "YES" << endl;
    else
        cout << "NO" << endl;
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{

    int n = 5;
    int k = 2;
    vector<vector<int> > position = {
        { 2, 5 }, { 4, 6 }, { 7, 16 }, { 9, 10 }, { 10, 17 }
    };

    findIfPossible(n, k, position);

    return 0;
}

// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;

class GFG 
{

  // Function to check if it is possible
  // to intersect n lines using k vertical lines
  static void findIfPossible(int n, int k,
                             int[][] position)
  {

    Arrays.sort(position, Comparator.comparingDouble(o -> o[0]));

    int ans = 1;

    // Track the point till a particular
    // vertical line can intersect
    int r = position[0][1];

    // Iterate over the range
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {

      if (position[i][0] <= r) {

        r = Math.min(r, position[i][1]);
      }

      else {

        ans++;

        r = position[i][1];
      }
    }
    if (k >= ans)
      System.out.println("YES");
    else
      System.out.println("NO");
  }

  // Driver Code
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    int n = 5;
    int k = 2;
    int[][] position = {
      { 2, 5 }, { 4, 6 }, { 7, 16 }, { 9, 10 }, { 10, 17 }
    };

    findIfPossible(n, k, position);
  }
}

// This code is contributed by sanjoy_62.

# python program for the above approach

# Function to check if it is possible
# to intersect n lines using k vertical lines
def findIfPossible(n, k, position):
    position.sort()
    ans = 1

    # Track the point till a particular
    # vertical line can intersect
    r = position[0][1]

    # Iterate over the range
    for i in range(1, n):
        if (position[i][0] <= r):
            r = min(r, position[i][1])
        else:
            ans += 1
            r = position[i][1]
    if (k >= ans):
        print("YES")
    else:
        print("NO")

# Driver Code
n = 5
k = 2
position = [[2, 5], [4, 6], [7, 16], [9, 10], [10, 17]]
findIfPossible(n, k, position)

# This code is contributed by amreshkumar3

// C# program for the above approach
using System;

class GFG{
    
static void Sort(int[,] arr)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < arr.GetLength(0); i++)
    {
        for(int j = arr.GetLength(1) - 1; j > 0; j--) 
        {
            for(int k = 0; k < j; k++) 
            {
                if (arr[i, k] > arr[i, k + 1])
                {
                    int myTemp = arr[i, k];
                    arr[i, k] = arr[i, k + 1];
                    arr[i, k + 1] = myTemp;
                }
            }
        }
    }  
}

// Function to check if it is possible
// to intersect n lines using k vertical lines
static void findIfPossible(int n, int k,
                           int[,] position)
{
    Sort(position);
    
    int ans = 1;
    
    // Track the point till a particular
    // vertical line can intersect
    int r = position[0, 1];
    
    // Iterate over the range
    for(int i = 1; i < n; i++)
    {
        if (position[i, 0] <= r)
        {
            r = Math.Min(r, position[i, 1]);
        }
        else 
        {
            ans++;
            r = position[i, 1];
        }
    }
    if (k >= ans)
        Console.Write("YES");
    else
        Console.Write("NO");
}

// Driver Code
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    int n = 5;
    int k = 2;
    int[,] position = { { 2, 5 }, { 4, 6 }, 
                        { 7, 16 }, { 9, 10 }, 
                        { 10, 17 } };
    
    findIfPossible(n, k, position);
}
}

// This code is contributed by code_hunt

<script>

// javascript program for the above approach

// Function to check if it is possible
// to intersect n lines using k vertical lines
function findIfPossible(n, k, position)
{
     position = position.sort(function(a, b)
     {
    return a[0]-b[0]
    });

    var i;
    var ans = 1;

    // Track the point till a particular
    // vertical line can intersect
    var r = position[0][1];

    // Iterate over the range
    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {

        if (position[i][0] <= r) {

            r = Math.min(r, position[i][1]);
        }

        else {

            ans++;

            r = position[i][1];
        }
    }
   
    if (k >= ans)
        document.write("YES");
    else
        document.write("NO");
}

// Driver Code

    var n = 5;
    var k = 2;
    var position = [[2, 5],[4, 6], [7, 16],[9, 10],[10, 17]];

    findIfPossible(n, k, position);

// This code is contributed by SURENDRA_GANGWAR.
</script>

YES

Time Complexity: O(NlogN)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)