iOS学习笔记14—PDF的文件的创建、显示和解析

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-12 12:16:02 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2022-04-12 12:16:02 发布 · 3.3k 阅读

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iOS

本文详细介绍如何在iOS设备上使用Quartz2D库进行PDF文件的显示与创建。包括PDFView的实现方法及如何通过CGPDFContext绘制PDF文档。

PDF的文件的创建、显示和解析在上一篇文章的这里有介绍：

图形框架:

CoreGraphics.framework

包含 Quartz 2D 绘图 API 接口。Quartz 是 Mac OS X 系统使用的向量绘图引擎,它支持基于路径绘图、抗锯齿渲染、渐变、图片、颜色、坐标空间转换、PDF 文件的创建、显示和解析。虽然 API 基于 C 语言,但是它使用基于对象的抽象以表示基本绘图对象,这样可以让开发者可以更方便地保存并复用图像内容。

具体PDF文件的创建、显示和解析在官方文档里面有，大家可以点击看下。这里介绍的是简单的PDF的显示和创建。

一.PDF的显示

老外写的文章点击打开链接

首先是要创建一个项目，导入一个.pdf文件

并导入一下这个框架

我总是喜欢在.pch文件中引入

#import<QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>准备工作完成

先建一个基于UIView的PDFView

在PDFView.h文件中加载

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface PDFView : UIView
{
    CGPDFDocumentRef pdf;
}
-(void)drawInContext:(CGContextRef)context;

@end

在PDFView.m文件中加载

#import "PDFView.h"

@implementation PDFView

- (void)dealloc
{
    CGPDFDocumentRelease(pdf);
    [super dealloc];
}


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        
        if(self != nil)
        {
            CFURLRef pdfURL = CFBundleCopyResourceURL(CFBundleGetMainBundle(), CFSTR("苹果编码规范.PDF"), NULL, NULL);
            pdf = CGPDFDocumentCreateWithURL((CFURLRef)pdfURL);
            CFRelease(pdfURL);
        }
    }
    return self;
}

-(void)drawInContext:(CGContextRef)context
{
    // PDF page drawing expects a Lower-Left coordinate system, so we flip the coordinate system
    // before we start drawing.
    CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0.0, self.bounds.size.height);
    CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0, -1.0);
    
    // Grab the first PDF page
    CGPDFPageRef page = CGPDFDocumentGetPage(pdf, 1);
    // We're about to modify the context CTM to draw the PDF page where we want it, so save the graphics state in case we want to do more drawing
    CGContextSaveGState(context);
    // CGPDFPageGetDrawingTransform provides an easy way to get the transform for a PDF page. It will scale down to fit, including any
    // base rotations necessary to display the PDF page correctly.
    CGAffineTransform pdfTransform = CGPDFPageGetDrawingTransform(page, kCGPDFCropBox, self.bounds, 0, true);
    // And apply the transform.
    CGContextConcatCTM(context, pdfTransform);
    // Finally, we draw the page and restore the graphics state for further manipulations!
    CGContextDrawPDFPage(context, page);
    CGContextRestoreGState(context);
}

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
    [self drawInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
}



@end

在mainViewController.m文件中

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);
    PDFView *pdfView =[[PDFView alloc]initWithFrame:frame];
    [self.view addSubview:pdfView];
    [pdfView release];

二.pdf的创建

pdf文档在iOS中是通过Quartz 2D库提供的api来操作的。iOS有两个图形库：

Quartz 2D，是iOS原生的，简单易用，缺点是只有2D，仅限于iOS
OpenGL ES，是开放标准的，2D和3D均有

使用Quartz 2D绘图到任意图形上下文（graphics context）创建pdf文件是很容易的事情。这需要：

指定pdf文件的位置
设置pdf的图形上下文（graphics context）

写了个特别简单的示例，效果如下：

完整的代码如下：

-(void)createPdf{
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *saveDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSString *saveFileName = @"myPDF.pdf";
    NSString *newFilePath = [saveDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:saveFileName];
    const char *filename = [newFilePath UTF8String];
    CGRect pageRect=CGRectMake(0, 0, 612, 792);
    // This code block sets up our PDF Context so that we can draw to it
    CGContextRef pdfContext;
    CFStringRef path;
    CFURLRef url;
    CFMutableDictionaryRef myDictionary = NULL;
    // Create a CFString from the filename we provide to this method when we call it
    path = CFStringCreateWithCString (NULL, filename,
                                      kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
    // Create a CFURL using the CFString we just defined
    url = CFURLCreateWithFileSystemPath (NULL, path,
                                         kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle, 0);
    CFRelease (path);
    // This dictionary contains extra options mostly for ‘signing’ the PDF
    myDictionary = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(NULL, 0,
                                             &kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
                                             &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
    CFDictionarySetValue(myDictionary, kCGPDFContextTitle, CFSTR("My PDF File"));
    CFDictionarySetValue(myDictionary, kCGPDFContextCreator, CFSTR("My Name"));
    // Create our PDF Context with the CFURL, the CGRect we provide, and the above defined dictionary
    pdfContext = CGPDFContextCreateWithURL (url, &pageRect, myDictionary);
    // Cleanup our mess
    CFRelease(myDictionary);
    CFRelease(url);
    // Done creating our PDF Context, now it’s time to draw to it
    // Starts our first page
    CGContextBeginPage (pdfContext, &pageRect);
    // Draws a black rectangle around the page inset by 50 on all sides
    CGContextStrokeRect(pdfContext, CGRectMake(50, 50, pageRect.size.width – 100, pageRect.size.height – 100));
    // Adding some text on top of the image we just added
    CGContextSelectFont (pdfContext, "Helvetica", 30, kCGEncodingMacRoman);
    CGContextSetTextDrawingMode (pdfContext, kCGTextFill);
    CGContextSetRGBFillColor (pdfContext, 0, 0, 0, 1);
    const char *text = (char *)[@"Hello world" UTF8String];
    CGContextShowTextAtPoint (pdfContext, 260, 390, text, strlen(text));
    // End text
    // We are done drawing to this page, let’s end it
    // We could add as many pages as we wanted using CGContextBeginPage/CGContextEndPage
    CGContextEndPage (pdfContext);
    // We are done with our context now, so we release it
    CGContextRelease (pdfContext);
}