Predictive Utility of Alternate Measures of Physical Activity and Diet for Overweight and Obesity in Low-Income Minority Women
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose is to compare the predictive utility of alternate measures of diet and physical activity for overweight and obesity among low-income minority women.
Design
Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a cohort study.
Setting
Three public housing developments in South Los Angeles.
Subjects: Adult women (N = 425).
Measures
Primary outcome—weight status (normal BMI, overweight, or obese). Primary predictors— diet: 24-hour dietary recalls (Healthy Eating Index), dietary screener (intake of specific food groups), and single-item survey question (diet quality); physical activity: accelerometry (minutes/day of moderate-to-vigorous activity), short recall questionnaire (minutes/week of moderate and vigorous activity), and single-item questions (days per week did exercise; self-assessment of overall activity level).
Analysis
Multinomial logistic regression models, controlling for socio-demographic covariates. Models are built up starting with least resource-intensive measures of diet and physical activity (single items) and sequentially adding more resource-intensive measures. Model performance is assessed via information-based model selection indices.
Results
Adjusted relative risk for obesity for single-item measures ranged from .61 to .64 for diet (P < .01) and from .80 to .81 for physical activity (P <.05). The added value of resource-intensive measures was negligible for physical activity and at best small for diet.
Conclusion
Single-item questions for diet and physical activity can provide valuable information about risk for overweight and obesity in low-income minority women when more resource-intensive assessments are infeasible.
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Article first published online: January 27, 2022
Issue published: June 2022
Keywords
PubMed: 35081752
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