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Janata Parivar

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Janata Parivar (translated as Janata Family) is an umbrella term which refers to various political parties that emerged from Janata Dal. Janata Dal was formed through the merger of Janata Party factions, the Lok Dal, Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) and the Jan Morcha under the leadership of V. P. Singh on 11 October 1988 on the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan.[1][2]

By 1996 Indian general election Janata Dal gradually disintegrated into various smaller factions, largely regional parties Biju Janata Dal, Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (Secular) and Janata Dal (United).[3]

Some of the breakaway organisations have thrived as independent parties, some have become defunct, while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.

A formal union of some of these parties, the Janata Parivar Alliance, was formed in 2015 but became inactive after the withdrawal of various parties.On 14 April 2015, the RJD, Janata Dal (United), Janata Dal (Secular), the Indian National Lok Dal, Samajwadi Party, and Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) announced that they would merge into a new national Janata Parivar alliance in order to oppose the BJP, thus breaking their long time alliance with the INC.[4] This would give the alliance 14 Lok Sabha seats and 30 Rajya Sabha seats.[needs update]

Representation of active parties

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Party Abbreviation Foundation Party Supremo Fouder(s) [D] Current No. of MPs in Lok Sabha (As of November 22, 2025) Current No. of MPs in Rajya Sabha (As of November 22, 2025) Base State Alliance
Samajwadi Party SP 1992 Akhilesh Yadav Mulayam Singh Yadav 37 4 Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra I.N.D.I.A
Samata Party SAP 1994 Uday Mandal George Fernandes 0 0 Bihar NDA
Indian National Lok Dal INLD 1996 Om Prakash Chautala Chaudhary Devi Lal 0 0 Haryana None
Rashtriya Janata Dal RJD 1997 Lalu Prasad Yadav Lalu Prasad Yadav 4 5 Bihar, Jharkhand I.N.D.I.A[5]
Rashtriya Lok Dal RLD 1998 Jayant Chaudhary Chaudhary Ajit Singh 2 1 Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan NDA
Biju Janata Dal BJD 1997 Naveen Patnaik Naveen Patnaik 0 7 Odisha None
Janata Dal (United) JD(U) 1999 Nitish Kumar Nitish Kumar, Sharad Yadav, George Fernandes 12 4 Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh NDA[6]
Janata Dal (Secular) JD(S) 1999 H. D. Deve Gowda H. D. Deve Gowda 2 1 Karnataka, Kerala NDA
Socialist Janata Dal SJD 2014 V. V. Rajendran V. V. Rajendran 0 0 Kerala None
Hindustani Awam Morcha (Secular) HAM(S) 2015 Jitan Ram Manjhi Jitan Ram Manjhi 1 1 Bihar NDA
Jannayak Janta Party JJP 2018 Dushyant Chautala Ajay Singh Chautala, Dushyant Chautala 0 0 Haryana None
Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party RLJP 2021 Pashupati Kumar Paras Pashupati Kumar Paras 0 0 Bihar, Manipur None
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) LJP(RV) 2021 Chirag Paswan Chirag Paswan 5 0 Bihar, Nagaland NDA
Rashtriya Lok Morcha RLM 2023 Upendra Kushwaha Upendra Kushwaha 0 1 Bihar NDA
Janshakti Janata Dal JJD 2025 Tej Pratap Yadav Tej Pratap Yadav 0 0 Bihar NDA
Indian Socialist Janata Dal ISJD 2026 Mathew T. Thomas Mathew T. Thomas 0 0 Kerala LDF (Kerala)

List of breakaway parties

[edit]
Year Party Founder Region Status
1990 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) Chandra Shekhar Uttar Pradesh Abolished
1990 Janata Dal (Gujarat) Gujarat Abolished
1990 Janata Dal (Ajit) Ajit Singh Uttar Pradesh Merged with the Indian National Congress in the early 1990s
1992 Samajwadi Party Mulayam Singh Yadav Uttar Pradesh Active
1994 Samta Party Bihar Active now led by Uday Mandal.[7][8]
1997 Indian National Lok Dal Chaudhary Devi Lal Haryana Active
1997 Biju Janata Dal Naveen Patnaik Odisha Active
1997 Rashtriya Janata Dal Bihar Active
1998 Lok Shakti Ramakrishna Hegde Karnataka Merged with Janata Dal (United)
1998 Rashtriya Lok Dal Ajit Singh Uttar Pradesh Active
1999 Janata Dal (Secular) H. D. Deve Gowda Karnataka Active
2000 Lok Janshakti Party Ram Vilas Paswan Bihar Split into two Factions
2002 All India Progressive Janata Dal Ramakrishna Hegde Karnataka Dissolved in 2006
2003 Janata Dal (United) Active
2009 National Jan Morcha Ajeya Pratap Singh Uttar Pradesh Merged with the Indian National Congress
2010 Socialist Janata (Democratic) M. P. Veerendra Kumar Kerala Merged with Janata Dal (United) on 29 December 2014
2013 Rashtriya Lok Samta Party Upendra Kushwaha Bihar Merged with Janata Dal (United) on 14 March 2021
2014 Socialist Janata Dal V. V. Rajendran[9] Kerala Active[9]
2015 Hindustani Awam Morcha (Secular) Jitan Ram Manjhi Bihar Active
2015 Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik Pappu Yadav Bihar Merged with Indian National Congress
2018 Samajwadi Secular Morcha Shivpal Singh Yadav Uttar Pradesh Renamed as Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohiya) Merged with Samajwadi Party
2018 Jannayak Janta Party Haryana Active
2018 Loktantrik Janata Dal Sharad Yadav Merged with Rashtriya Janata Dal
2021 Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) Chirag Paswan Bihar Active
2021 Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party Pashupati Kumar Paras Bihar Active
2023 Rashtriya Lok Morcha Upendra Kushwaha Bihar Active party started as Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal in 2023
2025 Janshakti Janata Dal Tej Pratap Yadav Bihar Active
2026 Indian Socialist Janata Dal Mathew T. Thomas Kerala Active

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ N. Jose Chander (1 January 2004). Coalition Politics: The Indian Experience. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 35–. ISBN 978-81-8069-092-1. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
  2. ↑ India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics. Pearson Education India. 2010. pp. 334–. ISBN 978-81-317-2567-2. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  3. ↑ "Lalu green signal for Janata Parivar unity". Madan Kumar. The Times of India. 5 April 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
  4. ↑ "'Janata Parivar' formalised, Mulayam Singh named chief of new party | Zee News". Zeenews.india.com. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  5. ↑ Tewary, Amarnath (29 March 2024). "Mahagathbandhan announces seat-sharing in Bihar". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  6. ↑ "Bihar Political Crisis Live | Nitish Kumar takes oath as Bihar Chief Minister". The Hindu. 28 January 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  7. ↑ "BBCHindi". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  8. ↑ "महंगाई व बेरोजगारी के खिलाफ किया प्रदर्शन". Hindustan (in Hindi). Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  9. 1 2 "കേരളത്തില്‍ വര്‍ഗീയ രാഷ്ട്രീയത്തിന്റെ വേരറുക്കണം: സോഷ്യലിസ്റ്റ് ജനത ദള്‍ മധ്യമേഖലാ സമ്മേളനം". CCTV NEWS | KUNNAMKULAM. 3 October 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2025. Communal politics must be uprooted in Kerala: Socialist Janata Dal Central Region Conference


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