Anthropology

Using methods developed within cognitive anthropology, we examine the relationship between particular national discourses, cultural concepts and subjective ideas about the international system of nation-states referred to colloquially as countries in English, negara in Indonesian and prathet in Thai. The analysis is based on data collected among university students in Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand. Broadly speaking, Indonesian, Singaporean and Thai university students share a similar domain of ''countries'' and similar understanding of what a country is, but they differ in important respects in the descriptive language and cultural schemata they deploy in thinking about this domain. The study has implications for debates on the status of culture in social theory and geography and for the future of regional integration in Southeast Asia.

This report presents findings from a landmark study conducted with Indonesia's gay, biseks and MSM communities. Our aim, through this research, was to provide information and understandings that could shape and focus HIV and sexual health promotion and support activities. Successful health promotion relies on a thorough understanding of the characteristics, behaviours, values, beliefs and understandings of individuals in combination with a thorough understanding of the contexts, social structures, institutions and socio political environments in which individuals live their lives. To date, the evidence base in Indonesia has only been able to partially meet this need for this population. Behavioural surveillance, epidemiology and some individual level social data has helped to guide health promotion and support activities for this population in Indonesia. However, the evidence needs in of programs that utilise social influence, peer dissemination, normative change, mediated social change, structural policy development and more targeted intervention work is currently poorly served. The current program of four research projects aims to boost the evidence base in these areas and provide a much needed stimulus for discussion debate and action.

The representation of homosexuality in Indonesian media tends to be discriminative and negative, with stigma, prejudice, and stereotypes. It occurs not only in the mainstream but also in the cyber media such as online news-portals. The discriminating views against homosexuals have even penetrated into the political sphere. In 2012, when Dede Oetomo, an activist of LGBTIQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, and Queer) proposed as a candidate for the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) commissioner, various reactions arose from people as he was exposed by the media. The controversy of Dede Oetomo’s candidacy occurs and spread widely, especially amongst online media portals. The public resistance to Dede Oetomo is mostly due to his gay identity. This paper studies how Dede Oetomo’s candidacy as the Human Right Commissioner is portrayed in the Indonesian online portals, based on Robert Entman’s framing model. The results show the online media portals’ framing of...

We propose a detailed investigation of the schematic mode-coupling approach to experimental data, a method based on the use of simple mode-coupling equations to analyze the dynamics of supercooled liquids. Our aim here is to clarify different aspects of this approach that appeared so far uncontrolled or arbitrary, and to validate the results obtained from previous works. Analyzing the theoretical foundations of the approach, we first identify the parameters of the theory playing a key role and obtain simple requirements to be met by a schematic model for its use in this context. Then we compare the results obtained from the schematic analysis of a given set of experimental data with a variety of models and show that they are all perfectly consistent. A number of potential biases in the method are identified and ruled out by the choice of appropriate models. Finally, reference spectra computed from the mode-coupling theory for a model simple liquid are analyzed along the same lines as experimental data, allowing us to show that, despite the strong simplification in the description of the dynamics it involves, the method is free from spurious artifacts and provides accurate estimates of important parameters of the theory. The only exception is the exponent parameter, the evaluation of which is hindered, as for other methods, by corrections to the asymptotic laws of the theory present when the dynamics is known only in a limited time or frequency range.

PAUD memilik nilai strategis pendidikan karena dapat memfasiltasi masa emas pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Terkait dengan pembangunan pendidikan yang berbasis bela negara, masing-masing daerah memerlukan pendidikan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik daerah. Karakterisik yang berbeda juga terdapat pada satuan-satuan pendidikan yang mempunyai peserta didik dengan latar belakang dan kondisi yang beragam. Karenanya kurikulum sebagai jantung pendidikan perlu dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan secara kontekstual untuk merespon kebutuhan bela negera, satuan pendidikan, dan anak di masa kini dan masa mendatang.  Permasalahan Pelayanan pendidikan kepada anak usia dini (PAUD) seharusnya adalah dengan metode belajar sambil bermain atau bermain sambil belajar. Kebanyakan PAUD yang beroperasi di masyarakat lebih menekankan kepada aspek akademik dan kurang menekankan kepada pengembangan aspek psikomotorik. Akibatnya, murid-murid PAUD lebih dibebankan dengan pembelajaran Calistung, baca tulis hi...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh program Belajar Radio “Free Radio Class” terhadap persepsi khalayak dan kemampuan berbicara di depan umum. Teori yang yang relevan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Self-Efficacy Bandura. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta yang mengikuti program Belajar Radio “Free Radio Class” dengan jumlah sampel 90 responden. Teknik analisis pengaruh variabel X terhadap variabel Y menggunakan uji koefisien determinasi. Teknik pengujian data diproses menggunakan program SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) versi 23. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa korelasi dan variabel pengaruh program “Free Radio Class” dengan variabel persepsi khalayak adalah sangat kuat dan pengaruh program “Free Radio Class” dengan variabel kemampuan berbicara adalah kuat. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan koefisien determinasi diperoleh hasil adanya penga...

Nation as a cultural-psychological phenomenon is best understood in terms of how a sense of nationhood operates in order to construct social identities or a social imagination about the modern nation-state (Anderson 1983). The forging of nationalism as a national identity cannot be seen in isolation of the rise of modernization and industrialization (Gellner 1987). Although the nation appears to be a modern phenomenon, Smith (1991) stresses that every nation preserves its own past historical artefacts, narratives, and symbols for present-day needs. This model needs to be elaborated further as it is insufficient to understand how a sense of nationhood operates among borderlanders of a state. This paper relates the story of Kalimantan's Iban borderlanders who are officially registered as Indonesian subjects but live on the dividing line between two countries. This makes them appear to be ambiguous subjects who are torn between the two different historical timelines of British and Dutch colonial history (as well as postcolonial Malaysian-Indonesian history). They are marginalized in every aspect and are the forgotten subjects in the history of the broader picture of Indonesia's so-called nationalism project. The explanation is twofold. The first explains how identity is constructed as multi-layered historical narratives involving local and national cultures, and second, how transnational borderlanders give meaning to nation as narrative. The primary data for this article were collected in 2002 through a series of interviews in the village of Benua Sadap, an Iban settlement on the Batang Kanyau River, close to the West Kalimantan (Indonesia) and Sarawak (Malaysia) borderline.

Indonesia and their connections to transnational movements under state-led development and neoliberal governance regimes. The authors argue that environmental movements of the last quarter of the twentieth century affected the strategies, struggles, mutual relations with, and public discourses of resurgent agrarian movements in diverse ways. Environmental movements had significant influences on national policy, law and practice within a decade of their emergence under the state-led development regime of President Suharto. Environmental activists used the appearance of technical 'apolitical' concerns to their advantage. They mobilized at multiple scales, targeting laws and other institutions of state power at the same time as organizing the grassroots. The repression of the Suharto regime forced agrarian reform activists underground, while environmental issues were mainstreamed. Agrarian movements in Indonesia today, under a decentralized regime dominated by neoliberal policies, have faced new opportunities and constraints due to national and transnational influences of environmental and agrarian reform discourses and networks. We show how these influences have changed the political fields within which Indonesian agrarian movement groups operate: forming, shifting and struggling over critical alliances.

While the size and speculative nature of land transactions in the wake of energy, food and climate crises have surprised observers, the reasons for partial implementation of many land developments remain largely unexamined. This contribution investigates trajectories of land acquisition and enclosure by analyzing four acquisition processes in Indonesia -those associated with rice, oil palm, Jatropha and carbon sequestration -considering their implications for comparative studies elsewhere. The paper finds that current patterns of land use change represent a continuation of ongoing land transformation processes. It describes the logic leading to partial realization of large-scale schemes. Highlighting the importance of interactions between formal and vernacular rural land development processes, the essay concludes that many large-scale schemes are better understood as virtual land acquisitions.

Agriculture Beyond Food: Experiences from Indonesia. The Hague: NWO/WOTRO. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the authors / publisher.

This paper explores the actors, social networks, and narratives at national and global levels that have been contributing to creating a hype about Jatropha as a biofuel crop in Indonesia. Widespread concerns about climate change and the 2005-2006 rise of world crude oil prices had created the important momentum for promoting Jatropha based biofuel around the world. What have been the drivers behind this hype and which narratives have been spread? The paper discusses the difference between hypes and boom-and-bust patterns, and argues that the latter is not applicable to Jatropha, because a market for Jatropha products has not been developed yet. In terms of the actors' contributions to this hype, the paper highlights the important role of engineers in mobilizing public support for Jatropha activities. Drawing on the results from interviews and secondary analysis, the paper reports how they have spread the news and claims through the Internet, creating public expectations about the potentials of the crop. Those narratives include one specifically Indonesian argument for supporting Jatropha cultivation appealing to the collective memory about Jatropha during the Japanese occupation period in Indonesia.

Climate change will continue to have a largely detrimental impact on the agricultural sector worldwide because of predicted rising temperatures, variable rainfall, and an increase in extreme weather events. Reduced crop yields will lead to higher food prices and increased hardship for low income populations, especially in urban areas. Action on climate change is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 13) and is linked to the Paris Climate Agreement. The research challenge posed by climate change is so complex that a trans-disciplinary response is required, one that brings together researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in networks where the lines between “research” and “development” become deliberately blurred. Fostering such networks will require researchers, throughout the world, not only to work across disciplines but also to pursue new South–North and South–South partnerships incorporating policy-makers and practitioners. We use our diverse research experiences to ...

Ini adalah hasil penelitian antropologis tentang kewirausahaan sosial pada sebuah lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan penyelesaian sengketa lahan antara warga dengan perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kalimantan Barat, LSM dapat mempertahankan eksistensinya. Akses terhadap penyelesaian sengketa lahan secara non litigasi di tingkat internasional mampu dicapai LSM melalui mekanisme kedekatan dengan pasar, dan tenaga kerja dan kerja-kerja (labor) peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat yang dilakukan LSM dalam rangka membangun otoritas atas perwalian penyelesaian sengketa. Tesis ini memahami akses terhadap penyelesaian sengketa di tingkat internasional tidak akan terwujud tanpa kemampuan memanfaatkan sumberdaya yang ada menjadi modal (kapitalisasi), mengakumulasikannya, dan mempertukarkannya dengan subyek lain dalam berbagai interaksi sosial.

Crescent-chested Babbler is endemic to the island of Java and Bali, Indonesia and protected by the Indonesian Government Regulation No. 7/ 1999. Its population is suspected to be declining due to ongoing habitat destruction and fragmentation. Information on its eco-biology is very poorly known. There is a need to obtain the information in order to conserve this species and its habitat. Morphometric and molt stages were recorded from 23 individuals captured by mist-nets between February and April 2016. There were variations in morphometric measurement in weight, head bill length, wing length and tail length in Cisarua Forest habitat, but no significant difference was found (F2.19 = 0.822, P> 0.05) in body weight among the three different habitats. This habitat has sufficient resource for Crescent-crested Babbler for molt activity during the study.

As an agricultural country, the vast majority of Indonesians rely on agriculture as the primary income. Climate change becomes a challenge for the farmers to be able to produce qualified crops. The farmers are motivated to study and work simultaneously in order to adapt with the climate change. This article comes from a question about how the farmers interpret messages in order to enrich their knowledge about farming. The reseacrh conducts a cognitive approach with participant observatory method which the researcher is directly involved to observe and dig the information from the informants. This paper implies that farmers interpret messages based on their experience and their needs. As a consequence, there are various interpretations among them. However, there is a similar pattern among this diversity : the farmers learn to produce agriculture products so that it can improve their lives.

Important lesson of the two in the ethnographic work even when doing ethnographic research, ethics and emic is not a separate thing. Both are an integral part in the research process as well as in his writing. So, in an ethnographic work could not leave ethics, or leave emic, but they must appear in accordance with periodesasinya respectively.

Pernahkah anda memasak di kamar tidur anda? atau beribadah di kamar mandi anda ? ataupun mandi di ruang tamu? Ya, hal ini adalah aturan-aturan dasar atas akifitas kita di dalam rumah yang didasarkan atas pengkategorian berbagai aktifitas serta penempatan dan penyalurannya pada bilik/ruang tertentu, entah tertulis ataupun tidak. Jika anda belum pernah melakukannya secara harfiah di rumah anda, mungkin anda pernah melakukannya pada rumah yang lebih luas artiannya, seperti lingkungan sosial, atau dalam konteks anda sebagai warga negara, atau di dunia digital/social media?!

kemajuan teknologi agaknya menemukan jalan pulang menuju akar peradaban yang telah lama ditinggalkan. Beragamnya produk teknologi di masa kini dimulai dari pemecahan enkripsi penting pada masa perang dunia ke dua sebagai titik lahirnya komputer serta smartphone serbaguna yang kita genggam dan menyertai kehidupan kita sekarang hingga ke perlengkapan multi tools layaknya pisau lipat serbaguna hingga peralatan dapur blender/juicer serbaguna.