François Chollet (@fchollet) / X

François Chollet

25.4K posts

François Chollet

@fchollet

Co-founder @ndea. Co-founder @arcprize. Creator of Keras and ARC-AGI. Author of 'Deep Learning with Python'.

United States

Joined August 2009

Pinned
François Chollet
@fchollet
Sep 18, 2025
The 3rd edition of my book Deep Learning with Python is being printed right now, and will be in bookstores within 2 weeks. You can order it now from Amazon or from Manning. This time, we're also releasing the whole thing as a 100% free website. I don't care if it reduces book
917K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Oct 30, 2025
Crawling isn't innate (unlike walking). Every baby must *invent* crawling, from scratch, using extremely little data, and no reference to imitate. Which is why different babies end up with different ways of crawling. Sometimes people tell me, "you say AI isn't intelligent until
Sara Hooker
@sarahookr
Oct 30, 2025
Adaptable Intelligence. Multiple possible paths to an objective.
00:00
7.6M
François Chollet
@fchollet
Aug 25, 2025
NVIDA chips are manufactured by TSMC, a Taiwanese company. They're created using EUV lithography machines manufactured by ASML, a Dutch company. These machines consist of >50% of German parts (by value), in particular ZEISS optics.
2.2M
François Chollet
@fchollet
Nov 4, 2021
François Chollet
@fchollet
Mar 21, 2018
The problem with Facebook is not *just* the loss of your privacy and the fact that it can be used as a totalitarian panopticon. The more worrying issue, in my opinion, is its use of digital information consumption as a psychological control vector. Time for a thread
François Chollet
@fchollet
Aug 25, 2025
Replying to @fchollet
The most interesting fact about this globalized chain is the number of irreplaceable single points of failure. There's only one company that can make these chips at scale. It runs on equipment that only one company can make. Out of parts that only one company can make.
228K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Dec 20, 2024
TikTok just open-sourced their recommender system framework (Monolith) -- and it uses Keras This means that nearly all the major recommender systems in the industry are built on Keras -- YouTube, TikTok, Spotify, Snap, X/Twitter, and many more (Grubhub...)
920K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Oct 30, 2025
Replying to @guy_dar1
There is no AI approach that can do what these babies do, not even close. The sample efficiency gap (at equal space dimensionality) is 3-4 OOM. So if the bar is "baby level invention", AI isn't anywhere close.
279K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Aug 6, 2023
YYYY-MM-DD is obviously the best date format: it's the one where alphanumerical order matches chronological order.
854K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Dec 20, 2024
Today OpenAI announced o3, its next-gen reasoning model. We've worked with OpenAI to test it on ARC-AGI, and we believe it represents a significant breakthrough in getting AI to adapt to novel tasks. It scores 75.7% on the semi-private eval in low-compute mode (for $20 per task
2.2M
François Chollet
@fchollet
Sep 17, 2025
Software engineers shouldn't fear being replaced by AI. They should fear being asked to maintain the sprawling mess of AI-generated legacy code their employer's systems will soon run on. Because that one will actually happen.
332K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Sep 4, 2024
Computing used to feel fast -- everything ran locally, software was mostly in C/C++ and was kept in check by the need to run on all kinds of old hardware. Now any one of my Chrome tabs is using 100x more RAM than a NeXT workstation had in total.
428K
François Chollet
@fchollet
Jan 21, 2023
What people don't realize is that this is the default state of housing in a market economy, and it's great for consumers. Turning aging homes into an investment vehicle by artificially constraining supply, the way it's done in the US and many other places, is extremely harmful.
1M
François Chollet
@fchollet
Mar 2, 2025
Twitter used to be my favorite place on the Internet. I've derived enormous value from it in the past 16 years. Not true anymore. Most of the people I enjoyed reading have left. My feed, which used to feature art and science and technology and humor, has become constant
457K