一 网络拓扑
如上如：
2台Leaf设备建立手工VXLAN隧道，实现二层网络打通；
然后2台R路由器通过IBGP（AS100）建立BGP邻居学习路由；
二 设备配置
2.1 Leaf01设备配置
1.Leaf01配置Underlay
#
sysname Leaf01
#
ip unreachables enable
ip ttl-expires enable
#
lldp global enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.1 //发布互联地址和loopback地址
area 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
network 6.6.6.1 0.0.0.0
#
interface LoopBack0
description router-id&vtep
ip address 6.6.6.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
port link-mode route
description TO-Leaf02
combo enable fiber
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
#
2.Leaf01配置Overlay静态VXLAN
#
l2vpn enable //全局使能 evpn功能
#
interface Tunnel1 mode vxlan //配置tunnel接口，隧道原和目的为loopback地址
source 6.6.6.1
destination 6.6.6.2
#
vsi vpn1 //配置vpn实例，绑定vxlan和vxlan隧道接口
vxlan 10
tunnel 1
#
vlan 10 //vlan配置
description YW
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 //连接PC接口绑定vlan和对应的vpn
port link-mode bridge
description TO-R1
port access vlan 10
#
service-instance 1000
encapsulation s-vid 10
xconnect vsi vpn1
#
2.2 Leaf02设备配置
#
1.Leaf02配置Underlay
sysname Leaf02
#
ip unreachables enable
ip ttl-expires enable
#
lldp global enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.2 //发布互联地址和loopback地址
area 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
network 6.6.6.2 0.0.0.0
#
interface LoopBack0
description router-id&vtep
ip address 6.6.6.2 255.255.255.255
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
port link-mode route
description TO-Leaf01
combo enable fiber
ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
#
2.Leaf02配置Overlay静态VXLAN
#
l2vpn enable //全局使能 evpn功能
#
interface Tunnel1 mode vxlan //配置tunnel接口，隧道原和目的为loopback地址
source 6.6.6.2
destination 6.6.6.1
#
vsi vpn1 //配置vpn实例，绑定vxlan和vxlan隧道接口
vxlan 10
tunnel 1
#
vlan 10 //vlan配置
description YW
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 //发布互联地址和loopback地址
port link-mode bridge
port access vlan 10
#
service-instance 1000
encapsulation s-vid 10
xconnect vsi vpn1
#
2.3 R1设备
sysname R1
#
ip unreachables enable
ip ttl-expires enable
#
lldp global enable
#
interface LoopBack0 //模拟业务地址
description R1-YW
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
port link-mode route
description TO-Leaf01
combo enable copper
ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
#
bgp 100 //使用互联地址建立bgp邻居并发布业务地址
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100
#
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255
peer 2.2.2.2 enable
#
2.4 R2设备
sysname R2
#
ip unreachables enable
ip ttl-expires enable
#
lldp global enable
#
interface LoopBack0 //模拟业务地址
description R2-YW
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
port link-mode route
description TO-Leaf01
combo enable copper
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
#
bgp 100 //使用互联地址建立bgp邻居并发布业务地址
peer 2.2.2.1 as-number 100
#
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255
peer 2.2.2.1 enable
#
三 设备状态查看
3.1 Leaf01设备查看
<Leaf01>display interface tunnel //vxlan隧道接口查看
Tunnel1
Current state: UP
Line protocol state: UP
Description: Tunnel1 Interface
Bandwidth: 64 kbps
Maximum transmission unit: 1464
Internet protocol processing: Disabled
Last clearing of counters: Never
Tunnel source 6.6.6.1, destination 6.6.6.2
Tunnel protocol/transport UDP_VXLAN/IP
Last 300 seconds input rate: 166 bytes/sec, 1328 bits/sec, 1 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate: 167 bytes/sec, 1336 bits/sec, 1 packets/sec
Input: 1059 packets, 102589 bytes, 0 drops
Output: 1066 packets, 103314 bytes, 0 drops
<Leaf01>display l2vpn vsi
Total number of VSIs: 1, 1 up, 0 down, 0 admin down
VSI Name VSI Index MTU State
vpn1 0 1500 Up
<Leaf01>display l2vpn vsi verbose //svi接口状态查看
VSI Name: vpn1
VSI Index : 0
VSI State : Up
MTU : 1500
Bandwidth : -
Broadcast Restrain : -
Multicast Restrain : -
Unknown Unicast Restrain: -
MAC Learning : Enabled
MAC Table Limit : -
MAC Learning rate : -
Drop Unknown : -
Flooding : Enabled
VXLAN ID : 10
Tunnels:
Tunnel Name Link ID State Type Flood proxy
Tunnel1 0x5000001 UP Manual Disabled
ACs:
AC Link ID State Type
GE1/0/1 srv1000 0 Up Manual
<Leaf01>display l2vpn mac-address //堆叠设备mac地址查看
* - The output interface is issued to another VSI
MAC Address State VSI Name Link ID/Name Aging
0a0d-97c3-0305 Dynamic vpn1 GE1/0/1 Aging
0a0d-9b50-0405 Dynamic vpn1 Tunnel1 Aging
--- 2 mac address(es) found ---
<Leaf01>dis vxlan tunnel //查看vxlan隧道
Total number of VXLANs: 1
Total number of VXLAN tunnels: 1
VXLAN ID: 10, VSI name: vpn1, Total tunnels: 1 (1 up, 0 down, 0 defect, 0 blocked)
Tunnel name Source Destination State Type Flood proxy Out VNI
Tun1 6.6.6.1 6.6.6.2 UP Manual Disabled -
3.2 Leaf02设备查看
<Leaf02>display interface tunnel //vxlan隧道接口查看
Tunnel1
Current state: UP
Line protocol state: UP
Description: Tunnel1 Interface
Bandwidth: 64 kbps
Maximum transmission unit: 1464
Internet protocol processing: Disabled
Last clearing of counters: Never
Tunnel source 6.6.6.2, destination 6.6.6.1
Tunnel protocol/transport UDP_VXLAN/IP
Last 300 seconds input rate: 147 bytes/sec, 1176 bits/sec, 1 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate: 145 bytes/sec, 1160 bits/sec, 1 packets/sec
Input: 1067 packets, 103380 bytes, 0 drops
Output: 1060 packets, 102674 bytes, 0 drops
<Leaf02>display l2vpn vsi //svi接口状态查看
Total number of VSIs: 1, 1 up, 0 down, 0 admin down
VSI Name VSI Index MTU State
vpn1 0 1500 Up
<Leaf02>display l2vpn vsi verbose //堆叠设备mac地址查看
VSI Name: vpn1
VSI Index : 0
VSI State : Up
MTU : 1500
Bandwidth : -
Broadcast Restrain : -
Multicast Restrain : -
Unknown Unicast Restrain: -
MAC Learning : Enabled
MAC Table Limit : -
MAC Learning rate : -
Drop Unknown : -
Flooding : Enabled
VXLAN ID : 10
Tunnels:
Tunnel Name Link ID State Type Flood proxy
Tunnel1 0x5000001 UP Manual Disabled
ACs:
AC Link ID State Type
GE1/0/2 srv1000 0 Up Manual
<Leaf02>display l2vpn mac-address //堆叠设备mac地址查看
* - The output interface is issued to another VSI
MAC Address State VSI Name Link ID/Name Aging
0a0d-97c3-0305 Dynamic vpn1 Tunnel1 Aging
0a0d-9b50-0405 Dynamic vpn1 GE1/0/2 Aging
--- 2 mac address(es) found ---
<Leaf02>dis vxlan tunnel //查看vxlan隧道
Total number of VXLANs: 1
Total number of VXLAN tunnels: 1
VXLAN ID: 10, VSI name: vpn1, Total tunnels: 1 (1 up, 0 down, 0 defect, 0 blocked)
Tunnel name Source Destination State Type Flood proxy Out VNI
Tun1 6.6.6.2 6.6.6.1 UP Manual Disabled -
3.3 R1设备查看
<R1>display ip rou
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.2.1/32 BGP 255 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
<R1>dis bgp peer ipv4
BGP local router ID: 192.168.1.1
Local AS number: 100
Total number of peers: 1 Peers in established state: 1
* - Dynamically created peer
Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up/Down State
2.2.2.2 100 15 18 0 1 00:12:13 Established
<R1>dis bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 2
BGP local router ID is 192.168.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
* > 192.168.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
* >i 192.168.2.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
<R1>
3.4 R2设备查看
<R2>display ip rou
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.1.1/32 BGP 255 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
192.168.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
<R2>dis bgp peer ipv4
BGP local router ID: 192.168.2.1
Local AS number: 100
Total number of peers: 1 Peers in established state: 1
* - Dynamically created peer
Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up/Down State
2.2.2.1 100 18 16 0 1 00:11:16 Established
<R2>dis bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 2
BGP local router ID is 192.168.2.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
* >i 192.168.1.1/32 2.2.2.1 0 100 0 i
* > 192.168.2.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
<R2>
四 业务测试
4.1 R1业务测试
<R1>dis ip ro
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.2.1/32 BGP 255 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
<R1>
<R1>dis bgp peer ipv4
BGP local router ID: 192.168.1.1
Local AS number: 100
Total number of peers: 1 Peers in established state: 1
* - Dynamically created peer
Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up/Down State
2.2.2.2 100 96 115 0 1 01:35:42 Established
<R1>
<R1>ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.1
Ping 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) from 192.168.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL+C to break
56 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=1.096 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.087 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.304 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.819 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.105 ms
--- Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.087/1.282/1.819/0.280 ms
<R1>%Jun 2 13:14:52:067 2026 R1 PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.087/1.282/1.819/0.280 ms.
<R1>tracert -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.1
traceroute to 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) from 192.168.1.1, 30 hops at most, 40 bytes each packet, press CTRL+C to break
1 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) 2.072 ms 0.892 ms 4.878 ms
<R1>
4.2 R2业务测试
<R2>dis ip ro
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 GE0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
192.168.1.1/32 BGP 255 0 2.2.2.1 GE0/0
192.168.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
<R2>
<R2>dis bgp peer ipv4
BGP local router ID: 192.168.2.1
Local AS number: 100
Total number of peers: 1 Peers in established state: 1
* - Dynamically created peer
Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up/Down State
2.2.2.1 100 115 97 0 1 01:26:32 Established
<R2>
<R2>
<R2>ping -a 192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1
Ping 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) from 192.168.2.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL+C to break
56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=3.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
--- Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.800/3.000/0.748 ms
<R2>%Jun 2 13:06:17:907 2026 R2 PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.800/3.000/0.748 ms.
<R2>
<R2>tracert -a 192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1
traceroute to 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) from 192.168.2.1, 30 hops at most, 40 bytes each packet, press CTRL+C to break
1 2.2.2.1 (2.2.2.1) 2.000 ms 1.000 ms 1.000 ms
<R2>
五 抓包查看
5.1 Leaf01连接Leaf02接口抓包-UDP4789为VXLAN报文
5.2 两端R设备通过中间VXLAN二层互通建立BGP邻居学习路由
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