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#2658. the big table the table that is big δط[generative_grammar][syntax][adjective][semantics]

2016-08-06

ѷʸˡʤɤǤϡƻ줬ˡ (attributive use) ȤѤƤ the big table Ȥϡˡ (predicative use) ȤѤƤ the table that is big Ȥ礫ŪΤȹͤƤԤδطϢ be Ĥäƻ̾˰ưȤ§Τ¿μ㤬Τ褦褦ˤפ뤬Ūˤɬ⤦ޤʤBolinger ͳ򤤤Ĥ󤲤Ƥ롥
1ܤˡˡȤƤѤʤƻ줬¿롥㤨Сthe main reason ȤϸƤ *The reason is main. Ȥϸʤfond, runaway, total ۤƱηƻϤ󤢤 (see #643. ΩȤȯ -ed IJʬƻ ([2011-01-30-1])#712. ΩȤȯ -ed IJʬƻ (2) ([2011-04-09-1])#1916. ˡȽˡǰۤʤ֤ķƻ ([2014-07-26-1])) ȿФˡThe man is asleep. Ф *the asleep man Ȥϸʤ褦ˡˡȤƤѤʤƻ⤢롥طꤹʤСʤ *The reason is main. ʸǤʤ顤the main reason ŬʤǤΤʤ⤦1ĤˤĤƤϡʤ The man is asleep. *the asleep man ؤޤʤΤʤФʤʤ
2ܤˡѷʸˡĹξäǤˤϤطꤹ뤳ȤǡषξФƤޤäƤȤȤThe jewels are stolen. the stolen jewels 󤲤褦The jewels are stolen. ϡ֤ФޤפȤ԰٤ɤߤȡ֤ФʤǤפȤɤߤꡤξŪǤ롥ꤵ the stolen jewels ɤߤʤξŪǤϤʤȤǡʳˤȹͤ the jewels stolen ɤߤϤꤨ԰٤ɤߤȤʤꡤξŪǤϤʤȡνȯãɤߤϡ줾֡ס?ס֡פȤʤꡤν֤ȤʤȡŪǤ롥
Bolinger Ͼ嵭2İʳˤ⡤Ȥʤͳۤˤ󤲤Ƥ뤬ε̤ƼĥƤΤϡˡ "reference modification" Ǥꡤˡ "referent modification" ǤȤȤThe lawyer is criminal. ֤۸ΤȺԤפˤơƻ criminal ϼλؼоݤǤ֤۸Ρפ򽤾Ƥ롥the criminal lawyer ַ۸Ρפˤơcriminal Ϥ۸ΤɤΤ褦۸ΤʤΤȤ̤򼨤Ƥ롥СWhat kind of lawyer? ȤƤ criminal (lawyer) ȤȤ
ɸ2ĤζСthe big table the table that is big ϡߤȤطˤȤϡ̣Ū˰ۤʤɽȤȤ館٤Ǥ롥ԤϤΥơ֥μɽȤƤΤФơԤϤΥơ֥̤Ƥ롥
ºݤˤϤۤñʵǤϤʤΤˡȽˡκͤǽפʥݥȤǤ롥

Bolinger, Dwight. "Adjectives in English: Attribution and Predication." Lingua 19 (1967): 1--34.

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