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ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2010-04-27 Tue

#365. Eskimo [inuit][loan_word][native_american][language_death]

ε[2010-04-26-1] Eskimo θˤĤƿ줿Eskimo Ȥϡ르󥭥² ( The Algonquian ) ʬ٤ʬ̱ۤ²ؤƸƤ̾ǡ򿩤ԡפΰդǤ롥ߤǤϤθƾΤ offensive Ȥߤʤ뤳ȤΤǡ Inuit ȸƤФ뤳Ȥ¿θ Inuktitut ȸƤФ롥
ꥫǥθʬŪǤ롥Ĥƥꥫǥδ֤Ǥ300ʾθ줬äƤȤ1970ǯޤǤˤοȾΤͰʾüԤʤΤ50ۤɤ˲᤮ʤȤʸλˤĤƤϡ[2010-01-26-1] language_death 򻲾ȡˤΥꥫǥ50ۤ²ؤʬव뤬²֤Ӹ²ηطˤĤƤϰ¿̱²ŪˤϥϤȤ졤ˤ錄١󥰳 ( the Bering Strait ) ۤǥꥫؤäƤŪ˥ϽȤΤĤʤ꤬ǧƤΤ Eskimo-Aleut ²°ΤߤǤ롥Eskimo-Aleut ²ȤϡߤǤ Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Aleutian Islands, Siberia äƤޤȤ᤿ƾΤǡEskimo ϤΤʤä˼פʸǤ롥Eskimo 줽켫Ȥ Inuit Yupik Ѽؤʬव롥դξܺ٤ Ethnologue ε Crystal ( Language 322 ) 򻲾Ȥ줿
ߥʥǤϡ轻̱²ؤŪʸƾΤȤƤ Native people Ѥ뤳Ȥ¿⤦Ĥιǧ줿ƾΤȤ First Nation ȤΤ뤬ԤۤŪǤϤʤȤ롥ޤ轻̱ܤϿѤ ( Status Indians ) ݤ ( Non-status Indians ) ǸƾΤ̤ ( Svartvik and Leech 94 )ƹƱ͡ʥǤ̱²̾̾ˤ sensitive ꤬ĤޤȤ褦
ơѸȤδϢǤСInuit Ѹ˼Ѥ줿줬ĤΤǾҲ𤷤ޤϡAlaska "great land" ΰաanorak, igloo, kayak 褯ΤƤ롥ѸȤϰۤʤ뤬Inuit äѸ줫 white-out "weather conditions in which there is so much snow or cloud that it is impossible to see anything" ɸѸäȤΤⶽ̣ ( Crystal, English Language 343 )

Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 1997.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2003. 126.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.

Referrer (Inside): [2010-10-01-1]

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2010-04-26 Mon

#364. The Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax [sapir-whorf_hypothesis][linguistic_relativism][typology][inuit][history_of_linguistics][language_myth][fetishism]

Eskimo ( Inuit ) ˤɽääϡʹȤͤ¿ԥդβ ( Sapir-Whorf hypothesis ) 뤤ϸŪ ( linguistic relativism ) εǷޤäƽФǤ롥κˡؤμȤܤǤ褯вä㿼ʥ̶˷䥰꡼ɤ˽ Inuit θˤɽ줬¾¿¸ߤȤλ¤ʸθؤȿǤˤۤʤʤΤ褦ʸˤƸȤ복ǰϡ٤òΤǤ롤Ȥĥ
ǤϤ줬ޤäΥǤ뤳ȤȽƤ롥ߤǤͭ̾ʤΡ֥⡼פΰäϡؤȤǥߥåǵ뤳ȤʤĹȼѤƤ̤ο͡δ֤ˤ⹭ΤϤäƤȤBoas Whorf ˤΤܤäƾ󸻤οΤᡤInuit θħ˾Ȥ餷ƺƹͤȤޤǥǥȤȤ狼äΤǤ롥ؼԤˤäƤϡ֥⡼פ400줢Ȥ200줢Ȥ졤48ǤȤ9ǤȤ񤤤ˤ2˲᤮ʤȤޤǽФƤơ⤽ⲿջȤȤϴ롥ޤε Inuit ȤоݤȤƻФƤѸǤ顤ʤȤ˷빽ʼäΤǤ롥㤨СPinker (54) 11󤲤Ƥ롥

snow, sleet, slush, blizzard, avalanche, hail, hardpack, powder, flurry, dusting, snizzling


Inuit ϡ෿Ūˤʣ ( polysynthetic language ) Ȥפ°롥伫Ȥ Inuit ΤʤΤǾܤʤϤʤϡInuit ʸˡħ˾Ȥ餷ơɽʣΰ۷֤ɤ뤫Ȥ˵夹褦󸻤ΥåŤäȡInuit ̩ʸˡҤ̵뤷ƿФƤȤˤꡤäĹ館ƤΤϤ䡤ʤС
ػ˾祤ޤȤ⤤뤳ΰäϺǤ The Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax ȸƤФƤ뤬ޤ˺ѤƤ롥 Hoax ɤΤ褦˼Ѥ졤Ĺ館ƤˤĤƤϡMartin ʸ⤷
ʤߤˡܸäˤĤƤηǤϤϤ¸ŷβλ˿Ԥ繥ʶʤΰġξϤޤӤ롥

ߤĤ㡡㡡㡡ޤ
ŷڤˤϼĤΡ㤬ߤȤ
㡡Ĥ㡡錄㡡
ߤ㡡㡡Ԥɹ


Pinker, Steven. The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language. New York: W. Morrow, 1994. New York : HarperPerennial, 1995.
Martin, Laura. "Eskimo Words for Snow: A Case Study in the Genesis and Decay of an Anthropological Sample." American Anthropologist. New Series. 88 (1986): 418--23.

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