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modulation - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2022-10-08 Sat

#4912. ̣Ĵˤʲطʲ [semantics][modulation][collocation][metonymy]

ε#4911. ̣Ĵˤ뾺ʤȹ߳ʡ ([2022-10-07-1]) ˰³ʸ̮Ϳ̣Ĵ (semantic modulation) ˤĤơ
̣Ĵˤϡ (promotion) ߳ (demotion) ȻƤϤ뤬̼Υפ롥"highlighting" "backgrounding" ȸΤ̡줾ʲסطʲפƤCruse (53) 㤬ʬ䤹

Another effect of contextual modulation on the sense of a lexical unit involves the relative highlighting or backgrounding of semantic traits. Different sorts of trait can be affected in this way. Two examples will suffice. First, some part of an object (or process, etc.) may be thrown into relief relative to other parts. For instance, The car needs servicing and The car needs washing highlight different parts of the car. (This is not to say that car refers to something different in each of these sentences --- in both cases is is the whole car which is referred to.) Second, it is commonly the case that what is highlighted or backgrounded is an attribute, or range of attributes, of the entity referred to. For instance, We can't afford that car highlights the price of the car, Our car crushed Arthur's foot its weight. It is in respect of 'contextually modulated sense' that a lexical unit may be justifiably said to have a different meaning in every distinct context in which it occurs.


ʸ̮˱Ʊ car Ȥ˰̣ĴƯ̯Ƥ櫓ʲʤطʲˤϡؼоݤΡʬפ°פܤǡȥ˥ߡ (metonymy) ȴط

Cruse, D. A. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: CUP, 1986.

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2022-10-07 Fri

#4911. ̣Ĵˤ뾺ʤȹ߳ [semantics][modulation][collocation]

ΰ̣ʸ̮ˤäĴ븽ݤϡ̣Ĵ (semantic modulation) ȸƤФ롥̣ĴܼȤϢ³ŪήưŪǡ̯ʤΤǤ롥̣Ĵμ1Ĥ˾ (promotion) ȹ߳ (demotion) 롥ʸ̮ˤꤢΰ̣ħ "canonical" ˤʤä硤ΰ̣ħϾʤ줿Ȥ롥ȿФˡ̣ħʤʤä硤Ϲ߳ʤ줿Ȥ롥Cruse (52) 󤲤褦

(1) A nurse attended us.
(2) A pregnant nurse attended us.

(1) nurse ˤϡ¿ξֽפȤ̣ħޤޤƤͽ롥餯Ǥꤽ餯ǤϤʤۤɤͽǤ롥
(2) nurse ˤäƤϡֽפȤ̣ħ "canonical" Ǥ롤Ĥޤ᤹ɬܤΰ̣ħǤ롥ʸ̮ʤ뤤 pregnant ȤζˤˤäợħֽפñˤꤽȤϰ̤顤ǤʤФʤʤȤϰ̤˾ʤȤȤդˤСפȤ̣ħϡˤäƤϤȤϰ̤顤ФˤʤȤϰ̤˹߳ʤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥
⤦1󤲤С

(3) Arthur poured the butter into a dish.

Ȥʸˤơbutter ɬŪˡֱפȤ̣ħӤӤ롥̾ butter αϡˤäƤϤ٤ΰ̣ħˤʤʸ̮ʤ뤤 poured ȤζˤˤäƤϡǤʤФʤʤȤϰ̤˾ʤƤΤǤ롥

Cruse, D. A. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: CUP, 1986.

Referrer (Inside): [2022-10-08-1]

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