Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)Ǥϡڡ⡦ڤϢ "3Ms" ޤơ䤫̲ñʤ뤪٤ꡩˤϤƤޤʤߤ "3Ms" Ȥϡ¤ءˡ߷वʿءˡ˨ҤʷرΩءˤΤΤȤǤ¤ϽؤʾءˤϿʬŪƱʤƤޤ
Ȥ櫓⡦ڤۿϡʹ١θȤ٤ Allan Bell ˤ audience_design ƳȤʤäƤꡤƱ˳ڤäƤȤǤޤ
(1) #1061. ʹ١θ --- ߷वȥǥǥƳޤ2024ǯ426ۿ
(2) #1062. 21Υǥǥ with 3Ms & Ͻؤ2024ǯ427ۿ
ƱˤĤƤϡ hellog Ǥ#1934. audience design ([2014-08-13-1]) ǾҲ𤷤Ƥޤ֤ΤۤإͥʵְʼδѸظإͥסˤǤ߷#84. Υǥǥ˸ؤˤƳ---˸ػ̰߲ƳƤޤ⤼ҤȤ
Bell, Allan. "Language Style as Audience Design." Language in Society 13 (1984): 145--204.
εǼ夲#1934. audience design ([2014-08-13-1]) ϡaccommodation_theory ȸƤФŪǤ롥accommodation_theory ˤĤƤϤޤǤˤ⤤ĤεǸڤƤϲƹͤƤߤޤϡTrudgill (3) Ѹ켭ŵѤ롥
accommodation The process whereby participants in a conversation adjust their accent, dialect or other language characteristics according to the language of the other participant(s). Accommodation theory, as developed by the British social psychologist of language, Howard Giles, stresses that accommodation can take one of two major forms: convergence, when speakers modify their accent or dialect, etc. to make them resemble more closely those of the people they are speaking to; and, less usually, divergence, when, in order to signal social distance or disapproval, speakers make their language more unlike that of their interlocutors. Accommodation normally takes place during face-to-face interaction.
ǤСä꤬ʹռä֤ȤǤ롥Ȥ櫓äʹ˹碌뤫դʹȤϰۤʤإեȤ뤫ȤäƤ褤ʺ夲 audience design ϡʹ (audience) ʹꡤ˵İ͡ʹ͡ʹͤؤȺʬϢǤ롥
Wales Cardiff ιŹǤλ㤬ͭ̾Ǥ롥ŹҰعݽפʤ͡ʼҲؤεҤȡιμۤˤĤääƤ롥N. Coupland βäϿʬϤȤŹҰϵҤä˹碌ä뤳ȤȯŪˤϡ첻֤ /t/ [t] ȼ¸뤫ͭ [d] ȼ¸뤫ΰ㤤ȤƸ줿Cardiff Ǥ첻֤ /t/ ϡҲι⤯ʤ͡Ǥͭ [d] Ǽ¸뤳Ȥ¿ŹҰή°̾25%γ [d] ȯƤ[d] Ψ75%εҤäȤˤϡγ礬70%ãդˡ[d] Ψ10%εҤäȤˤϡγ礬10%˲äȤŹҰ [t] [d] ϡʹ˹碌ƹԤʤƤΤǤ롥λȯˤĤƤ accommodation Τñ졤ơݡä®١äĹʸˡưޤ¿ιܤˤĤƤƱͤ accommodation ȹͤ롥
accommodation ˤϤĤμब̤롥嵭Ǥ⡤Ҥ˹碌ưҿι⤤ [t] ع碌 "upward convergence" ⤢СҤ˹碌ưҿ㤤 [d] ع碌 "downward convergence" ⤢äԤ¾ȤƤϡҶͧãοƤäȤǫɸŪʸոˤʤ륱롥Ԥ¾ȤƤϡҶФäȤ˻Ҷդڤؤ륱䡤ܸüԤüԤФԼ˰פܸäȤ "foreigner talk" 롥
ʾϡΰ㤤Ϥ졤ä碌 convergence դä㤨 divergence ⤢롥Ʊ뤵줿ʤꡤΥäȤˤϡäǤ㤨褦Ȥ뤳Ȥ롥褯ΤƤϡ륺üԤФ¸Ǥ롥ǽ顤RP äܴФ륺üԤܴ RP ˶ŤҿΤȯäƤȤܴ륺ФŪȯ䡤Υ륺üԤϡRP Υ줿ȯDZѸäФϡܴФ︳ԤԿΥ֤ȤȿǤ줿 accommodation λǤ롥ޤdivergence ϡή礦2ѼԤ뤿ʤɲ餫פΤˡˤäθ줬ޤäʤΤ褦˿Ȥˤ⸫롥üԤϡä˹碌ǤϤʤæ뤳Ȥˤäơ餫μҲŪưʤƤΤ
äդΤߤʤ餺դǤ accommodation ϴѻ롥㤨СɸηϤΤʤѸ줫ɸηϤΤܸؤˤơɸɽɲä줿ꤵʤäꤹΤϡԤܸɼԤؤ accommodation ȿǤƤ롥
accommodation ϰάǤ뤫顤Ԥ뤳Ȥ⤢롥ä˹碌 convergence äƤ⡤ˤ줬ʤäꡤդ divergence ȼ뤳Ȥ餢롥㤨СꥹΤĮǡɿͰ̱ͼҲ˼줿ͤαѸѼ˻ȯäȤͤˤȤäưҿΤʤѼäΤǡष줿줿ȤäˤŪ accommodation ʹˤҴŪ accommodation ȤäƤޤäǤ롥
ʾ塤 (110--21) ȤƼɮ
Trudgill, Peter. A Glossary of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
ؼҲ硡ǡ١ҡ2009ǯ
ε ([2014-08-12-1]) κǸˡѲˤİԤδͿˤĤƿ줿Ѳ variation ΤʤΤҲΤǤªʤСˤİԤδͿȤϡѲˤƽפüԤİԤռƸդȯȤȤϥߥ˥Ū˾Ȥ餻мΤ褦˻פ뤬θѲθǤϡѲüԼΤȤ뤵ƤаޤꡤİԤϴԺߤȤϤ鷺Ȥ⡤ŪôˤʤäǯθˤƤİԤ䤬Ū˹ޤäƤƤ롥
ؤˤʬɤ뤬㤨мҲؤǤİԤŻ뤷ͤƤƤ롥1Ĥˡaudience design ȤΤ롥Trudgill Ѹ켭ŵ˵
audience design A notion developed by Allan Bell to account for stylistic variation in language in terms of speakers' responses to audience members i.e. to people who are listening to them. Bell's model derives in part from accommodation theory. (11)
ʲ (101--09) ˤ롥Allan Bell ˤä줿 audience design ϡüԤïФ (attention) ʧĤäƤΤˤäơʸŪѰۤ褦Ȥ벾Ǥ롥βˤСä (Speaker) ϡʹ (Addressee) ˺¤դʧʳˤ˵İ (Auditor)ʹ (Overhearer)ʹ (Eavesdropper) ˤ⤳ν¿դʧΤȤäˤȤäƤοͤΤƤ뤫ǧƤ뤫äƤ뤫Ȥ3ĤΥѥʬϤȡ줾ʲΤ褦ʽȤʤ롥
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ǥϤդĤä꤬äΤʹ䡤мŪʤΤȻפƤ뤬¤ϤäѶŪʤΤǡǥλϻפƤϤϤ뤫礭ƶǤ롥礦ԤǴѵҤδꡤ뤤˱ƶ褦ˡǥǡäϼʬΥĴƤΤȹͤ롥
Ǹˡɽ˼ audience νŪʤΤǤϤʤȤդäƤƤΤ褦ˡƤԤƤԤʹȤäƤϤΤΡ⤷ȤʹռƤΤϡˤ˵İԤ⤷ʤΤλٻդ뤿ˡष˵İԤ˸ƵƤȻפ礬롥ΤȤäʧդ̤ϡ˵İ͡ʹפȤʤ
ʤä꤬ïˤⲿդʧ鷺äȤ̤ϤȤȤǤ̾ä꼫ȤʹꤷƤǤϡΤ褦ꤹʤȤϤꤦĤƤܤäȽФȤ䡤ռ˽Фʤʤɤᤤ⤷ʤȤˤĤơ#1070. Jakobson ˤưԲķ6Ĥιǡ ([2012-04-01-1]) ⻲ȡ
Trudgill, Peter. A Glossary of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
ؼҲ硡ǡ١ҡ2009ǯ
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