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lexical_gap - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2022-11-09 Wed

#4944. lexical gap ʸ÷ [terminology][lexicology][sapir-whorf_hypothesis][linguistic_relativism][language_myth][lexical_gap][semantics]

ȶʳǰб륺Х1ñ줬¸ߤʤΤ褦ʳǰˤ¿롥θݤָþηפȤߤʤ lexical gap ȸƤ֤Ȥ롥
brother 夲Ƥߤ褦#3779. brother ȷ --- 11Ȥʤʤδط ([2019-09-01-1]) #4128. ʤѸǤϡַפפ brother ƱˤʤΤǤ --- hellog 饸ǡ ([2020-08-15-1]) dzǧ褦ˡѸ brother ǯξ岼ռѤ뤬ܸǤϡַספΤ褦ǯ˱ƶ̤롥ѸǤǯռַספ복ǰΤΤϽʬ˿ȶʤΤǤꡤelder brother younger sister ɽ뤳ȤϲǽǤ롥ĤޤꡤѸǤ1ñǤɽǤʤǤꡤб복ǰ礱ƤȤ櫓ǤϤޤäʤѸˡַספб1ñ줬äƤ褵ʤΤºݤˤϤʤȤǡlexical gap 1Ȥ롥դˡܸ brother б1ñ줬äƤ褵ʤΤºݤˤϤʤΤǡޤ lexical gap Ȳ᤹뤳ȤǤ롥
Cruse β㤬⤷ΤǰѤƤ

lexical gap This terms is applied to cases where a language might be expected to have a word to express a particular idea, but no such word exists. It is not usual to speak of a lexical gap when a language does not have a word for a concept that is foreign to its culture: we would not say, for instance, that there was a lexical gap in Yanomami (spoken by a tribe in the Amazonian rainforest) if it turned out that there was no word corresponding to modem. A lexical gap has to be internally motivated: typically, it results from a nearly-consistent structural pattern in the language which in exceptional cases is not followed. For instance, in French, most polar antonyms are lexically distinct: long ('long'): court ('short'), lourd ('heavy'): leger ('light'), épais ('thick'): mince ('thin'), rapide ('fast'): lent ('slow'). An example from English is the lack of a word to refer to animal locomotion on land. One might expect a set of incompatibles at a given level of specificity which are felt to 'go together' to be grouped under a hyperonym (like oak, ash, and beech under tree, or rose, lupin, and peony under flower). The terms walk, run, hop, jump, crawl, gallop form such a set, but there is no hyperonym at the same level of generality as fly and swim. These two examples illustrate an important point: just because there is no single word in some language expressing an idea, it does not follow that the idea cannot be expressed.


ѺǸΡֽפפȴϢơ#1337. ְñʸաס ([2012-12-24-1]) ⻲ȡѸܸ lexical gap 򤤤õƤߤȤ⤷

Cruse, Alan. A Glossary of Semantics and Pragmatics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2006.

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2020-08-15 Sat

#4128. ʤѸǤϡַפפ brother ƱˤʤΤǤ --- hellog 饸 [hellog-radio][sobokunagimon][hel_education][japanese][semantics][lexeme][sobokunagimon][sapir-whorf_hypothesis][fetishism][lexical_gap]

hellog 饸16ϡ¿αѸؽԤֽؼԤκ餺äȵˤʤäƤפȤĤ֤䤯ѤʵǤܸǤϡַפȡפζ̤Ϥܾۤ˽פǤѸǤξԤ brother 1ˤޤȤᤢΤ̤ǤΤ˱Ѹˤ elder brother younger brother ʤɤɽϤޤǯξ岼ȤʤüʾѤüɽȤ٤ǡϤǥեȤɽ brother Ǥ礦ʤѸ֤ˤϡñΰ̣μϰϤˤĤơΤ褦ʿ㤤ߤΤǤ礦Ǥϡβɤ



üŪˤСƸʤѡˤˤȼΡָפȤȤǤܸʸˤǯξ岼طŻ뤹ȯۤäƤ־岼طפȤʤäƤޤѸʸˤǤϡ־岼طפϸǤϤޤܸˤߤ岼طȤϡŪʼʸ餦Ȥ礭ȻפޤƸμˤϡФʸŪطʤؤäƤޤ
֤ñΰ̣μϰϤۤʤäƤΤ٤ƤʸŪطʤ뤳ȤϤǤޤʸŪطʤˤ°פϡʸͥˤȯŸ䤹դɬפȻפäƤޤѸ줫ñ夲ơΰ̣ΰ㤤ܸʸȱѸʸоȤ°פ뤳ȤˤϿŤǤ٤ȹͤޤְñʸפˤդǤ
Ѥʵϡ (linguistic_relativism) 䥵ԥᥦդβ
(sapir-whorf_hypothesis) ʤɤθ礭䤤˷ҤäƤޤϢơ##3779,1868,1894,2711,1337εåɤߤ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-11-09-1]

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2019-09-01 Sun

#3779. brother ȷ --- 11Ȥʤʤδط [japanese][semantics][lexeme][sobokunagimon][sapir-whorf_hypothesis][fetishism][lexical_gap]

ʤѸǤϷζ̤򤻤Ҥä brother ȤΤ褯ѤʵǤ롥ʸŪʴСܸҲǤǯξ岼ȤƽפʰյäƤꡤʹִطɽ魯äˤƤϤФзΰۤʤǤѰդƤ뤬ѸҲˤƤǯξ岼ŪˤۤɽפȤʤˡ1ˤҤäƤΤǤ롥ܸǤ岼ä˽פǤʤʸ̮ǤϡַפȤäƺѤޤ뤳ȤǤ뤷դ˱ѸǤ岼ζ̤ɬפȤ elder brother younger brother ȤȤǤ롥ǥեȤȤƤϡѸǤ brotherܸǤϷȤǤ򤽤줾Ѥ롥
褯ͤƤߤȡbrother ˤ餺¿ѸñˤĤơ줤11δطϤߤʤ츫б褦ˤߤߤñΰ̣ܤ٤ƤߤȡƤ餫Υ줬ΤǤ롥ǤʤС¼ŵ±ѼŵפʤϤñʤñбꥹȤнʬȤȤˤʤ뤫
ƣ߷ (237--38) ʲΤ褦Ƥ롥

brother,

ʤ brother, rice, give Τ褦ˡѸΤۤƤʬǡܸΤۤ٤⤢Сդ˲ʤΤ褦˱ѸΤۤ٤ܸΤۤƤ⤢롥ǤϤߤͤǤ롥ѸӤˤ餺ɤ2٤ƤߤƤ褦ʤΤ¿ξ硤̣ƤʸŪװؤäƤȤǽϤˤƤ⡤ˡȤϤΤ褦ʤΤǤ򤷤ƤΤǤ롥μоȤεˤȿƤƤϿȤʤȤ餤ӤθݤǤ롥
ϢѸζ̣Ȥơ#1868. Ѹ͡ʡַס ([2014-06-08-1])#1894. Ѹ͡ʡַסܸ͡ʡֱס ([2014-07-04-1]) 䡤#2711. ʸȸδط˴ؤ뤪⤷򤤤Ĥ ([2016-09-28-1]) λ⻲ȡΤ褦ʻϡФԥᥦդβ (sapir-whorf_hypothesis) ΤʤǻФ뤬#1337. ְñʸաס ([2012-12-24-1]) Ȥپ⤬뤳Ȥ˺ʤǤ

ƣ ͺ߷ رѸ١ҡ2001ǯ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-11-09-1] [2019-09-22-1]

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2012-12-24 Mon

#1337. ְñʸա [sapir-whorf_hypothesis][linguistic_relativism][language_myth][lexical_gap]

ɸϡ#1326. 礤7Ĥǡ ([2012-12-13-1]) , #1327. ҥȤθ˶̤7Ĥ ([2012-12-14-1]) ǻȤǷΤʤΡ1 (pp. 91--96) ˤĤ줿ȥǤ롥ñ˴ŤʸϹˤդƤ뤬¿ξ硤Ǥ롥Ƥξ硤ʸ̩ܤʴطŦȤ⤷뤷ؿ򤫤ƤΤǡشطμȤʤɤǤñ˴ŤʸäμȤ뤳Ȥ¿ˤ͡櫤ҤǤ롥
櫤1Ĥϡ#364. The Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax ([2010-04-26-1]) Ǹ褦ˡΤȤȤʤ˴ؤ뵭ҤΤǤǽ뤳Ȥΰ̣ˡΤ˵Ҥˤϡʤλ֤ϫϤ䤷ƤĴɬפǤ롥Ȥ櫓ʸȤ礭ʵˤĤʤ褦ȤΤǤСѥʤɤȤƤθܤĴɬפ뤷ϢˤĤƤƱͤĴ뤳Ȥɬפ碌Ƹ츻ˤҤȤȤפǤ롥פˡθˤĤŰŪʸؤʤФʤʤϤǤ롥δפäƽƼεؤȥƥåץåפƤ椯٤ޤƧ߹ñʸϵǤ롥
̤μ櫤ϡñ򽦤äƤʸ뤳ȤɤޤʤΤȤǤ롥㤨СܸǤϡֿפȡפñȤƶ̤뤬ե󥹸Ǥ profond ʿˤФ peu profond ʤۤȤɿʤˤȤñ٥Ǥ϶̤ʤäơܸΤۤ٤˶ʬƤȤ椨ܿͤϤ٤ʡˤȤˤʤ롥̤ΰ̣ñ򽦤äƤСषϵդȤȤ⤢櫓ǤꡤֿפȡפȤä˸ꤷƵΤϥեǤ롥Ʊ褦ˡܸϡְסơס֤Ϥס֥饤פ͡ʸƤ򤹤뤬ѸǤ rice ΤߤǤ롤äܸ٤Ǥ롤ȤϸʸǤϤʤӤäݤʸ黿ˤʤñʸϡʸȼʸͥؤ䤹
ñʸΤ⤦1Ĥ櫤ϡprofond peu profond εȤƤ褦ˡ2ʾ夫ʤʬŪɽϡ1ǤŪɽ⡤ǰΥƥʤȤƤäƤ롤뤤ƻȤͤˤ뤳ȤʬϤΤۤɽȤ̩٤ǻȤľϤ뤫⤷ʤϤɤΤ褦˾ޤˡɽŪ1ʤΤʬŪ2ʾʤΤ̤뤳Ȥ⡤ۤɤ䤹ȤǤϤʤ#911. ʤ񤷤 (2) ([2011-10-25-1]) Ǹ flower pot ~ flower-pot ~ flowerpot Τ褦ˡpeu profond ˡ22Ǥʤ1ĤʣȤߤʤȤǽ⤷ʤΤܸΡ֤ʤ椭פϡ1Ȥߤʤʬब٤ȤؤĤʤ줽֤ʡסܡ֤椭פ2ȤߤʤФΤ褦ʵϤǤʤѸ powder ʤʤ椭ˤϡǤ powder snow 򻲾ȤȤ롥פˡϸȤΤȤ˴ؤäƤΤǤꡤϸؤǤ̤ʤΤǤ롥

Ƿؿ֤ȤСפβݳȡ١ҡ2012ǯ

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