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ȶʳǰб륺Х1ñ줬¸ߤʤΤ褦ʳǰˤ¿롥θݤָþηפȤߤʤ lexical gap ȸƤ֤Ȥ롥
㤨 brother 夲Ƥߤ褦#3779. brother ȷ --- 11Ȥʤʤδط ([2019-09-01-1]) #4128. ʤѸǤϡַפפ brother ƱˤʤΤǤ --- hellog 饸ǡ ([2020-08-15-1]) dzǧ褦ˡѸ brother ǯξ岼ռѤ뤬ܸǤϡַספΤ褦ǯ˱ƶ̤롥ѸǤǯռַספ복ǰΤΤϽʬ˿ȶʤΤǤꡤelder brother younger sister ɽ뤳ȤϲǽǤ롥ĤޤꡤѸǤ1ñǤɽǤʤǤꡤб복ǰ礱ƤȤ櫓ǤϤޤäʤѸˡַספб1ñ줬äƤ褵ʤΤºݤˤϤʤȤǡlexical gap 1Ȥ롥դˡܸ brother б1ñ줬äƤ褵ʤΤºݤˤϤʤΤǡޤ lexical gap Ȳ᤹뤳ȤǤ롥
Cruse β㤬⤷ΤǰѤƤ
lexical gap This terms is applied to cases where a language might be expected to have a word to express a particular idea, but no such word exists. It is not usual to speak of a lexical gap when a language does not have a word for a concept that is foreign to its culture: we would not say, for instance, that there was a lexical gap in Yanomami (spoken by a tribe in the Amazonian rainforest) if it turned out that there was no word corresponding to modem. A lexical gap has to be internally motivated: typically, it results from a nearly-consistent structural pattern in the language which in exceptional cases is not followed. For instance, in French, most polar antonyms are lexically distinct: long ('long'): court ('short'), lourd ('heavy'): leger ('light'), épais ('thick'): mince ('thin'), rapide ('fast'): lent ('slow'). An example from English is the lack of a word to refer to animal locomotion on land. One might expect a set of incompatibles at a given level of specificity which are felt to 'go together' to be grouped under a hyperonym (like oak, ash, and beech under tree, or rose, lupin, and peony under flower). The terms walk, run, hop, jump, crawl, gallop form such a set, but there is no hyperonym at the same level of generality as fly and swim. These two examples illustrate an important point: just because there is no single word in some language expressing an idea, it does not follow that the idea cannot be expressed.
ѺǸΡֽפפȴϢơ#1337. ְñʸաס ([2012-12-24-1]) ⻲ȡѸܸ lexical gap õƤߤȤ⤷
Cruse, Alan. A Glossary of Semantics and Pragmatics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2006.
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