ѸֻβפɸಽؤδؿϡѸˤĹˤ錄ä³Ū˴ѻƤűѸ "West-Saxon Schriftsprache" ˡκ1Ѹˤ "AB-language" ֻ Ormulum, Laȝamon ʤɤ֤꤬Ŀͥ٥ˡ˴ؿ16ʹߤˤ (orthoepy) ؤδؿޤꡤȼäƸŪֻԤΩ³˸줿18ʹߤˤ Samuel Johnson Noah Webster ơˡγΩ˴ͿƤˤƤοֻפαưȤƤhellog Ǥ spelling_reform ¿εǿƤ̤Ǥ롥
Crystal (288) ˤȡŪˡ (TO = traditional orthography) Ф˾βפϿ¿뤬4ʬȤ
Standardizing approaches, such as New Spelling . . . , uses familiar letters more regularly (typically, by adding new digraphs . . .); no new symbols are invented.
Augmenting approaches, such as Phonotypy . . . add new symbols; diacritics and invented letters have both been used.
Supplanting approaches replace all TO letters by new symbols, as in Shavian . . . .
Regularizing approaches apply existing rules more consistently or focus on restricted areas of the writing system, as in Noah Webster's changes to US English . . . or those approaches which drop silent or redundant letters, such as Cut Spelling . . . .
ϩϩؤν¤ؤ Regularizing, Standardizing, Augmenting, Supplanting ȤʤޤܳŪֻפϤʤŪ˺פĤ Hart Webster ̾뤯餤Ǥ롥ơŪƤϾ˲ʤΤäѸˤˤֻפϤۤΤäΤǤꡤ⤽³ǽ⤤
Crystal, D. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 3rd ed. CUP, 2018.
[2010-12-20-1]ε19ʹߤֻױưäȤŪʲװƤ1Ĥˡͭ̾ Shavian Alphabet 롥ȤˤֻԤǤ⤢ä George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) ΰ1958ǯ˳Ť줿ֻץƥȤˤơ467ͤθԤΤʤ龡夬ä Kingsley Read ȯե٥åȤǤ롥첻ȻҲζ̤Τˤʤ졤ǤΩȿǤƤʤηŪԤΥϻⲻͽۤǤʤ48ʤ뤬and, of, the, to бάʸʤɤɲä롥Shaw η Androcles and the Lion Υե٥åȤǽǤƤ뤬ԥե٥åȻѤ3ʬ2ۤɤΥڡǰǽȤʥڡ߷פ
Shavian translator Υڡǡ"This blog is concerned with anything about the history of the English language" Ȥʸ Shavian Alphabet ƤߤȡΤ褦ˤʤ롥Τû褦˻פ롥

ֻױưĤʤȤƤϡShaw Isaac Pitman (1813-1897) 1837ǯȯɽ®ˡ20ȾФ˽ѤƤPitman ®ˡե٥å Phonotypy ȯƤ롥Phonotypy ˤ Shavian Alphabet ˤ衤οե٥åȤֻפ˰۾ʴؿο춸ʿ͡ˤȯǤꡤ̤ˤϤޤǼʤäۤȤɤαѸֻפϡΤ褦˰ο͡ǮǽäƤޤΤŪ¤Ǥ롥ˤ⤫餺ߤǤʣγư³Ƥ롥ξ䤫˵ѤƤ뤳ȤǤ뤫⤷ʤʸˤȤäʸͿΤΤǤϤʤ٤ŤʤΤǤ뤳ȡ˵³٤Ǥ뤳ȤѸֻפˤʪäƤ褦˻פ롥
Shavian Alphabet ˤĤƤϰʲΥȤȡ
ʸ Omniglot Shavian Alphabet
Shavian alphabet - Wikipedia
Ѹ֤ȯЪΥӤȤϤĤȤΤƤ뤬̤˸ƶ˰ݤŤ㤬 "ghoti" Ǥ롥Ρ֤Ĥפϡ
<gh> reads /f/ as in "tou gh "
<o> reads /ɪ/ as in "w o men"
<ti> reads /ʃ/ as in "na ti on"
ϡɽпȤκȡɾȡ֤ԤǤ George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) ΤȤƹΤƤƽǰѤ뤬Shaw äΤǤϤʤȤ⤢롥Shaw Holroyd ˤȡǮ֤Ԥ "ghoti" 夲ȤˡݼŪʿ͡Ф줿ΤǡShaw βԤʸȤȤ餷
But when an enthusiastic convert suggested that 'ghoti' would be a reasonable way to spell 'fish' under the old system ( gh as in 'tough', o as in 'women' and ti as in 'nation'), the subject seemed about to be engulfed in the ridicule from which Shaw was determined to save it. (Holroyd, Michael. 1918-1950: The Lure of Fantasy . Vol. 3 of Bernard Shaw . London: Chatto & Windus, 1991. 501.)
줬¤ȤȡShaw "ghoti" ȯƼԤǤϤʤޤǤʸͤˤʤȤȤˤʤ롥Ǥ⡤Ѹ֤κ֤Τ餷ӤϡϤ Shaw ˵Ƥ褤
֤ȯϰаδطĤޤ֤ȯפŪǤ롥֤Ǹ줬ѲΤǤ뤳ȤȤȡŪʾ֤ϼΤ褦ʿޤɽ롥֤ "written mode" ȯ "spoken mode" ȤƤ롥
spoken mode
written mode
time
spoken mode ¨
written mode
time
What did he want to do? Simply to get rid of the past, to give a part of mankind a fresh start by isolating it from its own history and from the ancestral bad habits of the other nations . . . (qtd in Holroyd 504)
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