Ѹˤˤϡ#4635. "Great Complement Shift" ([2022-01-04-1]) ȤĬή롤Ȥ롥ʸι¤ (complementation) ȤȤ that ᤫؤȿܤư̾ؤȿܤƤѲǤ롥űѸ줫鸽Ѹ˻ޤǤäȿʹԤ³ƤƤꡤ©Ĺ
ȯ䤵줿#5166. ¼ԡˡضѸˤʸˡŪʸŪѲ١ʳҡ2023ǯˡ ([2023-06-19-1]) ǡԤν (242--44) ʸ (gcs) ΰȿΤ褦ˤߤ붽̣Ƥ롥
Ѹ̤ơ~뤿ˡפ̣ in order ... ɽŤư̾ȤäƤȤ줬ʽФ that ޤǿʽФƤȤΤǤ롥ʳδϢɽϤޤܤѤȡΤ褦ˤʤȤ
to the end that/to the end to V
in order to NP/ing
in order to V
in order that ~ may
ˤС ARCHER Corpus Ǹ̤˴ŤʥꥪȤȤܤν˽äɽŪʸ5ĵƤΤǡ˺ƷǤ롥
... they were all Committed to Newgate, in order to their being Tried next Sessions. (1682 2PROI.N1)
I know not whether it might not be worth a Poet's while, to travel in order to store is mind with ... (1714 BERK.X2)
... every moral agent must exist forever, in order to the proper and full exercise of moral government. (1789 HOPK.H4)
... consequently I cut away all the cerebrum until the corpus callosum appeared, in order that I might the more readily examine the lateral ventricles. (1820 A.M5)
Not because I want to undervalue the importance of these signs, but in order that I may impress upon you how important it is to Subject ...
ΤʸܤᤷΤ褦ʽοܤȤʤäƤ롥̤θˤΤʤΤ뤤϶ȯŪ㳰Ȥߤʤ٤ʤΤ̣
¼ԡˡҸ סʡ ҡ滳 ü ¼ˡضѸˤʸˡŪʸŪѲ١ҡ2023ǯ
ճȴñˤǤĴȤơɸҲ𤷤Ƹ쥳ѥ#1802. ARCHER 3.2 ([2014-04-03-1]) Ѥơֻαƺ̻ŪĴڤ˹Ԥ롥ȤơǤΤƤ <colour> <color> αƺĴ٤Ƥߤ褦
ARCHER Untagged ˥ "colour*" "color*" 졤줾η̤Ф#1808. ARCHER ̤λߥʬġ (ARCHER Period-Genre Sorter) ([2014-04-09-1]) ˤơưŪ4Ĥοɽ롥οɽˤꡤξֻαƺˤĤơ1600--1999ǯ8ʬ̤ˡ12Υ̤Ӥ뤳ȤǽȤʤ롥ʬȥϰʲ̤ꡥ
P1 = 1600--49, P2 = 1650--99, P3 = 1700--49, P4 = 1750--99, P5 = 1800--49, P6 = 1850--99, P7 = 1900--49, P8 = 1950--99
a = advertising, d = drama, f = fiction, h = sermons, j = journals, l = legal, m = medicine, n = news, p = early prose, s = science, x = letters, y = diaries
ǤϡޤꥹѸ줫ߤƤοɽŪʥꥹ <colour> οͤŵŪ˥ꥫڥȤ <color> οͤǤ롥Ԥڤ餺ꥹѸǤϻˤ餺ۤ <colour> ݤȤäƤ褤


˥ꥫѸη̤ѸˤδԤڤʤP41750--99ǯˤޤǤѤ <colour> ֻŪP5 ʹߤष <color> ӤƤP5 ȤСNoah Webster An American Dictionary of the English Language Ǥ1828ǯޤȾλʬǤꡤƹڥθǯλ֤Ĥ夷Ƥͤ褯ɽ路Ƥ롥


ߤĶ Google Books Ngram Viewer ˴ñ˥Ǥ뤿ᡤARCHER ⤵˴ؤƱ褦ĴԤ褦ˤʤäƤ롥ARCHER Ǥϥ饤Ф뤿ʸȤ̣뤳ȤǤ뤷ҥåȷȤǤޤʤۤɤޤȤΤ⡤ͤ褦ˤäƤȤ롥פϻȤARCHER Ѥ¾ĴȤơ#1806. ARCHER shew show ([2014-04-07-1])#1807. ARCHER between betwixt ([2014-04-08-1])#1752. interpretor interpreter (2) ([2014-02-12-1]) ⻲ȡ
2֤ε#1806. ARCHER shew show ([2014-04-07-1]) ȡ#1807. ARCHER between betwixt ([2014-04-08-1]) ǡARCHER Untagged ѤơѰ۷٤̻ŪˤɤΤ褦˿ܤƤĴ
ѸνޤॳѥȤƤϡۤ CEECS (The Corpus of Early English Correspondence, LC (The Lampeter Corpus of Early Modern English Tracts), CLMET3.0 (The Corpus of Late Modern English Texts, version 3.0), PPCMBE, COHA ʤɤꡤ줾ħ뤬ARCHER ϡ1600--1999ǯȤޤȤޤä֤СѼ綠줾ˤĤƥʬʤƤꡤŪ緿˥ѥȤƲͤ⤤#1802. ARCHER 3.2 ([2014-04-03-1]) ǾҲ𤷤̤ꡤߥ־ǰ̸ƤǤˤĤƤϡޤʤɤƤ餺ǽ¤Ѥ뤳ȤϤǤʤǤȳѤǤ롥Ƥ Frequency lists Keywords εǽϥǥͭ˻ȤѥΤñ٥ꥹ (TXT)Ƥ롥
̻ŪʸѲȤ ARCHER ˾ൡǽϡ2֤εĴ褦ˡ븡٤ɤäơʤĤǤ˥̤ˡˤɤΤ褦˿ܤƤñ˳ǧǤ褦ˤ뤳ȤRestricted query ǻȥʤꡤ˸ϤƥҥåȿƤ椯ȤȤϼȤǤǤ뤬֤뤷ݤ#607. Google Books Ngram Viewer ([2010-12-25-1]) COHA Ǥϡ̻Ūʰǽˤ뵡ǽƤΤǡARCHER Ǥ;פƱͤεǽߤʤ롥ǡߤΤʤкäƤޤȤȤǡñʥץȤȤARCHER θ̤Υ饤ˤϡƥȤɽ魯ե̾դƤ뤬ե̾λͤˤС3ʸ줾쥸롤ѼΤ줫ɽ魯ȤʤäƤ롥ǡ̤ԡơʲΥƥȥܥåŽդƤȡŬڤ˥ե̾Ϥ롤Ѽ老Ȥ˥ҥåȿƤ졤ղƤȤġ (ARCHER Period-Genre Sorter) ARCHER ǤνϷ̤ڡˤޤˤϡ뤬ƥڡԥڤѤƤФ褤

ε#1806. ARCHER shew show ([2014-04-07-1]) ˰³[2014-04-03-1]εǾҲ𤷤#1802. ARCHER 3.2פѤơ̤פࡥɸ between betwixt θѸˤʬۤˤĤơ#1637. CLMET3.0 between betwixt ʬۤĴ ([2013-10-20-1]) ˤARCHER Untagged ǤϤɤΤ褦Ĵ̤Ф
ˤäƤϡȤ櫓17ʳǤֻޤäƤ櫓ǤϤʤᡤ줾θΰֻθ줿Ūˤϡbetween Ȥ between, betweene, betwen, betwene, betwn betwixt Ȥ betwixt, betwext ֻȤƵäƤƱͤˡҥåȿ12뤪1600--1999ǯ50ǯߤˤ8ʬƿ夲ʲˡ̤ΥդΤʥǡեɽϥHTMLȤ줿ˡʤbetwixt and between ηǤ1⸽Ƥʤ

ΤȤơ17--19ΤɤλˤƤ between ݤƤ뤳Ȥϡ CLMET3.0 ˤĴ̤ͽۤ줿ȤǤ롥P2--P3 (1650--1749) λ˸¤äƤǤϤ뤬betwixt 20%ۤɤΥƤȤ¤ܤƤ褤P1Υ֥ѥ¾γƻΥ֥ѥ1/3ۤɤεϤǤ뤳ȤˤաˡCLMET3.0 ˤĴǤ18ޤǤ bewixt 10%ۤɤΥƤȤ̤ФƤ뤫顤绨Ĥˤä1750ǯ餤ޤǤ betwix between ΰ۷ȤƤʤ¸ߴƤȤǧǤ
ɸθֻѰۤˤĤơ#1415. shew show (1) ([2013-03-12-1])#1416. shew show (2) ([2013-03-13-1])#1716. shew show (3) ([2014-01-07-1]) Ǽ夲Ƥϡ[2014-04-03-1]εǾҲ𤷤#1802. ARCHER 3.2פѤơѸˤξֻʬۤƳǧ褦
ARCHER: A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers Untagged ǡshew (shew, shews, shewed, shewn, shewing) show (show, shows, showed, shown, showing) θҥåȿ12뤪1600--1999ǯ50ǯߤˤ8ʬƿ夲ǡեɽϥHTMLȤƤ餦Ȥơ̤ղΤΤ

ιθϤƤȤơ̻Ūʿܤܤ褦P1 (1600--49) P4 (1750--99) ޤǡĤޤ17--18ˤϡ٤ shew Τۤ show ͥP5 (1800--49) ξԤ褽¤١P6 ʹߤˤ show 쵤 shew षƤ椯ƤȤ롥οܤγפϡεĴ Helsinki Corpus PPCMBE η̤Ȥ礹뤬CLMET3.0 η̤ȤϾۤʤ롥CLMET3.0 Ǥϡ[2014-01-07-1]εǸ褦ˡ18椫٤ show shew Ū˾äƤΤǤ롥Υѥ֤ΰ㤤ƥѥɽΰ㤤ˤΤʤΤȤ⥸ʬͿƤΤ뤤ʣθ礷ƿȤͳ褹ΤʤΤܤĴƤʤP1Υ֥ѥˤĤƤϡ¾γƻΥ֥ѥ1/3ۤɤεϤǤ뤳ȤաˡξŪǤϤʤshew οȤǹͤΤǤСΥѥȤƤ⡤19ȾνȤߤʤƤ褤
ǯΤȤˤʤ뤬Ƹ쥳ѥ ARCHER: A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers Untagged 줿ܺ٤ϡ Documentation뤤 VARIENG ˤѥβɤѸ˸Υ饤ꡤߤεARCHERοǸ⻲ͤˤʤ롥
ARCHER ϡ1990ǯƬ Biber and Finegan ԻƤΤǡߤǤ14ؤƱǴƤ롥2013ǯ˸줿3.2Ǥ Manchester ( David Denison and Nuria Yáñez-Bouza) ˤǤ롥ѥƤӤüŪɽС"a multi-genre historical corpus of British and American English covering the period 1600--1999. The corpus has been designed as a tool for the analysis of language change and variation in a range of written and speech-based registers of English." ȤȤǤ롥
ѥεϤ1,710ե롤3,298,080줫ʤꡤǤα6:4ۤɡޤȤ8Ƥˤ12˥ʬƤ (a = advertising, d = drama, f = fiction, h = sermons, j = journals, l = legal, m = medicine, n = news, p = early prose, s = science, x = letters, y = diaries) եȸϰʲ̤ꡥ
| BRITISH | a | d | f | h | j | l | m | n | p | s | x | y | TOTAL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1600--49 | files | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
| words | 0 | 32,342 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21,026 | 0 | 0 | 32,741 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 86,109 | |
| 1650--99 | files | 0 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 21 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 75 | 10 | 177 |
| words | 0 | 30,328 | 41,667 | 21,818 | 21,186 | 20,466 | 23,811 | 22,304 | 0 | 21,427 | 38,767 | 20,488 | 262,262 | |
| 1700--49 | files | 0 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 77 | 10 | 173 |
| words | 0 | 27,862 | 44,057 | 21,511 | 23,265 | 21,315 | 22,066 | 21,612 | 0 | 20,812 | 33,896 | 20,495 | 256,891 | |
| 1750--99 | files | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 70 | 11 | 181 |
| words | 25,386 | 27,484 | 45,198 | 21,752 | 21,284 | 20,367 | 21,002 | 23,172 | 0 | 20,599 | 29,589 | 23,043 | 278,876 | |
| 1800--49 | files | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 25 | 10 | 126 |
| words | 30,804 | 31,211 | 45,107 | 21,777 | 23,249 | 20,531 | 20,286 | 22,951 | 0 | 21,015 | 12,671 | 20,883 | 270,485 | |
| 1850--99 | files | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 26 | 10 | 126 |
| words | 30,684 | 34,856 | 43,427 | 21,322 | 21,243 | 20,757 | 22,265 | 23,072 | 0 | 21,810 | 10,819 | 21,789 | 272,044 | |
| 1900--49 | files | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 29 | 10 | 130 |
| words | 26,717 | 31,391 | 45,408 | 21,123 | 22,208 | 21,160 | 20,213 | 21,977 | 0 | 21,664 | 12,529 | 22,424 | 266,814 | |
| 1950--99 | files | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 28 | 10 | 132 |
| words | 23,437 | 32,200 | 45,109 | 21,093 | 22,723 | 20,721 | 20,994 | 22,935 | 0 | 21,385 | 11,361 | 22,060 | 264,018 | |
| TOTAL | files | 50 | 82 | 72 | 70 | 72 | 80 | 98 | 70 | 10 | 70 | 330 | 71 | 1,075 |
| words | 137,028 | 247,674 | 309,973 | 150,396 | 155,158 | 166,343 | 150,637 | 158,023 | 32,741 | 148,712 | 149,632 | 151,182 | 1,957,499 | |
| AMERICAN | a | d | f | h | j | l | m | n | p | s | x | y | TOTAL | |
| 1750--99 | files | 3 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 58 | 10 | 152 |
| words | 9,214 | 29,980 | 38,980 | 21,271 | 21,896 | 41,177 | 23,541 | 22,265 | 0 | 20,668 | 27,860 | 21,315 | 278,167 | |
| 1800--49 | files | 1 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 12 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 83 |
| words | 2,822 | 40,568 | 44,676 | 0 | 21,476 | 33,409 | 0 | 37,107 | 0 | 20,904 | 20,739 | 20,695 | 242,396 | |
| 1850--99 | files | 8 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 28 | 11 | 128 |
| words | 24,480 | 32,721 | 44,394 | 21,056 | 22,436 | 28,506 | 20,547 | 21,994 | 0 | 21,311 | 11,361 | 23,419 | 272,225 | |
| 1900--49 | files | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 11 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 10 | 52 | 10 | 138 |
| words | 30,460 | 52,514 | 53,430 | 0 | 21,661 | 21,607 | 0 | 22,802 | 0 | 20,984 | 25,021 | 20,731 | 269,210 | |
| 1950--99 | files | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 12 | 30 | 10 | 134 |
| words | 29,563 | 31,037 | 44,382 | 21,051 | 22,109 | 25,517 | 22,617 | 23,069 | 0 | 25,623 | 11,961 | 21,654 | 278,583 | |
| TOTAL | files | 32 | 50 | 51 | 30 | 50 | 57 | 29 | 55 | 0 | 52 | 178 | 51 | 635 |
| words | 96,539 | 186,820 | 225,862 | 63,378 | 109,578 | 150,216 | 66,705 | 127,237 | 0 | 109,490 | 96,942 | 107,814 | 1,340,581 | |
ɸηˤĤƤϡ#1740. interpretor interpreter ([2014-01-31-1]) ȡ#1748. -er or -or ([2014-02-08-1]) ǿƤνȯǤ롤16 interpretor interpreter ִ줿ȤڤˤĤơ¤ɤǧƤɬפ롥θڤϡرѸ츻ŵ٤ǤʤƤꡤ餯 OED "In 16th cent. conformed to agent-nouns in -er, like speak-er" ˰͵ƤΤȻפ뤬ˤ16λΤĤΥѥܺ٤Ĵ٤Ƥߤ
ޤϡMED ѸֻΤƤߤ褦 Wycliffite Bible, Early Version (a1382) ޤᡤ33ޤǤ -our 뤤 -or ޤߡ-er Τ Reginald Pecock ˤ Book of Faith (c1456) 2ΤߤǤ롥а衤ѸΰŪֻϡ-o(u)r äȤäƤ
ƱѸξPPCME2 ǤߤƤߤȡPeriod M4 (1420--1500) Interpretours 1Τߵä
ˡѸ (1418--1680) 45줫ʤʥѥΥץ CEECS (The Corpus of Early English Correspondence Ǥ⸡Ƥߤ2˶ʬ줿ѥ2ʬ (1580--1680) interpreter interpretor 줾1㤺Ĥäˤʤ
³ơMEMEM (Michigan Early Modern English Materials) Υ饤ѥϡΥڡΤȤꡤѸ켭ԻΤ˽줿ȤˡưΤʸǡ١ؤʥѥȤѤǤ롥ĤֻǸȤinterpretour 2㡤1535? Thomas Elyot ˤ The Education or Bringing up of Children 줿Ū interpreter(s) ֻϡ9ΰۤʤƥȡ3Ĥ166Ĥ17ˤ16ǧ줿Τˡ16餸露 -er ӤƤƤ褦
LC (The Lampeter Corpus of Early Modern English Tracts) ϡ1640--1740ǯ罰ʪ119Υѥ줿7Ϥ -er ֻä
Ʊͤη̤330ζḽѸ쥳ѥ ARCHER 3.2 (A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers) (1600--1999) Ǥǧ줿1672ǯǽȤơ13㤬 -er Ǥ롥
ǸˡѸ줫Ѹˤ̻ŪˤߤƤߤ褦HC (Helsinki Corpus) ˤȡE1 (1500--70) Henry Machyn's Diary ꡤ"he becam an interpretour betwen the constable and certein English pioners;" 1Τ߸줿HC 礵 PPCEME ˤȡ嵭ޤ17λʬۤϰʲ̤ꡥ
| -o(u)r | -er(s) | |
|---|---|---|
| E1 (1500--1569) | 2 | 1 |
| E2 (1570--1639) | 3 | 5 |
| E3 (1640--1710) | 0 | 6 |
Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow