Joseph Wright ˤ English Dialect Dictionary Υ饤ǤǤ EDD Online ˤĤơManfred Markus Ψ Innsbruck ؤΥब饤ץȤκǽʳ̤Ȥ Version 4.0 ɽȤξޤInnsbruck EDD Online 4.0 Based on Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary (1898--1905) Ǥ

Ϥޤ EDD Online ˭٤ʵǽȤʤƤʤΤǤβǧǤꡤϿ˼Ƥ줿вεǽ¤ƤݤǤ
Markus ˤȤΥȥư5ʬˤ⤢ޤΤǻİᤷޤʼȤϴطޤưκǸΥ֥åηʿ˿åƺȥꥢ˹Ԥʤɤۡˡ
EDD ˤĤƤϡhellog ǤϰʲεǼ夲ƤޤΤǡ⤴Ȳ
#869. Wright's English Dialect Dictionary ([2011-09-13-1])
#868. EDD Online ([2011-09-12-1])
#2694. EDD Online (2) ([2016-09-11-1]) ȡ
ε#4130. Ѹä¿Ͳȳˤв "The OED in two minutes" ([2020-08-17-1]) ǾҲ𤷤ƱƥĤۤʤ٤įƤߤThe OED in two minutes ǸƤѸûϿΥƥĤǤ롥
ѸλϤޤȤʤ1150ǯ1ǯȤ˻֤ʤƤȡФ餯ư衼å˸¤ƤꡤƤ⤷ʤΤ15ȾˤʤäƤ̥եꥫʤɤ˻ȯŪƤ롥ơ16ȾˤʤȿΦ䥤̤ˤݥĥݥĤƤơܤо줷Ƥ롥ξ1718ˤƵǤϤʤʤäƤ롥ܤ٤ưФƤΤϡ18ȾΥ˥ʿΡեꥫȤäȾ濴ȤϰǤ롥19ȥեꥫޤιǤ褦ˤʤꡤƱȾˤꥫä롥20Ϥޤ˥ХǤ롥
¤ˤ⤷Ʊˡ¤˶16Ⱦ19ޤǤλȤ˴ؤ뤫ꡤΤޤޥꥹפûˤδѥե졼ƥĤ˸Ƥľܡܤ˥ꥹλ۸εڤڤɤĤ֤ˤϿޤϡַŪʡϿޤȤƸƤ뤷̣ʬ䤹Τ褦ʡָûŪʡϿޤ¿쾯ʤפȤΤϡȤ̣ơԤϿޤOED ȤѸʸؤοȤ٤ؽŪʪѤƺƤ뤳ȡޤμ켫ȤκǤ19ȾФδλʪǤ뤳ȤפФȤ̣ʾˡΤΤʤ롥
OED ϳؽŪʸŪ˰ζȤθġǤꡤǻޤ뤳ȤǤʤλ¤ǧĤġ켫Τ˫ȾФˤλʪǤ뤳ȤϴΤäƤϢưʲε⻲ȡ
#3020. οҤȤƤӸ (1) ([2017-08-03-1])
#3021. οҤȤƤӸ (2) ([2017-08-04-1])
#3376. οҤȤƤαѸʸء ([2018-07-25-1])
#3603. ²ۡ ([2019-03-09-1])
#3767. ܤ̡ ([2019-08-20-1])
The OED in two minutes ˡѸλϤޤ1150ǯ2010ǯޤǤαѸʼѡ˸ûˤϿǻвƥȤǼƥĤɽƤ롥ƥġ¤ˤߤȤ˱Ѹä¿ͲȳˤɽƤꡤ⤤ʰ̣ǹͤ롥ɤ

Ͽޤβˤ뿧դӤϡѸˤ老Ȥȡ٤ɽ路ƤظѤƤǡ١ Google Ngrams 1970--2008ǯʬȤˡ2010ǯߤϿޤ˼פߤƤߤȡȡ٤ˤơޥϤθáӡˤ49%ѸǤ˴Ťʣʤɡӡˤ26%ʤΤǡޤǤΤ3/4Ǥ롥ޥϤθáӡˤ18%ƥ줬7%Ƥ¾0.2%ѸˤǤϸäˤϼѤˤǤȤΤ֤ȡ٤ǹͤ¤ꡤߤǤѸθäϰŪ˥ʤ뤤ϥޥŪǤȤäƤ褤Ȥˤʤ롥λ¤ˤĤƤϡ#3400. Ѹ˸ä˼Ѹ줬ɤǤ뤫 ([2018-08-18-1]) ȡĥäεȡ
Ͽǯ˽ŤʤäƤ볥ΥХ֥ϡ٤¿ñ줬ääǯۤ礭ʤꡤ٤ľñ줬ääˤʤǯˤϾʤ롥17̤Ū礭äХ֥뤬18ˤƤܤǤͻҤⶽ̣ (cf. #2995. Augustan Age θŪݼ ([2017-07-09-1])#203. 1500--1900ǯˤѸäá ([2009-11-16-1])#4070. 18θŪ¤Τʤ ([2020-06-18-1]))
Ѹʸá˻ˤŤߤˤϡΤ褦ʥȤλХƥĤϤȯ롥
OED OED Text Visualizer ȤʪġäƤ롥˱ʸƥȤꤲȡOED ξ˴Ťظdzñ˥դ졤ǯȸ츻饤ǻŪɽƤȤΤĤΤ褦ʥġ뤬줿ʤ뤤ïäƤ줿ˤʤȻ䤬̴Ƥ褦ʸ츻ɽġǤ롥ޤǤŪˤϽʬ˲ǽäܳŪ˼ȤԤʤä OED Ƥ줿ȤΤϡǤ롥ȯΥ١ǤȤȤǡϤʸ500ޤǡޤ1750ǯʸαʸǤʤ٤ʤɤ¤Ϥ褦ʬ˳ڤ롥
ɴʹϰ츫ǡ#3276. Churchill We Shall Fight on the Beaches ([2018-04-16-1]) ꡤ308줫ʤʸ1Ǥߤ1940ǯαʤΤǡǯźĤ Vizualize ܥåȡΤ褦ʿޤ֤ʲådzˡ

ƥȤ˸ñʥޡˤХ֥ɽƤ롥Х֥κΰ֤Ϥθνǯбϸ츻ˡ礭Ʊƥ٤б롥Х֥˥ޥ褻Сθξܤ롥
̤Τ˲ˤϡñ줬 token ١ lexeme ١ǥդ줿졤CSV JSON ǥɤǤΤǡ夫ץѤƾܤʬϤ뤳ȤǽǤ롥
䡤äѸˤθˡɤɤѤäƤ
ѸʥƥȤϿ EEBO (Early English Books Online) ˤĤơ#3117. EEBO corpus ([2017-11-08-1]) BYU EEBO ե Early English Books Online corpus Ҳ𤷤
Ȥ̤ˡEarly Modern Print: Text Mining Early Printed English ȤȤΥץȤǡn-gram KWIC ʤɤθեƤ뤳ȤΤäΤǾҲ𤷤ƤŪʥȥϡΥڡɤġζŪʥġϡΥ饢Ǥ롥
EEBO N-Gram Browser
EEBO-TCP Key Words in Context
EEBO-TCP and ESTC Text Counts
EEBO-TCP Words Per Year
ޤUniversity of Michigan Early English Books Online γƼ掠 Lancaster University ˤ EEBO on CQPweb (V3) Ʊͤͭѡ
Ƽ磻եΤѤ뤫¤Ȥ
ʸ٤٤¬ͭ̾ʻɸ1Ĥˡɸ "Levenshtein distance" ȤΤ롤#3397. Ѹ through Υֻ ([2018-08-15-1])#3398. Ѹ such Υֻ ([2018-08-16-1])#3399. ֻٷ ([2018-08-17-1]) ǤȤƤɸǤꡤ#1163. 饤åǡ١ DICT.ORG ([2012-07-03-1]) Ǥ⤳λɸѤֻФץ롥
ͤʤȤʸɸʸѴˤϡĤԽִˤɬפФ褤㤨Сkitten sitting Ѵˤϡkitten k s ִˢ sitten e i ִˢ sittin g ˢ sitting Ȥ3ƧɬפΤǡξֻ֤ Levenshtein distance 3ȤȤˤʤ롥ִ̾Խˤ줾1ͤƤ뤬ơ˰ۤʤͤͿλ⤢롥
ʲˡ̾νŤߤŤ Levenshtein distance ¬ CGI ֤Ƥˡ#1720. Shakespeare ֤ ([2014-01-11-1]) 25ΰֻФơڤʤɤDzϤƤߤƤפ˰ʲԥڡˡShakespeare, Schaksp, Shackespeare, Shackespere, Shackspeare, Shackspere, Shagspere, Shakespe, Shakespear, Shake-speare, Shakespere, Shakespheare, Shakp, Shakspe?, Shakspear, Shakspeare, Shak-speare, Shaksper, Shakspere, Shaxberd, Shaxpeare, Shaxper, Shaxpere, Shaxspere, Shexpere
ֻ֤٤٤η¬ϡۣ渡䥹ڥåʤɤμŪŪˤѤƤ롥ɸŪֻʤäŤѸθˤ⡤ȤΩĤȤꤽ
2֤ε#3397. Ѹ through Υֻ ([2018-08-15-1])#3398. Ѹ such Υֻ ([2018-08-16-1]) ǡֻ֤륹ץȤѤơthrough such ֻ͡ӤΥץȤϡٻȤ꤬뤫⤷ʤȻפŪʷ CGI ȤǤߤ
ȤץȤŪʻͤδطǥоưʤȤȤȯСǰ̵ǰƤ̵̣Ǥ뤳ȤΤΤʲ֤ƤȻפޤʤääΤ伫ȤΥPCǤưƤΤǡˡߤޤ
ȡǤϤޤʤΤǡShakespeare ΰֻӤ̤ϪƤޤ#1720. Shakespeare ֤ ([2014-01-11-1]) ǵ25ΰֻ Shakespeare, Schaksp, Shackespeare, Shackespere, Shackspeare, Shackspere, Shagspere, Shakespe, Shakespear, Shake-speare, Shakespere, Shakespheare, Shakp, Shakspe?, Shakspear, Shakspeare, Shak-speare, Shaksper, Shakspere, Shaxberd, Shaxpeare, Shaxper, Shaxpere, Shaxspere, Shexpere ϤơȤȡΤ褦ʽϤ줿
| Similarity | Spellings |
|---|---|
| 1.0000 | Shakespeare |
| 0.9565 | Shackespeare, Shake-speare, Shakespheare |
| 0.9524 | Shakespear, Shakespere, Shakspeare |
| 0.9091 | Shackespere, Shackspeare, Shak-speare |
| 0.9000 | Shakspear, Shakspere |
| 0.8571 | Shackspere |
| 0.8421 | Shakespe, Shaksper |
| 0.8000 | Shagspere, Shaxpeare, Shaxspere |
| 0.7368 | Shaxpere, Shexpere |
| 0.7000 | Shakspe? |
| 0.6667 | Schaksp, Shaxper |
| 0.6250 | Shakp |
| 0.5263 | Shaxberd |
#2358. 饤ɤǤѸǯɽ ([2015-10-11-1])#2871. űѸΥ饤ǯɽ ([2017-03-07-1])#3164. 饤ɤǤѸǯɽ (2) ([2017-12-25-1]) ˰³⤦1ĤΥ饤ɱѸǯɽ롥
ǶεǡAlgeo and Pyles αѸ˳˴ŤǯɽǺܤ (see #3193. űѸμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-23-1])#3196. Ѹμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-26-1])#3197. Ѹμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-27-1])#3200. Ѹμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-30-1])ˡΥ饤ɤϡ Algeo and Pyles ǤȤ˺ܿŪʤ⡤ĹΤǡɤߤʤؽǤ

Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
#1191. Pronunciation Search ([2012-07-31-1]) ǡThe Carnegie Mellon Pronouncing Dictionary ˴ŤꥫѸȯġΥǡ١ (3MB+) μΤϡ110935ФֻȯȤ߹碌Ǥ롥ΥġϡCarnegie Mellon Pronouncing Dictionary ȯɽɽǻꤷơޤñֻ֤ΤäֻȯΤ줾ɽǾꤷˤޥåñ֤ȤͤΥġäƤߤ
ɽ Perl ѤΤΤǡʸʸ̤Ϻǽ餫̵뤹͡ȯɽϡܵ˷ǤƤɤ餫θˤСֻ뤤ȯˤʤ롥
Ѹˤ˴Ϣǯɽޤ timeline γƵǼƤϡ#2562. Mugglestone ԡˤαѸǯɽ ([2016-05-02-1]) 饤ɲƤߤ饤ɤλͤˤꤹ٤ƤȿǤƤ櫓ǤϤʤȤꤢͷӤʤį롥14餤顤㥴㤷Ƥ롥

Ϣơ#2358. 饤ɤǤѸǯɽ ([2015-10-11-1])#2871. űѸΥ饤ǯɽ ([2017-03-07-1]) ⻲ȡ
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
ܥ֥Ǥⲿ٤ѤƤƥȡǡ١ EEBO (Early English Books Online) BYU Mark Davies ˤꥳѥ졤10˥饤Ǹ줿Early English Books Online corpus ꥢǤ롥
ñˤΥѥҲ𤹤ȡޤϤȤƤ "755 million words in more than 25,000 texts from the 1470s to the 1690s" ޤࡤ祳ѥǤ뤳Ȥ狼롥ȤƤϽѸޤޤ륫СƤ롥BYUϤ¾ΥѥƱͤˡФ첽ʤƤꡤʻ쥿̣ͿƤ롥饤ФꡤɽʬϤ뤳ȤϤȤꡤ10ǯȤ˸٤ưŪ˥ղʤɡ͡ʵǽäƤ롥
10ǯΤޤȤޤꤴȤΥƥȿξϡΥڡΥեưפ뤬41ƥդʿѸäɽ
| Decade | #words | #texts | #words/#texts |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1470s | 712,130 | 18 | 39,562.8 |
| 1480s | 3,706,937 | 43 | 86,207.8 |
| 1490s | 1,992,503 | 49 | 40,663.3 |
| 1500s | 1,288,091 | 45 | 28,624.2 |
| 1510s | 946,117 | 35 | 27,031.9 |
| 1520s | 3,042,934 | 73 | 41,684.0 |
| 1530s | 7,099,997 | 181 | 39,226.5 |
| 1540s | 8,709,681 | 239 | 36,442.2 |
| 1550s | 7,219,423 | 283 | 25,510.3 |
| 1560s | 16,084,901 | 361 | 44,556.5 |
| 1570s | 26,927,229 | 442 | 60,921.3 |
| 1580s | 31,955,245 | 558 | 57,267.5 |
| 1590s | 24,105,385 | 723 | 33,340.8 |
| 1600s | 40,031,223 | 898 | 44,578.2 |
| 1610s | 42,901,535 | 894 | 47,988.3 |
| 1620s | 38,550,967 | 994 | 38,783.7 |
| 1630s | 42,826,013 | 1,036 | 41,337.9 |
| 1640s | 47,129,000 | 3,805 | 12,386.1 |
| 1650s | 99,452,875 | 2,416 | 41,164.3 |
| 1660s | 63,491,742 | 2,481 | 25,591.2 |
| 1670s | 74,600,805 | 2,421 | 30,814.0 |
| 1680s | 92,583,947 | 3,977 | 23,279.8 |
| 1690s | 79,719,722 | 2,999 | 26,582.1 |
| TOTAL | 755,078,402 | 24,971 | 30,238.2 |

ѸˤήĤǤ餦ˡȤǡ#2089. Baugh and Cable αѸ˳ܼ ([2015-01-15-1]) ŵƤäƤ뤬ƥкΤˡʤȤ¤μưΤˡ˥˷ȴġäƤߤ֥饦ǰСΤޤƥȡ
ѸθͷӤ Pig Latin ȤΤ롥ñθ§˴ŤѷͷӤθ§ñǤ롥ƬλҲʷˤ˰ܤˤ <ay> /eɪ/ ɲä롥Ƭ첻ξˤϡ <way> /weɪ/ ɲäΤߡ㤨СPig Latin Igpay Atinlay ȤʤꡤI dont know. Iway ontday nowkay. Ȥʤ롥ƬλҲʷˤΰκۤ䡤ȤƤ <way> /weɪ/ <yey> /weɪ/ ѤʤɤѼߤ롥
Ƥޤ¨Ǻ뤬ƤʤԤˤȤäȤ顤ͷӤˤȤɤޤ餺äդˤ뱣äȤŹȤѤ뤳ȤǤ롥ͷӤȰŹεΥϰճȶᤤ
Pig Latin ΤۤŤ Hog Latin ȤƾΤ⤢롥Ԥ19Ԥ19˽ФƤ롥줿ƥסֵΥƥפۤɤΰ̣Ǥ롥ºݤˤϥƥȱ椫ʤѲΤ褦ʸդˤȤǡƥ˵줿ȤȤʤ줿ƥɽ魯 dog Latin Ȥɽ17ȾФ˽ФƤ뤬§ŪʤΤȤƥ١Ǥ롥
ʲPig Latin ѴΤǤ졥
#2358. 饤ɤǤѸǯɽ ([2015-10-11-1]) ˤʤ餤Mitchell (361--64) θűѸǯɽ饤ɲƤߤޤʲβåƤ饤ǯɽǤϡΥ̤ Lay = СReligious = ֡Literary = ĤǿʬƤޤ

ʲϡ饤ǯɽΥ١Ȥ̾ɽǯɽǤͤޤǤˡ
| Date | Lay | Religious | Literary |
| 449 | Traditional date of coming of Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. | The legend of Arthur may rest on a British leader who resisted the invaders. | |
| c. 547 | Gildas writes De excidio Britanniæ. | ||
| 560--616 | Æthelbert King of Kent. | ||
| c. 563 | St Columba brings Celtic Christianity to Iona. | ||
| 597 | St Augustine brings Roman Christianity to Kent. | ||
| 616--632 | Edwin King of Northumbria. | ||
| c. 625 | Earliest possible date for Sutton Hoo ship-burial. | ||
| 627 | Edwin converted to Christianity. | ||
| 632 | Edwin killed by heathen King Penda of Mercia. | ||
| 635 | Aidan settles in Lindisfarne, bringing Celtic Christianity. | ||
| 635 | King Cynegils of Wessex converted. | ||
| 641 | Oswald King of Northumbria killed by Penda. | ||
| 654 | Penda killed by Oswy King of Northumbria. | ||
| 664 | Synod of Whitby establishes supremacy of Roman Christianity. | ||
| 664 | St Chad becomes bishop. | ||
| 657--680 | Hild Abbess of Whitby. | Cædmon uses Germanic alliterative verse for religious subjects during this period. | |
| c. 678 | English missions to the continent begin. | ||
| 680 | Approximate earliest date for composition of Beowulf. | ||
| c. 700 | Date of first linguistic records. | ||
| 709 | Death of Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne. | ||
| 731 | Bede completes Historia gentis Anglorum ecclesiastica. | ||
| 735 | Death of Bede. | ||
| c. 735 | Birth of Alcuin. | ||
| 757--796 | Offa King of Mercia. | ||
| 782 | Alcuin settles at Charlemagne's court. | ||
| 793 | Viking raids begin. | Sacking of Lindisfarne. | |
| fl. 796 | Nennius, author or reviser of Historia Britonum. | ||
| 800 | Four great kingdoms remain --- Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Wessex. | ||
| 780--850 | Cynewulf probably flourishes some time in this period. | ||
| 804 | Death of Alcuin. | ||
| 851 | Danes' first winter in England. | ||
| 865 | Great Danish Army lands in East Anglia. | ||
| 867 | Battle of York. End of Northumbria as a political power. | ||
| 870 | King Edmund of East Anglia killed by Danes. East Anglia overrun. | ||
| 871 | Alfred becomes King of Wessex. | ||
| 874 | Danes settle in Yorkshire. | ||
| 877 | Danes settle in East Mercia. | ||
| 880 | Guthrum and his men settle in East Anglia. Only Wessex remains of the four Kingdoms. | ||
| ?886 | Boundaries of Danelaw agreed with Guthrum. Alfred occupies London. | The period of the Alfredian translations and the beginning of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. | |
| 892 | Further Danish invasion. | ||
| 896 | Alfred builds a fleet. | ||
| 899 | Death of King Alfred. | ||
| 899--954 | The creation of the English Kingdom. | ||
| c. 909 | Birth of Dunstan. | ||
| 937 | Battle of Brunanburh. | Poem commemorates the battle. | |
| 954 | The extinction of the Scandinavian kingdom of York. | ||
| 959--975 | Edgar reigns. | ||
| 960 | Dunstan Archbishop of Canterbury. The period of the Monastic Revival. | ||
| c. 971 | The Blickling Homilies. | ||
| 978 or 979 | Murder of King Edward. | ||
| 950--1000 | Approximate dates of the poetry codices --- Junius MS, Vercelli Book, Exeter Book, and Beowulf MS. | ||
| 978--1016 | Ethelred reigns. | ||
| 988 | Death of Dunstan. | ||
| 991 | Battle of Maldon. | Poem commemorates the battle. | |
| 990--992 | Ælfric's Catholic Homilies. | ||
| 993--998 | Ælfric's Lives of the Saints. | ||
| 1003--1023 | Wulfstan Archbishop of York. | ||
| c. 1014 | Sermo Lupi ad Anglos. | ||
| 1005--c. 1012 | Ælfric Abbot of Eynsham. | ||
| 1013 | Sweyn acknowledged as King of England. | ||
| 1014 | Sweyn dies. | ||
| 1016 | Edmund Ironside dies. | ||
| 1016--1042 | Canute and his sons reign. | ||
| 1042--1066 | Edward the Confessor. | ||
| 1066 | Harold King. Battle of Stamford Bridge. Battle of Hastings. William I king. |
The World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS Online) ȤȤ롥¿θ͡ʴ鵭Ҥǡ١˴ŤŪʬۤϿ˥ץåȤƤ뵡ǽͭġǤ롥ʲؤʪȤƤꡤʲؤˤǡ١ȤʤäƤ롥
ǤŪμ˭٤ǡ֡졤ä¿ˤ錄롥ɽåƤȤǡñʬۿޤɽƤȤͥΤȤ߹碌ʬۿޤȤǤ֤شطõΤˤŬƤ롥㤨СVO/OV ֻ (adposition) ؤˤĤơFeature 83A 85A Ȥ߹碌ȡʬۿ롥ĤȲФΥޡΩĤĤܸ췿ΡOV礫ĸֻѡפ졤ФϱѸ췿ΡVO礫ֻѡפǤ롥Ʊ褦 VO/OV NA/AN (Feature 83A 87A) Ȥ߹碌Ͽޤɽ뤳ȤǤˡʤ2Ĥϡ̾Ųؤ濴Ȥ븦ԤˤǤ줿ʸˡѲȸ٤Τʤμ㻳ʸǻȤ졤ƤΤǤ롥
ñΤǡ뤤Ȥ߹碌ǻʤͷ٤WALS Online ϡܥ֥Ǥϡ#1887. ˤͤݤ4Ĥλ ([2014-06-27-1]) ǤƤΤǡȤ
㻳 ָѲˤѿƯסʸˡѲȸ Ƿ ľ֡ ʹ𡦻¼ ͡ԡˡҡ294--308.
#2704. Ź ([2016-09-21-1]) ȴϢơʸͷӤΤˡ֥Ź浡פäƤߤޤϡǤñ n ʸեȤˤˤꡤʸ沽 (encipher) 뤤沽 (decipher) εǽХåɤ Perl Text::Cipher::KeywordAlphabet ⥸塼ѤƤ롥
#868. EDD Online ([2011-09-12-1]) ǾҲ𤷤褦ˡJoseph Wright ˤ The English Dialect Dictionary ŻҲץȤ Innsbruck ؤǿʤƤĤǶᴰȤΤ餻ޤǥ־ΥӥǤϥȼɬפäľܼͳ˥Ǥ褦ˤʤä EDD Online ɤ

ǽ⽼¤Ƥꡤ㤨оΥåȤΤ褦ˡȴϢƼ˸ڤƤϰϿdzǧǤ뵡ǽ롥礦ɸ츻Ūֻ (etymological_respelling) ˴ؤĴδطǡڤƤϰ褬ϿdzǧǤȻפäƤäΤǡ
ޤΤθ The English Dialect Dictionary ΥڡȤƳǧ뤳ȤǤ롥ˤĤƤϡdialect area, part of speech, phonetic, etymology, usage label, source, morphemic, time span ʤɳƼ參ƥˤ륵ǽ
ѥޥ˥奢ǤΤǡȤʤ餢줳ȤäƤߤ뤳Ȥ᤹롥
Wright, Joseph, ed. The English Dialect Dictionary. 6 vols. Henry Frowde, 1898--1905.
n-gram ϡפ䥳ѥؤˤŪʳǰʤǤʡ#2324. n-gram ([2015-09-07-1]), #956. COCA N-Gram Search ([2011-12-09-1]) ȡˡƥȤꤷƤ n-gram ġϥͥåȤ¾ˤߤƤ뤬ƴʰץġCGIǼƤߤХåɤ Perl ⥸塼 Text::Ngrams ѤƤ롥
SIMILE Timeline API ȤΤѤơ֥饦ǥࡼưǯɽǤȤȤΤäΤǡ饤ɤǤѸǯɽäƤߤǯɽǡϡ#777. Ѹάǯɽ ([2011-06-13-1]) ǷǤ Crystal ǤѤ뤳Ȥˤ
饤ǯɽΤΤϡ饢Ƥʤ뤤ϰʲβåˡ塤ܤˤƲäɤȤΤ褤ǯɽ˻ž夲ƤȤ

Crystal, David. The English Language. 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 2002.
ǶǤϡƥʬϤΤιⵡǽʥġ뤬ڤǤ褦ˤʤäѸ쥳ѥʬϤץʤɤǤϡѸ˴Ťͤ͡졤䤹롥Τ褦ʥġƸɬפʤȤФʤʰץƥʬϴ CGI ƤߤΤǡ hellog ǤȤȤ֤ƤƥȥܥåʸϤꤲ
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