
354Ѹ (hel_ogiri) XdzŤޤϡž (metathesis) ƤȤǤ¤Ӥ2Ĥβְ㤤η̤Ҥä֤äƤޤäΤΡ¤ӤɸŪˤʤäƤޤäȤֱФפΤ褦ʻǤְ㤤Ȥʹ֤ˤäƿʸޤƤޤȤΤϡͶΤΤѲΤʤǤ͵ΤȥԥåǤ
Ȥä㡤ꤤ㤬äƤ뤫ȤСñʤǤ⤢ޤŵŪǶʽŪϤĤäƤޤθ夬³ʤΤǤ˻äΤǤ³ޤ¿λüԤ⤬ʤõץ饤ѥݥȤ̤ƤƤäǡ⤷Τ³ȴƤޤʲˡޤȤƤȻפޤ
aks/ask
beorht bright
brand/burn
brid bird
cocodrile crocodile
fersc fresh
forst frost (cf. freeze)
gærs grass
hros horse
iern(an), yrn(an) run
mansk Manx
nutrition, nutriment/nurture
patron pattern
purpose/propose
tax/task
three/third
thirl thrill
þurh through
wæps wasp
wal (whale) + ros (horse)
worht(e) wrought (cf. work)
crocodile ˴ؤƤϡ#5999. crocodile αѸ --- إåץѸ츻ŵ٤ΰճƶ ([2025-09-29-1]) ȤƤ
ʤǽ˴줿Ƥϡ~ߤˤʲʣʻǤ
lamella (ƥ)
la lemelle (ե)
ʬ
l'alemelle
(ؾ)θ
l'alemette
ž
l'amelette
첻Ѳ
l'omelette
omelette (Ѹ)
ܵƱݤǡ314 heldio ˤ#1749. ž --- ޤäƤޤϤޤΤǡҤ⤪İС
216ʷˤ˻ X @chariderryu ˤơ3Ѹ (hel_ogiri) ŤޤΤϡ⤷ʣ (disguised_compound) ƤȤΤǤ礦ظűѸ졦ѸҿӡΥȥָѸ30Ϣȯ No. 22 Ȥdaisy ֥ҥʥפθ츻űѸ dæges ēage "day's eye" ΤäƤޤƤľˡⳫŤޤ
ŤζϼԤǤ⤢ heldio/helwa ꥹʡ ari Υ桼饹ηäˤꡤϡͷӿơ֤äΤ긢̿̾ޤͥϪΥեߥȤơΡ֤ʸפ X Ӹޤ
Daisy֤ Day () Eye () äΤġ
2١ʤ٤ι⤤ǤѸ츻ԼԤ¿ɼƤޤĤΤ褦˻Ǥиǡ⤷äΡٶˤʤäΤĤǺܤޤ
Gospel֤ Good (ɤ) Spell (Τ餻) äΤġ
Curfew֤ Cover (ä) Fire () äΤġ
But֤ By (Ф) Out () äΤġ
About֤ On () By (Ф) Out () äΤġ
Kitchen֤ Cook () -ina () äΤġ
Don֤ Do (롤֤) On () äΤġ
Lapwing֤ Leap (ķͤ) Wink () äΤġ
Answer֤ And (Ф) Swear () äΤġ
Worship֤ Worth () -ship (뤳) äΤġ
Chameleon֤ Khamaí (Ϥ礦) Léōn () äΤġ
Zebra֤ Equus () Ferus () äΤġ
Giraffe֤ Zurn (å) Py () äΤġ
Pyjamas֤ Pāy () Jāma () äΤġ
Philip֥եåס Philéō () Híppos () äΤġ
Barn֤ Bere () Ærn (Ȳ) äΤġ
ơari ޤˤΥեޥåȤ11Ϣȯ
bridal eleven ηޤ꤬ä11neighbor Marshal alarm Ĥ餹ȡɤ squirrel vinegar garlic ɤ handkerchief åä dismal ʸʤầФΤ answer ä
ʤˤ㤬ޤȤϡұñ츻ؽȥܥӥˤѤ
ƤΤϡʬѸ줫ǤʲϴƤܸ줫ǤܸȤѤʤȤˤʤꤽǤ͡
ʤҤˡ֤ () Τ () äΤġ
ҡʤ䤷ˡ֤ () () äΤġ
ʩʤۤȤˡ֤ (դȡ֥å) () äΤġסʽ⤢
ܵƱݤǡ227 heldio ˤ #1734. ֵʣ --- ηȯɽϤޤҤ⤪İ
Ҳ𤷤#6133. ѸΡָä3ع¤פޤ ([2026-02-10-1]) ˰³28ˤ˻ X @chariderryu ˤơ⤷ (hybrid) ƤȤݤΤΩƤơƤӤޤ礦ظűѸ졦ѸҿӡΥȥָѸ30Ϣȯ No. 14 ȤֱѸܸݤʻˤƤľΤȤǤ
Ѹ줫Ȥơѡ촴 ʩ goddess ʽˡʩ촴 ѡ beautiful ˡʩ촴 ѡ촴 court house ʺȽģˡˤĤġΤ褦ʺǡ⤷㤬Ѹˤ⡤ƤȤ櫓ܸˤ⤿Τǡ˽ФƤȹͤǤޤäƤϡ¾夹٤ܸ줫Ǥӹ餵褦ʤ⤷Ƥޤ꤬ȤޤʲǤиǷǺܤޤ
ڡʪ硡
졼ڤ
ĥʤѥ
ˤǻѥ
Хॱ祳饯
祳ȥ˧ߥ륯ƥʥ֥ܥ
ɥ֥르˥ѥ߾Ƥ
ڡ̾硡
ͥѥޥɤߥ塼
ͥͥ륮ɳ־
ڡ¾̾
饪
ԥF.C.
åǼê
ɥۥ
ޡ
ѡͥ륮
ɤ٥åѥ
륹ĥȥɥեȷ
ȿؽեդɽɥʵɾҡ
饤͡ץˡΡꥳռ
ڡѸ硧ִ͡סʥꥷȥƥκˡ
pseudo-science
finalize
television
sociology
ڡ˻äǤʤäǰʸ졡
Хö
פäϺˤդƤޤ͡ä꤬Ȥޤ
ܵƱݤǡ217 heldio ˤ#1724. Ѹֺ --- ηȯɽϤޤҤ⤪İС
Բ ϲ ͭظűѸ졦Ѹҿӡ١ҡ2026ǯ
26ʶˤꡤVoicy heldio ˤ֡ۿѸָä3ع¤ηȯɽϤޤ
ܲ225˸Ҥ괩ͽظűѸ졦Ѹҿӡ夲٤ X @chariderryu ꡤȥָѸ30ϢȯŸƤޤ No. 11 ȤֱѸθäϡ3ơפι¤Ҳ𤷤Ȥ¿ȿޤ
ѸΡֱѡʩפ3ع¤ϡܸΡ¸졦졦פ˴ˤбޤǡX ƤӤơܸǤѸǤ֤줤3ع¤פäȤ쥻θ³ȴޤηɤ߾夲Τ嵭ۿǤ䤬ǤиǤ⤷Ȼפäʶޡޡ̾ޤˤ夲Ƥޤ hellog ˤϿȤƻĤƤȻפޤܸ3ع¤λ㤬濴ȤʤޤѸˤĤƤ⤤Ĥޤ
ڡǰݸ硡
㤰㡦𡦥
졦ݡѥ˥å
ʤˡ/𡦥
ڡ衦ƻ硡
졦Ͽ쥳ʶޡTAKAHASHI
ػҡ
ʤŤŴȡϥޡ
ꡦء
ޤʤӤ䡦饹롼
Ĥ줢۶ԡѡȥ
ڡΡ硡
Ρܥǥ
ޡƬإå
ŷϡ饯
Ф롦ץ쥢ǥ
顦ʪȥ쥸㡼ʶޡmozhi gengo
ڡư硡
ĥ롦ƻ뤹롦˥ʥ⡼֤
֤˾롦ž롦ɥ饤֤
֤롦ԡȤ
ǤࡦϤ롦פ
ڡðۤʻءʤ뤤Ϥʾ硡
ѥڡʤˡĥꥢɥ̾ޡ夵
IJꡦåڡ¯ΡؽѸ졦㡼νŤʤ
ڡѸ3ع¤
hurly-burly - confusion - chaos
fear - terror - panic/phobia
love - affection - eros/philia
grasp - seize - capture
hallow - deify - consecrate
say - mention - refer
teacher - tutor - evangelist
old - ancient - senior
wonderful - surprising - terrific
bright - sparkling - splendid
great - excellent - superb
Ǥ礦֤줤פõΤϰճΤǤñʤǤϤʤؤؤظˤĤơפָŪסơŪפ뤤ϡ֥פؤȸ촶ѤäƤǡ뤫ɤݥȤˤʤޤ⡼ΰ㤤ʤɤռȤ⤷Ǥ͡
Ѹˤδ餤СΤ褦ʸäؤθߤϡθ줬ǤˤθߤΤΤǤ⤢ޤĤƸűѸˤ1ƤääβȤѸ˥եȤ2ʬۤ졤˶ѸˤƤϥƥʤ䥮ꥷˤ3Ѥ߾夬äƤޤ
رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ5ϤǤܤ⤷ƤޤѸϤޤ12äƤʥߥѻǤǤᴩظűѸ졦Ѹҿӡ٤̤ơҤˤθθƤߤƤ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
Բ ϲ ͭظűѸ졦Ѹҿӡ١ҡ2026ǯ
Ʊ۵ (homonymic_clash) Ȥβ˴ؤĤƲƹͤƤߤ뵡ꡤդĴ٤Ƥ롥Ѹޤθ١ܸƱ۵ᤰ礭ۤʤΤǤϤʤȤФ롥ܸظŵ٤ǡƱ۵פƤߤȡδ鶽̣⤬ä (143)
ܸͭǤϡμबʤˡβۤȤɻǤ뤿ˡοϤʤϤ¤졤ޤܸȤѤ줬ۤȤǡ¤줿βȯƤ뤳Ȥʤɤ顤Ʊ۵줬ܸɬŪ¿ʤäƤ롥ޤ䤹Ʊ۵ζ̤ʸ̮ꡦ١ޤɤꡦʹμʤɤˤäƹԤäƤΤ̤Ǥ뤬Ѹ夬⤯ĶƱ۵ζ̤ưפǤϤʤäȤФǤϡȤǶ̤Ǥϡ㤨СֻΩסֻΩפ̤뤿ˡ֥勵ġס֥ġפȸʬֲءסֲʳءפǤϡ֥ХΥפʤɤȸäƶ̤Ƥ롥ʹȤФʸˤܶᤷĸʡֳسزסʡʡסּŵŵסؿ͡͡פʤɡˤäΰտޤȿǽ¿ǤϡΤ褦ʸ䤢ޤ䤹ʤäˤϡĤˤϰθ줬Ѥˤʤ뤳ȤꡤƱͤˤѤȾΤƤ롥ܸǤϤΤ褦ʾͤƤȤߤ롥ϡɽΰȼ뤿ᡤȯƱǤʸ㤨оͤʤȤߤ졤ǽʤ鶦¸Ƥ롥ʤ츻ŪƱǤäΤȤФǤϰۤʤäƤ뤳Ȥˤäƶ̤ԤƤ롥㤨С֥ĥפϡƱθǤ뤬ϼȤơֽ뤤פϡִפФѤǮפϡ䤿פФѤ롥ǤƱ֥פǤַٴ˴̴֡ʴѡפΤ褦ˡΰ㤤ˤäơ̤ǽˤʤäƤ롥Τ褦Ʊ۵¿ѶŪѤơ²Ρ졦̡ͤޤäʤɤǸϤ碌ˤ뤷졦ϸݻ줬Ԥ졤ɽѤΰĤȤѤƤ롥
ܸǤϡɽΰȼפȤʬ祤ѸʤɤǤ⡤ḽ˴ؤ¤ꡤɽΰȤФϳ̵ǤϤʤΰռϡܸ٤ΤǤФä㤤褦˻פ롥ޤܸϡ֤Τ褦Ʊ۵¿ѶŪѤơפȤλŦˤǼä
ܸˤƤƱ۵ͤϤषӻǤꡤȤꤿƤƴĥäƲ褦ȤưŤ夤褦˻פ롥˺ȤϡषФѶŪ˳ڤäƤ餢롥ϡѸʤɤˤƱ۵͡ʲˤǡΤ褦ʤΤȤưռƤ
Ϣơ#285. Ѹֻȴζ (2) ([2010-02-06-1]) #2919. ܸƱ ([2017-04-24-1]) ȡ
ܸظŵ١ ʸۤ ԡ2007ǯ

ܥ֥ɤߤαѸ˥եγԤޤ228ʶˤˡط Helvillian 〜ϥѸˡ٤κǿȤʤ2025ǯ35ָޤѸˤ̥Ϥͤޤä¤ƤȤʤäƤޤ
η֥ޥϡhelwa Υꥹʡʤ֥ͭإᥤȤˤǡ28ˡľ1ΥإᥤȤˤ͡ʱѸ˳ưhel(helkatsu) note ǥĥĤľҲ𤷤ƤȤhelǤҥ֥ޥδϤȤʤäƤ note եƤФȻפޤ碌ܥ֥ helvillian ε⤪ɤߤС
ɽΤȤСΤϡꥹʡ Lilimi ˤ뵭ȼ̿ǤɽǥϡڤߤˤƤޤ
̤ܶϲȤäƤֲۿýǤ1¿ΥإᥤȤ stand.fmʥաˤ̤ƲˤhelϤƤޤ줾ŪʥͥȤʤäƤꡤѸˤ̥ϤƤޤheldio Υѡʥƥ̳ƤȤƤϡhelβۿ֤Ƥ뤳ȤƤޤä夬äƤ륷helñ졼 (ewlr) ǤαѸͷӤˤĤƤϡܥ֥ε#5781. helñ졼פĴ³Ƥޤ ([2025-02-23-1]) ⤴
ۤˤ⿷פhel褬о줷Ƥޤˤ YouTube ưAIäꥸʥͶ˥Ե§ư - LEGACY NEVER FADESOPǤԵ§ưȤѸؽԤǺߤμˤͶ˥Υץ˥ȤǤϤ䡤Τ褦hel褬ƤޤȤϡ
ưۿܤǡ note ʤɤΥƥȥƥĤĴǤѸ츻ŵɥΡȡޡѸ˥ʤɡ֤Ϣܤ³Ƥޤ
ԽѰˤ뻨Ū⸫ɤǤhelwa ΤߡưHelvillian Խ嵭ԽѰˤ뻨ŪǤڤߤˤƤ륳ʡǤߥ˥ƥưäʤɤޤޤƤޤ
Helvillian 5̤ơ͡ʷŸhelڤߤǿ3ξҲϡheldio Ǥ#1371. Helvillian 3椬ۿƤΤǡ⤪İС
#5757. helñ졼סʲˡ ([2025-01-30-1])#5770. helñ졼פθǤηϩ ([2025-02-12-1]) ǾҲ𤷤 stand.fmʥաˤǤͷӡhelñ졼 (English Word-Lore Relay, or ewlr) ΥХȥĴϤäƤޤ졼ηϩʬήȷ㤷ʤäƤơɬ⤦ޤޤɽ路ڤƤʤΤǤƥΡɤ˥ĥäƤǤȻפٺޤƤߤޤ
ܲhelñ졼פ˻á礷ƤäƤإᥤ9̾Ҳ𤷤ޤ9̾ϾοޤγƥΡɤǿʬƤޤˡ
ari ˤari 饸
umisio ˤ֤Τ
夵ˤͥ
Grace ˤ֤~ȤФȤȤ~
δˤֱѸˤĤ֤䤭ͥ (heltalk)
ߡˤ֤ߡͥ
mozhi gengo ˤகதை மொழி 〜⤸〜
~ߤˤ֤~ߤͥ
Lilimi ˤ֤ߤβ
¾ΥإᥤȤ⡤ҥ졼˲äޤ
#5757. helñ졼סʲˡ ([2025-01-30-1]) ǾҲ𤷤 stand.fmʥաˤǤͷӡhelñ졼 (English Word-Lore Relay) θĴ˷³ƤޤإᥤȤ黲ԤƤơ䤫ˤʤäƤޤ
ޤǤΥ졼ή SVG ƤߤޤƥΡɤåȡб륹ۿ٤褦ˤʤäƤޤ
ܲhelñ졼פ˻á礷ƤäƤإᥤ9̾Ҳ𤷤ޤ9̾ϾοޤγƥΡɤǿʬƤޤˡ
ari ˤari 饸
umisio ˤ֤Τ
夵ˤͥ
Grace ˤ֤~ȤФȤȤ~
δˤֱѸˤĤ֤䤭ͥ (heltalk)
ߡˤ֤ߡͥ
mozhi gengo ˤகதை மொழி 〜⤸〜
~ߤˤ֤~ߤͥ
Lilimi ˤ֤ߤβ
Υ졼³Ƥޤ礦
ī6ˡܥ֥λǡǤȤ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ϤƤޤheldio ˤϥץߥꥹʡۿֱѸˤ (helwa)ȤͭǤޤhelwa ˻äƤꥹʡ֤ͭϡѸˤưʤhel (helkatsu) ǮŸƤޤ
Τ褦ʱѸ˳ưȤγϡޤǤϱѸˤ˴ؤ륳ƥĤ note ʤɤΥץåȥեʸϤǸƤޤȤ֤ǡ䤫餪ȤϤΤΡstand.fmʥաˤȤץåȥեhelβƥĤ̴ˤۿƤޤ̵ǤϤޤդβۿΥȤǰ̸Ȥ褷ƥϡɥ㤯ʤäȥꥢ줿ꥹʡͦȹưϤæ˹ޤޤۿȤ⡤ʤȤ⥢Ȥϡ¿ä褦ǡΥإᥤȤβۿˤhel褬ڤߤˤʤäƤޤ
ܲ䤬İƤ¤ꡤʲΥꥹʡդΥȤߤۿϤƤޤ¾ˤ⤤ää顤ҤΤ餻ˡ
ari ˤari 饸
umisio ˤ֤Τ
ޤᤵˤ֤ޤͤ
夵ˤͥ
ߡˤ֤ߡͥ
Lilimi ˤ֤ߤβ
ʸ嵭2025/02/01(Sat)mozhi gengo ˤகதை மொழி 〜⤸〜
ʸ嵭2025/02/09(Sun)~ߤˤ֤~ߤͥ
ʸ嵭2025/02/11(Tue)Grace ˤ֤~ȤФȤȤ~
Ȥ櫓ο֤ǡhelñ졼סʲˤȤۿѤѸ츻ͷӤۿԤ֤ŸƤޤͷӤ̾θϡۤˡָ츻Ȥפetymological word-chainsפʤɤޤ
롼ñǤľβۿԤܤñʤθ츻ˤˡ鼫ͳϢۤƻפ⤫̤αñʤθ츻ˤˤĤơβۿԤȤ˿ʬ٤μܤߤꡤβۿԤ˥졼ϤȤΤǤ
夵 note fun ʻ˱Ѹ˥ۡϤޤꡤLilimi fan (< fanatic) ˤĤʤۿ֥ɥΡ֥եפ fan? Ȥ fun?ŸĤ fan --- helñ졼 (3) fan van ؤȯŸߡˤ#3 εñ졼 ban ˤɤ夤ȤΤߤޤǤξǤΥդǤhelͷӡ˥إᥤȤΤɤʤѤǤ뤳ȤԤƤޤ
ˤĤơ2ܤβۿ饤ǤϤΤǡ碌ƤȤʤ1ܤϥץߥۿǤˡ
ī Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)פۿ#1022. ȡȥ --- khelf ĹڤθơޡǤˤ tautology Ȥϲ"A is A" Τ褦ʰ츫̵̣ʷʤ¸ߤʤФ̣ͭȤʤΤˤĤƤϡkhelfʷѸ˥ե˲ĹڵȤȤ˺äȸƤƤͽǤϤƬФȤݤǤۿǤҤİС
ȡȥˤĤƤϡhellog Ǥϡ#4851. tautology ([2022-08-08-1]) ȤƤǤƳƤޤϱѸ켭ѸΥȡȥλĤƤߤޤ
a beginner who has just started
free gift
He lives alone by himself.
hear with one's ears
helpful assistance
necessary essentials
new innovation
real truth
She is dumb and can not speak.
speak all at once together
the modern university of today
The money should be adequate enough.
They spoke in turn, one after the other.
This candidate will win or not win.
very excellent
widow woman
̣ѡʤɤδ͡ʬǤǤΤˤäƤ periphrasis ʱˡˡpleonasm ʾˡˡredundancy ʾĹˡrepetition ʷ֤ˤʤɤȸƤѤۤŬڤʻ⤢ꤽǤޤͷ (word_play) ȤطƤǤ
ˤäƥȡȥμϰۤʤΤ̸ˤȡȥεȯãϡȡȥθŪǽϡ椬Ƥ֡ꤷΤơޤǤ
YouTube ְʼδѸظإͥפκǿޤ#113. סʥꥺࡪʴѡ˲å---Ҳ𡦰ƣرʸؼԤĤ֤䤯 Ѹȱѹʸᤰ̵á١ꤷơspoonerism ܤƤޤcar park par carkKing Richard Ring Kichard Τ褦˸ְ㤨ƤޤݤΤȤǤ
ưǤñƤޤspoonerism ȤѸϡOxford New College γĹ Rev. William Archibald Spooner (1844--1930) μθְ㤤ã͡ʡˤäȤˤʤߤޤOED ˤȡФ1900ǯǤOxford Ǥ1885ǯȤƻѤƤ褦ǤOED ͿƤʸƤߤޤ礦
An accidental transposition of the initial sounds, or other parts, of two or more words.
Known in colloquial use in Oxford from about 1885.
1900 Globe 5 Feb. To one unacquainted with technical terms it sounds as if the speaker were guilty of a spoonerism.
1923 Notes & Queries 27 Oct. 331/2 In my childhood..an old cousin used to entertain me with what we now call spoonerisms, but which she termed morowskis...Her mother (who dated from the eighteenth century) had taught her the game, stating that the original perpetrator of these strange transpositions was a Polish Count, who was well known in London society of that period.
1976 Oxf. Diocesan Mag. July 15/1 I am not going to put on any weight until I'm fifty, when I shall allow myself to become matronly, ready to be a follower of 'soda and gobbly matrons', as enjoined by the marriage service. (A good Spoonerism that, created quite involuntarily by my mother some years ago.)
2Ĥʸˤ⤢̤ꡤѸ줬ꡤĤޤ Spooner оꡤμθְ㤤Τϡ̤̾ǸƤФƤȤ⤢ä褦ǡդ줿ݤäȤʬ롥
3Ĥʸβ spoonerism ʬǤ礦 soda and gobbly matrons sober and godly matrons θְ㤤äȤȤǤ͡
Ϣơ#5035. 1900ǯʹߤ -ism ([2023-02-08-1]) ȡ
ƣ رʸؼԤĤ֤䤯Ѹȱѹʸᤰ̵á١ʿҡ2022ǯ
Cruse (12--13) ˤȡľŪ˰̣ΰ۾Τˤϡ4ĤμפʥפȤ̣Ū˸̩ʬȤϡľŪ˶ʬǤʬȤȤʬϵΥȤȤƤϤƤȻפ
A. Pleonasm
Kick it with one of your feet.
A female mother.
He was murdered illegally.
B. Dissonance
Arthur is a married bachelor.
Let us drink time.
Pipe ... ditties of no tone. (Keats: Ode to a Grecian Urn)
Kate was very married. (Iris Murdoch: The Nice and the Good)
C. Improbability
The kitten drank a bottle of claret.
The throne was occupied by a pipe-smoking alligator.
Arthur runs faster than the wind.
D. Zeugma
They took the door off its hinges and went through it.
Arthur and his driving licence expired last Thursday.
He was wearing a scarf, a pair of boots, and a look of considerable embarrassment.
A, B, D ϤựŪȤʤ뤬C ϤषŪꡤäȤ̿ȸ¤ȸ
D ܸǤϡ֤Ӥˡפȸ졤ФХȥå䥸硼Ѥ롥ʸ̤ΰ̣ȥǥŪʰ̣äơ2Ĥΰۼɽ1ĤˤޤȤΤ¿㤨СֻϲȤǦѤΤƤסɡȿס֥ȤȥԡûۤɤפΥפǤ롥
Cruse, D. A. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: CUP, 1986.
ֱѸƳ2021Ҳ𤹤륳ƥĤϡˤȯ˹Ҳ as mad as a hatter Ǥʤ˹ҲʤΤǤ礦ʸȸˤɤäƥĤǤ
ƥǤƤ̤ꡤƱɽȤƤ /m/ ƬƧ as mad as a March hare ΤۤŤ褦ǤμɽݸŪľ (proverbial simile) 䶯Ūľ (intensifying simile) ȸƤФޤ#943. Ƭˤ ([2011-11-26-1]) Ǽ夲褦ˡäƬƧ as cool as a cucumber, as dead as a door-nail, as bold as brass त褯ΤƤޤ as mad as a hatter Τ褦ƬƧޤʤΤ⤢ޤΧθĴ˴ŤƤʤȤ⡤餫ΡָλסʺΥǤ˹Ҳȿδطˤͳ褹ʤɡ̤Ȥƥ桼饹ʸ̤ȤǤСΤ⤷ޤ
Ǥ⺣ΥƥĤ EEBO Ф줿ɽįƤ뤦ˡϤ¿ɽ˲鱤ΧװͿƤΤǤϤʤȻפĤޤޤ speculation ˤޤҤ٤ƤߤȻפޤ
as mad as a March hare ϽѸ˽ФŪŤɽǡƬƧǤޤ椷ơ19Ⱦ˸줿 as mad as a hatter ƬƧǤޤhare hatter /h/ ƬƧǤޤŤɽΤˤʤȡɽ뤳ȤˤʤޤΤ褦ʾ硤褯Τ줿Ťɽ˲餫ηǡְäפȤ⾯ʤʤΤǤϤʤȻפޤξˤϡhare /h/ Ȱä hatter ѤΤǤϤʤȵޤʤ˹ҲȿθλȤĤġˡas mad as a March hare Τ褦̾Ƭ "syntagmatic alliteration" ȸƤ֤ΤǤСhare hatter Τ褦ʴطƬ "paradigmatic alliteration" ȸƤ٤뤫⤷ޤСפαΧŪäΤȤǤ͡
ȡas mad as a hart ʤɤ⡤hare Ȥ "paradigmatic alliteration" 饤ԥ졼ɽ⤷ʤȤȤˤʤޤޤas mad as a bear Ȥɽ⤢ä褦Ǥʤɤ hare ȵӱǰääƤΤ "paradigmatic rhyme" ȸƤ٤뤫⤷ޤ١Ȥʤɽä夷ƤФۤɡ⤸äƿɽФȤ⤷䤹ʤΤǤϤʤǤ礦ѸΥѥ CLMET3.0 mad as a herring as mad as Marshal Stair Ȥä桼饹㤬ĤޤƱΤ⤸ȤߤȤǤ
ݸŪľȤθͷӤǤפαΧŪä꤬ͿƤΤǤϤʤȹͤƤߤǤϢơ#1459. Cockney rhyming slang ([2013-04-25-1]) ΤȤפ⤫Ӥޤ
4Ω夲ֱѸƳ2021ˤơBrexitȡïޡꤹرˤ륳ƥĤåפ줿 Brexit ˾ƤؽʸҲ𤷤ĤġŪӼҲŪʴӥ塼ƥĤȤäƤ褤äĤ䤹Ǥʤ顤̩٤ǻȤʤäƤ롥ܴμݤռƳŪǤϤʤܳɤΥƥĤǤ롥
(blend) Ȥϡ (blending) ȸƤФ (word_formation) ˤäƺ줿ΤȤǤ롥ñˤ21˰̤ΤȤǡbrunch (= breakfast + lunch) smog (= smoke + fog) ͭ̾Ǥ롥ʣΤΤ1Ĥʪ˵ͤ।顤Ф (portmanteau word) ȸƤФ뤳Ȥ⤢롥ʸˤħʤɸŪ¦̤ˤĤƤϡ#630. blend(ing) 뤤 portmanteau word θƾΡ ([2011-01-17-1])#893. shortening ʬ (1) ([2011-10-07-1])#3722. ϱ¦βȰפ ([2019-07-06-1]) ʤɤȤ줿
Brexit ϡ鷺Ȥ줿 Britain + exit κ줬ɽ魯νޤ˾Ūäˡ⤸ä Bregret (= Britain + regret) Regrexit (regret + exit) Τ褦Ⱦо̤κ줬ȸ졤Ⱦܵ夷Ƥ嵭ΥƥĤʸʤӡ#2624. Brexit, Breget, Regrexit ([2016-07-03-1])ˤǹͻƤΤϡޤˤܵΤ褦ʾ̤Τ褦ʸݤǤ롥
ϡѸˤˤŪǤꡤܼŪˤϸѸŪʸȤäƤ褤#631. blending γ ([2011-01-18-1]) ǵ褦¿㤬ȶ˸Ф뤿ᡤΤȤϤˤ狼ˤϿʤ⤷ʤ¤Ǥ롥ˤĤƤϡ#631. blending γ ([2011-01-18-1])#876. Ѹˤ뤫Ф˹⤤ ([2011-09-20-1])#940. ¤ ([2011-11-23-1]) ʤɤǤƤ̤Ǥ롥
¤ΤȤΤߤʤ餺깭û (shortening) Ȥ褽ḽŪʸݤʤΤǤ롥ˤĤƤ#878. Algeo Bauer ο쥽Ĵӡ ([2011-09-22-1])#879. Algeo ο쥽Ĵ鼨̻Ū([2011-09-23-1])#889. acronym 20 ([2011-10-03-1])#2982. ܸ˰륢ե٥åƬ ([2017-06-26-1]) ǧ줿
Ǥϡʤˤƺޤṳ̂ݤȤθۤĹƤΤ#3329. ʤϾάʸˤ¿Τ ([2018-06-08-1]) ǵ3˺ƷǤ褦
(1) û̡ͥ륮ṳ̂ߵιޤꡥι̩ٲ (densification) η
(2) άɽȤäƤͤϡɽ䤽λؼоݤˤĤ̤ƤȤСʤֻȤʤƤ봶פ롥ΥΤ̾ΤʤͤФͥ۴Τ褦ʤΤΤǤϤʤɽûȤϡɽΤƤȤξΩĤᡤʹɺ碌뤳ȤǤ롥
(3) άʸˤѤưϤĤλˤ⤢äϤĤƤϸѤˤפȤΥåƥŽ줬ǡѤ뷹äϼҲŪ꤬ˤǤƤꡤΤ褦ʡפĤƤƤĬ뤿ᡤŪʾάߵ߲ƤȤȤǤϤʤ
(1) ϡʸˤΤʤˡʪ˸ΨҲȿǤߤΩǤ롥ޤ2ɽ路Ƥ̣ǤϤ1ɽ뤳ȤǤΤޤ˻ûΨ줬ԤȡƱͤˡȤ⤻路ȲȤƤΤǤ롥
ξҲȤ٤ϤȥХ٤ϤƱƯƤ褦˻פΤ(3) ˻ŦƤִˤߡפ1Ĥϡ嵭ƥǿƤͷӿפˤᤤϡBrexit äƲάǤ礦סϡBritain + exit άǤפȤ褦ʥʥʥ礦ʪǤ⤢Τcf. #3595. ȤͷӤ3ĤΥס ([2019-03-01-1]) ǤֵפΤȤͷӡˡˤϡ路ʤ仦ȲȤ̣ϤʤषʡͷӿפɤäƤ褦˻פ롥Ѹκʸˤϡ츫ȸҲȿǤ褦ˤߤ뤬̤δϡषͷӤǤ⤢Τ
ṳ̂ΰյäƤϡ#1946. ǽŪʴߤû ([2014-08-25-1])#3708. άṳ̂Ϸ־Τߤʤ餺ǽˡǤ ([2019-06-22-1]) ε⻲Ȥ줿
#3590. ֤Ȥͷӡפȸء ([2019-02-24-1]) ǡȤͷ word_play ؤȤоݤȤʤ뤳ȤҲ𤷤ϡͷӤ3ˤĤơ챺 (397--99) ˰͵ʤ鳵⤹롥
(1) ¨ --- ʸ̮뤳Ȥͷ
ޯѤͷӤǤ롥ƱѤơʸ̮˴Ĥʸ̮ħ롥ֲѤפΤ褦ʸ̮æ𤹤뤳Ȥ֤פ䡤夿ڤפΤ褦ʥѥǥȤƸȤоȤռϸפʤɤ⤳तǤ롥Ȥʸ̮åơ⤷ߤ롥ξξ˱¨ŪŸ뤳Ȥ¿פǤ롥
(2) --- åŲ뤳Ȥͷ
(acrostic)ʥ (anagram)ʸ (palindrome) ʤɤΤ褦ˡå餫ŲƤ륿פΤȤͷӤǤ롥ˤĤƤϡ#1875. acrostic ([2014-06-15-1])#1897. "futhorc" acrostic ([2014-07-07-1]) ȡʥϡSalvador Dali ʸؤ Avida Dollars ȤꡤֲϺפïפȤʤɤ롥ʸ Madam, I'm Adam ϼʤΤפʤɡ¨ǺΤǰ˺ޤħ롥
(3) --- ȤƤΤȤͷ
롼§äͷ³뤳ȤŪȤ륲ശФΤȤͷӡŵϡȤꡤɡդΤʤʤʤɤǤ롥ã٤̣ƤϤޤǤϤʤȤФϥƻȤѤƤ롥
ȤͷӤͷ1Ǥ뤫顤3פͷΰŪüƤϤǤ롥üϡ̵Ū̵̵ȤäΤߥ˥䵭δϡŹ (cryptology) ȤϢƤ֤ȤͷӡפϡɤɤäƤơޤ
챺 ֤͡Ȥͷӡסظλŵ١ ʿԡˡīҽŹ2005ǯ396--415ǡ
ȤͷӡʸͷˤϡؤθоݤȤƤϾ˥ޥʡϰ̤Ƥʬ̾ޤäƤʤ⤽֤ȤͷӡפŪ̾ΤޤäƤΤɤѸǤ word play, verbal play, speech play, play of language ʤɤ͡ʸ¸ߤ롥
ޤä椵Ƥʤä櫓ǤϤʤؤʸȤδϢǰƤаޤϤ뤷ǯǤϥߥ˥Ūͻ졤ʬȤƤȯŸǽƤǽȤδϢǤܤƤƤ褦
ԡˤΡظλŵ٤Τʤˡ챺ͤˤ֤Ȥͷӡפꤹ1Ϥꡤ̣ɤΥȥ (396) ˤȡȤͷӤδŪħȤưæȵ2Ȥ
ȤͷӤȤϡ˥ߥ˥εϤȴƤȰæŪɤʱĤߤǤ롥ȤͷӤäʸ̮æ뤤ϥåŲƱˤ餵ޤȤξãȤ¿쾯ʤڤƤ롥
ƱˡȤͷӤϡñ礤˲ŪʱĤߤǤ櫓ǤϤʤȤͷӤͤȤȤͷ֡ɤȤǤΤϡ줬˰εפȤ뤫Ǥ롥ơδפᴷ (convention) Ǥ뤬椨ˡȤͷӤϸġθʸ˸ͭη֤ࡥ
ȤͷӤΡȷɤǤ뤳ȤĶơߥ˥̤ȤʤΤϡˤƤǤ롥
ȤͷӤϡãȤ̤θ쥳ߥ˥ȤϰۤʤäƤ뤬Ǥϲɤ٤ɤΤ褦˰ۤʤäƤΤȤʤ롥ŪʴϤȤ굡ǽŪʴɬפ
ѸΤȤͷӤ˴ؤƤϡCrystal αѸ˭٤˵ĤIJ⤷ƤꡤͭѤǤ롥
챺 ֤͡Ȥͷӡסظλŵ١ ʿԡˡīҽŹ2005ǯ396--415ǡ
Crystal, David. The English Language. 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 2002.
ޤ˼ȤǼƤ롤ͷӤͤȯȯΤΥܸͥΡաפȱѸ "tongue twisters" ʤͭ̾ʤΤƤ롥ѸǤ褯Τ줿 tongue twisters ϡMother Goose ƸؽŵȤΤ¿ѤPDFɤä˳Τ褤ۤǤϤޤƤȤʤ˾꤯ʤΤǤ
[ ]
ִĴ沫
íޤʳ
٤εҤϤ褯Ҥ
ݲˤ⤤ΩƤ
õĤõĶ
˷礬֢˾˷γ
Ƥ߾ƤߤƤξ
Ԥ礳Ԥ礳Ԥ礳Ԥ礳礻ƤԤ礳Ԥ礳ϻԤ礳Ԥ礳
[ Tongue Twisters ]
A glowing gleam growing green.
If Sue chews shoes, Sue should choose the shoes she chews.
A wicked cricket critic cricked his neck at a critical cricket match.
Swan swam over the sea;
Swim, swam, swim.
Swan swam back again.
Well swum swan!
She sells sea-shells on the sea shore;
The shells that she sells are sea-shells I'm sure.
So if she sells sea-shells on the sea shore,
I'm sure that the shells are sea-shore shells.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper;
A peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked;
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper,
Where's the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked?
The Leith police dismisseth us,
I'm thankful, sir, to say;
The Leith police dismisseth us,
They thought we sought to stay.
The Leith police dismisseth us,
We both sighed sighs apiece,
And the sigh that we sighed as we said goodbye
Was the size of the Leith police.
Simon Horobin Does Spelling Matter? ĤˤˮإڥαѸˡ⻲ȡˤǡʷǼ夲Ƥ뤬ꥫǤŪ˥ڥ "spelling bee" ͵Ǥ롥
ڥεϥꥶ٥īΥɤˤ뤬ܤԻؤȯŸΤϡΩΥꥫˤƤǤäWebster Υڥ "Blue-Backed Speller" ΥҥåȤ˻٤졤ꥫι̱Ū٥ȤؤĹWebster Kendall (106--07) ڥˤˤĤƼΤ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥
Webster's speller also gave rise to America's first national pastime, the spelling bee. Before there was baseball or college football or even horse racing, there was the spectator sport that Webster put on the map. Though "the spelling match" first became a popular community event shortly after Webster's textbook became a runaway best seller, its origins date back to the classroom in Elizabethan England. In his speller, The English Schoole-Maister, published in 1596, the British pedagogue Edmund Coote described a method of "how the teacher shall direct his schollers to oppose one another" in spelling competitions. A century and a half later, in his essay, "Idea of the English School," Benjamin Franklin wrote of putting "two of those [scholars] nearest equal in their spelling" and "let[ting] these strive for victory each propounding ten words every day to the other to be spelt." Webster's speller transformed these "wars of words" from classroom skirmishes into community events. By 1800, evening "spelldowns" in New England were common. As one early twentieth-century historian has observed:
The spelling-bee was not a mere drill to impress certain facts upon the plastic memory of youth. It was also one of the recreations of adult life, if recreation be the right word for what was taken so seriously by every one. [We had t]he spectacle of a school trustee standing with a blue-backed Webster open in his hand while gray-haired men and women, one row being captained by the schoolmaster and the other team by the minister, spelled each other down.
ֻȯЪΥߤñΥڥǾĤˤϡ³줿ŵϤȸ츻Ūμ롥̣ǡѸ餷٥ȤȤ
Kendall, Joshua. The Forgotten Founding Father. New York: Berkeley, 2012.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ε#3071. Pig Latin ([2017-09-23-1]) ǤߤͷӤϡȤƤϹֶ߸աפȤ롥ñǤǤؤ俷ǤղäħŤѷΤȤǤꡤñ˲ޤäƤ뤫Τ褦ʰݤ롥
μθͷӤϤ餯¿θ˸롥ܸǤ⡤֥Υաפʤ붴߸դͷӤĹġp. 121ˡ
ʥΥ˥ߥȥϡʥΥ˥⥷åϤ⤷ä
ʥΥ˥⥷åϡʥΥ˥åԥȡʥΥ˥åʤ⤷äȬɤä
Τ褦ˡñʬȤ٤ˤ12Τˡ֥ΥפΤǤ롥֥Ρפ1ˡ֥פ2ˤĤȯȤȡ軰ԤˤˤȤ̣ǤϡŪŹṲ̄ȤǤ롥
߸դϡ̱ͤΤήԤä褦ǡˤʤ餳ȡˤȸƤФ줿9ǯ1772ǯˤ˽Ф줿ޯܡä̦Ƿ٤ˤϡʤβθˡ֥פʤβθˡ֥פդȤä褦˥Բ˶ΤҲ𤵤Ƥ롥ȡ㤨С֥㥯פǤС֥䥯ס֥ͥפǤС֥ͥפȤʤ롥
ҶΤ֥֥֥֥ϥȥ֡פȤλˤ֥װʳγƲθˡ֥פ߹ǡ֥֥֥֥ϥ륬ȥ֥פȲΤͷӤȤ롥ǾȤĤžΤˤ⤷Ǥ롥
߸դ¨ǻСǤԤɤ®˲äС¾ΰŹȤʤΤǤϤʤȻפ롥ʸƤޤСŹȤƤθ̤ϤۤܥȤʤ뤳ȤϤޤǤʤ
Ĺ ԡذŹȤ١̼ҡ2017ǯ
ѸθͷӤ Pig Latin ȤΤ롥ñθ§˴ŤѷͷӤθ§ñǤ롥ƬλҲʷˤ˰ܤˤ <ay> /eɪ/ ɲä롥Ƭ첻ξˤϡ <way> /weɪ/ ɲäΤߡ㤨СPig Latin Igpay Atinlay ȤʤꡤI dont know. Iway ontday nowkay. Ȥʤ롥ƬλҲʷˤΰκۤ䡤ȤƤ <way> /weɪ/ <yey> /weɪ/ ѤʤɤѼߤ롥
Ƥޤ¨Ǻ뤬ƤʤԤˤȤäȤ顤ͷӤˤȤɤޤ餺äդˤ뱣äȤŹȤѤ뤳ȤǤ롥ͷӤȰŹεΥϰճȶᤤ
Pig Latin ΤۤŤ Hog Latin ȤƾΤ⤢롥Ԥ19Ԥ19˽ФƤ롥줿ƥסֵΥƥפۤɤΰ̣Ǥ롥ºݤˤϥƥȱ椫ʤѲΤ褦ʸդˤȤǡƥ˵줿ȤȤʤ줿ƥɽ魯 dog Latin Ȥɽ17ȾФ˽ФƤ뤬§ŪʤΤȤƥ١Ǥ롥
ʲPig Latin ѴΤǤ졥
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