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2026-01-27 Tue

¢£ #6119. falcon ¤Î l ¤Ïȯ²»¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤« [sobokunagimon][notice][l][silent_letter][etymological_respelling][emode][renaissance][french][latin][spelling_pronunciation_gap][eebo][pronunciation]

¡¡ºòÆü¤Îµ­»ö¡Ö#6118. salmon ¤Î l ¤Ï¤Ê¤¼È¯²»¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«¡© --- mond ¤Î¼ÁÌä¡× ([2026-01-26-1]) ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤salmon ¡Êºú¡Ë¤ÎÌÛ»ú l ¤ÎÇØ·Ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë¸ì¸»ÅªÄÖ»ú (etymological_respelling) ¤ÎÌäÂê¤ò¼è¤ê¾å¤²¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥º£²ó¤Ï¡¤¤½¤Î´ØÏ¢¤Ç¡¤¤è¤¯»÷¤¿·Ð°Þ¤ò¤¿¤É¤ê¤Ê¤¬¤é¤â¸½Âå¤Ç¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ë·ë²Ì¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë falcon ¡Ê¥Ï¥ä¥Ö¥µ¡Ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÏä·¤ò¤·¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡¥
¡¡falcon ¤â salmon ¤ÈƱÍÍ¡¤¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ì (falcōnem) ¤ËͳÍ褷¡¤¸Å¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì (faucon) ¤Î½ô·ÁÂÖ¤ò·Ð¤ÆÃæ±Ñ¸ì¤ËÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¡¤Åö½é¤Ï±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤â l ¤Îʸ»ú¤âȯ²»¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡¥¤È¤³¤í¤¬¡¤16À¤µª¤Ë¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ìÄÖ»ú¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ <l> ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤¬¿Í°ÙŪ¤ËÁÞÆþ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¤³¤³¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï salmon ¤È¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤¯Æ±¤¸Æ»¶Ú¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡¤·¤«¤·¡¤¸½Âå±Ñ¸ì¤Îɸ½àŪ¤Êȯ²»¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¤salmon ¤Î <l> ¤¬ÌÛ»ú¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤Î¤ËÂФ·¡¤falcon ¤Î l ¤Ï /ˈfælkən/ ¤ä /ˈfɔːlkən/ ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¤ÄÖ»úÄ̤ê¤Ë /l/ ¤Èȯ²»¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤¬ÉáÄ̤Ǥ¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤ÄÖ»ú¤Îȯ²»¤¬°úÎϤȤʤäÆÈ¯²»¤½¤Î¤â¤Î¤òÊѲ½¤µ¤»¤¿»öÎã¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥
¡¡¤È¤³¤í¤¬¡¤»öÂ֤Ϥ½¤¦Ã±½ã¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥¸½Âå¤Îȯ²»¼ÂÂÖ¤ò¾Ü¤·¤¯Ä´¤Ù¤Æ¤ß¤ë¤È¡¤¶½Ì£¿¼¤¤»ö¼Â¤¬É⤫¤Ó¾å¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤¹¡¥LPD3 ¤Ë·ÇºÜ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¤±ÑÊÆ¤Î°ìÈÌÏüԤòÂоݤȤ·¤¿ Preference Poll ¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò¸«¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡¥


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¡¡°µÅÝŪ¿¿ô¤¬ /l/ ¤òȯ²»¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¤±ÑÊÆ¤È¤â¤Ë3%¤Û¤É¤ÎÏüԤϡ¤¸½ºß¤Ç¤â /l/ ¤ò¶Á¤«¤»¤Ê¤¤ /ˈfɔːkən/ ¤Ê¤É¤Î¸Å¤¤¥¿¥¤¥×¤Îȯ²»¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬³Îǧ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Î <l> ¤ÏÌÛ»ú¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤µ¤é¤Ë¶½Ì£¿¼¤¤¤Î¤Ï¡¤CEPD17 ¤Îµ­½Ò¤Ç¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¼­½ñ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤ÆÃÄê¤Î¥³¥ß¥å¥Ë¥Æ¥£¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë´·ÍѤˤĤ¤¤Æ¤ÎÃí¼á¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥

Note: /ˈfɔː-/ is the usual British pronunciation among people who practise the sport of falconry, with /ˈfɔː-/ and /ˈfɔːl-/ most usual among them in the US.


¡¡Âë¾¢¤Î´Ö¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥¤¥®¥ê¥¹¤Ç¤Ï /l/ ¤òȯ²»¤·¤Ê¤¤·Á¤¬ÉáÄ̤Ǥ¢¤ê¡¤¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤Ç¤â¤½¤Î·¹¸þ¤¬¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡¥ÀìÌç²È¤Î´Ö¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¿ôÀ¤µªÁ°¤ÎÅÁÅýŪ¤Êȯ²»¤¬¡Ö¶È³¦ÍѸì¡×¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë²½Àв½¤·¤Æ»Ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ï¶½Ì£¿¼¤¤¸½¾Ý¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡¤Ç¤Ï¡¤Îò»ËŪ¤Ë¸«¤Æ¤³¤Î <l> ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤Ï¤¤¤Äº¢ÄêÃ夷¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡¥Hotta and Iyeiri ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤EEBO corpus (Early English Books Online) ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë falcon ¤ÎÄÖ»úÊѰۤò¾ÜºÙ¤ËÄ´ºº¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¤½¤ÎÄ´ºº¤Ë¤è¤ì¤Ð¡¤Ã±¿ô·Á¡¦Ê£¿ô·Á¤ò´Þ¤á¤Æ¡¤°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê37Ä̤ê¤â¤Î°Û·Á¤¬³Îǧ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿ (147) ¡¥<l> ¤Î̵ͭ¤ËÃíÌܤ·¤Æ¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

falcon, falcons, faulcon, faucon, fawcons, faucons, fawcon, faulcons, falkon, falcone, faukon, faulcone, faukons, falkons, faulcones, faulkon, faulkons, falcones, faulken, fawlcon, fawkon, faucoun, fauken, fawcoun, fawken, falken, fawkons, fawlkon, falcoun, faucone, faulcens, faulkens, faulkone, fawcones, fawkone, fawlcons, fawlkons


¡¡¤Þ¤µ¤ËÉ´²ÖåçÍð¤ÎÍÍÁê¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤»þ·ÏÎó¤ÇʬÀϤ¹¤ë¤ÈÌÀ³Î¤Ê·¹¸þ¤¬¸«¤¨¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤¹¡¥ÏÀʸ¤Ç¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Þ¤È¤á¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹ (152) ¡¥

FALCON is one of the most helpful items for us in that it occurs frequently enough both in non-etymological spellings without <l> and etymological spellings with <l>. The critical point in time for the item was apparently the middle of the sixteenth century. Until the 1550s and 1560s, the non-etymological type (e.g., <faucon> and <fawcon>) was by far the more common form, whereas in the following decades the etymological type (e.g., <faulcon> and <falcon>) displaced its non-etymological counterpart so quickly that it would be the only spelling in effect at the end of the century.


¡¡¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¤16À¤µªÈ¾¤Ð¡Ê1550ǯÂå~1560ǯÂå¡Ë¤¬Å¾´¹ÅÀ¤Ç¤·¤¿¡¥¤½¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï faucon ¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÅÁÅýŪ¤ÊÄÖ»ú¤¬Í¥Àª¤Ç¤·¤¿¤¬¡¤¤½¤Î¸å¡¤µÞ®¤Ë falcon ¤Ê¤É¤Î¸ì¸»ÅªÄÖ»ú¤¬¼è¤Ã¤ÆÂå¤ï¤ê¡¤À¤µªËö¤Ë¤Ï¤Û¤Ü´°Á´¤ËÃÖ¤­´¹¤ï¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡salmon ¤È falcon¡¥Æ±¤¸»þ´ü¤ËƱ¤¸¤è¤¦¤Êưµ¡¤Ç l ¤¬ÁÞÆþ¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¤°ìÊý¤ÏÌÛ»ú¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¤Â¾Êý¤Ï¡ÊÀìÌç²È¤ò½ü¤±¤Ð¡¤¤Û¤Ü¡Ëȯ²»¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡¥±Ñ¸ì¤ÎÎò»Ë¤Ï¡¤¤³¤¦¤·¤¿Í½Â¬ÉÔ²Äǽ¤Ê¸Ä¡¹¤Îñ¸ì¤Î¥É¥é¥Þ¤ËËþ¤Á¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥
¡¡falcon ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¿¨¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾¤Îµ­»ö¤â¤´»²¾È¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#192. etymological respelling (2)¡× ([2009-11-05-1])
¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#488. ȯ²»¤ÎÍɤì¤ò¼¨¤¹¸ì¤Î°ìÍ÷¡× ([2010-08-28-1])
¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#2099. fault ¤Î l¡× ([2015-01-25-1])
¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#5981. ´£Éô¹±ÆÁ¡ÊÊÔÃø¡Ë¡Ø±Ñ¸ì¸Çͭ̾»ì¸ì¸»¾®¼­Åµ¡Ù¡Ê¸¦µæ¼Ò¡¤2011ǯ¡Ë¡× ([2025-09-11-1])

¡¡¡¦ Wells, J C. ed. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson Education, 2008.
¡¡¡¦ Roach, Peter, James Hartman, and Jane Setter, eds. Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary. 17th ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
¡¡¡¦ Hotta, Ryuichi and Iyeiri Yoko. "The Taking Off and Catching On of Etymological Spellings in Early Modern English: Evidence from the EEBO Corpus." Chapter 8 of English Historical Linguistics: Historical English in Contact. Ed. Bettelou Los, Chris Cummins, Lisa Gotthard, Alpo Honkapohja, and Benjamin Molineaux. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 2022. 143--63.

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2026-01-26 Mon

¢£ #6118. salmon ¤Î l ¤Ï¤Ê¤¼È¯²»¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«¡© --- mond ¤Î¼ÁÌä [mond][sobokunagimon][notice][l][silent_letter][etymological_respelling][emode][renaissance][french][latin][spelling_pronunciation_gap][eebo][pronunciation]

salmon ¤Ï¤Ä¤Å¤ê¤Ë l ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ë l ¤òȯ²»¤·¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤«¤é¤·¤Æ¡¤16~17À¤µª¤¢¤¿¤ê¤Î¤Ä¤Å¤ê¤Èȯ²»¤Îº®Í𤬱ƶÁ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë½­¤¤¤¬¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥salmon¤Îȯ²»¤Èɽµ­¤ÎÎò»Ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¶µ¤¨¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥


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¡¡·ëÏÀ¤«¤é¸À¤¨¤Ð¡¤¼ÁÌä¼Ô¤µ¤ó¤Î¿ä»¡¤ÏÅö¤¿¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥salmon ¤Î l ¤Ï¡¤¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¸ì¸»ÅªÄÖ»ú (etymological_respelling) ¤Îŵ·¿Îã¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¤±Ñ¹ñ¥ë¥Í¥µ¥ó¥¹´ü¤Î³Ø¼Ô¤¿¤Á¤Î¸Åŵ²óµ¢¤Ø¤ÎÆ´¤ì¤¬¶ñ¸½²½¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡hellog ¤Ç¤â¤¿¤Ó¤¿¤Ó¼è¤ê¾å¤²¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¤±Ñ¸ì¤Î¸ì×äο¤¯¤Ï¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤ò·Ðͳ¤·¤ÆÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ì¤Î salmō (acc. salmōnem) ¤Ï¡¤¸Å¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤Ç l ¤¬Ã¦Í saumon ¤Ê¤É¤Î·Á¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥Ãæ±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ë¤³¤Îñ¸ì¤¬¼ÚÍѤµ¤ì¤¿¤È¤­¡¤ÅöÁ³¤Ê¤¬¤é±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤â l ¤ÏÄÖ¤é¤ì¤º¡¤È¯²»¤â¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡¥Åö»þ¤Îʸ¸¥¤ò¸«¤ì¤Ð¡¤samon ¤ä samoun ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÄÖ»ú¤¬°ìÈÌŪ¤À¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡¥
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¡¡²óÅú¤Ç¤Ï¡¤EEBO corpus (Early English Books Online) ¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¶î»È¤·¤Æ¡¤salmon ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤Ë l ¤¬ÄêÃ夷¤Æ¤¤¤¯¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ê»þ´ü¡Ê10ǯ¹ï¤ß¤Î¿ä°Ü¡Ë¤ò¥°¥é¥Õ¤Ç¼¨¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥Ä´ºº¤Î·ë²Ì¡¤1530ǯÂ夫¤é1590ǯÂå¤Ë¤«¤±¤Æ¤¬ÊѲ½¤ÎÃæ¿´´ü¤À¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥1590ǯÂå°Ê¹ß¡¤¸½Âå¤ÎÂбþ´Ø·¸¤¬³ÎΩ¤·¤¿¤È¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡¥
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¡¡¡¦ Hotta, Ryuichi and Iyeiri Yoko. "The Taking Off and Catching On of Etymological Spellings in Early Modern English: Evidence from the EEBO Corpus." Chapter 8 of English Historical Linguistics: Historical English in Contact. Ed. Bettelou Los, Chris Cummins, Lisa Gotthard, Alpo Honkapohja, and Benjamin Molineaux. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 2022. 143--63.

Referrer (Inside): [2026-01-31-1] [2026-01-27-1]

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2024-10-22 Tue

¢£ #5657. ±ª¸ÀŪ have got ¤Îȯã (1) --- Mond ¤Ç¤Î¼ÁÌä¤È²óÅú¤è¤ê [periphrasis][have][perfect][participle][grammaticalisation][emode][mond][sobokunagimon][eebo]

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¡¡Ãμ±¶¦Í­¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹ Mond ¤Ë´ó¤»¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡Ö±ª¸ÀŪ have got¡×¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëÁÇËѤʵ¿Ìä¤Ë¡¤ÀèÆü²óÅú¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¤³¤Á¤é¤è¤ê¤ªÆÉ¤ß¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥ËÜÅö¤Ï¤â¤Ã¤È¾Ü¤·¤¯Ä´¤Ù¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤ÌäÂê¤Ç¡¤º£²ó¤Ï¤È¤ê¤¢¤¨¤º¤Î²óÅú¤À¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤¤³¤ì¤òµ¡¤Ë¹Í¤¨»Ï¤á¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤¤¤È»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥
¡¡ºÇ½é¤Î°ìÊâ¤Ï¡¤¤¤¤Ä¤Ç¤â OED ¤Ç¤¹¡¥±ª¸ÀŪ have got ¤Ï¡¤OED ¤Î get (v.) ¤Î IV ¤Î¹à¤Ë¡¤´°Î»·Á¤ÎÆÃ¼ìÍÑË¡¤È¤·¤Æµ­½Ò¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥

IV. Specialized uses of the perfect.

   In this use, the perfect and past perfect of get (have got, has got, had got) function as a present and past tense verb, which, owing to its formation, does not enter into further compound forms (perfect and past perfect, progressive, passive, or periphrastic expressions with to do), or have an imperative or infinitive.

   In colloquial, regional, and nonstandard use, omission of auxiliary have is frequent in the uses at this branch (e.g. I got some, you got to): see examples in etymology section. An inflected form gots is also sometimes found in similar use (e.g. I gots some, he gots to), especially in African American usage: see further examples in etymology section.

IV.i. In senses equivalent to those of the present and past tenses of have.

   Often, especially in early use, difficult to distinguish from the dynamic use 'have obtained or acquired'.

IV.i.33.a. transitive. To hold as property, be in possession of, own; to possess as a part, attribute, or characteristic; = have v. I.i

[1600 What a beard hast thou got; thou hast got more haire on thy chinne, then Dobbin my philhorse hase on his taile.
   W. Shakespeare, Merchant of Venice]
1611 The care of conseruing and increasing the goods they haue got, and the feare of loosing that which they enioy.
   J. Maxwell, translation of Treasure of Tranquillity xvii. 144
a1616 Fie, th'art a churle, ye'haue got a humour there Does not become a man.
   W. Shakespeare, Timon of Athens (1623) i.ii.25
c1635 My lady has got a cast of her eye.
   H. Glapthorne, Lady Mother (1959) ii.i.22
1670 They have got..such a peculiar Method of Text-dividing.
   J. Eachard, Grounds Contempt of Clergy 113
. . . .


¡¡have got ¤¬ËÜÍè¤ÎưºîŪ¤Ê°ÕÌ£¤òɽ¤ï¤¹¤Î¤«¡¤¸½ÂåÉ÷¤Î¾õÂÖŪ¤Ê°ÕÌ£¤òɽ¤ï¤¹¤Î¤«¡¤ÆÃ¤Ë½é´ü¤ÎÎã¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÏȽÊ̤·¤Ë¤¯¤¤¥±¡¼¥¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È½Ò¤Ù¤é¤ì¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¤17À¤µªÃæ¤ËÉÑÅÙ¤ò¹â¤á¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Ï EEBO corpus ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤¿¸Â¤ê´Ö°ã¤¤¤Ê¤µ¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡¥¤Ê¤¼¡¤¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê·Ð°Þ¤Ç¤³¤Îɽ¸½¤¬¸½¤ï¤ì¡¤°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤«¡¤¿¼·¡¤ê¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¯É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥

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2024-09-17 Tue

¢£ #5622. methoughts ¤ÎÍÑÎã¤òºÆ¤Ó [3ps][impersonal_verb][verb][inflection][preterite][analogy][methinks][eebo][corpus][emode][comment_clause]

¡¡¡Ö#5385. methinks ¤Ë¤Þ¤Ä¤ï¤ë̯¤Ê¸ì·Á¤ò¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¾Ò²ð¡× ([2024-01-24-1]) ¤È¡Ö#5386. ±Ñ¸ì»Ë¾å¤­¤ï¤á¤ÆÇ˳ʤÊ3ñ²á¤Î -s¡× ([2024-01-25-1]) ¤Ç¿¨¤ì¤¿¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¤¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ë¤Ï methoughts ¤È¤¤¤¦±Ñʸˡ»Ë¾å¤Ê¤ó¤È¤âÄÁ̯¤Êư»ì·ÁÂÖ¤¬¸½¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥²áµî·Á¤Ê¤Î¤Ë -s ¸ìÈø¤¬ÉÕ¤¯¤È¤¤¤¦¶Ã¤­¤Î¸ì·Á¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡º£²ó¤Ï¡¤methoughts ¤Î½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤«¤é¤ÎÎã¤ò EEBO corpus ¤è¤êÈ´¤­½Ð¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤·¤¿¡Ê¥³¥ó¥³¡¼¥À¥ó¥¹¥é¥¤¥ó¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¤³¤Á¤é¡Ë¡¥10ǯ¹ï¤ß¤Ç¤Î¥Ò¥Ã¥È¿ô¤Ï¡¤¼¡¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¤¹¡¥

 ALL1600s1610s1620s1630s1640s1650s1660s1670s1680s1690s
METHOUGHTS184   16618377541


¡¡15--16À¤µªÃæ¤Ë¤Ï1Îã¤â¸½¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤ÇÉ½Ãæ¤Ë¤Ï¼¨¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡¥17À¤µª¤ËÆþ¤ê¡¤¤È¤ê¤ï¤±¸åȾ°Ê¹ß¤ËʬÉÛ¤ò¿­¤Ð¤·¤Æ¤­¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥EEBO ¤ÇÄɤ¤¤«¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ï¤³¤³¤Þ¤Ç¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤¤³¤Î¸å¤Î18À¤µª°Ê¹ß¤ÎʬÉۤⵤ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡¥³¥ó¥³¡¼¥À¥ó¥¹¥é¥¤¥ó¤òį¤á¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¡¤methoughts ¤Ï¼çÀá¤òô¤¦¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤ê¤â¡¤¤¹¤Ç¤Ëɾ¸ÀÀá (comment_clause) ¤È¤·¤ÆÁÞÆþŪ¤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÎ㤬¿¤¤¤³¤È¤¬±®¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡Ê¤³¤ì¼«ÂΤϡ¤Âбþ¤¹¤ë¸½ºß·Á methinks ¤ÎÌò³ä¤«¤é¤âÍÆ°×¤ËͽÁÛ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡Ë¡¥
¡¡¤Þ¤¿¡¤methoughts ¤Î¶á¤¯¤ËÎàµÁ¸ì¤È¤¤¤¦¤Ù¤­ seem ¤¬¸½¤ï¤ì¤ëÎã¤â¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«³Îǧ¤µ¤ì¡¤É¾¸ÀÀᤫ¤é¤µ¤é¤ËȯŸ¤·¤Æ¡¤Éû»ìÄøÅÙ¤ÎÌò³ä¤ËÅþ㤷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¹¤éµ¿¤ï¤ì¤ë¤Û¤É¤Ç¤¹¡¥

¡¡¡¦ 1676: methoughts she seem'd though very reserv'd, and uneasie all the time i entertain'd her
¡¡¡¦ 1678: methoughts my head seemed as it were diaphanous
¡¡¡¦ 1679: nay, they so beautiful, so fair did seem, methoughts i took and eat'em in my dream
¡¡¡¦ 1695: yet methoughts you seem chiefly to place this vacancy of the throne upon king iames's abdication

¡¡±Ñ¸ì»Ë¾åû̿¤Ë½ª¤ï¤Ã¤¿¡¤¤­¤ï¤á¤ÆÄÁ̯¤Ê¤³¤Î¸ì·Á¤«¤éÌܤ¬Î¥¤»¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥

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2023-09-21 Thu

¢£ #5260. ´î¤Ó¤ËËþ¤Á¤¿ delicious ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì [eebo][synonym][me][cognate][lexicology][borrowing][loan_word][latin][french][oed][thesaurus][htoed][voicy][heldio]



¡¡º£½µ¤Î·î¡¦²Ð¤ÈϢ³¤·¤Æ¡¤Voicy ¡Ö±Ñ¸ì¤Î¸ì¸»¤¬¿È¤Ë¤Ä¤¯¥é¥¸¥ª (heldio)¡×¡ÊËèÄ«6»þ¤ËÇÛ¿®¡Ë¤Ë¤Æ delicious ¤È¤½¤ÎÎàµÁ¸ì¤ÎÏÃÂê¤òÇÛ¿®¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥

¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#840. delicious, delectable, delightful¡×
¡¡¡¦ ¡Ö#841. deleicious ¤ÎÎò»ËŪÎàµÁ¸ì¤¬¤¿¤¤¤Ø¤ó¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡×

¡¡¤«¤Ä¤Æ¡Ö#283. delectable ¤È delight¡× ([2010-02-04-1]) ¤ÈÂꤹ¤ëµ­»ö¤ò½ñ¤¤¤¿¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¤¤³¤ì¤È¤âÌ©Àܤ˴ؤï¤ëÏÃÂê¤Ç¤¹¡¥¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ìư»ì dēlectāre ¡ÊͶÏǤ¹¤ë¡¤Ì¥Î»¤¹¤ë¡¤´î¤Ð¤»¤ë¡Ë¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¯·ÁÍÆ»ì¤¬ÍÍ¡¹¤ËÇÉÀ¸¤·¡¤¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤Ê·ÁÂÖ¤¬Ãæ±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ë¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤ò·Ðͳ¤·¤Æ¼ÚÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡Ê¤Û¤«¤Ë¡¤¤½¤ì¤é¤ò²£Ìܤ˱Ѹ즤ǷÁÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿Æ±º¬¤Î·ÁÍÆ»ì¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡Ë¡¥¤¤¤º¤ì¤Î·ÁÍÆ»ì¤â¡Ö´î¤Ó¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¡¤´î¤Ð¤»¤ë¡¤Ìû²÷¤Ê¡¤³Ú¤·¤¤¡¨¤ª¤¤¤·¤¤¡¤ÈþÌ£¤Î¡¤Ë§¤·¤¤¡×¤Ê¤É¤Î¥Ý¥¸¥Æ¥£¥ô¤Ê°ÕÌ£¤òɽ¤ï¤·¡¤´Ë¤¯ÎàµÁ¸ì¤È¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤è¤¤Ã±¸ì·²¤ò¹½À®¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥
¡¡¤·¤«¤·¡¤¤µ¤¹¤¬¤ËƱº¬¤ÎÎàµÁ¸ì¤¬¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¶¥¹ç¤¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¡¤¸Ä¡¹¤Î¸ºß°ÕµÁ¤¬Çö¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤Ê¤«¤Ë¤ÏÇѸì¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤â¤Î¡¤¤Û¤È¤ó¤ÉÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤â½Ð¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤Î¤¬Æ»Íý¤Ç¤¹¡¥
¡¡Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary (= HTOED) ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¤Îò»ËŪ¤Ë¤Ï13¤Î¡Ödelicious ¸ì¡×¤¬Éâ¾å¤·¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¥¤¤¤º¤ì¤â¸ì¸»Åª¤Ë dēlectāre ¤ËÁ̤ꤦ¤ëƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¤Ç¤¹¡¥°Ê²¼¤Ë°ìÍ÷¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

¡¡¡¦ ¢÷delite (c1225--1500): Very pleasant or enjoyable; delightful.
¡¡¡¦ delightable (c1300--): Very pleasing or appealing; delightful.
¡¡¡¦ delicate (a1382--1911): That causes pleasure or delight; very pleasing to the senses, luxurious; pleasurable, esp. in a way which promotes calm or relaxation. Obsolete.
¡¡¡¦ delightful (a1400--): Giving or providing delight; very pleasant, charming.
¡¡¡¦ delicious (c1400?-): Very pleasant or enjoyable; very agreeable; delightful; wonderful.
¡¡¡¦ delectable (c1415--): Delightful; extremely pleasant or appealing, (in later use) esp. to the senses; very attractive. Of food, drink, etc.: delicious, very appetizing.
¡¡¡¦ delighting (?a1425--): That gives or causes delight; very pleasing, delightful.
¡¡¡¦ ¢÷delitous (a1425): Very pleasant or enjoyable; delightful.
¡¡¡¦ delightsome (c1484--): Giving or providing delight; = delightful, adj. 1.
¡¡¡¦ ¢÷delectary (?c1500): Very pleasant; delightful.
¡¡¡¦ delighted (1595--1677): That is a cause or source of delight; delightful. Obsolete.
¡¡¡¦ dilly (1909--): Delightful; delicious.
¡¡¡¦ delish (1915--): Extremely pleasing to the senses; (chiefly) very tasty or appetizing. Sometimes of a person: very attractive. Cf. delicious, adj. A.1.

¡¡ÇѸì¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¸ì¤â¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ï³Î¤«¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤°Õ³°¤È¿¤¯¤¬¡Ê¤ª¤ª¤è¤½ÄãÉÑÅÙ¸ì¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤Ï¤¤¤¨¡Ë¸½Ìò¤ÇÀ¸¤­»Ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤¬¡¤¤à¤·¤í¶Ã¤­¤Ç¤¹¡¥¡Ö´î¤Ó¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¡¤Ìû²÷¤Ê¡¨¤ª¤¤¤·¤¤¡×¤È¤¤¤¦´ðËܵÁ¤ÇÉáÄ̤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¤¼ÂºÝŪ¤Ë¤¤¤¨¤Ð delicious, delectable, delightful ¤¯¤é¤¤¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡¥
¡¡¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¸ì×äÎ̵Â̸¯¤¤¡¤¤¢¤ë¤¤¤ÏÎàµÁ¸ì¤Î;¾ê¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÌäÂê¤Ï¡¤±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤Ï·è¤·¤Æµ©¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥´ØÏ¢¤·¤Æ¡¤¡Ö#3157. ²ÚÎï¤Ê¤ë splendid ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¡× ([2017-12-18-1])¡¤¡Ö#4969. splendid ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¤Î¥¿¥¤¥à¥é¥¤¥ó¡× ([2022-12-04-1])¡¤¡Ö#4974. ¢÷splendidious, ¢÷splendidous, ¢÷splendious ¤Î»´¤á¤ÊÉÑÅÙ --- EEBO corpus ¤è¤ê¡× ([2022-12-09-1]) ¤â¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

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2022-12-09 Fri

¢£ #4974. ¢÷splendidious, ¢÷splendidous, ¢÷splendious ¤Î»´¤á¤ÊÉÑÅÙ --- EEBO corpus ¤è¤ê [eebo][corpus][synonym][emode]

¡¡¡Ö#3157. ²ÚÎï¤Ê¤ë splendid ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¡× ([2017-12-18-1])¡¤¡Ö#4969. splendid ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¤Î¥¿¥¤¥à¥é¥¤¥ó¡× ([2022-12-04-1]) ¤Ç¡¤½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤òÃæ¿´¤È¤¹¤ë»þ´ü¤Ë splendid ¤ÎƱº¬ÎàµÁ¸ì¤¬Â¿¿ôÀ¸¤ß½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿ÏÃÂê¤ò¼è¤ê¾å¤²¤¿¡¥
¡¡¤½¤Î¤Ê¤«¤Ç¤â¤È¤ê¤ï¤±Ã»Ì¿¤Ë½ª¤ï¤Ã¤¿¡¤3¤Ä¤Î¹ó»÷¤·¤¿¸ìÈø¤ò¤â¤Ä ¢÷splendidious, ¢÷splendidous, ¢÷splendious ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¤EEBO corpus ¤Ç¸¡º÷¤·¡¤ÉÑÅÙ¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤ß¤¿¡¥»²¹Í¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë¡¤¸½ºß¤â¤Ã¤È¤âÉáÄ̤Πsplendid ¤ÎÉÑÅÙ¤â¹ç¤ï¤»¤Æ¡¤È¾À¤µª¤´¤È¤Ë¿ôÃͤò¤Þ¤È¤á¤Æ¤ß¤¿¡¥

wordcurrent by OEDC16bC17aC17btotal
¢÷splendidious?a1475 (?a1425)--1653214117
¢÷splendidous1607--16400516
¢÷splendious1609--16540112
splendid1624--1511625342665


¡¡ÇѸì¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤¿3¸ì¤Ï¡¤¸½ÌòÃæ¤Ë¤â»´¤á¤ÊÉÑÅÙ¤À¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤¬¤ï¤«¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¡¥Á´ÂΤÇ2Î㤷¤«µó¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤³¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿ splendious ¤Ë»ê¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡Ö¸½Ìò¡×¤À¤Ã¤¿¤È¤¤¤¦É½¸½¤¹¤éÅö¤¿¤é¤Ê¤¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡¥¤³¤Î2¤Ä¤ÎÎãʸ¤òÇÁ¤¤¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦¡Ê¼Ð»úÂΤÏÉ®¼Ô¡Ë¡¥2ÎãÌܤǤÏÀè¹Ô¤¹¤ë delicious ¤¬Æ±¤¸¸ìÈø¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥

¡¡¡¦ 1609: Ilands besides of much hostillitie, which are as sun-shine, sometimes splendious, anon disposed to altering frailtie
¡¡¡¦ 1656: imagin madam, what a delicious life i lead, in so noble company, so splendious entertainment, and so magnificent equipage


¡¡¤³¤Î splendious ¤Ê¤É¤Ï¡¤»ö¼Â¾å¤½¤Î¾ì¤Ç¨Àʤ˥եé¥ó¥¹Ã±¸ì¤é¤·¤¯Â¤¸ì¤µ¤ì¤¿»È¤¤¼Î¤Æ¤ÎÎ×»þ¸ì (nonce word) ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤è¤¯¡¤¡Ö#478. ½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤ËÅò¿å¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¼Ú¤ê¤é¤ì¤Æ¤Ï¼Î¤Æ¤é¤ì¤¿¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ì¡× ([2010-08-18-1]) ¤Ç²òÀ⤷¤¿Åö»þ¤Î»þÂåÀº¿À¤ò¤è¤¯É½¤ï¤¹»öÎã¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡¥¡Öµ±¤«¤·¤¤¡×¤Ï¤º¤Î·ÁÍÆ»ì¤À¤¬¡¤¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¤«¤ê¤½¤á¤Î¸ºß¤À¤Ã¤¿¡¥

Referrer (Inside): [2023-09-21-1]

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2022-12-07 Wed

¢£ #4972. Åý¸ìŪ¤Ê¶¶ÅϤ·¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î I not say. (2) [negative][syntax][word_order][negative_cycle][shakespeare][eebo]

¡¡¡Ö#2233. Åý¸ìŪ¤Ê¶¶ÅϤ·¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î I not say.¡× ([2015-06-08-1]) ¤Ç°ìÅÙ¼è¤ê¾å¤²¤¿¡¤±Ñ¸ì»Ë¾åÌÜΩ¤¿¤Ê¤¤ÈÝÄê¤Î¸ì½ç¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëÏÃÂê¤ËºÆ¤ÓÃíÌܤ·¤¿¤¤¡¥
¡¡¸Å±Ñ¸ì¤«¤éÃæ±Ñ¸ì¤Ë¤«¤±¤Æ¡¤ÈÝÄê¼­¤È¤·¤Æ ne ¤¬ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡ÖS + ne + V¡×¤Î¸ì½ç¤¬µ¬Â§Åª¤À¤Ã¤¿¡¥¤·¤«¤·¡¤ÈÝÄê¼­¤È¤·¤Æ not ¤¬ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¡ÖS + V + not¡×¤Î¸ì½ç¤¬µ¬Â§¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¤¡ÖS + not + V¡×¤ÏÈó¾ï¤Ë¤Þ¤ì¤Ê¹½Â¤¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡¥"Jespersen's cycle" ¤È¾Î¤µ¤ì¤ëÈÝÄ깽¤¤ÎÄÌ»þŪÊѲ½¤Î¤Ê¤«¤Ç¤â¡ÖS + not + V¡×¤Ï¤¦¤Þ¤¯°ÌÃ֤Ť±¤é¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤é¤º¡¤¤è¤¯¤Æ¤â¼þÊÕŪ¤Ê°·¤¤¤Ë¤È¤É¤Þ¤ë¡¥
¡¡¤·¤«¤·¡¤Visser (III, §1440) ¤Ï¡¤Type 'He not spoke (those words)' ¤Î¹½Â¤¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤â¤¦¾¯¤·ÃúÇ«¤Ë¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤·¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¤Îãʸ¤â50·ï°Ê¾å½¸¤á¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤ò°úÍѤ·¤è¤¦¡¥

Before 1500 this type is only sporadically met with, but after 1500 its currency increases and it becomes pretty common in Shakespeare's time. After c1700 a decline sets in and in Present-day English, where the type 'he did not command' is the rule, the idiom is chiefly restricted to poetry. . . . According to Smith (Mod. Språ 27, 1933) it is still used in Modern literary English in order to contrast a verb with a preceding one, e.g. 'The wise mother suggests the duty, not commands it'. The frequency of the use of this type in the 16th and 17th centuries seems to have escaped the attention of grammarians. Thus 1951 Söderlind (p. 218) calls a quotation from Dryden's prose containing this construction "a unique instance of not preceding the finite verb", and 1953 (Ellegård (p. 198) states: "not hardly ever occurred before the finite verb." Poutsma's earliest example (1928 I, i p. 102) is a quotation from Shakespeare. The following statement is interesting, ignoring as it does the occurrence of the idiom between "O.E." (=?perhaps: Middle English) and modern poetry: 1876 Ernest Adams, The Elements of the English Language p. 217: "Frequently in O.E. and, rarely, in modern poetry, do and the infinitive are not employed in negative propositions: I not repent my courtesies---Ford; I not dislike the course.---Ibid.; I swear it would not ruffle me so much As you that not obey me---Tennyson."


¡¡¤³¤Î¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤Î¸å¤Ë1400ǯº¢¤«¤é20À¤µª¤Ë»ê¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÎãʸ¤¬¿ô¿¤¯Îóµó¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥¤È¤ê¤ï¤±½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤ËÃíÌܤ·¤Æ EEBO ¤Ê¤É¤ÎµðÂ祳¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤ÇÄ´ºº¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¤¤«¤Ê¤ê¤ÎÎãʸ¤¬½¸¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡¥

¡¡¡¦ Visser, F. Th. An Historical Syntax of the English Language. 3 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1963--1973.

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2022-10-22 Sat

¢£ #4926. yacht ¤Î <ch> [dutch][loan_word][silent_letter][consonant][spelling_pronunciation][metathesis][phoneme][grapheme][spelling_pronunciation_gap][spelling][consonant][phonology][orthography][digraph][eebo]

¡¡³ØÀ¸¤«¤é <ch> ¤¬ÌÛ»ú (silent_letter) ¤È¤Ê¤ëÄÁ¤·¤¤±Ññ¸ì¤¬4¤Ä¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¶µ¤¨¤Æ¤â¤é¤Ã¤¿¡Êµ®½Å¤Ê¾ðÊó¤ò¤¢¤ê¤¬¤È¤¦¡ª¡Ë¡¥drachm /dræm/, fuchsia /ˈfjuːʃə/, schism /sɪzm/, yacht /jɑt/ ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥Åµµò¤Ï¡Ö#2518. »Ò²»»ú¤ÎÌÛ»ú¡× ([2016-03-19-1]) ¤Ç¼è¤ê¾å¤²¤¿°ëÉô (7) ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥
¡¡º£²ó¤Ï4¸ì¤Î¤¦¤Á yacht ¤ËÃíÌܤ·¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤¤¡¥¤³¤Î¸ì¤Ï16À¤µª¤Î¥ª¥é¥ó¥À¸ì jaght(e) ¤ò¼ÚÍѤ·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¡¤OED ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È½éÎã¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Îʸ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡Êcf. ¡Ö#4444. ¥ª¥é¥ó¥À¼ÚÍѸì¤ÎÀäĺ´ü¤Ï15À¤µª¡× ([2021-06-27-1])¡Ë¡¥½éÎã¤Ç t ¤Î»Ò²»»ú¤¬¤ß¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤¬µ¤¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ë¡¥

a1584 S. Borough in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 330 A barke which was of Dronton, and three or foure Norway yeaghes, belonging to Northbarne.


¡¡±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤Î½é´ü¤ÎÄÖ»ú¡Ê¤ª¤½¤é¤¯È¯²»¤â¡Ë¤Ï¡¤¸¶¸ì¤Î gh ¤Îȯ²»¤ò¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¼è¤ê¹þ¤à¤«¤ËÍɤ줬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤é¤·¤¯¡¤ÍÍ¡¹¤À¤Ã¤¿¤è¤¦¤À¡¥OED ¤Î²òÀâ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¤

Owing to the presence in the Dutch word of the unfamiliar guttural spirant denoted by g(h), the English spellings have been various and erratic; how far they represent varieties of pronunciation it is difficult to say. That a pronunciation /jɔtʃ/ or /jatʃ/, denoted by yatch, once existed seems to be indicated by the plural yatches; it may have been suggested by catch, ketch.


¡¡<t> ¤È <ch> ¤¬È¿Å¾¤·¤¿ yatch ¤È¤½¤ÎÊ£¿ô·Á¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤ò EEBO ¤Ç¸¡º÷¤·¤Æ¤ß¤ë¤È¡¤1670ǯÂ夫¤é1690ǯÂå¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë50Îã¤Û¤É¾å¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿¡¥¤Á¤Ê¤ß¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÄÖ»ú¤Îȿž¤ÏÃæ±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤ÏÄÁ¤·¤¯¤Ê¤¯¡¤¤È¤ê¤ï¤± "guttural spirant" ¤¬´Ø¤ï¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¤è¤¯¸«¤é¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤¢¤ë°ÕÌ£¤Ç¤Ï¤½¤ÎÊʤ¬½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ë¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï¤ß½Ð¤·¤Æ¤­¤¿¡¤¤È¤ß¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡¥
¡¡yatch ¤Îȯ²»¤ÈÄÖ»ú¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¤Dobson (371) ¤¬¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¸ÀµÚ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥

Yawt or yatch 'yacht' are two variant pronunciations which are well evidenced by OED; the former is due to the identification of the Dutch spirant [χ] with ME [χ], of which traces still remained when yacht was adopted in the sixteenth century, so that it was accommodated to the model of, for example, fraught and developed with it, while OED suggests that the latter is due to analogy with catch and ketch---it is certainly due to some sort of corrupt spelling-pronunciation, in the attempt to accommodate the word to native models.


¡¡<t> ¤È <ch> ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¾å¤Îȿž¤È¡¤¤½¤ì¤Ë³¤¯ÄÖ»úȯ²» (spelling_pronunciation) ¤Î·ë²ÌÀ¸¤ß½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿ yacht ¤Î̯¤Ê°Û·Á¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡¥

¡¡¡¦ °ëÉô ·°¡¡¡ÖSilent Consonant Letter ¤ÎʬÀÏ¡½ÆÃ¤Ë±Ñ¸ì»Ë¤Î´ÑÅÀ¤«¤é¸«¤¿¾ì¹ç¤òÃæ¿´¤È¤·¤Æ¡½¡×¡ØÊ¡²¬Âç³Ø¿ÍʸÏÀÁÑ¡ÙÂè5´¬Âè1¹æ, 1973ǯ¡¥117--45ÊÇ¡¥
¡¡¡¦ Dobson, E. J. English Pronunciation 1500--1700. 2nd ed. 2 vols. Oxford: OUP, 1968.

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2021-08-08 Sun

¢£ #4486. coffee, cafe, caffeine [sobokunagimon][french][vowel][loan_word][turkish][arabic][assimilation][eebo]

¡¡¡Ö¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¡×¤Ï coffee /ˈkɒfi/ ¤À¤±¤ì¤É¤â¡¤¤½¤Î°ûÎÁ¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¶½Ê³ºÞ¤Î¡Ö¥«¥Õ¥§¥¤¥ó¡×¤Ï caffeine /ˈkæfiːn/ ¤È¤Ê¤ë¡¥ºÇ½é¤ÎÊì²»¡Ê»ú¡Ë¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ï¤Ê¤¼¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡¥¤³¤ó¤ÊÁÇËѤʵ¿Ì䤬ÀèÆü¥¼¥ßÀ¸¤«¤é´ó¤»¤é¤ì¤¿¡¥³Î¤«¤Ë¤Ê¤¼¤À¤í¤¦¤È»×¤Ã¤ÆÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ß¤¿¡¥
¡¡¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¤ÏÃã¤ä¥Ó¡¼¥ë¤Ê¤É¤Èʤó¤ÇÀ¤³¦¤Ç¹­¤¯ÄÌÍѤ¹¤ëʸ²½¸ì¤Î1¤Ä¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥°ûÍѤȤ·¤Æ¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¤¬Ê¸¸¥¾å½é¤á¤Æ¸½¤ï¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¤10À¤µªÁ°¸å¤Î¥¤¥¹¥é¥à¤Î°å³Ø½ñ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥11À¤µª¤Ë¥¢¥é¥ÖÀ¤³¦¤Ç°ûÍѤµ¤ì»Ï¤á¡¤13À¤µªÈ¾¤Ð¤Ë¤Ï¼ò¤ò¶Ø¤¸¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¤¥¹¥é¥à¶µÅ̤δ֤Ǽò¤ËÂå¤ï¤ë¤â¤Î¤È¤·¤Æ°¦°û¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡¥¤½¤Îº¢¤«¤é¼ò¤Î°ì¼ï¤Î̾Á°¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¥¢¥é¥Ó¥¢¸ì¤Ç qahwa ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡¥16À¤µª¤Ë¥È¥ë¥³¤Î¥¨¥¸¥×¥È±óÀ¬¤òµ¡¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î°ûÎÁ¤Ï¥È¥ë¥³¸ì¤Ë kahve ¤È¤·¤ÆÆþ¤ê¡¤1554ǯ¤Ë¥¤¥¹¥¿¥ó¥Ö¡¼¥ë¤Ë²ÚÎï¤Ê¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼Å¹ Kahve Khāne ¤¬³«¤«¤ì¤¿¡¥
¡¡¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥ÑÀ¤³¦¤Ø¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¤ÎƳÆþ¤Ï¡¤16À¤µª¸åȾ¤Ë¥È¥ë¥³¤ò·Ðͳ¤·¤Æ¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤¿¡¥17À¤µª¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¥ô¥§¥Í¥Á¥¢¤ä¥Ñ¥ê¤Ê¤É³ÆÃϤ˹­¤Þ¤ê¡¤¥¤¥®¥ê¥¹¤Ç¤Ï1650ǯ¤Ë¥ª¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥Õ¥©¡¼¥É¤Ç¡¤1652ǯ¤Ë¥í¥ó¥É¥ó¤ÇºÇ½é¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼Å¹¤¬¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤·¤¿¡¥À¯¼£Ã̵Á¤Î¾ì¤È¤·¤Æ¤âÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ëʸ²½¸½¾Ý¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¥Ï¥¦¥¹ (coffee house) ¤ÎÃÂÀ¸¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥
¡¡¤µ¤Æ¡¤°ûÎÁ¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¤Ï¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¥¤¥®¥ê¥¹¤ËÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿¤ï¤±¤À¤¬¡¤¤½¤ì¤òɽ¤ï¤¹Ì¾Á°¤ä¸ì·Á¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¤É¤¦¤À¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡¥OED ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¤¥¢¥é¥Ó¥¢¸ì qahwah ¤«¤é¥È¥ë¥³¸ì¤Ë kahveh ¤È¤·¤ÆÆþ¤Ã¤¿¸å¡¤¥¤¥¿¥ê¥¢¸ì caffè ¤ò·Ð¤Æ¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥Ñ½ô¸À¸ì¤Ë¼ÚÍѤµ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤«¤È¤¤¤¦¡¥
¡¡²¾¤Ë¥¤¥¿¥ê¥¢¸ì·Á¤ò´ð½à¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤Á°ÀåÊì²»¡Ê»ú¡Ëa ¤¬Êݤ¿¤ì¤¿¤Î¤¬¡¤¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì caf顤¥¹¥Ú¥¤¥ó¸ì caf顤¥Ý¥ë¥È¥¬¥ë¸ì caf顤¥É¥¤¥Ä¸ì Kaffee¡¤¥Ç¥ó¥Þ¡¼¥¯¸ì¡¦¥¹¥¦¥§¡¼¥Ç¥ó¸ì¤Î kaffe ¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡¥°ìÊý¡¤¸åÀåÊì²»¡Ê»ú¡Ë¤ò¤â¤Ä°Û·Á¤È¤·¤ÆÄêÃ夷¤¿¤Î¤¬¡¤±Ñ¸ì coffee¡¤¥ª¥é¥ó¥À¸ì koffie¡¤¸Å¤¤¥É¥¤¥Ä¸ì coffee/koffee¡¤¥í¥·¥¢¸ì kophe/kopheĭ ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡¥¸å¼Ô¤Î o ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¤¥¢¥é¥Ó¥¢¸ì¤ä¥È¥ë¥³¸ì¤Î ahw/ahv ¤¬¼¨¤¹¿°²» w/v ¤¬Ä´²»ÅÀ¤ÎƱ²½ (assimilation) ¤ò°ú¤­µ¯¤³¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤È¿ä¬¤µ¤ì¤ë¡¥Barnhart ¤Î¸ì¸»¼­½ñ¤Îµ­½Ò¤ò»²¾È¤·¤è¤¦¡¥

coffee n. 1598 chaoua, 1601 coffe, 1603-30 coffa, borrowed from Turkish kahveh, or directly from Arabic qahwah coffee, originally, wine. Two forms of this word (with a and with o) came into most modern languages about 1600: the first is represented by French, Spanish, and Portuguese café, Italian caffè, German Kaffee, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish kaffe. The second form is represented by English coffee, Dutch koffie, Russian kofe. The forms with o may have had earlier au (see the earliest English form chaoua), from Turkish -ahv-- or Arabic -ahw-.


¡¡OED ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤Î½éÎã¤Ï1598ǯ¤Î Chaoua ¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¤17À¤µªÃæ¤Ë¤â a ¤ò¤â¤Ä¸ì·Á¤¬»¶¸«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡¥½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤ÎÂ絬ÌÏ¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹ EEBO ¤Ç¸¡º÷¤·¤Æ¤â cahave, kauhi ¤Ê¤É¤¬¤ï¤º¤«¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ë¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤Ã¤¿¡¥¤·¤«¤·¡¤17À¤µª¤ÎÁᤤÃʳ¬¤Ç o ¤ò¤â¤Ä¸ì·Á¤Ë¤Û¤ÜÀÚ¤êÂØ¤ï¤Ã¤¿¤è¤¦¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ë¡¥17À¤µªÁ°È¾¤Ë¤Ï coffa ¤¬¡¤17À¤µª¸åȾ¤Ë¤Ï coffee ¤¬¼çÍ×·Á¤È¤·¤ÆÄêÃ夷¤¿¡¥
¡¡¤µ¤Æ¡¤¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤Ç¤Ï café ¤¬¡Ö¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼¡×¤Î¤ß¤Ê¤é¤º¡Ö¥³¡¼¥Ò¡¼Å¹¡¤¥«¥Õ¥§¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¤¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤È¤·¤Æ¤Îñ¸ì¤¬¡¤Á°¼Ô¤Î¸ìµÁ¤Ç1763ǯ¤Ë¡¤¸å¼Ô¤Î¸ìµÁ¤Ç1802ǯ¤Ë±Ñ¸ì¤ËÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿¡¥¸½Âå±Ñ¸ì¤Î cafe /ˈkæfeɪ/ ¤ÏÄ̾ï¤Ï¸å¼Ô¤Î¸ìµÁ¤Ë¸ÂÄꤷ¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¤ÆüËܸì¤Ç¤âƱÍͤǤ¢¤ë¡¥
¡¡ºÇ¸å¤Ë caffeine ¤À¤¬¡¤¤³¤ì¤Ï1830ǯ¤Ë¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì caféine ¤«¤é±Ñ¸ì¤ËÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿¡¥a ¤ò¤â¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì¤Ç¤Î¸ì·ÁÀ®¤À¤«¤é¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡¥

¡¡¡¦ Barnhart, Robert K. and Sol Steimetz, eds. The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology. Bronxville, NY: The H. W. Wilson, 1988.

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2021-05-29 Sat

¢£ #4415. as mad as a hatter --- ¶¯°ÕŪ¡¦ÐݸÁŪľÓȤθÀÍÕÍ·¤Ó [alliteration][rhyme][metaphor][cockney][slang][word_play][eebo][clmet][khelf_hel_intro_2021]

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Referrer (Inside): [2021-08-25-1]

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2021-02-13 Sat

¢£ #4310. shall's (= shall us = shall we) ¤Ï½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì´ü¤Ç¤½¤³¤½¤³»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿ [eebo][personal_pronoun][speech_act][analogy]

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¡¡¡¦ if he couetously reserue it, how shall 's get it?
¡¡¡¦ where shall 's lay him?
¡¡¡¦ shall 's haue a play of this?
¡¡¡¦ shal 's to the Capitoll?
¡¡¡¦ shall 's daunce?
¡¡¡¦ shall 's to th' Taverne?
¡¡¡¦ come, shal 's shake hands, sirs?
¡¡¡¦ what shall 's do this evening?
¡¡¡¦ shall 's to dinner now?
¡¡¡¦ come, come, shall 's go drink?

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2020-12-29 Tue

¢£ #4264. XXX Made Easy ¤È¤¤¤¦¥¿¥¤¥È¥ë (2) [syntax][clmet][eebo][corpus]

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dialling made easy: or, tables calculated [.] # for the latitude of oxford, (but will serve without sensible difference for most parts of england:) by the help of which, and a line of chords, the hour-lines may quickly and exactly be described upon most sorts of useful dials: [.] # with some brief directions for making two sorts of spot-dials:


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2020-05-16 Sat

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2018-09-18 Tue

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Referrer (Inside): [2020-05-16-1]

[ ¸ÇÄê¥ê¥ó¥¯ | °õºþÍÑ¥Ú¡¼¥¸ ]

2017-11-08 Wed

¢£ #3117. EEBO corpus ¤¬¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹ [eebo][corpus][web_service][site]

¡¡ËÜ¥Ö¥í¥°¤Ç¤â²¿ÅÙ¤«ÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¡¦¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹ EEBO (Early English Books Online) ¤¬¡¤BYU ¤Î Mark Davies »á¤Ë¤è¤ê¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹²½¤µ¤ì¡¤¤³¤Î10·î¤Ë¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¤Ç¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤¿¡¥Early English Books Online corpus ¤è¤ê¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ç¤­¤ë¡¥
¡¡´Êñ¤Ë¤³¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤ò¾Ò²ð¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤¤Þ¤ºµ¬ÌϤȤ·¤Æ¤Ï "755 million words in more than 25,000 texts from the 1470s to the 1690s" ¤ò´Þ¤à¡¤µðÂ祳¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤ï¤«¤ë¡¥»þÂå¤È¤·¤Æ¤Ï½é´ü¶áÂå±Ñ¸ì¤ò¤Þ¤ë¤Þ¤ë¥«¥Ð¡¼¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥BYU·Ï¤Î¾¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤ÈƱÍͤˡ¤¸«½Ð¤·¸ì²½¤¬¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¤Éʻ쥿¥°¤ä°ÕÌ£¥¿¥°¤âÉêÍ¿¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥¥³¥ó¥³¡¼¥À¥ó¥¹¡¦¥é¥¤¥ó¤ò½Ð¤·¤¿¤ê¡¤¶¦µ¯É½¸½¤òʬÀϤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤â¤È¤è¤ê¡¤10ǯ¤´¤È¤Ë¸¡º÷¸ì¶ç¤ÎÉÑÅÙ¤ò¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¥°¥é¥Õ²½¤¹¤ë¤Ê¤É¡¤ÍÍ¡¹¤Êµ¡Ç½¤¬È÷¤ï¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥
¡¡10ǯ¤Î¤Þ¤È¤Þ¤ê¤´¤È¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¿ô¤äÁí¸ì¿ô¤Î¾ðÊó¤Ï¡¤¾å¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Î¥¤¥ó¥Õ¥©¥á¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤«¤éÍÆ°×¤ËÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¤Âè4Îó¤Ë1¥Æ¥­¥¹¥ÈÊÕ¤ê¤ÎÊ¿¶Ñ¸ì¿ô¤ò²Ã¤¨¤¿É½¤ò¼¨¤½¤¦¡¥

Decade#words#texts#words/#texts
1470s712,130 18 39,562.8
1480s3,706,937 43 86,207.8
1490s1,992,503 49 40,663.3
1500s1,288,091 45 28,624.2
1510s946,117 35 27,031.9
1520s3,042,934 73 41,684.0
1530s7,099,997 181 39,226.5
1540s8,709,681 239 36,442.2
1550s7,219,423 283 25,510.3
1560s16,084,901 361 44,556.5
1570s26,927,229 442 60,921.3
1580s31,955,245 558 57,267.5
1590s24,105,385 723 33,340.8
1600s40,031,223 898 44,578.2
1610s42,901,535 894 47,988.3
1620s38,550,967 994 38,783.7
1630s42,826,013 1,036 41,337.9
1640s47,129,000 3,805 12,386.1
1650s99,452,875 2,416 41,164.3
1660s63,491,742 2,481 25,591.2
1670s74,600,805 2,421 30,814.0
1680s92,583,947 3,977 23,279.8
1690s79,719,722 2,999 26,582.1
TOTAL755,078,402 24,971 30,238.2


¡¡Á´´ü´Ö¤Ë¤·¤á¤ë³Æ10ǯ´Ö¤ÎÃͤòɴʬΨ¤Ç¥°¥é¥Õ²½¤·¤Æ¤ß¤¿¡¥ÀÖ¤Ïñ¸ì¿ô¡¤¿å¿§¤Ï¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¿ô¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¤¤¿¿ôÃͤǤ¢¤ë¡¥¤¤¤º¤ì¤â16À¤µª¤«¤é17À¤µª¤Ë¤«¤±¤Æ¥µ¥Ö¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤¬Â礭¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤¬Ê¬¤«¤ë¤¬¡¤Ã±¸ì¿ô¤Ï1650ǯÂå¤È1680ǯÂ塤¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¿ô¤Ï1640ǯÂå¤È1680ǯÂ夬ºÝΩ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤òµ¤¤Ëα¤á¤Æ¤ª¤­¤¿¤¤¡¥

% of Words and Texts for Each Decade in EEBO Corpus

Referrer (Inside): [2020-05-16-1] [2018-09-18-1]

[ ¸ÇÄê¥ê¥ó¥¯ | °õºþÍÑ¥Ú¡¼¥¸ ]

2015-11-15 Sun

¢£ #2393. <Crist> ¢ª <Christ> [loan_translation][etymology][spelling][etymological_respelling][eebo][capitalisation][hebrew]

¡¡¤³¤Î½ÅÍפÊ̾Á°¤Îµ¯¸»¤Ï¡¤¥Ø¥Ö¥é¥¤¸ì¤Ç¡ÖÀ»Ìý¤ÇÀ¶¤á¤ë¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë māshīaχ (> PDE Messiah) ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡¥¤³¤ì¤ò¥®¥ê¥·¥¢¸ì¤ÇËÝÌõ¼ÚÍѤ·¤¿¤â¤Î¡¤¤¤¤ï¤Ð¡Ö¤Ê¤¾¤ê¡×¤¬¡¤¥®¥ê¥·¥¢¸ì¤Î Khrīstós (cf. khríein (v.)) ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤³¤«¤é¥é¥Æ¥ó¸ì Chrīstus ¤ò·Ðͳ¤·¤Æ¡¤±Ñ¸ì¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤Î¸À¸ì¤ØÆþ¤Ã¤¿¡¥¸Å¹âÃϥɥ¤¥Ä¸ì¤Ç¤Ï <crist>, <krist> ¤Î¤Û¤«¤Ë <christ> ¤â¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤¬¡¤¸Å±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤Ï <crist> ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤Ç¸½¤ï¤ì¡¤Ãæ±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤â <ch-> ¤ÎÄÖ»ú¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¸½¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡¥¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¥®¥ê¥·¥¢Ê¸»ú¤òÌϤ·¤Æ¡¤<xpist>, <xps> ¤Ê¤É¤Îɽµ­¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤¨¤¿¡¥
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¡¡EEBO (Early English Books Online) ¤Î¼«ºî¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤«¤é´Ê°×¸¡º÷¤·¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¤15À¤µª¸åȾ¤Ç¤Ï <c-> ¤Î¤ß¤¬¥Ò¥Ã¥È¤·¡¤<ch-> ¤ÎÎã¤Ï¸«Åö¤¿¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡¥¤È¤³¤í¤¬¡¤16À¤µªÁ°È¾¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¡¤100Ëü¸ìÅö¤¿¤ê¤Ç½¾Íè¤Î <c-> ¤¬60²ó¤ÎÉÑÅÙ¤ÇÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¤¿·¶½¤Î <ch-> ¤Ï234²ó¤âÀ¸µ¯¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¥16À¤µª¸åȾ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¡¤µìÄÖ»ú¤Ï¤Û¤ÜÇÑÍѤȤʤä¿¡¥Á´ÂΤȤ·¤Æ¡¤16À¤µªÃæ¤Ë¡¤¿·ÄÖ»ú¤¬ÇúȯŪ¤ÊÀª¤¤¤Ç¿­Ä¥¤·¤¿¤È¤¤¤¨¤ë¡¥

Referrer (Inside): [2018-03-22-1]

[ ¸ÇÄê¥ê¥ó¥¯ | °õºþÍÑ¥Ú¡¼¥¸ ]

2015-09-21 Mon

¢£ #2338. 16À¤µª¡¤hem, 'em ÉÔºß¤ÎÆæ (2) [personal_pronoun][emode][corpus][eebo][punctuation][apostrophe]

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2015-09-15 Tue

¢£ #2332. EEBO ¤Î¥­¡¼¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÃê½Ð [eebo][lob][corpus][keyword][text_tool][emode]

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[ Top 100 ]

amp, note, god, and, that, hath, them, christ, shall, haue, thou, they, thy, so, all, our, not, their, upon, doth, vnto, of, unto, his, king, yet, or, hee, eacute, vs, ye, him, lord, thee, which, bee, doe, saith, men, onely, but, vpon, be, nor, de, c, gods, by, faith, holy, great, church, your, o, as, selfe, wee, owne, ad, con, est, things, then, such, therefore, himselfe, may, y, to, sin, grace, cause, tis, us, mr, ther, kings, thereof, let, spirit, man, al, vp, yea, any, this, ac, s, pro, ing, com, thus, e, against, forth, re, shew, whom, l, wherein

[ -- 200 ]

loue, ly, selves, scripture, self, law, st, those, thing, cor, sinne, being, glory, euery, death, good, sonne, true, neuer, whereof, iohn, againe, psal, pope, religion, ed, hym, soule, hast, lib, ex, heaven, agrave, whiche, pray, neither, downe, acirc, tion, quod, my, sed, fore, soul, nature, euen, dayes, is, p, apostles, euer, till, feare, chap, ver, rom, vnder, ma, qui, vse, according, giue, power, ouer, mans, egrave, lesse, se, doctrine, ne, ment, meanes, themselues, shal, d, sins, viz, prince, did, vertue, wicked, honour, earth, ut, blessed, princes, ter, apostle, th, persons, que, thinke, same, others, lords, ought, pag, truth, none, kingdome

[ -- 300 ]

tho, si, cap, goe, if, beene, flesh, et, christs, make, fathers, concerning, reason, body, mercy, selues, enemies, bishops, farre, v, bishop, ar, hearts, wil, likewise, other, rome, name, obedience, en, wise, cum, speake, finde, nay, iesus, we, conscience, manner, non, heart, sinnes, it, yt, hauing, saints, generall, mat, contrary, worke, wit, sayd, whereby, covenant, wherefore, gen, passe, poore, lorde, publick, word, mens, suffer, na, heare, mee, ei, heb, divers, christians, therein, theyr, minde, shalt, bloud, shewed, certaine, vers, un, son, amongst, ibid, ca, jesus, betwixt, quae, scriptures, say, divine, thine, rest, countrey, besides, di, heauen, cannot, qu, therfore, godly, sent

[ -- 400 ]

m, moses, these, christian, called, n, vn, false, should, paul, also, discourse, meane, without, booke, whence, shee, emperour, souls, place, thereby, yeares, tyme, lawes, peace, what, dis, behold, foure, citie, giuen, israel, anno, liberty, thence, gospel, cast, ograve, aboue, souldiers, tooke, sa, priests, gaue, fol, maketh, places, pardon, te, warre, saviour, wayes, saint, thinges, will, themselves, kinde, suche, bene, love, salvation, yeare, towne, spirituall, esse, fa, duke, majesty, brethren, laws, alwayes, workes, ab, lest, for, wrath, wordes, soules, done, sunt, angels, vel, ry, liue, ted, ty, looke, repentance, dr, beare, prayer, keepe, faire, ii, parts, helpe, iudge, no, churches, r

[ -- 500 ]

dy, vsed, prophet, outward, ble, ap, spake, sect, armes, notwithstanding, come, h, naturall, maner, crosse, popes, sayth, pa, papists, whatsoever, gospell, iudgement, writ, noble, hoc, par, sacrifice, dye, worship, ons, af, eternal, leaue, ob, euill, am, sacrament, diuers, both, ghost, quam, lye, yee, comming, secondly, how, iustice, sword, daies, father, vi, before, prayers, bodie, whome, councell, nec, though, faithfull, lawe, humane, aut, wel, mi, hir, iii, worthy, isa, easie, ugrave, nowe, lawfull, ere, seene, priest, glorious, serue, commanded, earle, forme, thither, eternall, prophets, turne, iewes, mo, im, halfe, matth, manifest, wilt, are, words, iust, betweene, affections, ocirc, li, ned, creatures

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Referrer (Inside): [2018-09-06-1] [2018-01-10-1]

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