ǯٽι㵭Ǥǯ٤ΤΤˡդäκǿǤɽޤ
ؼԤˤοˡؼԤ´ȤʳΤοˡդƤޤƿδʤɤˤϡƤ仲ʸޤޤƤޤΤǡ˳ؽ³ϰŤ뼰ˤɤäƤäƤ
ѤPDFѰդޤΤǡͳ˱ۤƤƷ빽ǤѸˤγؽΩƤƤ
Ϣưʲε bibliography ε⤴Ȥ
#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
#4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
#4870. ѸξҲ ([2022-08-27-1])
#5237. ȯԤΡֱѸˤˤĤĴ٤ס ([2023-08-29-1])
#6150. ֱѸˤפäƤޤ ([2026-02-27-1])
αѸˡܸˡ
ջҡ إ١åѸˡ١ҤĤ˼2007ǯ
Բ ϲ ͭظűѸ졦Ѹҿӡ١ҡ2026ǯ
켣 رѸˡ١ҡ2000ǯ
ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ
߷ ͧ¿̱²ιꥹ --- 4ĤڤѹˤΤ١ҡ2008ǯ
߷ ͧرѸΥ롼ġ١˼Ҥطʸˡӡ2026ǯ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
߷ ͧ ɹ δˡʡ 쵮 ءʹܶϡˡرѸ츻ϥɥ֥å١ҡ2025ǯ
¼ ˡؿѸ --- ԥį ---١رؽDz2006ǯ
ҡˤɤбѸ줬狼 --- Υޥȿ١ҡ2024ǯ
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ.
߷ˡαѸ --- 5Φ˹¿ͤ Englishes١ӡ2026ǯ
ⶶ ѸرѸˤؤӱѸؤ --- ѸθߤȲá١ҡ2020ǯ
ס ׯҡؿѸ١罤۽Ź1988ǯ
رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.
δ졡رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ϲ ͭԡˡ λҡ ¹̾ ԡˡرѸˡ١罤۽Ź1995ǯ
رѸˤɤι١إ֥å Acta 30ҡ2019ǯ
졡رѸˡ١罤ۡ1983ǯ
αѸˡʱѸˡ
Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.7ǤԤƤޤ
Blake, N. F. A History of the English Language. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.
Bradley, Henry. The Making of English. London: Macmillan, 1955.
Bragg, Melvyn. The Adventure of English. New York: Arcade, 2003.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990.
Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Fennell, Barbara A. A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.
Gelderen, Elly van. A History of the English Language. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, 2006.
Görlach, Manfred. The Linguistic History of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.
Gooden, Philip. The Story of English: How the English Language Conquered the World. London: Quercus, 2009.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Hogg, R. M. and D. Denison, eds. A History of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
Horobin, Simon. How English Became English: A Short History of a Global Language. Oxford: OUP, 2016.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.
Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.
McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. 3rd rev. ed. London: Penguin, 2003.
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
Strang, Barbara M. H. A History of English. London: Methuen, 1970.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
αѸ˴ϢΥ֥
ջҡֱѸ̡ʴʸˡסhttps://iyeiri.com/569
ʼ δ졡YouTube ʼδѸظإͥס2022ǯ226~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCth3mYbOZ9WsYgPQa0pxhvw
ֵ (Shota Kikuchi) HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/shotakikuchi
khelf ʷѸ˥եˡKeio History of the English Language Forum HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/khelf-hotta
߷ ֡رѸ츻ŵ٤ǤɤѸֻˡס2025ǯ51~https://sites.google.com/keio.jp/s-terasawa/contents/Ѹ츻ŵǤɤѸֻ
إᥤȡַ HelvillianϥѸˡס2024ǯ108~https://note.com/helwa/m/m82eb39986f24
δ졡hellog~Ѹ˥֥ס2009ǯ51~http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog
δ졡ϢܡѸѸˤλͤס2017ǯ1~12http://www.kenkyusha.co.jp/uploads/history_of_english/series.html
δ졡Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ס2021ǯ62~https://voicy.jp/channel/1950
δ졡YouTube heltube --- Ѹ˥ͥס2022ǯ73~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG4a3V4jvVQ8ebujHeQzN6Q .
ߡA Gateway to Studying HELסhttps://sites.google.com/view/gatewaytohel
ڹ homepageסhttps://yadomi1989.wixsite.com/my-site-1
αѸˡѸؤλͿ
ͺ° ̭ԡˡظʸˡŵ١Ʋ1992ǯ
ջҡ δ졡ʸؤȱѸ˸١ҡ2022ǯ
ж ϺԡˡظѸؼŵ١Ʋ1973ǯ
סԡˡرѸˡ˱ѸءʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
С¾ˡرѸˡ١ ϯƣ ɧԡˡرѸϡ١8--11ˡ罤۽Ź1972--85ǯ
ãڸ ԡˡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ츻ŵ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸˡ˱Ѹ --- ʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
߷ ˧ͺ ()رѸǯɽ --- ѸˡѸػˡʸػˡ̻ ---١ҡ1993ǯ
ԡˡ˸ء١īоȸإȯŸԡ3īҽŹ2018ǯ
ϲ ͭӾ ɧ ˮɧԡˡ罤۱Ѹػŵ١罤۽Ź1983ǯ
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012.
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. The History of English. 5 vols. Berlin/Boston: Gruyter, 2017.
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan, eds. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1999.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003. 3rd ed. 2019.
Hogg, Richard M., ed. The Cambridge History of the English Language. 6 vols. Cambridge: CUP, 1992--2001.
Huddleston, Rodney and Geoffrey K. Pullum, eds. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2002.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
van Kemenade, Ans and Bettelou Los, eds. The Handbook of the History of English. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
˥塼ɱѸ (new_zealand_english) εõĴ1980ǯȾȯƤƤ롥濴Ṳ̄ƤΤ ONZE (Origins of New Zealand English Project) ȤץȤ˥塼ɤΥ٥ؤȤʤäƤ롥
Williams (1998--99) ˤñʾҲɤǤߤ褦
For the origins of the New Zealand accent, a unique set of data are available in the form of recordings made throughout rural New Zealand in the 1940s, among them some of the first New-Zealand-born speakers of English which allowed people on the Origins of New Zealand English Project (ONZE n.d.) to document the embryonic stages of the New Zealand accent.
ONZE ĴȤ̤ˤĤƤϡGordon (et al.) Trudgill ΰϢθ椬ܤʲ˼פνƤ
Gordon, Elizabeth. "That Colonial Twang: New Zealand Speech and New Zealand Identity." Culture and Identity in New Zealand. Ed. David Novitz and Bill Willmott. Wellington: GP Books, 1989. 77--90.
Gordon, Elizabeth. "The Origins of New Zealand Speech: The Limits of Recovering Historical Information from Written Records." English World-Wide 19(19): 61--85.
Gordon, Elizabeth and Andrea Sudbury. "The History of Southern Hemisphere Englishes." Alternative Histories of English. Ed. Richard Watts and Peter Trudgill. London: Routledge, 2002. 67--86.
Gordon, Elizabeth, Lyle Campbell, Jennifer Hay, Margaret MacLagan, Andrea Sudbury, and Peter Trudgill. New Zealand English: Its Origins and Evolution. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge UP, 2004.
Trudgill, Peter. Dialects in Contact. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
Trudgill, Peter. "A Window on the Past: 'Colonial Lag' and New Zealand Evidence for the Phonology of Nineteenth-Century English." American Speech 74(3): 227--39.
Trudgill, Peter. New Dialect Formation: The Inevitability of Colonial Englishes. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2004.
Trudgill, Peter, Elizabeth Gordon, Gillian Lewis, and Margaret Maclagan. "Determinism in New-Dialect Formation and the Genesis of New Zealand English." Journal of Linguistics 36: 299--318.
Williams, Colin H. "Varieties of English: Australian/New Zealand English." Chapter 127 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1995--2012.
ǯٽι㵭ǤѸˤγؽΩĽκǿǤɽޤ
ؼԤˤοˡؼԤ´ȤʳΤοˡդƤޤƿδʤɤˤϡƤ仲ʸޤޤƤޤΤǡ˳ؽ³ϰŤ뼰ˤɤäƤäƤ
ѤPDFѰդޤΤǡͳ˱ۤƤƷ빽Ǥ
Ϣưʲε bibliography ε⤴Ȥ
#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
#4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
#4870. ѸξҲ ([2022-08-27-1])
#5237. ȯԤΡֱѸˤˤĤĴ٤ס ([2023-08-29-1])
αѸˡܸˡ
ջҡ إ١åѸˡ١ҤĤ˼2007ǯ
켣 رѸˡ١ҡ2000ǯ
ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ
߷ ͧ¿̱²ιꥹ --- 4ĤڤѹˤΤ١ҡ2008ǯ
߷ ͧرѸΥ롼ġ١ҡ2011ǯ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
¼ ˡؿѸ --- ԥį ---١رؽDz2006ǯ
ҡˤɤбѸ줬狼 --- Υޥȿ١ҡ2024ǯ
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ.
ⶶ ѸرѸˤؤӱѸؤ --- ѸθߤȲá١ҡ2020ǯ
ס ׯҡؿѸ١罤۽Ź1988ǯ
رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.
δ졡رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ϲ ͭԡˡ λҡ ¹̾ ԡˡرѸˡ١罤۽Ź1995ǯ
رѸˤɤι١إ֥å Acta 30ҡ2019ǯ
졡رѸˡ١罤ۡ1983ǯ
αѸˡʱѸˡ
Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Blake, N. F. A History of the English Language. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.
Bradley, Henry. The Making of English. London: Macmillan, 1955.
Bragg, Melvyn. The Adventure of English. New York: Arcade, 2003.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990.
Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Fennell, Barbara A. A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.
Gelderen, Elly van. A History of the English Language. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, 2006.
Görlach, Manfred. The Linguistic History of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.
Gooden, Philip. The Story of English: How the English Language Conquered the World. London: Quercus, 2009.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Hogg, R. M. and D. Denison, eds. A History of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
Horobin, Simon. How English Became English: A Short History of a Global Language. Oxford: OUP, 2016.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.
Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.
McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. 3rd rev. ed. London: Penguin, 2003.
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
Strang, Barbara M. H. A History of English. London: Methuen, 1970.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
αѸ˴ϢΥ֥ȡ
ջҡֱѸ̡ʴʸˡסhttps://iyeiri.com/569
ʼ δ졡YouTube ʼδѸظإͥס2022ǯ226~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCth3mYbOZ9WsYgPQa0pxhvw
ֵ (Shota Kikuchi) HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/shotakikuchi
khelf ʷѸ˥եˡKeio History of the English Language Forum HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/khelf-hotta
δ졡hellog~Ѹ˥֥ס2009ǯ51~http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog
δ졡ϢܡѸѸˤλͤס2017ǯ1~12http://www.kenkyusha.co.jp/uploads/history_of_english/series.html
δ졡Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ס2021ǯ62~https://voicy.jp/channel/1950
δ졡YouTube heltube --- Ѹ˥ͥס2022ǯ73~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG4a3V4jvVQ8ebujHeQzN6Q .
δ졡stand.fm ֱѸˤĤ֤䤭ͥ (heltalk)ס2023ǯ105~https://stand.fm/channels/650f4aef0bc9d6e1d67d6767
ߡA Gateway to Studying HELסhttps://sites.google.com/view/gatewaytohel
ڹ homepageסhttps://yadomi1989.wixsite.com/my-site-1
αѸˡѸؤλͿ
ͺ° ̭ԡˡظʸˡŵ١Ʋ1992ǯ
ջҡ δ졡ʸؤȱѸ˸١ҡ2022ǯ
ж ϺԡˡظѸؼŵ١Ʋ1973ǯ
סԡˡرѸˡ˱ѸءʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
С¾ˡرѸˡ١ ϯƣ ɧԡˡرѸϡ١8--11ˡ罤۽Ź1972--85ǯ
ãڸ ԡˡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ츻ŵ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸˡ˱Ѹ --- ʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
߷ ˧ͺ ()رѸǯɽ --- ѸˡѸػˡʸػˡ̻ ---١ҡ1993ǯ
ԡˡ˸ء١īоȸإȯŸԡ3īҽŹ2018ǯ
ϲ ͭӾ ɧ ˮɧԡˡ罤۱Ѹػŵ١罤۽Ź1983ǯ
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012.
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. The History of English. 5 vols. Berlin/Boston: Gruyter, 2017.
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan, eds. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1999.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003. 3rd ed. 2019.
Hogg, Richard M., ed. The Cambridge History of the English Language. 6 vols. Cambridge: CUP, 1992--2001.
Huddleston, Rodney and Geoffrey K. Pullum, eds. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2002.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
van Kemenade, Ans and Bettelou Los, eds. The Handbook of the History of English. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
ϹɼԸȤʤ뤬Oxford Bibliographies Linguistics ι˽ѤƤ郎ƽǤ롥Ǥ˰ʲεǿƤ
#4631. Oxford Bibliographies ˤ̣Ѳγס ([2021-12-31-1])
#4634. Oxford Bibliographies ˤѸ˸ˡ ([2022-01-03-1])
#4742. Oxford Bibliographies ˤѲγס ([2022-04-21-1])
#5124. Oxford Bibliographies ˤʸˡγס ([2023-05-08-1])
Linguistics ι۲ˤĤơĤǤȡƽؤΥĥäƤ桦ؽΤˤɤ
ǯ١ī㡼ɶˤƥָֺ츻ŵǤɤѸˡ˰٤Υڡdz֤Ƥޤ̡饤Υϥ֥åɷʸƨۿˤǤ
6928ڡˤ17:30--19:00ˡֱѸ졤θȸפꤷƳ֤ޤűѸȸťΥɸθܿܤޤ
12ΥȾʬۤɿʤǤޤΥߥǡȾγƲޥɥޥåפƤΤͭѤ⤷ʤȻפΩmarkmap Ȥ־ΥġѤơޤֱѸ츻ŵڤס2024ǯ427֡ˤΥޥɥޥåפäƤߤޤʲȤƤɤˡ
ΥˤĤƤ hellog heldio βǤ夲ƤΤǡ⤴Ȥ
hellog #5453. īֺ¤οָ츻ŵǤɤѸˡפ427Ϥޤޤ ([2024-04-01-1])
hellog #5481. īֺ¤οָ츻ŵǤɤѸˡפ1λޤ ([2024-04-29-1])
heldio #1058. īֺ¤οָ츻ŵǤɤѸˡפ427ǻϤޤޤ
߷ ˧ͺԽ紴ˡرѸ츻ŵٿǡҡ2024ǯ
ǯٽιȤʤäƤޤѸˤγؽΩĽκǿǤɽޤ
ؼԤˤοˡؼԤ´ȤʳΤοˡդƤޤƿδʤɤˤϡƤ仲ʸޤޤƤޤΤǡ˳ؽ³ϰŤ뼰ˤɤäƤäƤ
ѤPDFѰդޤΤǡͳ˱ۤƤƷ빽Ǥ
Ϣưʲε bibliography ε⤴Ȥ
#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
#4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
#4870. ѸξҲ ([2022-08-27-1])
#5237. ȯԤΡֱѸˤˤĤĴ٤ס ([2023-08-29-1])
αѸˡܸˡ
ջҡ إ١åѸˡ١ҤĤ˼2007ǯ
켣 رѸˡ١ҡ2000ǯ
ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ
߷ ͧ¿̱²ιꥹ --- 4ĤڤѹˤΤ١ҡ2008ǯ
߷ ͧرѸΥ롼ġ١ҡ2011ǯ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
¼ ˡؿѸ --- ԥį ---١رؽDz2006ǯ
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ.
ⶶ ѸرѸˤؤӱѸؤ --- ѸθߤȲá١ҡ2020ǯ
ס ׯҡؿѸ١罤۽Ź1988ǯ
رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.
δ졡رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ϲ ͭԡˡ λҡ ¹̾ ԡˡرѸˡ١罤۽Ź1995ǯ
رѸˤɤι١إ֥å Acta 30ҡ2019ǯ
졡رѸˡ١罤ۡ1983ǯ
αѸˡʱѸˡ
Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Blake, N. F. A History of the English Language. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.
Bradley, Henry. The Making of English. London: Macmillan, 1955.
Bragg, Melvyn. The Adventure of English. New York: Arcade, 2003.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990.
Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Fennell, Barbara A. A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.
Gelderen, Elly van. A History of the English Language. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, 2006.
Görlach, Manfred. The Linguistic History of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.
Gooden, Philip. The Story of English: How the English Language Conquered the World. London: Quercus, 2009.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Hogg, R. M. and D. Denison, eds. A History of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
Horobin, Simon. How English Became English: A Short History of a Global Language. Oxford: OUP, 2016.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.
Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.
McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. 3rd rev. ed. London: Penguin, 2003.
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
Strang, Barbara M. H. A History of English. London: Methuen, 1970.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
αѸ˴ϢΥ֥ȡ
ջҡֱѸ̡ʴʸˡסhttps://iyeiri.com/569
ʼ δ졡YouTube ʼδѸظإͥס2022ǯ226~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCth3mYbOZ9WsYgPQa0pxhvw
ֵ (Shota Kikuchi) HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/shotakikuchi
khelf ʷѸ˥եˡKeio History of the English Language Forum HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/khelf-hotta
δ졡hellog~Ѹ˥֥ס2009ǯ51~http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog
δ졡ϢܡѸѸˤλͤס2017ǯ1~12http://www.kenkyusha.co.jp/uploads/history_of_english/series.html
δ졡Voicy Ѹθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ס2021ǯ62~https://voicy.jp/channel/1950
ߡA Gateway to Studying HELסhttps://sites.google.com/view/gatewaytohel
ڹ homepageסhttps://yadomi1989.wixsite.com/my-site-1
αѸˡѸؤλͿ
ͺ° ̭ԡˡظʸˡŵ١Ʋ1992ǯ
ջҡ δ졡ʸؤȱѸ˸١ҡ2022ǯ
ж ϺԡˡظѸؼŵ١Ʋ1973ǯ
סԡˡرѸˡ˱ѸءʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
С¾ˡرѸˡ١ ϯƣ ɧԡˡرѸϡ١8--11ˡ罤۽Ź1972--85ǯ
ãڸ ԡˡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ츻ŵ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸˡ˱Ѹ --- ʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
߷ ˧ͺ ()رѸǯɽ --- ѸˡѸػˡʸػˡ̻ ---١ҡ1993ǯ
ԡˡ˸ء١īоȸإȯŸԡ3īҽŹ2018ǯ
ϲ ͭӾ ɧ ˮɧԡˡ罤۱Ѹػŵ١罤۽Ź1983ǯ
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012.
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. The History of English. 5 vols. Berlin/Boston: Gruyter, 2017.
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan, eds. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1999.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003. 3rd ed. 2019.
Hogg, Richard M., ed. The Cambridge History of the English Language. 6 vols. Cambridge: CUP, 1992--2001.
Huddleston, Rodney and Geoffrey K. Pullum, eds. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2002.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
van Kemenade, Ans and Bettelou Los, eds. The Handbook of the History of English. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
пʷʸʸ칶ˤοΥˡԥκʰɽʼɮǯˤ˷ǺܤƤ (42--43) ֺʰɽο꼹ɮǯϡʤˤĤƤ Martin Wiggins, British Drama 1533--1642: A Catalogue (Oxford University Press, 2021--) ˡˤĤƤ Arden ǥԥ3ˤ˵äƤޤ (43) ȤΤȤǡʲ˰ƸƤʴϢơ#1044. ѸʡChaucerShakespeareά ([2012-03-06-1]) ⻲ȡˡɽΡȽפϡF = Folio ޤܡ, Q = Quarter ʻͤޤܡ, O = Octavo Ȭޤܡˡ
*: ԥ¸̿˵λĤäƤʡ+: ɥˡرåեɡޤϥ֥åǤξĤäƤ
[A] Pembroke's Men [B] Strange's Men [C] Derby's Men [D] Chamberlain's Men [E] King's Men
| ̾ | 꼹ɮǯ | ǽǯ (Ƚ) [η] |
|---|---|---|
| إϻ Henry VI, Part 2 | 1591 | 1594 (Q) [A?] |
| إϻ軰 Henry VI, Part 3 | 1591 | 1595 (O) [A] |
| 㤸Ϥʤ餷 The Taming of the Shrew | 1592 | 1623 (F) [A] |
| إϻ Henry VI, Part 1 | 1592 | 1623 (F) [B] |
| ɥ˥ Titus Andronicus | 1592 | 1594 (Q) [A?] |
| ְ㤤δ The Comedy of Errors | 1592 | 1623 (F) [A?+*] |
| 㡼ɻ Richard III | 1593 | 1597 (Q) [C?] |
| ɥɻ Edward III | 1593 | 1596 (Q) [?] |
| ʥȥɡ˥λ Venus and Adonis | 1593--94 | 1593 (Q) |
| ʤ» The Two Gentlemen of Verona | 1594 | 1623 (F) [?] |
| ߥȥꥨå Romeo and Juliet | 1594 | 1597 (Q) [D?] |
| 롼Ϳλ The Rape of Lucrece | 1593--94 | 1594 (Q) |
| 㡼 Richard II | 1595 | 1597 (Q) [D] |
| Ƥ̴ A Midsummer Night's Dream | 1595 | 1600 (Q) [D*] |
| ιޤ» Love's Labour's Lost | 1596 | 1598 (Q) [D*] |
| King John | 1596 | 1623 (F) [D] |
| ˥ξ The Merchant of Venice | 1596 | 1600 (Q) [D*] |
| إ Henry IV, Part 1 | 1597 | 1598 (Q) [D*] |
| ۵ʽ˼ The Merry Wives of Windsor | 1597 | 1602 (Q) [D*] |
| إ Henry IV, Part 2 | 1597 | 1609 (Q) [D*] |
| Much Ado About Nothing | 1598 | 1600 (Q) [D*] |
| إ Henry V | 1599 | 1600 (Q) [D*] |
| ꥢ Julius Caesar | 1599 | 1623 (F) [D*] |
| Ǯνԡλ The Passionate Pilgrim | 1598--99 | 1599 (Q) |
| ˾ޤ As You Like It | 1600 | 1623 [F] [D] |
| ϥå Hamlet | 1600 | 1603 (Q) [D+] |
| Twelfth Night, or What You Will | 1601 | 1623 (Q) [D+] |
| ԻĻȷλ The Passionate Pilgrim | 1601 | 1601 (Q) |
| ȥ饹ȥ쥷 Troilus and Cressida | 1602 | 1609 (Q) [D] |
| ܤˤϼܤ Measure for Measure | 1603 | 1623 (F) [E*] |
| Othello | 1604 | 1622 (Q) [E+*] |
| 褱Ф٤Ƥ褷 All's Well That Ends Well | 1605 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ꥢ King Lear | 1605 | 1608 (Q) [E*] |
| ޥ٥ Macbeth | 1606 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ȥˡȥ쥪ѥȥ Antony and Cleopatra | 1606 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ƥͤΥ Timon of Athens | 1607 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ڥꥯ Pericles | 1607 | 1609 (Q) [E] |
| ꥪ쥤ʥ Coriolanus | 1608 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ͥåȽλ Sonnets | ?--1609 | 1609 (Q) |
| ͤòλ A Lover's Complaint | 1609 | 1609 (Q) |
| ٥ Cymbeline | 1610 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| ʪ The Winter's Tale | 1611 | 1623 (F) [E*] |
| ƥڥ The Tempest | 1611 | 1623 (F) [E*] |
| إȬ Henry VIII | 1612 | 1623 (F) [E] |
| The Two Noble Kinsmen | 1613 | 1634 (Q) [E] |

ܽˤĤƤϺ Voicy heldio Ǥ#898. пΤξҲ --- إԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯˡȤƤҲ𤷤ƤޤΤǡҤİ
إԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯ
־ǡȯԤ֥ơĴ Paste+ץΤʤˡֱѸˤˤĤĴ٤פꤹ椬뤳Ȥȯޤ LSʿʸظʡˤˤǡ2023ǯ112ȯԤƤޤ
ܽʬˡ (NDC) ʬֹ830.2פʬҲȤȤǡϤޤˡֱѸˡפǤƱǤϴϢɤȤƤۤˡ˸ءסָűѸפƤޤ

4ڡˤ錄ꡤۤΩ줫Ѹˤ˴ؤܤ䤽¾λҲ𤵤Ƥޤܥ֥Ҳ𤵤ƤꡤӤäꡪѸˤؤǤߤΤɤ⡤ɤϤФ褤ʬʤȤˤǤ
ܥ֥ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ǡؤӻϤΤɽʤɤŪ˹ԤʤäƤޤʲˤĤؤΥĥäƤޤ
hellog #4727. Ѹ˳ν2022ǯǡˡ ([2022-04-06-1])
hellog #4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
heldio #140. ̡Ѹˤ (2021/10/18)
hellog #4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
heldio #313. ྰȤ̡˼äߤαѸ˳3 (2022/04/09)
hellog #3636. ǯٽرѸΡ֤ʤפ롡ϤƤαѸˡ٤Ҳ ([2019-04-11-1])
heldio #315. ǦȤ̡Baugh and Cable αѸ˳ (2022/04/10)
hellog #4133. OED ˤѸ˳ ([2020-08-20-1])
ʸˡ (grammaticalisation) ϡޤؤμפΰƤ롥ϸˡ˸ءѲʸ̮鸽ƤǰߤǤǧθؤ䥳ѥؤȤӤĤʸˡˤưĬήƤ롥ʸˡζŪϡ̣ǥСΤ¿ΤΡФвˡʤɳƼ̤ؤϤ߽ФƤΤạ̇̄Ǥ1ĤθؤȤߤʤƤ褤ۤɤǤ롥
Oxford Bibliographies ϡʬȤŪ˥åץǡȤĤľҲ𤷤Ƥפʥ "Grammaticalization" ιܤΩƤƤ롥D. Gary Miller Elly van Gelderen ˤǡǽ2016ǯǽӥ塼2022ǯȤʤäƤ롥ʸ˥ˤϥ֥饤֤ɬפǤ롥ǤϡA4ǰ13ڡۤɤˤ錄Ƭʬ "Introduction" ΤߤѤƤ *
The essence of grammaticalization is the evolution of a lexical category to a grammatical one or of a hybrid/functional category to another grammatical category. The first involves changes such as that of the verb have from "possess" to the marker of the perfect tense. The second involves changes such as that of to from a preposition (a hybrid category in English) to an infinitive marker or such as that of a demonstrative (e.g., the Latin ille 'that') to a definite article (the Italian il, the Spanish el, and so on). These changes have attracted attention for hundreds of years and are very well known. More recently, additional conditions and stipulations have been placed on this leading idea, but the essence remains the same.
Oxford Bibliographies ξҲ𥷥 hellog Ȥơʲ⻲ȡ
#4631. Oxford Bibliographies ˤ̣Ѳγס ([2021-12-31-1])
#4634. Oxford Bibliographies ˤѸ˸ˡ ([2022-01-03-1]) ⻲ȡ
#4742. Oxford Bibliographies ˤѲγס ([2022-04-21-1])
ǯٻϤˡѸˤγؽΩĽκǿǤɽޤ
ؼԤˤοˡؼԤ´ȤʳΤοˡդƤޤƿδʤɤˤϡƤ仲ʸޤޤƤޤΤǡ˳ؽ³ϰŤ뼰ˤɤäƤäƤ
ѤPDFѰդޤΤǡͳۤƤƷ빽Ǥ
Ϣưʲε bibliography ε⤴Ȥ
#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
#4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
#4870. ѸξҲ ([2022-08-27-1])
αѸˡܸˡ
ջҡ إ١åѸˡ١ҤĤ˼2007ǯ
켣 رѸˡ١ҡ2000ǯ
߷ ͧ¿̱²ιꥹ --- 4ĤڤѹˤΤ١ҡ2008ǯ
߷ ͧرѸΥ롼ġ١ҡ2011ǯ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
¼ ˡؿѸ --- ԥį ---١رؽDz2006ǯ
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ.
ⶶ ѸرѸˤؤӱѸؤ --- ѸθߤȲá١ҡ2020ǯ
ס ׯҡؿѸ١罤۽Ź1988ǯ
رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.
δ졡رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ϲ ͭԡˡ λҡ ¹̾ ԡˡرѸˡ١罤۽Ź1995ǯ
رѸˤɤι١إ֥å Acta 30ҡ2019ǯ
졡رѸˡ١罤ۡ1983ǯ
αѸˡʱѸˡ
Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Blake, N. F. A History of the English Language. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.
Bradley, Henry. The Making of English. London: Macmillan, 1955.
Bragg, Melvyn. The Adventure of English. New York: Arcade, 2003.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990.
Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Fennell, Barbara A. A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.
Gelderen, Elly van. A History of the English Language. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, 2006.
Görlach, Manfred. The Linguistic History of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.
Gooden, Philip. The Story of English: How the English Language Conquered the World. London: Quercus, 2009.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Hogg, R. M. and D. Denison, eds. A History of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
Horobin, Simon. How English Became English: A Short History of a Global Language. Oxford: OUP, 2016.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.
Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.
McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. 3rd rev. ed. London: Penguin, 2003.
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
Strang, Barbara M. H. A History of English. London: Methuen, 1970.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
αѸ˴ϢΥ֥ȡ
ջҡֱѸ̡ʴʸˡסhttps://iyeiri.com/569
ʼ δ졡YouTube ʼδѸظإͥס2022ǯ226~https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCth3mYbOZ9WsYgPQa0pxhvw
ֵ (Shota Kikuchi) HPסhttps://sites.google.com/view/shotakikuchi
δ졡hellog~Ѹ˥֥ס2009ǯ51~http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog
δ졡ϢܡѸѸˤλͤס2017ǯ1~12http://www.kenkyusha.co.jp/uploads/history_of_english/series.html
δ졡Voicy Ѹθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ס2021ǯ62~https://voicy.jp/channel/1950
ߡA Gateway to Studying HELסhttps://sites.google.com/view/gatewaytohel
ڹ homepageסhttps://yadomi1989.wixsite.com/my-site-1
αѸˡѸؤλͿ
ͺ° ̭ԡˡظʸˡŵ١Ʋ1992ǯ
ջҡ δ졡ʸؤȱѸ˸١ҡ2022ǯ
ж ϺԡˡظѸؼŵ١Ʋ1973ǯ
סԡˡرѸˡ˱ѸءʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
С¾ˡرѸˡ١ ϯƣ ɧԡˡرѸϡ١8--11ˡ罤۽Ź1972--85ǯ
ãڸ ԡˡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ츻ŵ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸˡ˱Ѹ --- ʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
߷ ˧ͺ ()رѸǯɽ --- ѸˡѸػˡʸػˡ̻ ---١ҡ1993ǯ
ԡˡ˸ء١īоȸإȯŸԡ3īҽŹ2018ǯ
ϲ ͭӾ ɧ ˮɧԡˡ罤۱Ѹػŵ١罤۽Ź1983ǯ
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012.
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. The History of English. 5 vols. Berlin/Boston: Gruyter, 2017.
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan, eds. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1999.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003. 3rd ed. 2019.
Hogg, Richard M., ed. The Cambridge History of the English Language. 6 vols. Cambridge: CUP, 1992--2001.
Huddleston, Rodney and Geoffrey K. Pullum, eds. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2002.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
van Kemenade, Ans and Bettelou Los, eds. The Handbook of the History of English. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
ѸˤθԤȤơѸˤ̻ˤȤΤ1ĤγڤߤǤ⤢ĩǤ⤢롥̻ˤȤƤαѸˡפȤϤʤΤϿʸؤȱѸ˸κǽܽνˡ̻ˤȤƤαѸˡפǼ夲ƤǤ롥ȴФƤߤ褦 (193--94)
̻ˤ¿ϡѸ˸ؤƳṲ̄ޤ¿αѸ˸ԤˤȤäƤϱѸˤμɮϤεǤ⤢ꡤФиԤθȿǤ¤ŪʱĤߤǤ롥ά̻ˤμɮϡˤָи˭٤ʸԤġפȽҤ٤褦ˡѸ˸ԤνΤ褦ʻŻ1ĤǤȤäƤ褤ä1̻ͤˤ夲ˤϡʤɡ줾ʬǤθиƧޤǡ¾ʬޤѸ̤ػɬפ롥ξǤ狼䤹ԤȤˤʤΤǡλŻɬưפʤΤǤϤʤޤɮ븦Ͱͤ줾ۤʤʬǸиѤ߽ŤͤƤǤǤ뤫餳̻ˤˤϸΤ̻ˤɤϡˤ롥
ƱǤϡ1980ǯʹߤ蘆줿Ѹǽ줿ɽŪʱѸ̻ˤ¿Ҳ𤵤Ƥ롥ѸˤγؤӤλͤޤǤˡ
Ѹ˳ȤƤϡʲ hellog 뤤 Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) ⤪ᤷƤޤ
hellog #4727. Ѹ˳ν2022ǯǡˡ ([2022-04-06-1])
hellog #4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1])
heldio #140. ̡Ѹˤ (2021/10/18)
hellog #4731. رѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰 --- Ѹǽ줿Ѹ˳3Ҳ ([2022-04-10-1])
heldio #313. ྰȤ̡˼äߤαѸ˳3 (2022/04/09)
hellog #3636. ǯٽرѸΡ֤ʤפ롡ϤƤαѸˡ٤Ҳ ([2019-04-11-1])
heldio #315. ǦȤ̡Baugh and Cable αѸ˳ (2022/04/10)
hellog #4133. OED ˤѸ˳ ([2020-08-20-1])
ջҡ δ졡ʸؤȱѸ˸١ҡ2022ǯ
η˻Ϥޤä̿ΡֱѸءײƴǽλޤ뤤νֵǤ¤1֤ȤʤޤֵϢươ hellog heldio ǤѸؤδŪƳƤޤǽȤơƱѸդDzҲ𤷤ޤѸؤؤӻϤ롿³뤿λͤˤʤФȻפޤ
ʿ ҡإ١åѸس١ҤĤ˼2016ǯ
ֿ׳äƤ̤ꡤΩΩƤνŪʳȤϵդǡѸѼҲءϤޤꡤäʸˡФơؤǽäƤޤ塤Τ褦ʽɤˤʤäƤΤ⤷ޤҤϰפǤ
ʼإХ륳ߥ˥ΤαѸس١ؽDz2015ǯ
ѸˤѸ줫Ϥޤꡤ6ʲء̣ˤ³ԤǤ߹٤μҲؤʬϤʤɤƤޤϤȤ˻ʸդƤͭѤǤ
Ĺë ˡ ҡ ӻҡ ˡؤϤƤαѸءǡ١ҡ2014ǯ
դεѸνѼȤ꤫ϤޤꡤŪڤǤɸŪҤ³ʸҲȡȱѸδطˤĤƤιͻǽäƤޤѸϤǤ
졦⸫ ˡ ס ס ʡ¼ ҡˡоȡѸؤδá١ǡ2013ǯ *
Ūʴ6ΤߤŪʿ̤ǻǡؤȤƤͭѤǤоȡפȤ̤ӤξӤʤƤΤǡܸδؿѸؤäƤȤǤޤ
ůͺԡˡظīоȸإ 3īҽŹ2012ǯ
ȥ˸ؤȤΤΡоȸإ1ȤơܸιͻѸȤʤäƤޤؤϤޤäƸǽŪʾΩƤǤϤȤ˱齬ʸդƤޤѸؤγؤӤˤϡΥ¾δ⤪Ǥ
ƣ ͺ߷ رѸ١ҡ2001ǯ
ŪʽǾΩƤȤޤƤꡤ¾٤ƵҤܤǤǽϡѸӡפͭѤǤ
Crystal, David. The English Language. 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 2002.
ѽ1Ҳ𤷤ޤ300ǤۤɤDZѸؤδ6Τߤʤ餺ѸѼͷӡˤޤǤСޤѸ˴ؤȼˤǤ
ڤ¤ꤢѸؤγؤӤ
ʷ~ڡˤθϡ̿ˤơֱѸءפβƴ̤dz֤ޤ1105ʬμȤ12ȤûνֵǤȤȤǡ hellog heldio ͽֵϢưˤֱѸ祦פϤ褦ȻפޤֵνϼּԤδįʤĤġʲΤ褦ƳŪʥ˥塼ŸͽǤ֤ɤꤤޤǤʤ⡤ޤǤбѸؤؤӻϤƤϤǤ礦
1. Ѹؤ
졦⸫ ˡ ס ס ʡ¼ ҡˡоȡѸؤδá١ǡ2013ǯ *
ʼإХ륳ߥ˥ΤαѸس١ؽDz2015ǯ
ʿ ҡإ١åѸس١ҤĤ˼2016ǯ
Ĺë ˡ ҡ ӻҡ ˡؤϤƤαѸءǡ١ҡ2014ǯ
ƣ ͺ߷ رѸ١ҡ2001ǯ
¾#4727. Ѹ˳ν2022ǯǡˡ ([2022-04-06-1])
2. ĤѸءѸˤ˴ؤ륦֥
hellog~Ѹ˥֥: http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog/
Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio): https://voicy.jp/channel/1950
YouTube ְʼδѸظإͥ: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCth3mYbOZ9WsYgPQa0pxhvw
ܤΥץե (note): https://note.com/chariderryu/n/na772fcace491
3. Ѹ˴ؤѤʵ䤫ϤֱѸء
#1093. Ѹ˴ؤѤʵ罸 ([2012-04-24-1])
#1442. ʱѸ˼Ҳؤ˴ؤѤʵ罸 ([2013-04-08-1])
4. Ѹءؤ6Ĥδܹ
(phonetics)
(phonology)
(morphology)
(syntax)
̣ (semantics)
(pragmatics)
5. heldio #448. ؤ6Ĥδܹ14ʬ١ˡεå
ʬ̤줿ȤŪ˥åץǡȤĤľҲ𤷤Ƥ Oxford Bibliographies ꡤ"Syntactic Change" ιܤȤƤߤʤ٤Ƥɤˤϥ֥饤֤ɬסˡAcrisio Pires David Lightfoot ˤǡǽ2013ǯǽӥ塼2017ǯȤʤäƤʤʤȴԤˡ *
ѸˤʬǤѲ椬Ǥꡤ椬ǤãΤDZѸλŪϤ褯ʤǤ롥ػˤ֤äƤߤȡѲδ20ȾʹߤθݤȤäƤ褯ϲθ椬ήä1950--60ǯʸˡоȡ˿ȯ줿ޤޤ츦Υ֡ˤꡤѸˤʬǤؤδؿޤäƤΤǤ롥21äƤϡȤ櫓ʸˡ (grammaticalisation) ܤ졤ѲϿ̤嵭 "Syntactic Change" ιΥȥѤ롥
Linguistics began in the 19th century as a historical science, asking how languages came to be the way they are. Almost all of the work dealt with the changing pronunciation of words and "sound change" more broadly. Much attention was paid to explaining why sounds changed the way they did, and that involved developing ideas about directionality. Work on syntax was limited to compiling how different languages expressed clause types differently, notably Vergleichende Syntax der Indogermanischen Sprachen, by Berthold Delbrück. With the greatly increased attention to syntax in the latter half of the 20th century, approaches to syntactic change were enriched significantly. Most of the work on change, both generative and nongenerative, continued the 19th-century search for an inherent directionality to language change, now in the domain of syntax, but other approaches were developed seeking to understand new syntactic systems arising through the contingent conditions of language acquisition.
Oxford Bibliographies ȤƤϡ#4631. Oxford Bibliographies ˤ̣Ѳγס ([2021-12-31-1]) ȡ#4634. Oxford Bibliographies ˤѸ˸ˡ ([2022-01-03-1]) ⻲ȡ
41#4722. ǯ٤ΡֱѸ˥ȥåס״ϡ ([2022-04-01-1]) ꤷƱѸˤγؤӤ礷Ƥޤhellog λǤȤ٤ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) Ǥ⡤Ϣǯ٤ڤʤȤϰۤʤ̣ϤƤޤŪˤϱѸˡѸؤ칶̤Ԥʤ͡ʳ٤Ʊʬ̥ϤƤޤ11³Ƥ̴ˤĤơƿ֤ĤľҲ𤷤ޤ
ֻȤ̡Ĺϥɤ42ˡءˤȤΤ٤ǤޤΡĹפĤʤ̾αѸˡѸˤȤϡοȶʤȤˤޤ
khelf Ĺ֤ޤˤפˤرѸ˿ʹ٤ξҲ43ˡkhelf ȤʡˤرѸ˿ʹ1ȯԤޤԽѰĹ̳ khelf ĹΤäǤ
khelf Ĺ֤ޤˤפˤֱѸ˥ƥ50פξҲ44ˡ³ơkhelf Τ⤦1Ĥοǯ̴ֱܶѸ˥ƥ50פξҲǤ1ıѸˤ꤬夬äƤޤƱβǤ
khelf Ĺ֤ޤˤפˤűѸϻס45ˡkhelf Ĺ桦ưȼ̣ʡˤαĹǡȤʤűѸϻޤź掠ӥꡥ
ֻܻȤ̡Ѹ춵ܻؤؤαѸˤΤ46ˡܻĻرءˤȡѸ춵ȱѸˤˤĤǮޤ
ڹȤ̡饹ä1ġ47ˡڹʷܳرءȤΡѸˤӥ饹ؤ夬ޤƱؤαؤƱ Jeremy J. Smith ˻ջޤ
ָľȥȤ̡ɸѸ츸ۤˤĤƸ48ˡľȥءˤȤɸѸˤޤĤäǮ̤ǤϡѸˤηäǤ褫ȥԥåȻפäƤޤ
߷ͧȤ̡ʤѸؤδؿޤäƤΤ49ˡ߷ͧΩءˤȤΡ͵ޤ World Englishes ˤĤƤ̡ʤʤΤޤ
ྰȤ̡˼äߤαѸ˳3410ˡྰʡˤˤ븷3ξҲ𡥿ǯ٤γؤӻϤˡؤΩľǤ3ˤĤƤرѸ˿ʹٿǯٹ泰ȤƤҲ𤷤Ƥޤ
ǦȤ̡Baugh and Cable αѸ˳411ˡǦʽٲءˤؤǺǤɤޤƤѸ˳Ȥ Baugh and Cable ˤĤƾܤ⤷ƤޤδϢɤ
ְʼȤ̡YouTube Ϥ1Ⱦˤʤޤ412ˡʼʷءˤȻ䤬2ƤְʼδѸظإͥˤĤơޤ13ο֤̤Ÿ˾ޤ
Ϣ³̤Ϥäǽޤޤߤ̤ԤʤäƤȻפäƤޤɤ
41رѸ˿ʹϴȯԤޤ⿷ǯٹ泰ФޤʾСˡkhelfʷѸ˥եˤθǤྰʡˤˤ롤ꤹαѸǽ줿Ѹ˳3Υ奢ʽɾǤ#4722. ǯ٤ΡֱѸ˥ȥåס״ϡ ([2022-04-01-1]) ƤΡαѸˤγؤӻϤ礹뤿ι泰ȯԤǤ

泰ǿƤ3ϡʲΤΤǤ#4727. Ѹ˳ν2022ǯǡˡ ([2022-04-06-1]) ǤҲ𤷤Ƥ䤷γǤ
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
ܥ֥ʸϤǿǤϿ䤷夤Ȼפव Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) ˤ̤ƤޤޤྰȤ̡˼äߤαѸ˳3ǤҤİ
वȤκǯ٤ Voicy ̤Ȥơ̡Ѹˤ̡Ѹˡ߹ݱѸ2021ǯ1019ˤϢޤΤǡɤ
World Englishes ѸˤؤδؿޤäƤƤޤܥ֥Ǥ world_englishes Ϣε¿夲Ƥޤ֤äƤߤȡäˤǯ֤Ǥμ夲ˤˤʤäƤޤδؿ˸äƤȤ⡤δؿĬήˤꡤʤȤɤƤȤޤ
伫ȤΤ褦˳ؤӻϤʳˤΤǽҲ𤹤ȤΤ⤪ޤΤǤ½νƤߤޤʲΥꥹȤˤϡǯ1019̡Ѹˡ߹ݱѸꤷƸäྰᤫΤޤޤƤޤ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
Τ ءαѸץꥹ˥١륯2019ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡؼѸ졦١ұѸʸꡡ8ҡ2006ǯ
Crystal, David. English As a Global Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2003.
Filppula, Markku, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma, eds. The Oxford Handbook of World Englishes. New York: OUP, 2017.
Galloway, Nicola and Heath Rose. Introducing Global Englishes. London: Routledge, 2015.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Jenkins, Jennifer. World Englishes: A Resource Book for Students. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2009.
Mesthrie, Rajend and Rakesh M. Bhatt. World Englishes: The Study of New Linguistic Varieties. Cambridge: CUP, 2008.
Trudgill, Peter and Jean Hannah. International English: A Guide to Varieties of English around the World. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2017.
ʤΡֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) Ǥϡ־˵ܤԤǤ߷ͧΩءˤ̤Ƥޤ߷ͧȤ̡ʤѸؤδؿޤäƤΤפȤ̣ȥԥåǤ
hellog ȤƤϡ#4558. ѸˤѸ ([2021-10-19-1])#4591. Ω̿ؤǤιֱ "English" "Englishes" ءפޤ ([2021-11-21-1]) ʤɤǤ
ǯٻϤˡѸˤγؽΩĽκǿǤɽƤޤѸˤγؤӤ˳ѤƤ館ФȻפޤ
ؼԤˤοˡؼԤ´ȤʳΤοˡդƤޤƿδʤɤˤϡƤ仲ʸޤޤƤޤΤǡ˳ؽ³ϰŤ뼰ˤɤäƤȤǤޤѤPDFѰդޤΤǡͳۤƤƷ빽ǤϢơ#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1]) ⤴Ȥ
αѸˡܸˡ
ջҡ إ١åѸˡ١ҤĤ˼2007ǯ
켣 رѸˡ١ҡ2000ǯ
߷ ͧ¿̱²ιꥹ --- 4ĤڤѹˤΤ١ҡ2008ǯ
߷ ͧرѸΥ롼ġ١ҡ2011ǯ
߷ ͧαѸ줬Ǥޤǡ١˼2016ǯ
¼ ˡؿѸ --- ԥį ---١رؽDz2006ǯ
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ.
ⶶ ѸرѸˤؤӱѸؤ --- ѸθߤȲá١ҡ2020ǯ
ס ׯҡؿѸ١罤۽Ź1988ǯ
رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.
δ졡رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
δ졡رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ҡ2016ǯ
ۥӥˡ δˡإڥαѸˡ١˼2017ǯ
ϲ ͭԡˡ λҡ ¹̾ ԡˡرѸˡ١罤۽Ź1995ǯ
رѸˤɤι١إ֥å Acta 30ҡ2019ǯ
졡رѸˡ١罤ۡ1983ǯ
αѸˡʱѸˡ
Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Blake, N. F. A History of the English Language. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.
Bradley, Henry. The Making of English. London: Macmillan, 1955.
Bragg, Melvyn. The Adventure of English. New York: Arcade, 2003.
Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990.
Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Fennell, Barbara A. A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.
Gelderen, Elly van. A History of the English Language. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, 2006.
Görlach, Manfred. The Linguistic History of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.
Gooden, Philip. The Story of English: How the English Language Conquered the World. London: Quercus, 2009.
Gramley, Stephan. The History of English: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
Hogg, R. M. and D. Denison, eds. A History of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
Horobin, Simon. Does Spelling Matter? Oxford: OUP, 2013.
Horobin, Simon. How English Became English: A Short History of a Global Language. Oxford: OUP, 2016.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.
Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.
McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. 3rd rev. ed. London: Penguin, 2003.
Mugglestone, Lynda, ed. The Oxford History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
Strang, Barbara M. H. A History of English. London: Methuen, 1970.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
αѸ˴ϢΥ֥ȡ
ջҡֱѸ̡ʴʸˡסhttps://iyeiri.com/569 ʤȴ줿ʸΥꥹȡ
δ졡hellog~Ѹ˥֥ס2009ǯ51~http://user.keio.ac.jp/~rhotta/hellog/
δ졡ϢܡѸѸˤλͤס2017ǯ1~12http://www.kenkyusha.co.jp/uploads/history_of_english/series.html
ߡA Gateway to Studying HELסhttps://sites.google.com/view/gatewaytohel/
αѸˡѸؤλͿ
ͺ° ̭ԡˡظʸˡŵ١Ʋ1992ǯ
ж ϺԡˡظѸؼŵ١Ʋ1973ǯ
סԡˡرѸˡ˱ѸءʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
С¾ˡرѸˡ١ ϯƣ ɧԡˡرѸϡ١8--11ˡ罤۽Ź1972--85ǯ
ãڸ ԡˡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ츻ŵ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸˡ˱Ѹ --- ʸʸϿ١ҡ1997ǯ
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
߷ ˧ͺ ()رѸǯɽ --- ѸˡѸػˡʸػˡ̻ ---١ҡ1993ǯ
ϲ ͭӾ ɧ ˮɧԡˡ罤۱Ѹػŵ١罤۽Ź1983ǯ
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012.
Bergs, Alexander and Laurel J. Brinton, eds. The History of English. 5 vols. Berlin/Boston: Gruyter, 2017.
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan, eds. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1999.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: CUP, 1995. 2nd ed. 2003. 3rd ed. 2019.
Hogg, Richard M., ed. The Cambridge History of the English Language. 6 vols. Cambridge: CUP, 1992--2001.
Huddleston, Rodney and Geoffrey K. Pullum, eds. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: CUP, 2002.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
van Kemenade, Ans and Bettelou Los, eds. The Handbook of the History of English. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
ʬ̤줿ȤŪ˥åץǡȤĤľҲ𤷤Ƥ Oxford Bibliographies ꡤ"History of the English Language" ιܤȤƤߤʤ٤Ƥɤˤϥ֥饤֤ɬסˡ˱Ѹˤ椷Ƥ Ans van Kemenade Bettelou Los ˤǡǿι2019ǯ711ȤʤäƤ롥 *
ȥȤơѸ˸ñƤ롥19Ⱦа衤űѸѸβƥȹ˸椵Ƥ1970ǯפžȤơѲѥؤʤɡˤĤʤѸ˸οĬή
The study of the history of the English language has a long and rich tradition, starting with a range of editions of important Old and Middle English texts in the middle of the 19th century, many of which are still available as reprints from the early English Text Society . . . . The linguistic study of the history of English took off in the 20th century with a range of traditional grammars usually concerned with the phonology and morphology of Old and Middle English and a further range of detailed studies of the language of particular texts and of particular dialects areas. Since the 1970s and in the wake of the development of functionalist and formalist models of language structure, language use, and diachronic change, the various historical stages of English and the diachronic changes in the domains of phonology, morphology, syntax, and pragmatics have also become a favorite playground of historical linguists. The study of these aspects has been greatly enhanced by the recent boost of computerized corpora, including text corpora as well as corpora enriched with various types of linguistic information. The history of English in all its breadth has thus become a field of study that draws both on rich documentation and on linguistic and methodological sophistication.
ǯ˱ѸˤؤӻϤ뤤Ϥ˳ؤ³ϡѸ˳ؽΤΰŪȤơҡ#4358. Ѹ˳ν2021ǯǡˡ ([2021-04-02-1])#4557. ֱѸˤؤξԡ10ס ([2021-10-18-1]) ȤԤˤĤƤ Voicy 饸Ǥ̡ѸˤİƤߤƤߤ襤ƤȻפޤ
ʬ̤줿ȤŪ˥åץǡȤĤľҲ𤷤Ƥ Oxford Bibliographies ꡤ"Semantic-Pragmatic Change" ιܤȤʤ٤Ƥɤˤϥ֥饤֤ɬסˡʬνäȤ Elizabeth Closs Traugott ˤǡǿι2020ǯ128ȤʤäƤ롥 "Your Best Research Starts Here" ȤŪͽۤ뤫⤷ʤºݤˤŪʿʸ¿ޤޤƤ롥 *
ϤΥȥѤʬθΤޤҲ𤹤ˤȤɤ롥
Semantic change is the subfield of historical linguistics that investigates changes in sense. In 1892, the German philosopher Gottlob Frege argued that, although they refer to the same person, Jocasta and Oedipus's mother, are not equivalent because they cannot be substituted for each other in some contexts; they have different "senses" or "values." In contemporary linguistics, most researchers agree that words do not "have" meanings. Rather, words are assigned meanings by speakers and hearers in the context of use. These contexts of use are pragmatic. Therefore, semantic change cannot be understood without reference to pragmatics. It is usually assumed that language-internal pragmatic processes are universal and do not themselves change. What changes is the extent to which the processes are activated at different times, in different contexts, in different communities, and to which they shape semantic and grammatical change. Many linguists distinguish semantic change from change in "lexis" (vocabulary development, often in cultural contexts), although there is inevitably some overlap between the two. Semantic changes occur when speakers attribute new meanings to extant expressions. Changes in lexis occur when speakers add new words to the inventory, e.g., by coinage ("affluenza," a blend of affluent and influenza), or borrowing ("sushi"). Linguists also distinguish organizing principles in research. Starting with the form of a word or phrase and charting changes in the meanings of that the word or phrase is known as ???semasiology???; this is the organizing principle for most historical dictionaries. Starting with a concept and investigating which different expressions can express it is known as "onomasiology"; this is the organizing principle for thesauruses.
̣ѲλǤνȤƤϡ3ۤˡ#4544. ñΰ̣ѲỌ̇̄椷褦Ȼפäݤμóݤʲǡˡ ([2021-10-05-1]) Τǡ⻲Ȥ줿
͡ǯhellog?Ѹ˥֥Τդ礤꤬Ȥޤ褤ǯޤ
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