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romance - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2022-11-22 Tue

#4957. heldio ʲܡĤ̡ˤΤΤ餻1126ڡ˸10:00--11:00֥ʥ顼ʡإ꡼󡦥ʥȡ١ [voicy][heldio][notice][khelf][literature][romance][sggk][link]

1126ڡˤθ10:00--11:00ˡVoicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ɸۿޤΩ̿ؤܹȤ̤ȤǤϤޤ

heldio_live_20221126



Ƥϡ1125ʶˤڤȤʤDzإ꡼󡦥ʥȡȡθǤѸޥ󥹡إ󶪤ФεΡ (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) ˤĤơθΤȤʤäƤʥ顼ʤѸ쥤󥰥˾ƤĤĥǥפ˻̤ͽǤDzľȤȤǤΤǡ򸯤ĤĤ⾯ΥͥХOK!?ȤΥǹԤȻפޤʻޤѤƤʤޤޤ̤ʤΤǤˡˤΤ褦ʥȥԥå̤ϤǤФȻפäƤޤ

ʥ顼ʡإ꡼󡦥ʥȡ٤ˤĤ
Ѹ츶ŵإ󶪤ФεΡ (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) Ȥλط
ŪÿʱѸȥƥ
ŵξҲɤߤɤ
Dzإ꡼󡦥ʥȡ٤˴ؤơʥͥХա

26ڡˤ˸ơ˲Ф뤴䥳ȤʤɤСҾ嵭 Voicy ۿ̤Ƥ󤻤ޤꤲ߼ˤʤ٤бȻפäƤޤ˻äǤʤˤ⡤ī heldio 쥮顼ǼϿͻҤ򥢡Ȥưۿ⤷ޤΤǡİ褤йǤ
궵ƤDzإ꡼󡦥ʥȡ٤δϢ򡤰ʲŽդƤޤ

Dz
ܱDzα۵ Transformer
ܱDzߥĥå
A24£ե󥿥إ꡼󡦥ʥȡ١פʥ졼̳᤿ưء
ֻʿDz֥꡼󡦥ʥȡפΥ饹ܤΤ饳Ȥ

heldio ǤϡޤǤⲬ3٤̤ۤƤޤ٤˸ơʲİ褷ͽƤȡ٤ȻפޤºݡäƤϲ󤫤αĹȤʤͽǤ

heldio #173. Ω̿ءܹȤ̡ݱѸȤϲ (2021/11/20)
heldio #386. ܹȤλ̡󡦥ۥӥαѸܤˤĤƸ (2022/06/21)
heldio #478. Ѹʥ顼̵ʲܹδˡ (2022/09/21)

ˡ̤Ǥ濴ŪȤʤϤ vernacular ˤĤƤ⡤ͽƤФˤ⤷ʤȻפޤʲ hellog δϢؤΥ󥯤ĥäƤޤ

#4804. vernacular Ȥϲ ([2022-06-22-1])
#4809. OED vernacular θΤ ([2022-06-27-1])
#4812. vernacular Ф1601ǯλطʡ ([2022-06-30-1])
#4814. vernacular 򥭡ɤȤƱѸˤįʤȤ⤷ ([2022-07-02-1])
#4885. ֱѸʥ顼̵ʲܹδˡפΤΤ餻920ʲС14:50--15:50 Voicy ˡ ([2022-09-11-1])

ҸϤȴ1126ڡˤİ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-11-26-1]

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2017-08-22 Tue

#3039. Ϣ8֤ʤ֥ˡ§פѸ˾פʤΤ [grimms_law][consonant][loan_word][sound_change][phonetics][french][latin][indo-european][etymology][cognate][germanic][romance][verners_law][sgcs][link][rensai]

դǡѸϢָܴѸѸˤλ֤ͤʤ֥ˡ§פѸ˾פʤΤޤˡ§ (grimms_law) ˤĤơܥ֥Ǥ֤ⷫ夲ƤޤϢܵǤϽ鿴Ԥˤʤ٤狼䤹ˡ§βѲμ˱ѸؽΩĤ⤷ޤ
Ϣܵɤˡ#103. ˡ§Ȥϲ ([2009-08-08-1]) ӡ#102. hundred ˡ§ ([2009-08-07-1]) ɤǤȡˤʤȻפޤ
ϢܵǤϡˡ§Ρ֤ʤפˤĤƤϡ⤤ῨƤޤ󤬡ؿϲؤ˸ؤδ#650. ˥ȥˡ§ ([2011-02-06-1]) #794. ˡ§Ȼη֡ ([2011-06-30-1])#1121. Grimm's Law Ϥʤ ([2012-05-22-1]) 򤴻Ȥ
ˡ§䴰ͥˡ§ (verners_law) ˤĤƤϡ#104. hundred ͥˡ§ ([2009-08-09-1])#480. father ͥˡ§ ([2010-08-20-1])#858. Verner's Law ȻҲͭ ([2011-09-02-1]) ޤξˡ§碌ơ1ޥҲܡ (First Germanic Consonant Shift) ȸƤ֤ȤϢܵǿޤǤϡ2ޥҲܡפΤȵˤʤϡ#405. Second Germanic Consonant Shift ([2010-06-06-1]) ȡ#416. Second Germanic Consonant Shift Ϥʤä ([2010-06-17-1]) ΤɤߤѸȥɥĸλҲбˤĤƶ뤳ȤǤޤ

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2016-03-04 Fri

#2503. Ѹʸ [me][literature][chaucer][norman_conquest][romance][reestablishment_of_english][wycliffe][bible][langland][sggk][pearl][lydgate]

ѸαѸǽ񤫤줿ʸؤˤĤơȤ Baugh and Cable 110 "Middle English Literature" (149--51) ˰͵򤷡Ѹˤ˴Ϣϰ绨Ĥ˳礷
Ѹ줬ҲŪˤɤä̿ȡѸʸؤ̩ܤ˥󥯤Ƥ롥Υޥˤꡤե󥹸äήʸŪϹϡʤե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʪظäƤꡤѸǽ񤫤줿Τ˥ѥȥդǽϳ̵äѸʪԤȤϳΤǤꡤ̤Ūǽ񤯤Ȥ԰٤ԤʤäƤΤǤ롥ϡѸ줷򤵤ʤ̱̽˥ꥹȶ۶褦ȤǮ˶줿Ԥääơ1150--1250ǯѸ˱Ѹǽ񤫤줿Τϡۤܤ٤ƤŪ͡ŪʸؤǤ롥Ancrene Riwle Ormulum (c. 1200) Τ褦ʡβܤ䡤űѸͳ褹ⶵξƤľλαѸʸؤä㳰Ū Layamon's Brut (c. 1200) The Owl and the Nightingale (c. 1195) Τ褦󽡶ŪʸؤФ㳰ȸäƤ褤λϡ§Ȥ "Period of Religious Record" ȸƤ٤
100ǯ֤ϡե󥹸ФƱѸ줬򼨤ᡤѸ줬깭ʸؤȤɽ蘆褦ˤʤäƤե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʸؤʤɤơ14ˤƱѸʸؤƤŪˤϡ󽡶Ūʥޥ (romance) Ȥ뤬ѸȤΤ˾褻褦ˤʤä1250--1350ǯαѸʸؤλϡ"Period of Religious and Secular Literature" ȸƤ֤ȤǤ
14θȾޤǤˤϡ󥰥ɤˤƱѸϤܴۤ (reestablishment_of_english) ̤λѸʸػˤˤڤθ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥Canterbury Tales Troilus and Criseyde ȤäĤ Geoffrey Chaucer (1340--1400) ȤơҲŪ Piers Plowman (1362--87) 路 William LanglandʪĤ򤫤⤷ John Wycliffe (d. 1384)Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ۤ3ĤζŪŪʼ̤λĤͤ졤ޤ "Period of Great Individual Writers" ȸäƤ褤
15ϡChaucer ʤɤΰͤαƶǡѸʸػ˾塤ƤȤʤäƤꡤ"Imitative Period"뤤Ͻ Shakespeare ޤǤΤĤʤλȤ̣ "Transition Period" ʤɤȸƤФƤ롥ʸػŪˤŪ˲ᾮɾƤ餤뤬Lydgate, Hoccleve, Skelton, Hawes ʤɤηʪƤ롥åȥɤǤ⡤Henryson, Dunbar, Gawin Douglas, Lindsay ʤɤʤˤ Malory Caxton 뤬15θؤʸؤϤäȿ˰Ƥ٤Ǥ롥κǸλθءʸŪˤĤƤϡ#292. aureate diction ([2010-02-13-1]) ӡ#1719. Scotland ˤѸˡ ([2014-01-10-1]) ׻ȡ

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.

Referrer (Inside): [2016-08-05-1] [2016-03-27-1]

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2012-11-10 Sat

#1293. Sir Orfeo δϢ [link][romance][sir_orfeo][literature][auchinleck]

رμȤǡ"Breton lay" ȸƤФ른°Ѹޥ Sir Orfeo Burrow and Turville-Petre Ǥ˴Ťɤ߻Ϥ롥ӤȤơBliss, Sisam, Treharne ˤǤѡ

Bliss, A. J., ed. Sir Orfeo. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1966.
Burrow, J. A. and Thorlac Turville-Petre, eds. A Book of Middle English. 3rd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005.
Sisam, Kenneth, ed. Fourteenth Century Verse and Prose. Oxford: OUP, 1921.
Treharne, Elaine, ed. Old and Middle English c. 890--c. 1450: An Anthology. 3rd ed. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

WebǴϢ꥽õΤǡʲˤޤȤƤ

Page from the Online Database of the Middle English Verse Romances: Ѹޥ󥹤祵Ȥƶڤȴܤξ
Page from Middle English Compendium HyperBibliography: MED ƥȾ
Page from Wikipedia

Text and Manuscript from the Auchinleck Manuscript: Auchinleck ǤΥƥȤȼܲ
Text: Laskaya and Salisbury's edition (based on Auchinleck): ȥ並Auchinleck MS ˤĤƤϡ#744. Auchinleck MS ν ([2011-05-11-1]) ⻲ȡ
Text: Shuffleton's edition (based on Ashmole): ȥ
Introduction and Text: Hostetter's edition

Modern English translation in the Hannah Scot Manuscripts
Modern English translation by Hunt

Referrer (Inside): [2014-05-18-1]

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2012-09-19 Wed

#1241. Ūˤߤ Anglo-Saxon ν13 [periodisation][lexicology][french][loan_word][romance]

ѸˤλʬˤĤơperiodisation εǰäƤȤ櫓ĸűѸ줬ꡤѸ줬ϤޤäˤĤƤϡ[2012-06-12-1], [2012-06-13-1]εǽ򸫤ѸγϻˤĤƤϡεޤοȤŪʴ˵äƤ뤬ƤŪʴऱŪʴѤȡϰѤ롥ε#1240. Υޥ󡦥󥯥ȸˡΧѸִ ([2012-09-18-1]) Ǽ夲 Lutz ʸǤϡäδλʬƤƤ롥
Lutz ϡ(1) 褯ΤƤ褦˥ե󥹸äήΥԡ13ʹߤǤ[2009-08-22-1]ε#117. ե󥹼Ѹǯʬۡס[2012-08-14-1]ε#1205. Ѹ˥ե󥹼Ѹ줬ȯΤϤʤפ򻲾ȡˡ(2) ѸαѸƥȤϸűѸƥȤѤΤ¿ե󥹼ѸϤۤɸȿǤƤ餺(3) ¾ٱѸޥ󥹤νи٤줿Ȥ¤򼨤ʤ顤űѸʤ뤤 Lutz θƤ֤褦 Anglo-SaxonˤνŪʶʬǤνѸν֤ȤǤΤǤϤʤƤ롥

For the lexicon, we need a . . . bipartite periodization distinguishing Anglo-Saxon (comprising Old and Early Middle English) from English (comprising all later stages), which reflects the lexical and cultural facts. . . . During this extended period of time, several generations of inhabitants of post-Conquest England preserved their Anglo-Saxon lexicon and, more generally, seem to have looked back to their Anglo-Saxon cultural heritage when they expressed themselves in their own tongue. . . . / By contrast, the English we are familiar with is basically a creation of the late thirteenth to fifteenth centuries when the French-speaking ruling classes of England gradually switched to the language of those they governed and, in the course of that process, imported their superstratal lexicon in large quantities. (161--62)


Lutz ͤϡ̤ȤơΥޥ󡦥󥯥Ȥȥե󥹼ѸܳŪήΤˤϻȤ¤ĴƤ뤳Ȥˤʤ

Lutz, Angelika. "When did English Begin?" Sounds, Words, Texts and Change. Ed. Teresa Fanego, Belén Méndez-Naya, and Elena Seoane. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2002. 145--71.

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2012-05-06 Sun

#1105. ηƤȤƤ grey eyes (2) [romance][adjective][collocation][bnc][corpus]

ε[2012-05-05-1]˰³ grey eyes ꡥϡѸޥ󥹤 grey eyes ˤĤƹͤζɽϸˤ³Ƥ롥BNCWeb ǡ"(grey|gray) {eye/N}" ȤƸȡ287㤬ҥåȤgrey eyes ̤ηƻԤƤߤȡclear, dark, deep, pale Ū¿beautiful bright 鷺ʤ餢ä
Τ褦㤫ȽǤȡgrey Τϵ̵ͭɽ魯̣ôƤʤ褦˻פ롥⤷ôƤȤСष pale ΡΤʤפȤ˰󤻤ѱѼdzǧ¤ꡤѸ grey ΰŪʸ촶ϡܸΤȤ褯ơnegative ϷǯµͫݵŷΥ᡼äơѸ grey eyes ϡnegative ʥ˥奢󥹤ä˴ްդʤɤߤȤʤС˿ȤƤΡֳפ뤤ϡĤߤΤ֤󺮤äפɽ魯Τȹͤ롥뤤ϡgrey eyes ϡ̣ޤäɽȤѤƤˤʤȤǽ⤢뤫⤷ʤ
ȡޤޤѸŵṲ̄ȤƤ grey eyes 狼ʤ⤷MED Silverstein Ҥ٤Ƥ̤ꡤѸ grey ɽ路ΤȤСѸεΤʤ grey 180٤ΰ̣ѲФȤˤʤ롥
gradation ΤǤꡤĤʤäƤϰϤ̣ꤷ뤳Ȥϡʤʤ񤷤ѸΤߤʤ餺ܸˤƤ⡤̸Ǥ롥
ʤŵṲ̄򼨤ƤBrewer (258) ϡMatthew of Vandôme ˤ Helen of Troy ̤ʲ̤ꡤ1ĤηǤȤƤ롥

. . . her hair is golden, forehead white as paper, eyebrows black and thin. The space between the eyes (in contrast to the Greek ideal) is white and clear, a 'milky way'; the face is a shining star; the eyes are like stars. She has a little smile, a nose neither too big nor too small. Her face is rosy, her colouring white and red, like rose and snow. Teeth are like ivory, lips are small, slightly swelling, honeyed. Her mouth smells like a rose, her neck is smooth, shoulders radiant, well-spaced (dispatiati), breasts small, and figure incomparable.


ʽǤ礦ҲäƤߤ

Silverstein, Theodore, ed. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.
Brewer, D. S. "The Ideal of Feminine Beauty in Medieval Literature, Especially 'Harley Lyrics', Chaucer, and Some Elizabethans." The Modern Language Review 50 (1955): 257--69.

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2012-05-05 Sat

#1104. ηƤȤƤ grey eyes (1) [romance][adjective][sggk]

Ѹޥ󥹤ɤǤȡҥ grey eyes Ȥ̤뤳Ȥ¿̤Ǥ뤫顤grey eyes ŪˤɤΤ褦Ʒɽ路ƤΤΤꤿȻפΤ줬Ƴ񤷤Ǥ롥ȸȤŪФۤʤ뤳ȤϤˤȤƤ⡤ֳƷפȤΤʤΤ뤤ϡѸ grey ɽ魯̣Ѹ grey ȤϰۤʤäƤȤǽϤʤ
㤨СSir Gawain and the Green Knight ll. 81--84 "wheel" Ǥϡ Guenevere grey eyes ȤƤAndrew and Waldron Ǥѡˡ

Þe comlokest to discrye
Þer glent with yȝen gray;
A semloker þat euer he syȝe
Soth moȝt no mon say.


gray βϡԼԤˤäƤۤʤäƤ롥Andrew and Waldron ϥå꡼ "(of eyes) blue-grey" ȤƤꡤĤߤäפȲᤷƤ롥Gollancz, Barron, Tolkien and Gordon ϡѸ grey ƱǤȤƤꡤĤߡפѶŪӽƤ櫓ǤϤʤŪˤϡֳפȤߤʤƤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥grey eyes ϳƷؤȤľʲϡOED Ǥ3ˤ "Having a grey iris" ȤƺѤƤ롥
MED Ǥ grei (adj. & n.) Ǥϡۤʤ᤬Ƥ롥 2 (b) ǡ"of eyes: bright, gleaming (of indeterminate color)" Ȥꡤ礤ǤϤʤ굱ͤ򵭽ҤƻȤƤ롥Ʊ Silverstein ˤäƤ⼨Ƥꡤ"With lively, sparkling eyes" ȤͿƤ롥Ѹˤϡgreye as glas (The General Prologue, l. 152 Prioress 䡤The Reeve's Tale, l. 3974 ʴ̼ηơˤ grey as crystalle stone ʤɤɽߤĤ뤷Τ褦ܡפȤ̤⹭뤳Ȥ顤Ʒο礤ΤΤϤεܤɽȤäΤ⤷ʤ
ˤ̤ˤĤƤ Brewer ܤ12ˤϡʸؾ塤ƽפȤϤƤʤäȤʹߤϡŵṲ̄νޤ³ξˡ˳׿Ūɽ줿㤨С"whiter than the swan" Τ褦ηƤѸˤϰƤȤ (Brewer 262) grey eyes ϥե󥹸ϰƤ줿 des yeux vaires ȤƤ롥 vaires ʤƻβ⡤礤ȵΤɽ路ΤǤꡤgrey eyes βɬҥȤͿƤʤ

Andrew, Malcolm and Ronald Waldron, eds. The Poems of the Pearl Manuscript. 3rd ed. Exeter: U of Exeter P, 2002.
Gollancz, Israel, ed. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. EETS os 250. 1950.
Tolkien, J. R. R. and E. V. Gordon, eds. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. 2nd ed. Rev. Norman Davis. Oxford: Clarendon, 1967.
Barron, W. R. J., ed. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1974.
Silverstein, Theodore, ed. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.
Brewer, D. S. "The Ideal of Feminine Beauty in Medieval Literature, Especially 'Harley Lyrics', Chaucer, and Some Elizabethans." The Modern Language Review 50 (1955): 257--69.

Referrer (Inside): [2012-05-06-1]

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2011-05-11 Wed

#744. Auchinleck MS ν [auchinleck][manuscript][romance][scribe][link]

The Auchinleck Manuscript (National Library of Scotland Advocates' MS. 19.2.1) ϡ󥰥ɤθءʸءܡɽʸʤɤݤ˺Ǥפʼܤ1ĤȤäƤϡμܤνŦʲϡPearsall and Cunningham Υȥ "LITERARY AND HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MANUSCRIPT" (vii--xi) ȴФƥΡȤΤǤ롥

1330--40ǯȤᤤ˺Ƥꡤ͡ʥΥƥȤ󤻽᤿ܤȤƤϡȴƺǽΤΤǤ롥
ǼƤƥȤ¿ƥƥȤθ¸ǸŤΥ󶡤Ƥ롥㳰ϡnos. 4, 7, 8, 13, 19, 29, 34, 35, 40 ΤߤǤ롥
ƥȤΤۤȤɤѸǽ񤫤Ƥ롥㳰ϡno. 20 Anglo-Norman κΤ nos. 8, 10, 36 Latin ΤߤǤ롥Auchinleck MS Ի (Jesus College, Oxford, MS. 29; British Library Cotton Caligula A.ix; Trinity College, Cambridge, MS. 323; Bodleian Library Digby 2; Bodleian Library Digby 85; British Library Harley 2253) ˤϡAnglo-Norman Latin ΥƥȤ̤˸줿
ԻμܤˤϡȤƳؼؤоݤȤƥȤޤޤƤAuchinleck MS ˤ¯ŪƤʤƥȤ¿ޤޤƤꡤפɼؤ¸ߤ⤫Ӿ夬äƤ롥
ƥȤΥ44ƥȡˡno. 21 ʳϤ٤Ʊʸǽ񤫤Ƥ롥
- saint's legends: nos. 1, 4, 5, 12
- other types of religious narrative: nos. 3, 6, 8, 9, 13, 16, 29
- religious debates: nos. 7, 34
- homiletic and monitory pieces: nos. 10, 35, 39
- poems of religious instruction: nos. 14, 15, 36
- a chronicle: no. 40
- a list of names of Norman barons: no. 21 (not in verse)
- humorous tales: nos. 27, 28
- poems of satire and complaint: nos. 20, 42, 44
- romances: nos. 2, 11, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 41, 43 (accounting for three-quarters of the bulk of MS)
ޥ󥹤26ƥȤΤ15ƥȤ¸ͣμ̤Ǥ롥
ޥ󥹤18ƥȤΤ8ƥȤ¸ͣμ̤Ǥꡤ9ƥȤ¸ǤŤ̤Ǥ롥Ĥ1ƥ (no. 19 = Floris ) Τߤ㳰
оɼؤ "popular" ȤޤǤϤʤ"the aspirant middle-class citizen, perhaps a wealthy merchant" (viii) äꤵ롥
ɥ "bookshop" ǡʣμ̻ƱȤǺ夲ȹͤ롥ƱȤϹ٤Ƥ櫓ǤϤʤ٤ȿƤ
6ͤμ̻ʲʬۤǶƱܺ˹׸Ƥ롥scribe 1 Τ72%ôƤ롥
Gatherings Item nos. Texts Scribe
1--6 1--9 Religious poems (incl. King of Tars) 1
7--10 10 Speculum Gy de Warewyke 2
11--13 Religious poems (incl. Amis) 1
11--16 14--19 Miscellaneous 3
20 Sayings of the Four Philosophers 2
21 List of names of Norman barons 4
17(?)--25 22--23 Guy of Warwick and continuation 1
24 Reinbrun 5
26--36 25 Beues of Hamtoun 5
26--29 Arthour and Merlin plus 3 fillers 1
37 30--31 Lay le freine, Roland and Vernagu 1
38--[?] 32 Otuel (and other poems?) 6
[?]--41 33--36 Kyng Alisaunder plus 3 fillers 1
42--44 37--39 Tristrem and Orfeo plus 1 filler 1
45--47 40--42 Chronicle and Horn childe plus 1 filler 1
48--[?] 43 Richard 1
52 44 The Simonie 2

פ2ͤμ̻ scribe 1 (Τ72%ô) scribe 3 (11%) θ줬14ȾΥɥɽƤ뤳ȤΤƤ롥ƱȾʹߤ˥ɥ˴Ť񤭸դɸಽƤAuchinleck MS ϤΥɥμ֤Τǽפʾڵ󶡤Ƥ ([2010-02-27-1]) scribes 2, 4, 5, 6 Ϥ줾Τ4%, 1%, 10%, 2%ôˡ
ƱԿˤĤƤϡKyng Alisaunder, Richard, The Seven Sages ƱɥԤ˵롥ƱͤˡOrfeo Lay le freine ⤪餯1ͤԤˤΤǤꡤSt Margaret St Katherine ƱͤȤ롥
μܤϤĤ Chaucer ͭƤǽȤ̣⤬ Loomis ˤäƾƤ롥

Τ褦ˡAuchinleck MS ȤΥƥȤϿԤ̥ϤƤ롥WebΥ꥽ȤƤϡʲ򻲾ȡ

The Auchinleck Manuscript : National Library of Scotland: ä˼ܤνˤĤƤϡImportance of the Auchinleck Manuscript 򻲾ȡ
Auchinleck MS Home Page: ŻҲ줿ƥ (transcription) ؤΥ󥯤ˤꡥ

ˡThe Auchinleck Manuscript : National Library of Scotland γƥƥ (eds. David Burnley and Alison Wiggins) ؤΥ󥯤ĥäƤ

  1. The Legend of Pope Gregory (ff.1r-6v)
  2. f.6Ar / f.6Av (thin stub)
  3. The King of Tars (ff.7ra-13vb)
  4. The Life of Adam and Eve (E ff.1ra-2vb; ff.14ra-16rb)
  5. Seynt Mergrete (ff.16rb-21ra)
  6. Seynt Katerine (ff.21ra-24vb)
  7. St Patrick's Purgatory (ff.25ra-31vb)
  8. þe Desputisoun Bitven þe Bodi and þe Soule (ff.31vb-35ra stub)
  9. The Harrowing of Hell (ff.?35rb-?37rb or 37va stub)
  10. The Clerk who would see the Virgin (ff.?37rb or 37va stub-38vb)
  11. Speculum Gy de Warewyke (ff.39ra-?48rb stub)
  12. Amis and Amiloun (ff.?48rb stub-?61va stub)
  13. The Life of St Mary Magdalene (ff.?61Ava stub-65vb)
  14. The Nativity and Early Life of Mary (ff.65vb-69va)
  15. On the Seven Deadly Sins (ff.70ra-72ra)
  16. The Paternoster (ff.72ra-?72rb or ?72va stub)
  17. The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin (?72rb or ?72va stub-78ra)
  18. Sir Degare (ff.78rb-?84rb stub)
  19. The Seven Sages of Rome (ff.?84rb stub-99vb)
  20. Gathering missing (c1400 lines of text)
  21. Floris and Blancheflour (ff.100ra-104vb)
  22. The Sayings of the Four Philosophers (ff.105ra-105rb)
  23. The Battle Abbey Roll (ff.105v-107r)
  24. f.107Ar / f.107Av (thin stub)
  25. Guy of Warwick (couplets) (ff.108ra-146vb)
  26. Guy of Warwick (stanzas) (ff.145vb-167rb)
  27. Reinbroun (ff.167rb-175vb)
  28. leaf missing.
  29. Sir Beues of Hamtoun (ff.176ra-201ra)
  30. Of Arthour & of Merlin (ff.201rb-256vb)
  31. þe Wenche þat Loved þe King (ff.256vb-256A thin stub)
  32. A Peniworþ of Witt (ff.256A stub-259rb)
  33. How Our Lady's Sauter was First Found (ff.259rb-260vb)
  34. Lay le Freine (ff.261ra-262A thin stub)
  35. Roland and Vernagu (ff.?262va stub-267vb)
  36. Otuel a Knight (ff.268ra-277vb)
  37. Many leaves lost, but some recovered as fragments.
  38. Kyng Alisaunder (L f.1ra-vb; S A.15 f.1ra-2vb; L f.2ra-vb; ff.278-9)
  39. The Thrush and the Nightingale (ff.279va-vb)
  40. The Sayings of St Bernard (f.280ra)
  41. Dauid þe King (ff.280rb-280vb)
  42. Sir Tristrem (ff.281ra-299A thin stub)
  43. Sir Orfeo (ff.299A stub-303ra)
  44. The Four Foes of Mankind (f.303rb-303vb)
  45. The Anonymous Short English Metrical Chronicle (ff.304ra-317rb)
  46. Horn Childe & Maiden Rimnild (ff.317va-323vb)
  47. leaf missing.
  48. Alphabetical Praise of Women (ff.324ra-325vb)
  49. King Richard (f.326; E f.3ra-vb; S R.4 f.1ra-2vb; E f.4ra-vb; f.327)
  50. Many leaves lost.
  51. þe Simonie (ff.328r-334v)

Pearsall, Derek and I. C. Cunningham, eds. The Auchinleck Manuscript: National Library of Scotland Advocates' MS. 19.2.1. London: Scholar P, 1979.

Referrer (Inside): [2014-05-18-1] [2012-11-10-1]

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2011-02-28 Mon

#672. ¤ŪˤߤѸޥ [literature][romance][formula]

[2011-02-26-1], [2011-02-27-1]εǻȤ Wittig ϡѸޥ󥹤 formula ǽŪñ̤Ȥư֤ŤԤǤ롥Wittig εˤϹ¤λǻȿǤƤꡤä˼2ˤƸ롥
1Ĥϡformula "a kind of mental template, in the mind of the poet, a pattern-making device which generates a series of derivative forms" (Wittig 29) ȤߤʤƤǤ롥ιͤˤȡformula Ȥط ( syntagm ) ɽ魯ַפΤȤǤꡤط ( paradigm ) ˤزǽʸ緲1ĤήǤ椯ȤˤäƤɽ¸Ȥ롥㤨 al thus in boke as as we rede ȤޤʸϡʲΡַפγƥåȤŬʸ򤷤ƤϤƤä̤Ǥȹͤ롥

Romance Formula: Syntagm and Paradigm

⤦1Ĥƹ¤ŪʤΤϡ嵭Τ褦٥η "syntagmeme" ̾դƥޥ󥹤ι¤ʤǾñ̤Ȱ֤ŤȤǡָزǽ椫פȤͤ礭ñ̤ؤȳĥƤ椯Ǥ롥㤨Сޥ󥹤ˤϡּ͸λפȤ̤롥ξ̤ΤϡְԤˤ뻦δߡסоסŨĩסŨȤ襤סֻפȤϢνǤꡤ줾νñ̤ "motifeme" ȸƤФ롥 motifeme ˤ͡ variation ѰդƤꡤޤ motifeme ֤ν֤ϷޤäƤ롥ήफΤ褦˾̤Ƥ椯ˡּ͸λפȤ̤켫Τ礭ʹñ "type-scene" Ȥʤꡤּ͸פȤ⤦1Ĥ type-scene ȹ蘆äơ礭ʹñ "type-episode" Ȥʤ롥εϤñ̤ˤƤָزǽ椫פȤƱ츶§ŬѤƤꡤñ̤Ѥ߽ŤͤˤǽŪʪ줬Ȥ̣ǡƹ¤ŪʹͤȤ롥
Wittig ϡ"Dame," he said Τ褦ñ formula ʬϤϤᡤ礭ñ̤ؤʬϤؤѤ߾夲Ƥ椭ȤѸޥ󥹤˶̤2Ф type-episode Ϣͤߤ᤿"love-marriage" Ϣ "separation-restoration" ϢǤ롥Wittig (177) ϡѸޥ󥹤ηϤ2ФϢȤ߹蘆äƤȤȤǤȸڤ롥
Ѹޥ󥹤Ǥϡlove marriage δ֤ɬȼseparation ˤ륢ǥƥƥӼˤ restoration ʤβˤˤտ魯롥2ФϢѸޥ󥹤μפ "generating forces" Ǥꡤع¤顤򷿤ʪĤġɽع¤򻺽ФƤ椯ưϤʤΤǤ롥
ǸˡWittig ε speculation ؤȵڤ֡Ѹޥ󥹤İδؿκ love-marriage separation-restoration äȲꤹȡϤʤʤΤ1ĤȤơlove-marriage ħϲ² separation-restoration ħ˷ϲ²Ȥͻ¤礭ʴؿäǤϤʤ
formula θŪʬϤ󥰥ɤβ²ѤؤŸ Wittig εɤǡ¤ȤΤϡʤ1ĤθȤ߹碌礭ʵꤢ뤳ȤʤΤȳؤ

Wittig, Susan. Stylistic and Narrative Structures in the Middle English Romances. Austin and London: U of Texas P, 1978.

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2011-02-27 Sun

#671. Ѹޥ󥹤ˤ formula εǽ [literature][romance][auchinleck][formula]

ε[2011-02-26-1]ǡѸޥ󥹤θˤ formula 礭ʳѤƤ뤫򸫤ޥ󥹤 formula ¿ѤطʤˤϡĤƤƤ롥1Ĥϡͭ̾ The Auchinleck Manuscript Υޥ󥹷˴Ϣä˸Ƥ뤳Ȥǡɥμ꤬ܡפ뤿ˡformula 򵡳Ū¿ѤȤ "a theory of bookshop composition and extensive textual borrowing" Ǥ (Wittig 13) ⤦1Ĥϡޥ󥹤ϡͷͤƬİȤտޤǺ줿ΤǤꡤθ̤ȰžΤ˷֤¿ʤΤϼȤ "the oral-transmission theory" Ǥ (Wittig 14)
Wittig Ͼ2ĤǤϤʤȼĥ롥ޥ󥹤󥰥ɤİ˼Τϡʬ꤭äʪζڤͽ¬ǽ formula ٤ʹ뤳Ȥˤꡤʪ줬Ҳθǧǧ¿뤳ȤǤǤϤʤޥ󥹤θʹϤȤ˼ҲФ뿮괶äƤꡤޥ󥹤Ƥ뤳Ȥˤäơݼ餹뤳Ȥ˻դɽƤΤǤϤʤäơҲѳפХޥ󥹤Ȥ뼫ΤƤ뤫ह뤳Ȥˤʤ롥ޥ󥹤θϡʹΥ󥹤θ "a language of stance" (Wittig 46) Ǥ롥Wittig Τμĥ󤵤줿

If the language does not serve to carry information, what then is its primary function? In addition to carrying a minimal amount of narrative information, the language carries at least one other level of social meaning as well. That is, it carries the additional messages which are encoded within the semiology of social gestures, the language of social ritual: leave-takings, greetings, meals and banquets, marriages and knightings and tournaments. Each one of the highly ritualized events to which the formulas themselves refer is also a kind of formulaic language, a complex system of significations which is as thoroughly understood and articulated in its own culture as that culture's natural language and which is indeed a language even though it may not be a verbal one. In the romances the language of the verse refers much of the time to this second-order system, and its message-bearing function is then doubled. The language of these narratives functions not only as a medium of narrative, but as a powerful social force which supports, reinforces, and perpetuates the social beliefs and customs held by the culture, perhaps long past their normal time of decline. (Wittig 45)


ǿ줿 The Auckinleck Manuscript ˤĤƤϰʲΥȤͭѤǤ롥

The Auchinleck Manuscript : National Library of Scotland
Auchinleck MS Home Page

Wittig, Susan. Stylistic and Narrative Structures in the Middle English Romances. Austin and London: U of Texas P, 1978.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-02-28-1]

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2011-02-26 Sat

#670. Ѹޥ󥹤ˤ formula γ [literature][romance][statistics][formula]

ޥ󥹤θ礭ħ1Ĥˡformula ¿Ѥ롥stock phrase Ȥַޤʸ硤פؤformula ˤϡɽꤷƶΤ顤äΥ٥ǤηŬ礷ƤФ褤Ȥ빭ΤޤǤ뤬¿ formula Milman Parry μȯƤ롥

A formula is "a group of words which is regularly employed under the same metrical conditions to express a given essential idea." (qtd in Wittig, p. 15 as from "Studies in the Epic Technique of Oral Verse-Making. I: Homer and Homeric Style." Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 41 (1930). page 80.)


formula ζ󤲤Ф꤬ʤ"'Dame,' he said", "that hendi knight", "feyre and free" ʤɤûΤ顤"He was a bolde man and a stowt", "And he were neuer so blythe of mode", "For to make the lady glade / That was bothe gentyll and small" ʤɤĹΤޤ͡Ǥ롥Wittig ˤСѸαʸޥ25ʤ Parry ξ̩ formula ޤԤȴФȤʲΤ褦ʷ̤줿

POEMLENGTHVERSE TYPEFORMULA RATE
Lai le freine340 linescouplet10%
Sir Landeval500couplet11
Sir Launfal1044tail-rhyme16
King Horn1644couplet18
Sir Degare1076couplet21
Havelok2822couplet21
Sir Isumbras804tail-rhyme22
Sir Amadace864tail-rhyme22
Sir Perceval2288tail-rhyme22
Horn Child1138tail-rhyme24
Roswall and Lillian885couplet25
Ocatvian (southern)1962tail-rhyme25
Sir Triamour1719tail-rhyme25
Earl of Toulous1224tail-rhyme26
Ywain and Gawayn4032couplet27
Sir Eglamour1377tail-rhyme29
Squyr of Lowe Degre1131couplet30
Lebeaus Desconus2131tail-rhyme30
Sir Torrent2669tail-rhyme31
Bevis of Hampton4332couplet34
Eger and Grime1474couplet35
Sir Degrevant1920tail-rhyme38
Octavian (northern)1731tail-rhyme39
Floris and Blancheflur1083couplet41
Emare1030tail-rhyme42


ʿѤȤȡƥƥȤԿ26.56% formula ޤǤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥couplet ǤʿѤ24.82%tail-rhyme Ǥ27.93%纹ϤʤޤƥȤĹ formula Ԥγˤ϶ؤϤʤWittig θǤϡArthurTroyAlexander Τʤɤ "cycle" ϴޤޤƤʤȥƥȤꤷ̩ˤޤޤ줿夲ʤΤǡˤ˿ͤ夬ϤȤ
ޥ󥹤ΥƥȤ1/4 formula äƤȤȡİˤȤäƼˤɤΤ褦ʸ뤫ͽ¬ǽȤȤˤʤ롥ޤޥ󥹤ʪȤƤζڤ⤪褽ޤäƤΤǡİˤȤäơֿפ뵡˾ʤȹͤ롥ǤϡΤ褦ʥޥ󥹤ήԤΤϤʤİϥޥ󥹤˲ԤƤΤ

Wittig, Susan. Stylistic and Narrative Structures in the Middle English Romances. Austin and London: U of Texas P, 1978.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-02-28-1] [2011-02-27-1]

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2011-02-15 Tue

#659. Ѹ Romaunce ΰ̣ѲȥȤƤȯŸ [literature][romance][semantic_change]

[2010-11-06-1]ε romance Ȥθ츻 romance ȤʸإȯȤδط򸫤ȤƤ romance 12ȾΥե󥹤˻ϤޤꡤʸؤǤ13ˤʤäƤ褦䤯줿ե󥹤Ǥ⥤ꥹǤ romansromaunce ϡȤĹˤĤ졤¿ŪˤʤäƤäդˤиȯŸλ򸫤뤳ȤǡȤƤɤΤ褦ȯŸƤäʬȤȤǤ롥
ޤե󥹤ǤϤɤΤ褦ª줿[2010-11-06-1]εǸȤꡤromans ʸ̤ˤϡ֥ޥ󥹸פ򸶵ȤŪˤϥƥФ ( vernacular language ) ȤƤθťե󥹸 ( Old French ) ؤե󥹤ν񤭼ꤿϡStatius Thebaid, Virgil Aeneid, Benoît de Sainte-Maure ΥȥWace Υ֥ƥˤʤɡ˥ƥ줿ʪ ( romans d'antiquité ) 򡤥ƥ򤵤ʤ͡ˤǤ褦 romans Υե󥹸ˤǽľ顤romans ϡ֥ե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʪפ̣褦ˤʤäν romans ν񤭼ꤿϡ˥ȤƤΥޥ󥹤ȷӤĤħä˰տޤƤ櫓ǤϤʤäоʪο̯Ի׵ĤʽȤä˸Ƥ򼨤ƤΤϳΤǤ롥romans θħäʪμؤ褦ˤʤΤ12νꡤޥ󥹤ΥΤڤ곫 Chrétien de Troyes դ꤫ȹͤ롥ˡȻδ⡤Τ chançon ǤϤʤʪȤơ𷮻 laisse ǤϤʤ8 ( octosyllabic ) Ȥơromans ȼӤӤƤ褦ˤʤ롥ơե󥹸 romans ϡ֥ե󥹸ס֥ե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʪסŪˤħäʪסַŪˤħäʪפؤỌ̇̄ȯŸʸإɽ魯̸ƾΤȤƽ夷Ƥä
̣ѲѸȡָפ֤θǽ񤫤줿Ρפؤδ ( metonymy ) ȡ֤θǽ񤫤줿ΡפŪˤħäʪפؤΰ̣ü첽 ( specialisation ) Ƥ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥
ˡꥹˤ romaunce θȯŸϤɤäե󥹤 romans ʤϡAnglo-Norman ȤΤ̤᤯饤ꥹˤ⤿餵ƤѸȤΤ˾褻Τ13⽪꺢ΤȤǤ롥ۤܤ٤Ƥե󥹸줫ǤäΤǡѸ romaunce ϡ֥ե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʪפ򹭤ؤ̣Ȥƽȯ֤򤪤ˡθǤϤʤܤ뿷ʸθ줬ѸǤäƤ⡤ʪ˾ƤʪϹ romaunce ȸƤФ褦ˤʤäʪοݤˡФиŪʵӿ俧ղä줿ⶵʸؤϤ夲 romaunce ¯ŪʤΤȤ񤷤̣Ȥˡⶵʸؤ romaunce Ωδ romaunce ȤʸؤħŤ뤳ȤˤʤäΤǤ롥ʤƸˤˤޥʸؤ¯Ūʿ͵ͤȡʤȤǤ롥ơѸ romaunce ϡ֥ե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ʪס֤ʪ˾ƤʪסŪˤħäʪפؤȸȯŸƤäǤ⡤̣ü첽 ( specialisation ) Ƥ롥

Strohm, Paul. "The Origin and Meaning of Middle English Romaunce." Genre 10.1 (1977): 1--28.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-06-16-1]

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2010-11-06 Sat

#558. Romance [literature][romance][etymology]

ܸǡ֥ޥ󥹡פȤäưŪ۵ΤʪʸؤΥȤƤΥޥ󥹤ϡ͡ȯŸ뤲ʤ鸽ˤޤǶƶϤڤܤƤ롥ǡӸؤʬǡ֥ޥ󥹡פȤСɥ衼åѸ²Υåɤμפʽޤޥ󥹸ɤΤȤؤŪˤϡƥȤե󥹸졤ڥ졤ݥȥ졤ꥢ졤ץХ󥹸졤ȡޥ󥷥졤롼ޥ˥졤˥ʤɤΤǤ롥Ǥϡ֥ޥ󥹡פΤ2ĤθϴϢƤΤ
Yes ϢƤ롥Ѹ romance ϸťե󥹸 romanz μѸǡԤ¯ƥ *Rōmānicē ֥ޥ󥹸ǡס˥ƥ Rōmānicus ֥ޤΡפ̤Ȥ롥ťե󥹸ǤϡθϥƥФƥƥ줫ȯãǤե󥹸ؤɽȤѤ줿Υե󥹸 ( = Romance ) ǽ񤫤줿ʸؤϵƻۡĶȤˤ䤫ʤޤȤޤ򼨤Ƥꡤʸإȯã뤳Ȥˤʤäơ֥ޥ󥹡פϡƥ줫ؤȤȤˡƱˤǽ񤫤줿äʸؤؤȤˤʤä
ʸإȤƤΥޥ󥹤12ȾФ˥ե󥹤ޤ줿ѸäƤΤ1ʾ٤ƤΤȤǤ롥٤ϡΥޥˤäƥ󥰥ɤˤѸμҲŪϰ̤񤭸դȤƤαѸ줬Ƥ褹ޤǤˤФ餯֤äȤˤ롥󥰥ɤǤϱѸ˥ƥ졤ե󥹸졤󥰥Υޥˤޥ󥹺ʤޤƤꡤˤȯκʤȤDZѸΥޥ󥹤о줷Ƥ13Ⱦ15ˤƱѸΥޥ󥹺ʤ蘆뤳ȤȤʤäޥ󥹤ήԤ϶äƿह롥ޥ󥹤ϥȤѤ뤳ȤϤʤ̮ȸߤˤޤǼѤƤ롥18ˤϥåޥ󥹤Ȥ̤20ʹߤ J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis, J. K. Rowling ʤɤκʤɽե󥿥Ǥϥޥ󥹤η򸽺ߤƤ롥
ޥ󥹤񤷤Ūɽ䵳ƻۤȤäǶǤäʤνΤȤߤ뤳ȤϤǤ뤬ζŪʸϹϰȤȤ˼¤¿ˤ錄롥¿ޥ󥹿͵©ĹƤ褦˻פ롥Chism (57) ޥ󥹤ˤĤƤ Cooper θڤҲ𤷤Ƥ롥

Helen Cooper suggests that romance is best conceived as a family, branching and evolving in different directions, rather than as manifestations or "clones of a single Platonic idea," and this family metaphor is useful because it stresses the genre's existence in time.


ޥ󥹤ϡȤƾ˿ʲդŸƤ餳ĶɼԤ椭ĤΤ

Chism, Christine. "Romance." Chapter 4 of The Cambridge Companion to Medieval English Literature 1100-1500. Ed. Larry Scanlon. Cambridge: CUP, 2009. 57--69.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-04-27-1] [2011-02-15-1]

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