hellogѸ˥֥     ChangeLog ǿ     ƥǿ     ڡ 1 2 3 4 5 6 / page 6 (6)

dialect - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2011-09-13 Tue

#869. Wright's English Dialect Dictionary [dialect][lexicography][lmode][edd][dictionary]

εEDD Online ([2011-09-12-1]) EDD Online Ҳ𤷤ޤ English Dialect Dictionary ΤΤˤĤΤäƤʤлȤʤʤȤΤȤ˵Ťǡˤ狼Ĵ٤
Joseph Wright (1855--1930) ϡOxford ؤ Max Müller θǤȤӸؤ򶵤ٳؤǤ롥ɥĤ Heidelberg ؤˤƥꥷ첻θιѹäϥޥӸؤűѸ졤Ѹʸŵ¿ɮɥӸؤο򤤤᤯ѹӤ礭ɾƤ롥
Wright αѸؤˤι׸ϡSkeat Furnivall Խ졤λꤸƴ EDD ǤȤäƴְ㤤ʤ65400Ǥˤ10θФ50ʸޤޤ졤OED 䴰Ѹ켭ȤߤʤȤǤ롥Wright Ȥ Preface (v) ǽҤ٤Ƥ "the largest and most comprehensive Dialect Dictionary ever published in any country" ϡߤǤѤ⤤EDD ϿƤΤϡդεҤˤ "COMPLETE VOCABULARY OF ALL DIALECT WORDS STILL IN USE, OR KNOWN TO HAVE BEEN IN USE DURING THE LAST TWO HUNDRED YEARS" Ǥ롥ȤƤ϶Ѹ򤹤äݤʤäƤ롥
Markus Wright's English Dialect Dictionary computerised: towards a new source of information ˤȡEDD β͡ƥǥ벽줿 EDD Online ΰյϡ3Ĥʬع׸ǤǽƤˤȤ3ʬȤϡhistorical dialectology, historical spoken English, historical linguistics (esp. lexicology) Ǥ롥ѸˤǤϼŪȤƤʬͳϸԤδؿηǡȤϡ椹뤿ƻΩƤѰդƤʤäȤƶƤȻפ롥ƻǽˤʤäȤäɬ⤽ʬ夬ȤȤǤϤʤʤȤ⤳ޤǰʾ®٤Ǥʬθ椬ʤƤ椯ȤˤϤʤ³ĿͤȤƤѤǤ륷ͤƤ椭
ʤߤˡEDD ʸˡפ English Dialect Grammar (1905) ȤƴԤƤꡤWright ʬǤ벻ȷ֤ѲƤꡤͤ⤤

ãڸ ԡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
Wright, Joseph. The English Dialect Grammar. Oxford: OUP, 1905. Repr. 1968.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2011-09-12 Mon

#868. EDD Online [dialect][web_service][corpus][lmode][lexicography][edd][dictionary]

޽ۤ reference corner ˡŤᤫˤμ񤬤ΤƤʬǤϤޤȤȤϤʤʤȻפäƤǯʸ˴Ϣ eyes ʡܡפʣˤбѸνѸ丽ѸǤɤΤ褦ȯãʬۤѲƤĴ٤ɬפꡤΤȤˤμ򳫤ΤƤä褦˻פʤ̤ Hotta (2005) ˤꡥ[2009-12-02-1]εeyes ɽ172ֻ̤פ⻲ȡˡJoseph Wright ˤ6Τμ The English Dialect Dictionary (EDD) Ǥ롥
ʹߤ⤿ޤ˳Ϥääزǡμ񤬥饤󲽤줿Τäפ֤ EDD ˿ɤȻפ®Ƥߤ뤳ȤˤInnsbruck ؤ Prof. Manfred Markus ǤԤ̳ SPEED (Spoken English in Early Dialects) ץȤ̤ EDD Online beta-version Ǥ롥ǤϴǤǤϤʤȤĤĤ⡤Ǥ˸εǽ˭٤˼Ƥ˭٤ƳѻڤʤۤɡˡؽѸѤ˻ѵĤ̵ǥǤ롥ѥޥ˥奢⻲ȡ
®ѵĤƥƤߤĴ٤बʤˤȤäƤϡڤ˿ǭ˾ȽᤷʡФ측 eye Ƥߤꤷơʢǰʡˡʤ"structured view" ɽȡǤꤺäȸ䤹ΤǤǤͭѡˡMarkus ᤬زǤƤ̤ꡤ͡ʸǽΤ褦Ǥ롥Ф측ʸϤΤȡdialect area ǤϸˤäƤ county ٥ϰǤ롥usage label Ǥ٥٥롤̣٥denotation, simile, synonym ʤɡˡѥ٥derogatory, slang ʤɡˤξ꤬ǽǤ롥etymology εǽäƤ롥Ȥ߹碌Сϰθ줫μѸäδطʤɤƤ뤫⤷ʤˡͤäƤϡޤ EDD ɤΤ褦ʼ񤫡EDD Online ɤΤ褦ʵǽƤΤؤФʤС
EDD ΤΤˤĤƤϡVARIENG (Research Unit for Variation, Contacts and Change in English) ˷ǺܤƤ롤Markus ˤ Wright's English Dialect Dictionary computerised: towards a new source of information 褯ޤȤޤäƤ롥

ʸ嵭2022/10/21(Fri)EDD SPEED ؤΥ󥯤ڤƤΤȯEDD Ͽɤ

Hotta, Ryuichi. "A Historical Study on 'eyes' in English from a Panchronic Point of View." Studies in Medieval English Language and Literature 20 (2005): 75--100.
Wright, Joseph, ed. The English Dialect Dictionary. 6 vols. Henry Frowde, 1898--1905.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2011-06-29 Wed

#793. she --- 奤󥰥ˤ۷ʬ [personal_pronoun][dialect][map][she]

ε[2011-06-28-1]˰³ she ꡥϸŤѸˤ she ֤͡ˤäȤҤ٤ѸǤĴ٤3;νñ̾ΰ۷ʣ¸ߤ롥ʲϿޤϡ20ȾФλǤΥ󥰥ɤˤ she ΰ۷ʬۤǤ Upton and Widdowson, p. 80 Ͽޤ˴Ťƺˡ

Map of Variants of

Ѹ West Midlands ǤϡűѸ West-Saxon hēo б֤Ȥ ha ho ԤʤƤԤƬ /h/ æޤǷѾΤϿ޾Фɽ路 oo Ȥ֤Ǥ롥ŪˤϤäȤŤ֤ȤäƤ褤
ʬۤ er her /h/ æ֤ǡher ΤϽͭʷŪʷȤɸѸǤ⤪ʤߤǤ롥Ǥ er ʤȤ she ѤƤ뤳Ȥդ٤Ǥ롥ۤ˼гʷʷ֤ȤƤϡ[2011-06-17-1], [2009-10-24-1], [2009-10-25-1]ʤɤεǸ褦ˡyou ŵǤ롥гʤä you ʤ ye ֤ߡyou ϼʤŪʤ̤ǤʤФ꤫̤ǤʤѤ­Ƥ롥

Upton, Clive and J. D. A. Widdowson. An Atlas of English Dialects. 2nd ed. Abingdon: Routledge, 2006.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-12-09 Thu

#591. ꥫѸ줬ͤǤͳ [ame][dialect][pidgin]

[2010-07-28-1]εǥꥫѸʬҲ𤷤Ȥ˿줿AmE ˤϤΤ BrE ٤Ʊäȹ⤤ͳ͡ҲŪҲŪװˤ롥ͳˤϰʲΤ褦ʤΤ롥

(1) ͡ιΰưܽˤǤ뤳ȡˤꡤ경ϰѼ郎ˤʤ롥Ҳش֤ mobility Ʊͤ˳餫Ǥꡤ경ҲѼ⸽ˤ
(2) θŪʸŪŪطʤä͡ˤ깽Ǥ뤳ȡ줯餤Ρ֤ĤܡפȤʤȡߥ˥ݤ뤿ΤƱŪˤʤ餶򤨤ʤ
(3) ͡δ֤˶̤ιŪƱΰռȡ[2010-01-07-1]εǿ줿褦ˡǤ Hispanic ϤĹʤɤ˴ϢƹθŪ¿夷ƤƤ뤬ŪˤϤ national identity ݤıѸ礭
(4) Ūʸѡ[2009-11-24-1]εϤȤ spelling_pronunciation γƵ spelling pronunciation 򰷤äϤȤ櫓 AmE ˸Ȥ롥ιϤޤŪǤϤ뤬Ф AmE ħȤΤϻ¤Ǥ롥

4ϸߤ˴ϢƤꡤ¾ˤϢװ󤲤뤳ȤǤ뤫⤷ʤװ줹ͳФС̱ diverse and mobile Ǥ뤳ȤŪͳʤΤǤϤʤ츫 diversity and mobility linguistic homogeneity ̷⤹뤬줬ߥ˥ƻǤȤ1ˤꡤ̷⤬ä롥षdiverse and mobile 餳ŪݤʤФʤʤȤˤʤ롥
ΤȤϡԥθη֤ǰΤʤȯȤǽͤǤ롥ƿͤθŪطʤ礷ƤСߤߴäʿŪʸФȹפʤ¿ƱȤΤϰ츫̷⤷Ƥ褦ǡ¤̷⤷Ƥʤ

Bryson, Bill. Mother Tongue: The Story of the English Language. London: Penguin, 1990. 162.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-11-18 Thu

#570. bury 첻ʬ [dialect][me_dialect][standardisation]

[2010-11-10-1]εǡűѸ y ѸǤȯãˤ³[2010-11-11-1]εǤϡmerry ( OE myrig ) 夲ʣ Chaucer αѸ˺ߤƤ뤳Ȥ򸫤Ǽ褦ˡ礭ʬ3˶̤ƤѸΤɤȯֻɸѸȤ夹뤳Ȥˤʤ뤫ϥäȹͤ롥
٤ηϤĤळȤǤ롥(1) <i> /ɪ/(2) <u> /y/(3) <e> /ɛ/ 3Τʤǡ(1) Ǥ¿ɸǼ bridge ( OE brycg ), kiss ( OE cyssan ), kin ( OE cynn ), lust ( OE lystan ), sin ( OE synn ) (2) 첻ϸѲƤ뤬blush ( OE blyscan ), church ( OE cyrce ), much ( mycel; for mickle see [2010-11-12-1] ) ʤɤκפĤƤ롥Ǥ⾯ʤΤ (3) Υפǡknell ( OE cnyllan ), merry ( OE myrig ) ʤɤɸȤäƤ롥
ơޤǤϸɸȤƺѤ줿֤ȤäʤƤˤη֤ϤɤʤäƤΤ󥰥ɤνϡѸʹߡߤ˻ޤ¸ߤ³Ƥ롥㤨СѸͳ褹 /ɛ/ ¸Ƥ븽ɸ bury ϡǤϤɤΤ褦ȯƤΤ
ʤȤˡUpton and Widdowson Map 1 ˤ buried 1첻ʬۤ޼ƤʸѸȤϤäƤ20ȾФλǤʬۤǤ뤳Ȥաˡˤȡ󥰥ɤǤ /ɛ/ ԤʤƤ뤬CambridgeshireǤ /ʌ/ ȯԤʤƤ뤳Ȥʬ롥ޤDurham Ǥ㳰Ū /a/ ȯ⤢롥
ɸȯ /ɛ/ εǤ Kent ޤǡ/ɛ/ Ǥʤ /ʌ/ ԤʤƤȤΤ϶äǤ롥ɸȤʤ٤򤫤Ĥ󶡤Ƥʤ顤ɸŪȯѤ褦ˤʤäΤ̯<u> ֻ /ʌ/ бƤΤ顤ष§ŪȤ⤤롥
ʤϡɸѸη֡פˤߤ­ƤޤȤ¿θȡäȤ⤷ʤʣʡˤλ¤ФƤΤʤȼ´

Upton, Clive and J. D. A. Widdowson. An Atlas of English Dialects. 2nd ed. Abingdon: Routledge, 2006.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-10-08 Fri

#529. ɸѼ2;ʣ̾ [personal_pronoun][ame][dialect][t/v_distinction]

;̾ηϤˤĤƤϡűѸ ([2009-10-24-1])Ѹ (Chaucer) ([2009-10-25-1])Ѹ ([2009-11-09-1]) ǶɽǤƤ2;̾˾ƤȡűѸǤ þū ֤ʤסñˤ ȝē ֤ʤסʣˤ־塤˶̤ƤѸǤƱͤ thou / ye ñʣζ̤ĤƤξ [2009-10-11-1], [2009-10-29-1]ǿ줿褦 T/V distinction ʿƾΤȷɾΡˤζ̤ʤ֤ꡤŪʣʻȤʬ褷ѸʹߤϿζ̤ζ̤쵤˲ä졤ɸǤ you ͣ2;̾ȤʤäʤΤؤʤΤ褯ʬʤߤǤñʣζ̤ɾΡƾΤζ̤Ĥʤ you ݤǤ롥
ɸѸ˸¤ääǤ롥ɸѼθСѸǤ⵬§Ūñʣζ̤Ĥ褦̾ηϤȯãƤ롥[2010-03-05-1], [2010-03-06-1]Ǹڤ褦ˡñ you Фʣν֤ѤѤѼ郎롥ʲΤ褦ʷ֤ǧƤ롥

yous(e): many parts of North America (esp. New York City and Boston), Ireland, parts of Britain (e.g. Liverpool, Glasgow), Australia, New Zealand
you-uns: upper Southern USA (western Pennsylvania and the Appalachians)
you-all, y'all: Southern US
you guys, youse guys: in a spoken variety (newer innovations than the other dialectal forms)
you folks, you people: in a more formal variety

American Heritage Dictionary of the English Dictionary Υդλ򥳥ѥȤˤޤȤƤƤ롥

Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2003. 210.
Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. 168--69.
߷ ⡡رѸˡ١ҡӡ2008ǯ. 125ǡ

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-07-29 Thu

#458. ꥫѸʬ Baugh and Cable ǡ [ame][dialect][map]

ε[2010-07-28-1]˰³ꥫѸʬˤĤơ Kurath ζʬϹΤƤ뤬Baugh and Cable θŵŪѸ˽ΤʤǺѤƤʬƶϤȻפΤǥΡȤƤ
Baugh and Cable ϡꥫ̤礭4ĤʬʬˡѤƤ롥夫 Upper North, Lower North, Upper South, Lower South Ǥ롥˲äơUpper North ü Eastern New England ̤ȤߤʤΤ˽ʬäǤꡤƱ New York City (NYC) ̰Ȥ碌6Ĥ̤뤳Ȥˤʤ롥ʲϿޤϡBaugh and Calbe (377) Ȥ˺

Map of the American Dialects by Kurath

6줾ħ Baugh and Cable (379--91) ˤޤȤޤäƤΤǤǤϾά뤬[2010-07-24-1], [2010-06-07-1]ˤ postvocalic r ̵ͭcot caught 첻Ω̵ͭfast 첻βʤɤʬθȤʤäƤ롥

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 5th ed. London: Routledge, 2002.

Referrer (Inside): [2012-02-21-1]

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-07-28 Wed

#457. ꥫѸʬ Kurath ǡ [ame][dialect][map]

ꥫѸθħΰĤˡŪƱ롥ꥫιѤ3̤ǡꥹ40ܡܤ26ܤȼ¤˹γˤϾǤ롥ͳʣŪǤꡤˤȡꥹθϤޤ줿͡ʱѸѼκǤ뤳ȡ¿¿ͤʰ̱θȤκǤ뤳ȡɸ餹뷹ŪʸѤʤɤ󤲤
ꥹѸʤɤ٤ŪƱŪȤȤǤꡤꥫѸˤ¸ߤ롥ǤؤʥꥫѸʬϡthe New England dialect, the Southern dialect, General American ȻʬˡǤ롥General American ϡ¾ĤǤʤȤ绨ĤǡŪʥ᡼ΥꥫѸ˺Ǥᤤ
绨ĤʶʬϥꥫؤȯŸȤȤ˽ִƤꥫؤܳŪʸϡߥؤ Hans Kurath λشץ The Linguistic Atlas of the United States and Canada Ȥ1931ǯ˻Ϥ줿1939ǯ New England1973--76ǯ the Upper Midwest1986--92ǯ the Gulf States ϿޤǤ졤Ϣ븦ϸߤ³Ǥ롥
ΰϢθΤʤǡ1949ǯ Kurath Ǥ A Word Geography of the Eastern United States ϸߤǤפϰ̤Ƥ롥Kurath ϸäʬۤ˴ŤƥꥫѸޤ18ξʬ Northern, Midland, Southern 3ĤˤޤȤ᤿ʲϡCrystal (245) ϿޤȤ˺ Kurath ʬϿޤǤ롥

Map of the American Dialects by Kurath

ꥫζʬˡˤ͡ذƤ󵯤ƤꡤߤǤ䤨ʤ Kurath ζʬˡϴܤȤƲƤꥫѸʬˤĤƤϡBaugh and Cable (376ff) 褯ޤȤޤäƤ롥

Crystal, David. The English Language. 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 2002.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 5th ed. London: Routledge, 2002.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-07-24 Sat

#453. ꥫѸνˤ r [dialect][rhotic][ame][phonetics]

ε[2010-07-23-1]˰³postvocalic r[2010-06-07-1]Ǹ褦ŵŪʥꥫѸǤ postvocalic r ȯ뤬󥰥ɤξƱͤˡꥫǤŵæ¸ߤ롥 (33) ˤȡꥫѸ rhotic ʬۤϰʲΤ褦ˤʤ롥

Rhotic Areas in US

ѤǤȥ󥰥ɤ non-rhotic Ψճ㤫äΤФꥫ rhotic Ψ⤤äƤ뻲ʸϤǤ˸ŤȤȤȤƤꥫѸüԤ 2/3 3/4 ۤɤ rhotic ǤȤ⤢롥New England New York CityᥭѴˤƤϰ褬ꥫǤϥޥʡ non-rhotic ϰǤȤȤΤäƤȤϱѸŪˤϽפǤ롥ȤΤϡ non-rhotic ϰϡǤ non-rhotic Ƥ뤤 non-rhotic ĤĤä󥰥ΰ̱濴Ȥʤäƿ̱ϰǤ롥ǡ rhotic ϰϡ General American ȸƤФƤȤ褽פŪˤ rhotic Ǥäѹϰ褫ΰ̱ˤäƼ˳󤵤ƤϰǤ롥ꥹǤ r ʬۤȰ̱ˤͤ碌ȡꥫǤ r ʬۤϹKrapp ( Vol. 2, 228 ) ϡƤ r ʬۤ礬ǤϤʤŪʷѾ ( inheritance ) ˴ŤƤ뤳ȤοƤ ( see [2009-12-21-1], [2009-12-23-1] )

. . . one must be assured that the weakening of [r] in America was really an older dialectal phenomenon, a trait of speech which did not develop on American soil in the eighteenth century, but one which went back, as a common inheritance of both British and American speech, to an early colonial custom in America.


äȤ⡤[2010-06-07-1]Ǹ Labov θ椬̤ꡤߤǤŪʥꥫ non-rhotic ϰǤ r ʹ褦ˤʤäƤƤ褦

ȡرѸIIIB١Ѹ10罤۽Ź1985ǯ
Krapp, George Philip. English Language in America. 2 vols. New York: Century, 1925.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-07-23 Fri

#452. 󥰥ɱѸνˤ r [dialect][rhotic][bre][phonetics][lexical_diffusion][map]

[2010-06-07-1]ε New York City r ˤĤƿ줿ϥ󥰥ɤˤ r 夲롥ŵŪ˥ꥹѸǤϡarm far ʤ첻 r ( postvocalic r ) ȯʤ ( non-rhotic ) Ȥ롥ϥꥹѸ̤ƤϤޤ櫓ǤϤʤåȥɤ䥢ɤǤ r ʹ뤷¤ϥ󥰥ɤǤ rhotic ϰΤۤѤȤƤϹʲϡarm ȤŪʬۤ򼨤󥰥ɤϿޤǤ ( Trudgill, pp. 25--28 )

Rhotic Areas in England

ɥȤ˸äƤ non-rhotic ϰ褬äƤ뤬䥹åȥɤ˶ᤤμդǤ rhotic ȯʹ롥Ͽ޾ (r) ǼƤ뾮Ǥϡñ rhotic non-rhotic ۤʤϰǤ롥
ȤȤϥ󥰥ɤǤ⤹٤Ƥϰ r ȯƤֻ <r> ĤäƤ뤳Ȥ⤽Τ褦˹ͤΤǤ롥Ȥ250ǯۤˡɥն r æȤѲΥɥնȯͤγ׿ؤȾ˹ꡤϤθä˥褦˳礷ƤäŤϺݼŪζܤˤ֤Ĥ뤳ȤǸ®ٻߤߤʬۤ˻äƤ롥ϰ r ĤäƤ뤳ȡޤˤä r ȯ̵ͭۤʤϰ褬뤳ȤϡŤȤŪˤŪˤ쵤Ÿ櫓ǤϤʤ˿ƩƤäȤ򼨺롥󥰥ɱѸˤ r æϸóȻ ( lexical diffusion ) ΰȸäƤ
ɥɸ।ꥹѸ줬 non-rhotic Ǥ뤫֥ꥹѸᥤ󥰥ɱѸnon-rhoticפȤ򿮤Ƥޤ줬ΤǤ뤳Ȥ狼षѤǤߤ¤ꡤꥹѸ줢뤤ϥ󥰥ɱѸϤɤ餫Ȥ rhotic ǤȤ¤⤫Ӿ夬äƤ롥

Trudgill, Peter. The Dialects of England. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-05-21 Fri

#389. Angles, Saxons, and Jutes θϤȰܽ [jute][history][germanic][popular_passage][dialect][kyng_alisaunder][map][anglo-saxon]

Ѹˤϡ449ǯ̥ɥĤǥޡʬۤƤ󥰥 ( Angles ) ( Saxons )塼ȿ ( Jutes ) λ̱²ޥɤȤƥ֥ƥϤäƤȤ˻Ϥޤ ( see [2009-06-04-1] )Ȥβ Vortigern ̱²षƤ뤳ȤԤΦͦԤʥޥͤ򾷤󤻤ȤȤطʤˤ롥ǯŪ449ǯȸΤϡűѸγؼ Bede ˤ The Ecclesiastical History of the English People Ȥ˽ˤεҤ뤫Ǥ롥εҤϸ The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ˤѤ졤֥ƥˤѸޤ᤿ Anglo-Saxon ϻϤˤޤĤäȤơߤ˻ޤǹڤƤThe Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ϹܤɽǤ The Peterborough Chronicle 449ǯεҤ顤ͭ̾ʰűѸǰѤ褦ѸȤȤˡIrvine (35) ȴФΤǤ롥

Ða comon þa men of þrim megðum Germanie: of Aldseaxum, of Anglum, of Iotum. Of Iotum comon Cantwara 7 Wihtwara, þet is seo megð þe nu eardaþ on Wiht, 7 þet cyn on Westsexum þe man nu git hæt Iutnacynn. Of Ealdseaxum coman Eastseaxa 7 Suðsexa 7 Westsexa. Of Angle comon, se a syððan stod westig betwix Iutum 7 Seaxum, Eastangla, Middelangla, Mearca and ealla Norþhymbra.


PDE translation: Those people came from three nations of Germany: from the Old Saxons, from the Angles, and from the Jutes. From the Jutes came the inhabitants of Kent and the Wihtwara, that is, the race which now dwells in the Isle of Wight, and that race in Wessex which is still called the race of the Jutes. From the Old Saxons came the East Saxons, the South Saxons, and the West Saxons. From the land of the Angles, which has lain waste between the Jutes and the Saxons ever since, came the East Anglians, the Middle Anglians, the Mercians, and all of the Northumbrians.


ΰ˴ŤƷƤܽ ( migration myth ) ϡĤλ¤ʤƤΤդɬפǤ롥449ǯϰܽξħǯȤ򤹤٤ǡºݤˤϤ饲ޥ̱²Φ֥ƥ˰ܽ򳫻ϤƤפ롥ޤ449ǯ˰٤˰ܽä櫓ǤϤʤ56ˤʳŪ˰ܽ꽻֤줿ȤȤ⤢롥¾ˤϡ󥰥͡͡塼ȿͤλ̱²¾˥ե󥯿 ( Franks ) ⤳ΰܽ˲ääƤȤ롥ƱͤˡߤǤϵ뤵ƤϤ뤬եꥸ ( Frisians ) κߤƤܽξܺ٤ˤĤƤϡޤʤȤ¿褦Ǥ ( Hoad 27 )
ΰˤ⤢Ȥꡤ׻̱²ΦΤ줾θϤ֥ƥΤ褽ϤؤȰܽ绨Ĥ˸С塼ȿͤ Kent the Isle of Wightͤϥ󥰥ء󥰥ͤϥ󥰥ذܽ꽻ʲάϿ޻ȡˡűѸϱѸ줬֥ƥäƤʬΤǤϤʤΦˤǤʬƤ̱²ͳ褹ȹͤ롥

Homeland of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes

ޥ̱²Τʤǡä Jutes β̤ˤĤƤ[2009-05-31-1]򻲾ȡޤΰˤĤƤϡ饤󤫤űѸѸǻȤǤ롥

Irvin, Susan. "Beginnings and Transitions: Old English." The Oxford History of English. Ed. Lynda Mugglestone. Oxford: OUP, 2006. 32--60.
Hoad, Terry. "Preliminaries: Before English." The Oxford History of English. Ed. Lynda Mugglestone. Oxford: OUP, 2006. 7--31.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2010-03-26 Fri

#333. 󥰥Ĥ thou [personal_pronoun][dialect]

;ñ̾ thou ˤĤƤϡΥ֥Ǥⲿ٤˼ꤢ([2010-02-12-1], [2009-10-29-1], [2009-10-11-1])ɸѸǤʤɤθ¤줿 register ĤäƤˤʤϰѼθȡ󥰥ʤɤӤƤ뤳Ȥǧ롥̾֤ <tha>ȯ /ðə/ ǡͽ̤ѸοƶᴶΤ줿;ñ̾ȤѤƤȤ
ϡ衼㡼ȯɽǤ (Svartvik and Leech 55)

Don't thou thou me, thou thou them as thous thee.


thou ϡ;οƾ̾ȤƤˡΤۤ;οƾ̾ thou ǸƤӤפȤưˡꡤǤ "Please don't use thou in addressing me; use thou to address people who use thou in addressing you." ۤɤΰ̣ˤʤ롥

Svartvik, Jan and Geoffrey Leech. English: One Tongue, Many Voices. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2009-09-04 Fri

#130. Ѹʬ [me_dialect][dialect][standardisation][map][isogloss]

ߤθؤǤϡ̻ŪʸˤŪʸˤŻ뤵Ƥ롥Ȥ櫓Ѹ˴ؤƤ椬Ǥ롥θΰĤȤơΥ֥Ǥⲿ٤Ҳ𤷤ƤѸϿ LAEME 饤Ǹɽ줿Ȥ󤲤롥
Ȥ櫓Ѹ츦椬ؤ褤Τˤͳ롥űѸ丽ѸǤϡɸʤΤ¸ߤ롥Ǥ ɸѼ ( standard variety ) ȸƤǤȤˤ褦űѸǤϽ񤭸դ˸ꤹ West-Saxon ɸѼǤäѸǤϱѹ˸ꤹ BBC English Estuary English ʤɤɸѼȤ롥Τ褦˼ҲŪ˹ǧ줿ɸѼ郎¸ߤȡǤʤѼäϡɸफæѼѼȤƤȤ館뤳Ȥ¿äΤ褦ʽĬǤϡϰήǤȤΥƥ쥪פȤ뤳Ȥ񤷤ä
ȤѸˤϤ⤽ɸѼȸƤФΤʤΤѸˤϽ񤭸ɸ˨꤬褦ˤʤ뤬Ω줿ɸѼϡѸ̤ƤۤܤʤäȤäƤ褤кѡʸ濴ϤɥäƤդǤ顤̻뤵褦ѼǤϤʤޤǡ֥ɥפǤääơѸˤɸѼʤС֤μҲŪʾ岼ʤޤ˳ɴ˺餭줿Ȥ롥
ɴѸŪ˶ʬߤϸŤʤƤ뤬ɤʸħ˶ʬ뤫ˤäƽ⤢롥˷ǤΤϡߡŪҤƤʬǤ롥

ME Dialect Map

ʬϡ褽ܤʷˤ ( isogloss ) ˤ뤬ŪǤ롥ޤä West Midland East Midland ʬʤɤϡºݤˤϤۤΤǤϤʤʤۣǤäϿ޾ζʬϤޤܰ¤ޤǤˡ

Laing, Margaret and Roger Lass, eds. A Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English, 1150--1325. http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laeme1/laeme1.html . Online. Edinburgh: U of Edinburgh, 2007.

[ | ѥڡ ]

Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow