Voicy heldio ˤӤᤰءˤȤ̲ۿƤޤ#936. Dz World Englishes 褤 --- ӤᤰȤ̡ꤷơDzѤ World Englishes αѸ춵顦춵ȤơޤǤäƤޤԤ10ʬۤɤǤҤİ
NetFlix YouTube ʤɤۿDzɥޤ̤ơ͡ʱѸѼ郎ȶʹ褦ˤʤäƤޤΤ褦ʻϡѸؽä˥ꥹ˥ˤζȤƤΩޤϤθѸǤŤǤϤܤؤαѸʼҲ˸ؤμȤǡѶŪ˱Dz World Englishes ƳƤȤΤȤǤơԤκǸǤϡο䤷֡ѸʱDzˡפǤ뤳Ȥ餫ˤޤο䤷αѸѼϲǤ礦
ξȤ̤2ƤǤơ1Ƥ1212#925. ԤȸWorld Englishes ١ʾƲ2023ǯ --- ӤᤰȤδڹαѸᤰ̡ȤۿƤޤ⺣ƤȴϢΤǡҤİСޤϢ hellog #5345. ִڹαѸ --- ԡˡWorld Englishes ١ʾƲ2023ǯˤ10ϡ ([2023-12-15-1]) 碌Ƥɤ

ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ
2023ǯ heldio ο䤷ۿפɼ2023ǯ1225ʷˤ1231 23:59 ޤɼʡˤƼդƤޤʤ뤤ϰʲQRɤɤˡҳΥޥ٥10ǤйǤ

嵭̤ꡤ2023ǯ heldio ο䤷ۿפΥꥹʡɼ糢ޤǥץƤޤǯθۿ #580 1224ۿ #937 ޤǤη358оݤˤ110ޤǤͤǤ
hellog ɼԤ heldio ꥹʡγˤȤäƤϡ褬¿Ӥˤ⤷ޤ٤ƤۿİƤ櫓ǤʤȻפޤ10֤ޤǡǤȤȤǤΤǡɼϥޥ٥1ޥ٥3ʤɤˤȤɤƤƤ⤫ޤޤͤޤǤ Voicy Υʥƥˤ뺣ǯΥĤƤޤΤǡȤ
#5353. 2023ǯ heldio ۿΥ --- ꥹʡԡ ([2023-12-23-1])
#5354. 2023ǯ heldio ۿΥ --- ȿԡ ([2023-12-24-1])
#5355. 2023ǯ heldio ǤϤۿܤޤ --- ꥹʡȤͿԡ ([2023-12-25-1])
˵ϤޤǡֵҴŪʿͤ˴ŤץǤȤ̤ˡꥹʡγγơδؿפ졤ĥܤ⤢뤫ȻפޤΤǡդ꤬ȿǤ줿ꥹʡˤ2023ǯ heldio ο䤷ۿץǤȤ⤷ʤȴԤƤޤ
碌ưʲξɼλͤˤʤ뤫⤷ޤΤǵƤޤ
#5101. 2023ǯ1--3 heldio ([2023-04-15-1])
note ǤΥ
ꥹʡ umisio ˤ note Ǥο֤국
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡1Ⱦ1--3ԡ
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡2Ⱦ4--6ˡ7ޤǥ֥ꥢ
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡3Ⱦ8--9ˡ7˴ޤ
ꥹʡ kitako ˤ Instagram Ǥ heldio ۿҲʥƥʤƤޤ
ޤ1225ʷˤˤɼƤӤ#938. 2023ǯ heldio ο䤷ۿɼۿƤޤҤİ
伫ȤɼޤɼԤƤޤ

Ʊνпʷʸʸ칶ˤοإԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯˤĤơhellog Ǥ#5316. Shakespeare κʰʼɮǯ --- пˡإԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯˤ ([2023-11-16-1]) #5323. Shakespeare μʷ --- пˡإԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯˤ ([2023-11-23-1]) Ǽ夲Ƥޤ
ΤӿᤰäưȤ Voicy heldio Ǥ̤¸ޤΤǡΤ餻ޤ#934. إԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯ --- ԤΰпȤ̡33ʬۤɤμܡˤǤҤİ
̤ΤʤǤϡ
(1) ܽνǤ伹ɮ
(2) Ϣ heldio ۿ#898. пΤξҲ --- إԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯˡǥꥹʡƤ礭䤤֤ʤԥǤۤͽФȤȤΤƤΤפؤβ
(3) إϥåȡ٤ˤ conscience ʸŪ
ʤɤޤȤ櫓 (3) ɬİǤʸỤ̣̄äƤФȻפޤ
ˤϡޤǤ Shakespeare αѸˤĤƱѸ˾嶽̣ФƤꡤ㤨 hellog Ǥ#4309. shall we ȤƤ shall's (= shall us) ([2021-02-12-1]) ʤɤǿƤޤ̤Ǥ⤤ʤФƤޤåʷϵʤƬɷ㤵³ڤ̤Ǥޤꤤޤ
إԥ줬١罤ۡ2023ǯ
ѸʸؤȤθŪյõ椷ƤܹΩ̿ءˤ1ۤ NewsPicks ˤRPGΤΤˡꤹ붽̣ȥԥåƤϤƤޤȥԥåˤȡ
աС
RPG DzʤɤǤ錄ƤळθդεΤʪˤ뤳ȤɤΤƤޤΤ褦ʸŪʥƥˡñʤեȤդ褦ʤΤǤϤʤʸѸʸκˤΤǤΥȥԥåǤϡŪ˰Ƥ̾Dz衤ʪǤߤθդ顤ΤδŪܤ̣襤ޤ礦
Ȥޤ®ɤߤʤ¿ΤǤϤʤǤ礦3ܤεƤޤ
1. ΰ۹θ --- RPGι̮2023ǯ1114
2. ˡȰŹ --- إΡȥꥬ٤ˤߤΤ2023ǯ1128
3. ©Ť --- ֤ꤷҤϤӤŤ2023ǯ1212
ɼԤĤ뵭ǤȤ櫓2ĤΡإΡȥꥬ٤˴ؤ뵭˰Ĥޤ

εθȾǡפȤϲȤ꤬夲Ƥޤǡ medieval Ȥñ¿ܤޤ
Ȥñˤΰ֤ؤǤޤ긵μǡΡפ̣Ѹηƻ "medieval" Ĵ٤ƤߤȡʬμˡָŽסֵ켰ΡפȤäΰ̣ФƤޤŪʼߤƤߤȡ̵ΡסֻĹסڡפȤäͥƥ֤ʸ¤Ӥޤ"get medieval" Ȥե졼ˤƤϡˤʤפǤϤʤ˽ŪˤʤפȤ̣ޤΤ餵ޤʰ̣ˤФ뤳ȤǤ礦֥饷åפ֥ Ȥä줫Ϣۤ륤θФʤǤ
1219 Voicy heldio #932. get medieval ˽Ϥ뤦--- ܹ NewsPicks ȥԥåꤹۿޤۿ5ץˤϡʤȲܿͤб餵ƤޤΤɬİǤƱˤϡץߥꥹʡۿֱͥѸˤء (helwa) ΤۤǤ³ԤȤ֡ڱѸˤ #69get medieval ³ۿޤʤˤϲϽб餵ƤޤΤǤաˡmedieval ȤñȤμդˤĤƤϡäȤĴ٤ƤߤȻפäƤޤ
ơˤϤޤǤ heldio hellog ǤˤäˤʤäƤޤʲ˥ĥäƤޤΤǡҾĤƤС
ڡheldio ̲
heldio #173. Ω̿ءܹȤ̡ݱѸȤϲ (2021/11/20)
heldio #386. ܹȤλ̡ۥӥαѸܤˤĤƸ (2022/06/21)
heldio #478. Ѹʥ顼̵ʲܹδˡ (2022/09/21)
heldio #544. ܹȡإʥȡ٤Ȥθθᤰä̤ޤ
heldio #545. ʥ顼ʡإʥȡ(ܡĤ) (2022/11/27)
heldio #932. get medieval ˽Ϥ뤦--- ܹ NewsPicks ȥԥå (2023/12/19)
ڡhellog Ϣ
#4962. ܹȡإʥȡ٤Ȥθθᤰä̤ޤ ([2022-11-27-1])
#4600. egges or eyrenʤ egges եȴ㤤ΤǤ礦 ([2021-11-30-1])
#4591. Ω̿ؤǤιֱ "English" "Englishes" ءפޤ ([2021-11-21-1])
Ρ#5353. 2023ǯ heldio ۿΥ --- ꥹʡԡ ([2023-12-23-1])ӺΡ#5354. 2023ǯ heldio ۿΥ --- ȿԡ ([2023-12-24-1]) ³2023ǯ heldio ۿ֤ޤ (1) ֿꥹʡפ¿ۿȡ(2) ֤͡פ¿ۿ˴Ť2ĤΥꥹȤޤΥǤ̤ۿϰΥꥹʡ˴ŤɽȽŤʤΤ¿ΤǡƸԥɽ˴ޤޤʤΤӡ10鷺Ĥޤ
İǤʤ⤷ʲСǯǯϤˤ֤ΤȤˤİ
(1) ֿꥹʡפο˴Ťۿ
1. #866. פ1 hot water 2 --- ϲ̣롩 (2023/10/14)
2. #828. رѸ츻ŵ١ʸҡ1997ǯˤäƥ --- ҲļǤ (1) (2023/09/06)
3. #819. űѸ̾ with Ͻؤ (2023/08/28)
4. #680. ʤܿ͡פ Japanian ʤɤǤϤʤ Japanese ʤΡ --- ڵȤ̡ (2023/04/11)
5. #654. Ȥ tax ߤ task ޤ --- Ƥ2 (2023/03/16)
6. #650. Ѹˤηä AI 餱ʤ3Ĥͳ (2023/03/12)
7. #614. ī롼ΩƼư --- routine ä (2023/02/04)
8. #604. ʤѶǤϴ줬άΡ --- for example from hand to mouth ʤɡ (2023/01/25)
9. #590. ܤϸ¿ؿ㤤 (2023/01/11)
10. #589. come of age ͤס (2023/01/10)
(2) ֤͡פο˴Ťۿ
1. #756. "the title of the book" "the book's title" with 礵 --- khelf κŵ10ơ (2023/06/26)
2. #647. η̾Ǥߤ RE: äƲǤ (2023/03/09)
3. #662. ĸθζᤰ֥ (2023/03/24)
4. #809. ָ첽פȤɽήԤäƤ褦Ǥ (2023/08/18)
5. #876. ߹ɼϿ (7) --- ¤ (2023/10/24)
6. #585. 饤ʿͤ饤ʸؤӻϤƤäƤɤȡ --- Ȥȸʣʴط (2023/01/06)
7. #637. ʤ֥ꥫפǤϤʤΡ (2023/02/27)
8. #875. رѸ츻ŵ٤ɤॷ (1) --- ƣ foot (2023/10/23)
9. #584. 桼θ (2023/01/05)
10. #631. Ƕ褯ʹ generative äƲ --- 츻õ (2023/02/21)
ε ([2023-12-23-1]) ˰³2023ǯ heldio ۿΥޤΤϡƤȿ˴ŤѤäɽǤǯ heldio Υ夬ꡤꥹʡߥ˥ƥȤ٤ΤˤǤäƤǯǤ夬äİƤߤȤ褦ۿ⤢ä⤷ޤ
ۿ⤷äɤ̤Ȥơꥹʡγ¿ΥȤƤΤˤͳꤽǤ㤨Хȥåפ˵#821. ˥å͡ --- 93 19:00--20:00 Τ˥ꥹʡγؤθƤӤˤ112ΥȤդޤϸΤˡ֥˥å͡פȤƥꥹʡγ˥ƤƤӤǤ2̤#800. ֱѸϡʻˤȤäơˡǤפ罸ޤ --- ˤ˸ꥹʡ÷ո罸ۿǤΤ̲ۤ⥳Ȥ褯ޤ뷹褦Ǥ
ΥɽȤޤŤʤ꤬ʤ饤ʥåפȤʤäƤޤǯˤơҤĤİƤߤƤ
1. #821. ˥å͡ --- 93 19:00--20:00 Τ˥ꥹʡγؤθƤӤ (2023/08/30)
2. #800. ֱѸϡʻˤȤäơˡǤפ罸ޤ --- ˤ˸ꥹʡ÷ (2023/08/09)
3. #637. ʤ֥ꥫפǤϤʤΡ (2023/02/27)
4. #771. ָϡΤ褦 --- ǰեᤰꥹʡ÷Τ (2023/07/11)
5. #872. Ѥʥե٥åɽȻפäƤޤ --- khelf (2023/10/20)
6. #650. Ѹˤηä AI 餱ʤ3Ĥͳ (2023/03/12)
7. #704. ʤܸˤϵ졦ָ줬¿Τ --- ĤޤˤꤵƣȲħв (2023/05/05)
8. #773. ϽؤȤοΩ夲ʤ뤫 (2023/07/13)
9. #686. ѸˤμϡѸѸȤΩĤΤ (2023/04/17)
10. #672. եå˱Ѹˡfresh hel (2023/04/03)
11. #794. Ʊ֤ñФ̸ФΩƤ뤫ɤ (2023/08/03)
12. #702. ͡ߥȤϡ --- ¤ƣ蘆ޤˤȤ̡ (2023/05/03)
13. #809. ָ첽פȤɽήԤäƤ褦Ǥ (2023/08/18)
14. #690. ʤ leave βʬ줬 left ʤΡ (2023/04/21)
15. #836. ؤ֤ϤƤθűѸ --- Part 3 with Ͻؤ and ޤˤ (2023/09/14)
16. #646. ~ơפֻ̣ save (2023/03/08)
17. #667. ¤Ȥ --- ɸؤȤϲ (2023/03/29)
18. #883. ԤȸWorld Englishes ١ʾƲ2023ǯ --- ¼ȤΥꥫʥѸᤰ̡ (2023/10/31)
19. #635. ѸܸζäƲޤ--- ޤˤڤ2ơ (2023/02/25)
20. #919. ꥹʡγˤǤǤ --- heldio İϤäϲǤ (2023/12/06)
21. #669. Ѹ˥ with ޤˤ (2023/03/31)
22. #670. Ѹ˥ with ޤˤ³ԡˡ (2023/04/01)
23. #882. ߹ɼϿ (8) --- ݡαѸ (2023/10/30)
24. #633. Ф䤤ΩƤ (2023/02/23)
25. #678. 47ˡֱѸ˴ؤѤʵ䡡ܥΥåפ heldio ǤϤޤ (2023/04/09)
26. #829. ؤ֤ϤƤθűѸ --- Part 2 with Ͻؤ and ޤˤ (2023/09/07)
27. #654. Ȥ tax ߤ task ޤ --- Ƥ2 (2023/03/16)
28. #656. ߤˤΤܤѸˡ (2023/03/18)
29. #885. 狼狼 --- khelf ƣȻ߷Ȥλ̡ (2023/11/02)
30. #903. "potato kid" Υԥ --- إڥαѸˡ٤ξҲ (2023/11/20)
ܥ֥λǡǤȤ٤ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)Ǥϡǯ111223ޤǡī6˱ѸˤǤϤƤޤۿ #580 ۿ #935 ޤǤη3562023ǯʬۿȤߤʤƥɽۿΥꥹȤƤޤơ轵桤ǯޤǤ1֤ǡꥹʡγ hellog ɤߤγˡ2023ǯ heldio ο䤷ۿפƤ餦ɼԤʤȻפޤդ礤ꤤޤʲΤ٤ƤۿΰꥢǤޤ
ʲ˷ǤϡVoicy Υʥƥ줿ۿİ褷ֹץꥹʡ˴Ť٥30ΥɽǤǯϿ͵ YouTube/Podcast ֤ͥإ饸˽б餵ƤȤ⤢ꡤ餫 heldio إꥹʡήꡤ̤Ȥơ֤إ饸״Ϣ¿İƤޤλ𤬥̤ȿǤƤ褦ǤΤۤ khelfʷѸ˥ե˥СȤ̲ khelf ˤʤɤˤܤޤޤѤʵϤۿĴǤ
ҤΥɽͤˡǯˤİƨƤƶ̣ʤɤİйǤ
1. #705. إ饸ˤƽб餹뤳Ȥˡ (2023/05/06)
2. #729. ʤѸؤФʤФʤʤΡ --- ΤαѸˡ (2023/05/30)
3. #595. heah/hih/high --- ֤إ饸פӽФ̻Ūѥ (2023/01/16)
4. #698. ե٥åȤˤƤ --- ߷Ȥ̡ (2023/04/29)
5. #822. ؤ֤ϤƤθűѸ --- Part 1 with Ͻؤ and ޤˤ (2023/08/31)
6. #689. ظ¡ --- إ饸ӽФܡ (2023/04/20)
7. #711. ʤ be going to ̤̣Ρ --- khelf Ȥ̡ (2023/05/12)
8. #621. ʤ new something ǤϤʤ something new ʤΡ (2023/02/11)
9. #779. ֤إ饸פ evident (evidence) ˤĤƿʤä --- ʬʤΤ˼Ȥΰ̣ˤʤäƤ륾 (2023/07/19)
10. #628. űѸñϤɤ줯餤Ѹ˼ѤƤΡ (2023/02/18)
11. #625. Turkey --- ȥ륳ȼĻδط (2023/02/15)
12. #784. ʤʹԷ be + -ing ʤΤǤ --- ꥹʡѤʵ (2023/07/24)
13. #725. ʤ̿ʸˤϼ줬ʤΡ (2023/05/26)
14. #707. ʤ doubt ˤȯʤΤ <b> äƤǤ --- ߷Ȥ̡ (2023/05/08)
15. #735. űѸ첻 --- ޥּޤͤζáפá (2023/06/05)
16. #606. ѸΥڥϴǤ (2023/01/27)
17. #715. ȸ첾 (2023/05/16)
18. #602. ʤξ⤯Τ on feet ǤϤʤ on foot ʤΡ (2023/01/23)
19. #709. ʤƱñ¿Υڥ¸ߤΤ --- ֤إ饸б2Ȥʤä515̤ through β (2023/05/10)
20. #872. Ѥʥե٥åɽȻפäƤޤ --- khelf (2023/10/20)
21. #688. ʤˤ to ȸ2बΡ (2023/04/19)
22. #684. ѸˤǤߤԵ§ưλȤ --- ƣ蘆Ȥ̡ (2023/04/15)
23. #618. Ѹˤλʬ (2023/02/08)
24. #708. unmummied --- ֤إ饸бȤʤä16ϢȯϿñ (2023/05/09)
25. #724. -er ˹ټʤΡ (2023/05/25)
26. #745. ܿͤ衤ʸܳФ (2023/06/15)
27. #687. ֻҲy y i Ѥ -ed --- ε§ä (2023/04/18)
28. #598. եȤϲ´ƣʿȤ̡ (2023/01/19)
29. #626. ƫ china ȼ japan --- Ϥʤɽ魯ñ줿 (2023/02/16)
30. #734. Japan, Japanese, Nippon θ츻ȱѸǤνǯ (2023/06/04)
heldio Υ䤽¾ۿˤĤƤϡ
#4996. ǯ1ǯ֤Ǥ褯İ줿 --- Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)פ ([2022-12-31-1])
#5101. 2023ǯ1--3 heldio ([2023-04-15-1])
note Υ
ꥹʡ umisio ˤ note Ǥο֤국
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡1Ⱦ1--3ԡ
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡2Ⱦ4--6ˡ7ޤǥ֥ꥢ
- 5ǯ (2023ǯ) heldio ֤롡3Ⱦ8--9ˡ7˴ޤ
ʤɤ⤴Ȥ
ܥ֥βǤȤ褦ʰ֤Ťǡī Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)Ѹ˴ϢȯƤޤܲ Voicy ˤ벻ۿ˿ǽФƤޤޤ嵭2ĤδϢۿİФȻפޤʲ˵Τɲäޤ3ĤۿؤΥǤˡ
(1) #729. ʤѸؤФʤФʤʤΡ --- ΤαѸˡ2023ǯ530ۿ嵭κۿǤ
(2) #929. ʤѸؤФʤФʤʤΡ --- ȿ2023ǯ1216ۿ嵭αۿǤ
(3) ֡ڱѸˤ #68ۺīäȤϤ2023ǯ1216ۿ(2) ³ԤǤͭΥץߥꥹʡۿͥǤۿȤʤäƤޤ
ǯ5ˡΥꥹʡϻ¾奼Ǥ뤳ȤΤʤ顤ŪϤǽ˴Ԥ (1) ۿޤºݤˤϡΤߤʤ餺̥ꥹʡγˤİơͤƤƤǤäޤۿľꥹʡγ¿ȿޤǤ heldio ۿΤʤǤȴƤ褯İȤʤޤ
ޡѸ춵ΥꥹʡϢޤع̤ˤۿİƤ餤ոƤ餦ȤȲФȤͤƤ롤ȤΤȤǤҤɤषꤤޤȤƱꡤ1ǯ120̾βոȤΤȤǡƿ̾줿ʸϤͭƤޤ
伫Ȥϡʰճˤ¿ϤȤӤޤΤ褦ʲפĤ»ܤƱǮդˤⴶޤơ̤Ͱͤۿİǡäȡ֤ʤѸؤФʤФʤʤΡפȤ䤤˸äͻҤʸϤϤääƤȤˡưФޤ
Ҥε̤˥եɥХåȻפعαѸ춵иΤ khelfʷѸ˥եˤ߷ȤȤˡ(2) ۿϿȤǤ
Ѹ˸̽Voicy heldio ѡʥƥ̽˿ԤиǤ꤬Ȥޤ
Ѹܥ֥ɤߤheldio ꥹʡγҵޤʤΤߤʤ餺ʤɡˤ˾嵭ۿİƤ館褦¥ƤйǤ
10˾ƲǤ줿World Englishes ˤĤơܥ֥Ǥ¿夲ƤƤޤܽ12ϡִڹαѸפɮ줿Ӥᤰءˤ Voicy heldio ˤ̤ޤڹϿȶʹǤڹʳҲǤ뤳Ȥ䡤Ϣ붵ˤĤƤξäƤ뤳ȤϤޤȤ櫓Ѹ춵ˤĤƤϡΤäƤ褦ǤۤȤΤʤäȤˡܽɤǵŤޤ̤ǤϼɮԤľܤäǤؤٶˤʤޤ⤪٤ڤळȤǤޤб餢꤬ȤޤơȤɤꤤޤ
Ԥ30ʬۤɤβƥĤȤʤäƤޤ#925. ԤȸWorld Englishes ١ʾƲ2023ǯ --- ӤᤰȤδڹαѸᤰ̡ǤҤİ
Ȥʤäܽ10ϡִڹαѸ (pp. 163--75) ϡʲιȤʤäƤޤˤϡָơޡץʡȻʸդƤޤ

ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ
1211ʷˤ18:00̾ץȡ (name_project) ΥС4̾ǡ̾դ (naming) ˤĤƤ٤ꤹ Voicy heldio Ϥޤ饤ǻäꥹʡγͤˤϡ夲˹ꡤ꤬Ȥޤ
ͻҤϡ13ʿī̾ۿȤƤ⤪ϤޤΤǡܥ֥ɼԤγͤ⡤Ҥ֤ΤȤˤİ#926. ̾դݤϤݥȡ̾ץȴ #2ۡ1211ʷΥˡǤ60ʬۤɤβǤˡ
ϡ̾դפȤʹ֤餷٤ܤ˥ꥹʡ̾դ˴ؤƴƤȤɤ߾夲ĤġС4̾Ǥ줳ȥ奢ˤ٤ꤷޤʹ֤ϲ̾ĤΤ̾ĤưϲɤŻ뤷̾դΤʤɼͳ˸礤ޤȤ櫓ֵ11ơޡ䡤ե̾դ٤ʤɤ䤤夬ޤ
heldio ϡ̾ץȤ2ƤȤƤϤޤƱСˤ heldio 1Ƥϡ#5248. ˥å͡ͻ뤿ڤ ([2023-09-09-1]) ǤޤȤ̤ꡤ9#826. ˥å̾͡ץȴ #1ۡˡȤƤϤޤ碌ƤİйǤ
⤽⤳̾ץȤȤϲʤΤˤĤƤ hellog #5217. ̾ץȡפΩ夬ޤ ([2023-08-09-1]) heldio ۿ#799. ̾ץȡΩ夲ǰϿ with Ͻؤڹ¤Ȥ
Сϰʲ4̾ǡץȴϢ٥ȤƤȻפäƤޤꤤޤ
- ¤ء
- ڹʷܳرء
- Ͻؤʥեꥹرؤۤ
- δʷء
ʤߤ˾嵭θ塤2ȾΤƥץߥꥹʡۿֱͥѸˤء (helwa) Ǥ٤³ԤϿޤ֡ڱѸˤ #66ʸȥե̾ȤǡϡĤ3ͤǸ³ƤޤˤؿΤϡҥ֥ץƤǤİС
ɸδΤ5ɼեؤΥĥĤƤޤΤǡ¿γΤɼԤƤޤ1212ʲС˰ʹߤʬϡָ嵭פȤʤޤˡ
1ܡ12/11() ABCDE ɼե
2ܡ12/12() FGHIJ ɼե
3ܡ12/13() KLMNO ɼե
4ܡ12/14() PQRST ɼե
5ܡ12/15() UVWXYZ ɼե
Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) ϺīۿǤ#924. ϡѤʥե٥åɽפΤɼ֤ǤȤơkhelfʷѸ˥եˤλ߷ȤȤ˽פʡɼθƤӤפˤĤƤιΤޤҤİ
2ΤȤˤʤޤ khelf ˤαѸ˳ưΰĤȤơѤʥե٥åɽפȤ褬Ω夬ޤδˤĤƤϡ#5303. رѸ˿ʹ7椬ȯԤޤ ([2023-11-03-1]) ǾҲ𤷤رѸ˿ʹ7ǿ줿ۤVoicy heldio ۿDz٤Ƥޤˡ٤Фʤ顤ĤΤȤˤʤޤְʼδѸظإͥǤޤδ˴ؤ빭ϢʲĥäƤޤ
heldio #872. Ѥʥե٥åɽȻפäƤޤ --- khelf
heldio #873. ڥε§ȿ§ --- Ѥʥե٥åɽ״˴ơ
heldio #887. khelf ߷ȡѤʥե٥åɽ״
helwa ֡ڱѸˤ #42Ѥʥե٥åɽ
helwa ֡ڱѸˤ #43Ѥʥե٥åɽؤȿ
YouTube eye ϤäȤؤʤĤŤäʸ§߽Фݤ?--ؤʥե٥åɽñ罸ڰʼδѸظإͥ 185
2ۤɤδ֡¿ΡѤֻñפθ䤬ƤޤͽƤ¿ƤޤơˤϤˤϿ괶տ夲ޤ꤬Ȥޤ
ñڤޤϡѤʥե٥åɽפ뤿˼Υơ˿ʤߤȻפޤ줿ñGoogle Forms Ѥ11ɼɼ¸ɼѻפޤե٥åȤγʸǻϤޤñΤѤʥե٥åɽפ˷ǺܤΤ˳Ǥդ路ȹͤѤñפ1ӡФȻפޤ
嵭ī heldio ۿǾܤ⤷Ƥޤ1֤Ūɼ֤ȤȻפäƤޤʷˤϤơʶˤޤǤ5֡ե٥åȽ5--6ʸܤ줾ʸǻϤޤñ췲1ĥ٥ȡʥȡˤñǤޤ֡ī heldio뤤 khelf Xʵĥå˥ @khelf_keio ꡤɼѤ Google Forms ؤΥޥפޤΤǡҤɼޤȹǤkhelf HP Ǥ⤷ޤˡ缡Ƥ5 Google Forms ˤĤޤƤϡɼؤޤ뤿˾嵭̤ī٤⤷ƤͽǤν˳ƥեĤ櫓ǤϤޤ21224ˤޤǤ٤ƤΥեץƤޤΤǡ٤ǤޤȤƤǤ⡤֤εȤˤɼФȻפޤ
128ʶˤˡʳؤȤȤˡBaugh and Cable αѸ˽Ρɼ¶ѡפ Voicy heldio/helwa ۿޤȾȸȾ碌2ּǻ̩ʤ٤ɽȤʤޤ饤Ǥİ¿Υꥹʡ˴դޤ꤬Ȥޤ
оݤȤʤäΤϤƱ32 The Germanic Conquest ʥޥˤǤŪ˱ѸˤγϤȤ449ǯȤν˥եޤ̳Ƥ Taku ȤȤˡԤαʸӹĤġƤˤĤƤʤ٤겼ƵޤαʸƥȤϡͽ#5335. ֥ޥ --- Baugh and Cable αѸˤס[2023-12-05-1]ˤ˷ǺܤƤޤ
(1) #922. ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (32) The Germanic Conquest --- Taku Ȥμ¶ѡȾˡ
(2) ֡ڱѸˤ #65۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (32) The Germanic Conquest --- Taku Ȥμ¶ѡʸȾˡ12ʬΥץߥꥹʡۿֱͥѸˤء (helwa) ˴ޤޤͭۿǤ
ɼ¶ѤİˤʤäơΥ饤ɥ˴ؿäϡܽꤷäɤƤФȻפޤְ㤤ʤɽǤۿΥХåʥСϡ#5291. heldio ΡֱѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץĴ˿ʤǤޤ ([2023-10-22-1]) ꤴǧ⽵12Υڡǥ³Ƥޤ

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
5ۤɡBaugh and Cable αѸˤθŵŪ̾ A History of the English Language 6ǡˤɤ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) ǤΥͭۿˤʤƤޤ12Υڡǡ11ɤʤ顤䤬ʸƤˤĤƱѸˤδ鼫ͳ˥ȤƤ饤ɽȤ³ƤޤɤǤ֤⾯ƤƤޤХåʥСϡ#5291. heldio ΡֱѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץĴ˿ʤǤޤ ([2023-10-22-1])ˤˤޤȤƤޤΤǡ餫饢Ƥ

ʤͭۿʤ1ץΤİġˤǤϤƤΤǤȤɤҲ𤹤Ȥݤ⤢̵ƤޤȤ櫓ȹֻդưɼ¶Ѥ̲ϡ¿İƤȤ⤢ꡤĹۿξʤȤ̵ƤޤΤΤ褦ʵϡ褿128ʶˤθ6ǤʳءˤȤȤˡܽ32Ȥʤ "The Germanic Conquest" ¶ѤǤϤޤȾ̾ۿȸȾץߥۿȤ߹碌2ּĹۿȤʤ븫ߤǤۿޤΤǤǤХ饤ǤİȤʤɤꤲƤФȻפޤԹ礬ĤʤΤ˸ȤƤۿͽǤ
оݤȤʤ32 "The Germanic Conquest" ֥ޥפϡѸ˾夭ƽפʥǤʲ2ڡΥƥȤǺܤƤޤʤǤܽꤷƤΤ٥ȤǤˡ
32. The Germanic Conquest. About the year 449, an event occurred that profoundly affected the course of history. In that year, as traditionally stated, began the invasion of Britain by certain Germanic tribes, the founders of the English nation. For more than a hundred years, bands of conquerors and settlers migrated from their continental homes in the region of Denmark and the Low Countries and established themselves in the south and east of the island, gradually extending the area they occupied until it included all but the highlands in the west and north. The events of these years are wrapped in much obscurity. Although we can form a general idea of their course, we are still in doubt about some of the tribes that took part in the movement, their exact location on the continent, and the dates of their respective migrations.
The traditional account of the Germanic invasions goes back to Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Bede in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People, completed in 731, tells us that the Germanic tribes that conquered England were the Jutes, Saxons, and Angles. From what he says and from other indications, it seems possible that the Jutes and the Angles had their home in the Danish peninsula, the Jutes in the northern half (hence the name Jutland) and the Angles in the south, in Schleswig-Holstein, and perhaps in a small area at the base. The Saxons were settled to the south and west of the Angles, roughly between the Elbe and the Ems, possibly as far as the Rhine. A fourth tribe, the Frisians, some of whom almost certainly came to England, occupied a narrow strip along the coast from the Weser to the Rhine, together with the islands opposite. But by the time of the invasions, the Jutes had apparently moved down to the coastal area near the mouth of the Weser and possibly also around the Zuyder Zee and the lower Rhine, thus being in contact with both the Frisians and Saxons.
Britain had been exposed to attacks by the Saxons from as early as the fourth century. Even while the island was under Roman rule, these attacks had become sufficiently serious to necessitate the appointment of an officer known as the Count of the Saxon Shore, whose duty it was to police the southeastern coast. At the same time, the unconquered Picts and Scots in the north were kept out only at the price of constant vigilance. Against both of these sources of attack the Roman organization seems to have proved adequate. But the Celts had come to depend on Roman arms for this protection. They had, moreover, under Roman influence, settled down to a more peaceful mode of life, and their military traditions had lapsed. Consequently, when the Romans withdrew in 410, the Celts found themselves at a disadvantage. They were no longer able to keep out the warlike Picts and Scots. Several times they called upon Rome for aid, but finally the Romans, fully occupied in defending their own territory at home, were forced to refuse assistance. It was on this occasion that Vortigern, one of the Celtic leaders, is reported to have entered into an agreement with the Jutes whereby they were to assist the Celts in driving out the Picts and Scots and to receive as their reward the Isle of Thanet on the northeastern tip of Kent.
The Jutes, who had not been softened by contact with Roman civilization, were fully a match for the Picts and Scots. But Vortigern and the Celts soon found that they had in these temporary allies something more serious to reckon with than their northern enemies. The Jutes, having recognized the weakness of the Britons, decided to stay in the island and began making a forcible settlement in the southeast, in Kent. The settlement of the Jutes was a very different thing from the conquest of the island by the Romans. The Romans had come to rule the Celtic population, not to dispossess it. The Jutes came in numbers and settled on the lands of the Celts. They met the resistance of the Celts by driving them out. Moreover, the example of the Jutes was soon followed by the migration of other continental tribes. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, some of the Saxons came in 477, landed on the south coast, and established themselves in Sussex. In 495, further bands of Saxons settled a little to the west, in Wessex. Finally, in the middle of the next century, the Angles occupied the east coast and in 547 established an Anglian kingdom north of the Humber. Too much credence, of course, cannot be put in these statements or dates. There were Saxons north of the Thames, as the names Essex and Middlesex (the districts of the East Saxons and Middle Saxons) indicate, and the Angles had already begun to settle in East Anglia by the end of the fifth century. But the entries in the Chronicle may be taken as indicating in a general way a succession of settlements extending over more than a century, which completely changed the character of the island of Britain.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.

ܥ֥λǡ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio)ī6ˤϤƤޤ¹ԤƷ֥ץ֥ͭͥץߥꥹʡۿֱͥѸˤء (helwa)פ轵ڤͼ6ۿƤޤʥ֥֥饦ͳȼʤη800ߤǤˡ
ǯ6˳ߤΡֱѸˤء (helwa) ⡤ץߥꥹʡγβٱΤȤǡޤ6³Ƥޤ꤬Ȥޤ֤ͭΥꥹʡˤ heldio/helwa ϤΥƥȯƤƤޤơդ˴ޤҡ#5256. heldio/hel ([2023-09-17-1]) Ȥʤޤ#5301. ץߥꥹʡۿֱͥѸˤء (helwa) 5εס ([2023-11-01-1]) ⤴ˡ
6ۿͽβäơ11ʬ13ФȤˤʤޤФäȤǥȥįᡤ֥Ƥ⤤ä뤫ȻפޤΤǡʬΥ饤ʥåפʲ˼ޤ
ڱѸˤ #49ۥԥꥪɡߥǤʤ˰̣Ѥ롪2023/11/02
ڱѸˤ #50you ˤĤƸ2023/11/04
ڱѸˤ #51you Τ٤¿2023/11/07
ڱѸˤ #52۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (24) Celtic --- ǦȤμ¶ѡʸȾ2023/11/09
ڱѸˤ #53ۼߤߥ2023/11/11
ڱѸˤ #54ۡرѸ˿ʹ7ϫޤ2023/11/14
ڱѸˤ #55̵ʸ --- ƣͺϤΡإ֥٤2023/11/16
ڱѸˤ #56äդΩΡդʿ --- ƣͺϤʸ̵2023/11/18
ڱѸˤ #57۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (26) The Home of the Indo-Europeans -- khelf ƣȤμ¶ 2/32023/11/23
ڱѸˤ #58۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (26) The Home of the Indo-Europeans -- khelf ƣȤμ¶ 3/32023/11/24
ڱѸˤ #59ۥʥ2023/11/25
ڱѸˤ #60ۥʥ⤿餷Ƥ롩2023/11/28
ڱѸˤ #61128ʶˤ helwa ˺ǯ˸2023/11/30)
֤äƤߤȡ̾ۿ heldio Ǽ夲ȯŸǤ helwa ΤۤǤϤ뵡¿äǤֱ͡ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץ helwa ǤϤȤʣ»ܤޤޤإ֥٤ԤΰƣͺϤ helwa ̤ƴŪ˸ήǤΤǤ
褿128ʶˤˤϡץߥꥹʡγȤȤˡ饤Ǥ helwa ˺ǯŤͽǤץߥꥹʡǤлüͳβǤΤǡˡؤȤʤʹߡ12ʬ˥֥ƤйǤ hellog/heldio/helwa ꤤޤ
1122ʿˤθˡkhelf ƣ蘆ȤȤˡɸˤĤ Voicy heldio ɼ¶ѤۿޤƱ hellog #5322. ²ͤθζ --- Baugh and Cable αѸˤ ([2023-11-22-1]) ⻲ȡˡ
Baugh and Cable αѸˤθŵŪ̾ A History of the English Language 6ǡˤɤƤ̲ȤƤϤޤܤΤ2ϤκǸȤʤ26 "The Home of the Indo-Europeans" ǤӸؤˤǤפ1ĤǤꡤ̤夬ͽۤ줿Τǡǽ餫ĹۿǰƬˤƤޤ̤Ȥơ50ʬۤɤۿ3פ2ȾĹϤ뤳Ȥˤʤޤ饤ǤİΥꥹʡγˤϵŤʥȤޤޤ꤬Ȥޤ
ۿθ塤11123ڡī̾ۿ2ƱΥץߥۿ324ʶΥץߥۿȤƤϤޤνʤɤ֤ΤޤˡʲƲİ
(1) #906. ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (26) The Home of the Indo-Europeans --- khelf ƣȤμ¶ 1/3
(2) ֡ڱѸˤ #57۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (26) The Home of the Indo-Europeans -- khelf ƣȤμ¶ 2/3
(3) ֡ڱѸˤ #58۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (26) The Home of the Indo-Europeans -- khelf ƣȤμ¶ 3/3
ʸɤؤ٤ɽȤʤäƤޤޤϡͤθζᤰΩƳ⤬͵ƤڵʤƧ߹ʬˤĤƤǤȻפޤ
⤳Υ饤ɽϡä³ƤͽǤɤ֤⾯ƤƤޤҴؿϡƥȤξ头äϢۿΰϡ#5291. heldio ΡֱѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץĴ˿ʤǤޤ ([2023-10-22-1])ˤ˷ǺܤƤޤ

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
Baugh and Cable αѸˤθŵŪ̾ A History of the English Language 6ǡˤɤ Voicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) ǤΥϤ4ޤcf. #5291. heldio ΡֱѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץĴ˿ʤǤޤ ([2023-10-22-1])ˡäڡǤϤޤڤ줺˿ʤǤޤ饤ɤ֤⾯ƤƤޤ

ܲ2Ϥκǽᡤ26 The Home of the Indo-Europeans ְ²ͤθζפȤȤǤθ塤khelf ƣ蘆ȤȤˡ26ʤӤޤȤȤ2Τˤܤ Voicy heldio/helwa ˤɼ¶ѤۿͽǤå٤κۤȤޤȤǻȤʤϤǤ̩ʱʸ˲äѸ˸ԤΩ줫²ȤθζˤĤƽIJ̵Ԥ˵Ȼפޤ
ϻϸ2ͽǡ̾ۿȥץߥۿȤ߹碌ƺĹ3֤ۤɤˤʤǽޤۿǤİˤʤʤϡǤۿޤΤǡ֤ΤȤˤǤäİ褷ƤФȻפޤ heldio ͥեޤȡͽΤ䳫Τ뤳ȤǤ褦ˤʤޤΤǡҥեꤤޤܲե5,224̾ȤʤäƤޤˡޤۿǤꤲߤΥȤ⤪ԤƤޤΤǡҤ
ۿ˹碌4ڡ;8ʤ26Τǽ3ʲ˷ǺܤޤĤʬ碌ʸˤĤƤϡץߥۿˤƶͭޤʤǤܽꤷƤΤ٥ȤǤˡ
26. The Home of the Indo-Europeans. It is obvious that if the languages just described represent the progressive differentiation of an original speech, this speech, which we may for convenience call the Indo-European language, must have been spoken by a population somewhere at some time. What can be learned about these people and their early location?
Concerning their physical character, practically nothing can be discerned. Continuity in language and culture does not imply biological descent. It is not an uncommon phenomenon in history for a people to give up their own language and adopt another. Sometimes they adopt the language of their conquerors, or of those whom they have conquered, or that of a people with whom they have simply become merged in a common territory. The Indo-European languages are spoken today in many cultures that until recently had completely unrelated heritages. To judge by the large variety of people who have spoken these languages from early times, it is quite possible that the people of the original Indo-European community already represented a wide ethnic diversity. Neither can we form any very definite idea of the date at which this people lived as a single, more or less coherent community. The period of their common life must have extended over a considerable stretch of time. It is customary to place the end of their common existence somewhere between 3500 and 2500 B.C.
With respect to the location of this community at a time shortly before their dispersal, we have at least a basis for inference. To begin with, we may assume that the original home was in that part of the world in which the languages of the family are chiefly to be found today, and we may omit from consideration Africa, Australia, and the American continents because we know that the extension of Indo-European languages in these areas has occurred in historical times. History and its related sciences, anthropology and archaeology, enable us also to eliminate certain other regions, such as the British Isles and the peninsulas of Southern Europe. Early literary tradition occasionally preserves traces of a people at a former stage in their history. The earliest books of the Hindus, for example, the Vedas, show an acquaintance with the Indus but not with the Ganges, indicating that the Indo-Europeans entered India from the northwest. In general, we may be fairly sure that the only regions in which it is reasonable to seek the original home of the Indo-European family are the mainland of Europe and the western part of Asia.
Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
ܥ֥ǤӤӾҲ𤷤Ƥ롤10˾ƲǤ줿World Englishes ꡤ12ϡ֥αѸפȤˡҲ𤷤ޤθѸؽϡ¿ܿͤˤȤä̤ΤΰǤϤʤǤ礦伫Ȥ⡤ޤäȤäƤ褤ۤΤޤǤ
ξϤɮ줿ëǷءˤ Voicy heldio ˤ̤뵡ޤƤܤˤäƤ̤Ǥޤ˳ڤ⤷٤Ȥʤꡤʰ̣ܤޤë꤬ȤޤơȤɤꤤޤ#901. ԤȸWorld Englishes ١ʾƲ2023ǯ --- ëǷȤΥαѸᤰ̡ǤԤ20ʬۤɤβƥĤȤʤäƤޤ
夲ܽ12ϡ֥αѸ (pp. 189--99) ϡʲιȤʤäƤޤ

ԡˡWorld Englishes ١Ʋ2023ǯ

ƣͺϤˤإ֥١ʽѼҥʥʥ롤2023ǯϡ֤إ饸ְʼδѸظإͥ¾Ǥ⤹Ǥ˾Ҳ𤵤ƤꡤسǤϤ褯Τ줿¸ߤˤʤäƤޤ
ܽϥɥʺǸομ̱֥ (Mlabri) ȤθեĴϿǤΤޤޥ֥ˡֻäƤƤޤäؼԡƣͺϤĽյȤ٤ΤˤʤäƤޤ
塦Ĥ YouTube ˰ƣȤȤƤ֥̤ᤰ̲ϿޤǤޤΤǡ⤪ڤߤˡ
ƣ ͺϡإ֥١Ѽҥʥʥ롤2023ǯ
͵ YouTube/Podcast ֤ͥإ饸κǿۿޤϱѸˤȤ⤪˴طԵ§ưϤʤ¸ߤΤڥ륷ʸˡ_Ե§ư#280Ǥ
إ饸οˤϡVoicy ֱѸθ츻ȤˤĤ饸 (heldio) YouTube ְͥʼδѸظإͥΤĤδϢƥĤ˸ڤƤޤȴȯϤĤإ饸ˡαѸ˾夲ƤȤƤǤΥȥԥḁ̊Ϥޤ褦ˡ
˷ǺܤƤƥؤΥˤƷǤƤޤ
رѸΡ֤ʤפϤƤαѸˡ١ʸҡ2016ǯ
رѸˤDzۤѸθ --- ǼƱѸؤ֤ˡ١ؽ2011ǯ
heldio #58. ʤٸˤԵ§ʤȤ¿ΤǤ
YouTube ֿ⡪ go β went ͳ (cf. #4774. go/went ϼҲŪȥޥǤ ([2022-05-23-1])
YouTube ֱѸԵ§ưΤҤ⤴ --- о졪 (cf. hellog #4810. sing β sang Ǥ⤢ sung Ǥ⤢롪 ([2022-06-28-1])
YouTube ΤαѸԵ§ư餱 (cf. #4807. -ed ˤ뵬§ưνиϳ̿Ūä ([2022-06-25-1])
heldio #9. first -st ϺǾä
heldio #10. third three + th ѷʤΤǽ൬§Ū
heldio #11. ʤ second 2ܤΡפϼѸ졪
Ե§ưϤʤ¸ߤΤפȤѸ˴ؤѤʵ䤫⤭佼ˡ (suppletion) ʡ֥СסˤƳˡԵ§μҲŪյͳĤġΤȤƸˤֵ§פ뤤ϡԵ§פȤϲʤΤȤ礭ʵƤޤٸ꤬Ȥޤ#5130. ֤إ饸ȥ ([2023-05-14-1]) ⤼ҤȤ
ͼVoicy heldio ˤ#893. ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (24) Celtic --- ǦȤμ¶ѡȾˡۿޤBaugh and Cable αѸˤθŵŪ̾ A History of the English Language 6ǡˤɤƤ̲ȤƤϤޤʥˤĤƤϡ#5291. heldio ΡֱѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤץĴ˿ʤǤޤ ([2023-10-22-1]) ȡˡ
ɤ24ܤ Celtic Ǥʸʸ1ڡۤɤαʸˤϺ hellog #5309. ȸɤε --- Baugh and Cable αѸˤ ([2023-11-09-1]) ˷ǺܤƤޤˤʤʤ餪İФȻפޤ
Ѹ˸2ͤޤ뤤֤饰饹ĤʬˤĤƸȤΤϡȤ˭ʻ֤Ǥʤ̥ꥹʡ˥饤ǤİȤΤ⡤꤬Ǥ
Ƥꡤ60ʬǤϸʤäΤǡ³ԤץߥꥹʡۿͥˤڱѸˤ #52۱ѸˤθŵŪ̾ Baugh and Cable ɤ (24) Celtic --- ǦȤμ¶ѡʸȾˡȤƼϿۿƤޤǸˡȸɤˤĤƳؤ֤ȤαѸ˾ΰյˤĤƤƤޤΤǡФ⤪İ
ơȸɤ˴ؿϡܥ֥Ǥ¿εǥСƤޤޤϡceltic, irish, scottish_gaelic, manx, welsh, cornish, breton ʤɤΥդεȤɤʸƤȴؤ꤬ȤơʲƤޤ
#774. ȸʬۡ ([2011-06-10-1])
#779. Cornish Manx ([2011-06-15-1])
#2803. ɸüԿȻϰ ([2016-12-29-1])
#2968. Υ֥ƥ̱ ([2017-06-12-1])
#3743. Celt λؼоݤŪѲ ([2019-07-27-1])
#3747. ȿͤȤϲԤ ([2019-07-31-1])
#3757. ֺ¡ֱѸˤȸ츻פ2֥Ȥפޤ ([2019-08-10-1])
#3761. ֥ƥȥ֥륿˥ ([2019-08-14-1])
ޤheldio Ǥ⥱ȸϢ͡ۿƤޤʲꥹȥåפƤޤ
#692. ȸɤҲ𤷤ޤ2023/04/23
#693. ѸˤȥȡѸˤȥ֥륿˥ --- ΩѴۤΡƴݤϡ֥륿˥Ÿˬ˸ơ2023/04/24
#697. ꥹˤ륱ȷϸФ2023/04/28
#715. ȸ첾2023/05/16
#731. ȸνʸγ֤ʩȸᤫäͳ2023/06/01
#696. ϻ졩 --- ֥ȥο̸2023/04/27
#714. Manx ֥ޥ --- 1974ǯ˻Ȥʤä֥ȥο̸2023/05/15
ۿİˤʤ B&C ɥ˴ؿ⤿줿ϡܽ6ǡˤꤷνǤ椫Ǥ⻲äФȻפޤְ㤤ʤѸٶˤѸˤٶˤʤܤȤǤޤ

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
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