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lexicography - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-08-28 00:27

2021-03-12 Fri

#4337. Horne Tooke θ츻 [etymology][dictionary][lexicography][webster][comparative_linguistics][jones]

ε#4336. Richardson μĹû ([2021-03-11-1]) ǿ줿褦ˡRichardson ϤäʸѤȸ츻Ҥ Horne Tooke ʤʪäƤ롥Tooke ϡŪʸ츻Ѥˤ Richardson Τߤʤ餺 Webster ѤƳ19ȾΥꥹǤ롥
John Horne Tooke (1736--1812) ϡ1758ǯ˥֥åؤ´ȸ塤ˡΧȻ˾ǤϤäδ˾ˤ˽1773ǯ򼭤ȡꥫΩ˺ݤƿ̱¦Ω޿Ūư򳫻ϤΥե󥹳̿ˤƱŪΩꡤȤȤƸ󤵤ʤɤͫܤˤäƤ롥
Τ褦ưŸ֡ůؤؤδؿŪҤԤʤäƤ1778ǯˤ³ that ˴ؤ A Letter to John Dunning, Esq. ФƤ롥ơ2Τ Epea Pteroenta or, the Diversions of Purley (1786, 1805) Ǥ롥1000Ǥ˵ڤָůؤȸ츻˴ؤ줬ȤʤäƤϴȤäƤ٤츻ܤʤΤǤ롥
Dixon ˤ뤳δ͡βʸѤ褦 (150)

   He [Tooke] maintained that originally language consisted just of nouns and verbs with everything else (adjectives, prepositions, pronouns, articles, and so on) being abbreviations of underlying noun and verb sequences. He also believed that each word had a definite meaning which had remained constant from its origin. What makes the modern reader squirm most is the way in which Horne Took applied these principles, absolutely off the top of his head. For example, conjunction through was believed to be related to noun door, and conjunction if was said to have come from the imperative form of verb give. If did have the form gif in Old English and verb give was giefan, but these are not cognate, the similarity of form being coincidental.)
   Sometimes there was vague similarity of form, other times not. 'I believe that up means the same as top or head, and is originally derived from a noun of the latter signification'. 'From means merely beginning, and nothing else', so that in 'Lamp hangs from cieling (sic)'), it is the case that 'Cieling (is) the place of beginning to hang.'
   There are dozens more of such mental meanderings, lacking any basis in fact. From actually goes back to preposition *per in PIE and up to PIE preposition *upo. It is true that some prepositions have developed from lexical words, but none in the way Horne Tooke imagined. Through relates to the PIE verb *tere- 'to cross over, pass through, overcome'. . . . Door is a development from *dhwer, which meant 'door, doorway' in PIE.
   Horne Tooke's book was simply a raft of wild ideas. There may have been other books of this nature, but the scarcely believable fact is that The Diversions of Purley was accepted by the British public as an example of brilliant insight. Philosopher James Mill found Horne Tooke's work 'profound and satisfactory', 'to be ranked with the very highest discoveries which illustrate the names of speculative men'. The account of conjunctions 'instantly appeared to the learned so perfectly satisfactory as to entitle the author to some of the highest honours of literature'.


ؤȤ William Jones ˤӸ (comparative_linguistics) ü郎ĤĤäΤΡꥹؤܳŪƳϤʤƤ餺Tooke ¯䤹ʳŪʸ츻Ϲɾʤůؼ James Mill 仿ۤɡˡ䡤ष Tooke νˤꡤꥹؤӸؤƳ٤줿Ȥ餤뤫⤷ʤʺڡڸp. 353ˡ
1840ǯޤǤˤϡꥹ Tooke ѤȴФƤTooke νϡ"gratuitous", "incorrect", "fallacious", "frivolous" ʤɤηƻɾȤʤäƤΤǤ (Dixon 151)

ãڸ ԡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.

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2021-03-11 Thu

#4336. Richardson μĹû [etymology][dictionary][lexicography][johnson][oed][webster]

#3155. Charles Richardson A New Dictionary of the English Language (1836--37) ([2017-12-16-1]) ǾҲ𤷤褦ˡRichardson (1775--1865) αѸ켭ϡJohnson, Webster, OED ȤˤήΤʤפƤꡤǤϤޤܤߤ뤳Ȥʤ19ȾФˤƤϽפ̤Ƥ
ĹȤƤϡѸ켭˾ܳŪˡˡפռäȤȤ롥ʸˤΥݡȤ Johnson ˻Ϥޤ뤬Johnson ȤŵˤʸϲŰʸΤΤǤꡤѸˤޤ̤뤳ȤϤʤäRichardson Ѹ졤ΡŪ§פʿ򳫤ΤǤ롥⡤ѿ Johnson ڤ˾äƤ롥̤Ȥơʸǰʤ2000ǤĶȤʤϤäꤤäƻȤŤ餤Ȥʤä (Dixon 146)
⤦1ĹŦȡμԻ찭¸μबȤƤRichardson ϥꥸʥܻؤȤǤ롥Τ륪ꥸʥμԻΤϡˤ Johnsonˤ OED 󤲤пԤƤޤۤɤξɤǤꡤˤ Richardson Ƶɾʤ
ûȤƤϡεǤ⿨줿Ȥꡤ"a word has one meaning, and one only" Ȥüʸ˸츻Ҥˤ˴٤äƤޤäȤθ Horne Tooke (1736--1812) ȤϤŪȡ츻ԤˤΤǡοʪϺǤϴȤ٤2ΤαѸ츻˴ؤ The Diversions of Purley (1786, 1805) ΤƤ롥Richardson μȽ Webster ⡤ Tooke 櫤ˤϤޤä1ͤǤꡤλ塤츻̤ Tooke αƶϤӤäƤȤʬ롥
ˤ Richardson ϡѸ켭ˤˤƼפʼԻȤΤϤޤdz19ȾФνץä

ãڸ ԡرѸؿ̾ŵ١ҡ1995ǯ
Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.

Referrer (Inside): [2021-03-12-1]

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2021-03-08 Mon

#4333. Johnson 켭ؤβϩ [johnson][dictionary][lexicography]

Ѹ켭ˤƤήˤĤơ#609. 켭17 ([2010-12-27-1]) ȡ#610. æ켭18 ([2010-12-28-1]) dz⤷18ˤʤäƤ褦䤯ǤϤʤ̸ϿŪʱѸ켭ȤȤä
John Kersey A New English Dictionary (1702) Ի³ Nathaniel Bailey An Universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721) Dictionarium Britannicum: Or a more Compleat Universal Etymological English Dictionary than any Extant (1730) ǤǸ Samuel Johnson A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) ᤯äȤή
ˤܤŪʸ¿ϿȤǤϡKersey θФ28,000졤Bailey Dictionary 40,000Ǥ뤫顤Τ2ͤæ켭ϩ򤿤ɤäȤäƤ褤
ȤJohnson ϰŪʼԻȤǰ츫2ͤήǤ褦ˤߤΤΡäϩȤäƤ롥Ͽ39,000 Bailey 侯ʤ餤ǡϿäǤ롥ºݡJohnson ʪ⳵ǰɽ魯򹥤ǼϿޤ褯ΤƤ褦Ѥ䶯ǽμԻԤȤ̾ĤƤ뤬ΰѸϾ˥ϥʸϵҤäΤǤ롥餫˾ήռ
Dixon (96) ϡŦơJohnson ϩ̣Ǥ켭󵢤ȱԤƶäƤ롥

Johnson's choice of words, and the senses exemplified, reflected his preoccupation with high-class literary style, rather than with general use of the language. His selectivity was, in a rather different sense, continuing the philosophy of the 'hard words' lexicographers.


ˤĤƤλطʤθɬפ롥Ϣơ#2650. 17μǹߤ18ȾФβߤء ([2016-07-29-1]) ⻲ȡ

Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.

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2021-03-06 Sat

#4331. Johnson μ̾򼨤ά n.s. [johnson][dictionary][lexicography][noun][adjective][verb][latin][terminology]

Samuel Johnson μ A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) ˤϡ̾򼨤άȤơ߸Ƥ n. ǤϤʤ n.s. ѤƤ롥̾ stone ιܤƬߤƤߤ褦



Ф³ơåΤ n. ʃ. 롥ξʸ <s> Ϥ long <s> ȸƤФΤǡߤΤΤȰۤʤΤաlong <s> ˤĤƤϡ#584. long <s> graphemics ([2010-12-02-1])#2997. 1800ǯ򶭤˰ä long <s> ([2017-07-11-1])#3869. 衼åѽ줬Ѹν񤭸դ˵ڤܤƶ ([2019-11-30-1])#3875. 񤭤Ǥ19ޤǤĤäƤ long <s> ([2019-12-06-1]) ʤɤ򻲾ȡ
n.s. ϡŪ̾ؤ noun substantive ξάǤ롥ߤδФϤषĹ̾Τ褦˻פ뤫⤷ʤƥʸˡѸ츯餹ƥʸˡǤϡʤˤޤࡤʤ̾ȷƻҤä "noun" ȤߤʤƤˤʤä̾ȷƻʪȤ븫ޤ졤Ԥ "noun substantive"Ԥ "noun adjective" ȸƤФ뤳Ȥˤʤäޤ "noun" ޤޤƤǤϡѤǤȤ⤤롥Dixon (97) ϢѤ褦

Early Latin grammars used the term 'noun' for all words which inflect for case. At a later stage, this class was divided into two: 'noun substantive' (for words referring to substance) and 'noun adjective' (for those relating to quality). Johnson had shortened the latter to just 'adjective' but retained 'noun substantive', hence his abbreviation n.s.


Ѥˤ⤢̤ꡤƻΤۤ n.a. ǤϤʤ adj. ȤƤΤǡӤƤʤȤФ̤ƻ stone ιܤߤƤߤ褦



ʤߤˡˤư to stone θФ⸫뤬ʻά v.a. ϡverb active ɽ魯Ǥ¾ư (transitive verb) 򤽤ƤǤΤǤ롥ư (intransitive verb) ϡv.n. (= verb neuter) ä
ʸˡѸŪˤĤƤϡ#1257. ʤгʡפ "accusative case" ʤΤ ([2012-10-05-1])#1258. ʤ¾ưפ "transitive verb" ʤΤ ([2012-10-06-1])#1520. ʤư֤Ρ֡פ voice ʤΤ ([2013-06-25-1])#3307. ʸˡѸȤƤ participle ʬס ([2018-05-17-1])#3983. ؤǤˡ (mood) ȤϲǤ (1) ([2020-03-23-1])#3984. ؤǤˡ (mood) ȤϲǤ (2) ([2020-03-24-1])#3985. ؤǤˡ (mood) ȤϲǤ (3) ([2020-03-25-1])#4317. ʤֳʡפ "case" ʤΤ ([2021-02-20-1]) ʤɤ򻲾ȡ

Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.

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2021-03-03 Wed

#4328. 16ʬѸ콸 [lexicography][lexicology][dictionary][mulcaster]

Ϣεǡ16Ⱦ˻˾αѱѼ߽Ф˻äŪطʤˤĤƹͤƤ (cf. #4324. ǽαѱѼ Coote The English Schoole-maister? ([2021-02-27-1])#4325. ǽαѱѼؤȤĤʤ Coote ΰյ ([2021-02-28-1])#4326. ǽαѱѼΥ饤 Coote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar ([2021-03-01-1])#4327. Ѽ񤫤ѱѼؤή ([2021-03-02-1])
ޤƤήʿŪˡ⤦1ĿƤ٤פʷ褬äϡȤۤηŪʤΤǤϤʤΤդ줿ʬѸ콸Ȥ٤¸ߤǤ롥ˤϡñꥹȤӤ٤ΤΤޤޤ롥äȤΤ顤εϤΤΤޤǡ16ˤ70ʾѸ콸ǤƤȤäDixon (45--46) 顤Ĥվ񤭤Ƥߤ褦

Ϥµȥ˴ؤ The Boke of Husbandry 38Υꥹ (1523)
µˡѸޤ426Υꥹ (1543)
ŵ129Ȳޤ The first Syxe Bokes of the Mooste christian Poet Marcellus Palingenius, Called the Zodiake of Life (1561)
˴Ϣ95ޤ A Postill [gloss] or Exposition of the Gospels (1569)
ؤ49ޤ The Elements of Geometrie (1570)
νŤñ̤򰷤ä10ۤɤΥꥹ (1583)

Τ褦ʬѸ콸Ǥ褦ˤʤȡʬʤŪʸý⤢ȤȯۤͯФƤ롥ɬʤΤ#441. Richard Mulcaster ([2010-07-12-1]) Ǥꡤळ The First Part of the Elementarie (1582) Ǥ8000ۤɤθý "Generall Table" 󼨤ʪäΤǤ롥

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2021-03-02 Tue

#4327. Ѽ񤫤ѱѼؤή [latin][loan_word][coote][cawdrey][bullokar][lexicography][dictionary]

ϢεǡѸ˾κǽαѱѼȤμդˤĤ Dixon ˵ʤͻƤ (cf. #4324. ǽαѱѼ Coote The English Schoole-maister? ([2021-02-27-1])#4325. ǽαѱѼؤȤĤʤ Coote ΰյ ([2021-02-28-1])#4326. ǽαѱѼΥ饤 Coote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar ([2021-03-01-1])) ѱѼϴ饤Ȥ Mulcaster -- Coote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar Ȥ򤿤ɤ뤳ȤǤȼƤMulcaster ˤˤդʧɬפ롥Mulcaster Ȱʸ⡤ŪˤϢ³ΤƤ뤫
άŪ˽Ҥ٤СΤ Mulcaster bilingual ѼλǤꡤʸ monolingual ʱѱѼλǤΤǡ츫 Mulcaster 򶭤˼Ū褦˸뤫⤷ʤԤ monolingual ʱѱѼȤϾΤƤΤΡ֤ȤƤϡ켭פǤꡤФϥƥ줫μѸ줬Ū¿äȤοǤ롥Ĥޤꡤƥη֤ΤΤǤϤʤȤ⾯Ѹ첽٤Ρ֤ʤäƥƥñפФΩƤƤ櫓ǤꡤCoote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar 饤 monolingual ϡ֤ȤƤ "1.5-lingual" ȤǤ⤤٤ΤäΤĤޤꡤMulcaster ʸαѱѼή⡤ѼηϢʤȤȤǤ롥
Dixon (42) ˽15--16Ѽηñ˼褯ΤƤΤϡ1430ǯդʬŪʼǤĤäƤ Hortus Vocabulorum Ǥ롥1500ǯ˽Ǥ졤27,000Υƥñ줬̣̤˷ǺܤƤ롥弭ˤĤƤϡ1440ǯμǤΤƤ Promptorium Parvalorum sive Clericum 1499ǯ˽Ǥ졤ʸ1528ǯޤDz뤳ȤȤʤä
16Ⱦ¸ߴ򼨤ѼϡThe Dictionary of Sir Thomas Elyot knight (1538) Ǥʥȥ뤬ѸǤ뤳աˡԤ Hortus Vocabulorum αƶۤȤɼƤ餺ष Ambrogio Calepino 弭١ˤƤ (Dixon 43) ȾФ1565ǯ Bishop Thomas Cooper ˤѼ Thesaurus Linguae Romanae & Britannicae ǤӤȾ1587ǯ Thomas Thomas ˤǤ줿Ѽ Dictionarium Linguae Latinae et Anglicanae ˤϰ̤åƤȤˤʤäơ Thomas Thomas Ѽ񤳤Mulcaster Coote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar 饤αѱѼ --- ʤѸ˾αѱѼ --- θäȤ¤ŦƤ (Dixon 48)
Ϣơ#3544. Ѹ켭ˤάǯɽ ([2019-01-09-1])#603. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (1) ([2010-12-21-1])#604. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (2) ([2010-12-22-1]) 򻲾ȡ

Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.

Referrer (Inside): [2022-12-13-1] [2021-03-03-1]

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2021-03-01 Mon

#4326. ǽαѱѼΥ饤 Coote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar [mulcaster][coote][cawdrey][bullokar][lexicography][dictionary]

Ѹ˾αѱѼäơ#4324. ǽαѱѼ Coote The English Schoole-maister? ([2021-02-27-1]) ȡ#4325. ǽαѱѼؤȤĤʤ Coote ΰյ ([2021-02-28-1]) εǵƤԤεǡֱѸ켭ϴȤ Mulcaster -- Coote -- Cawdrey Υ饤ǧƤȤˤϰʤפȽҤ٤ԻΤ褦͡ʱƶطΤȤʬǤϡ֥饤פ1ĤޤʤȤɤޤ⤷ʤ
ѱѼϰ̤ Robert Cawdrey A Table Alphabeticall (1604) Ȥ뤬Dixon (47) ˤФϴְ㤤ǡEdmund Coote The English Schoole-maister (1596) ǤȤθߤȡJohn Bullokar An English Expositor (1616) 2ͤθѤȤ֤ŤCoote -- Cawdrey -- Bullokar Ȥʥ饤򡤤˸ФȤǤ롥Dixon (47) 󤬴ʷǤ롥

1596. Edmund Coote [a shool-teacher]. The English Schoole-maister, teaching all his scholers, of what age soeuer, the most easie, short and perfect order of distinct reading and true writing our English tongue. Includes texts, catechism, psalms and, on pages 74--93, a vocabulary of about 1,680 items with definitions (mostly of a single word) provided for about 90 per cent of them.
1604. Robert Cawdrey [a clergyman and school-teacher]. A Table Alphabeticall, conteyning and teaching the true writing, and vnderstanding of hard vsual English wordes, borrowed from the Hebrew, Greeke, Latine, or French, etc. ... Consists just of a vocabulary of about 2,540 items, all with definitions.
1616. John Bullokar [a physician]. An English Expositor: teaching the interpretation of the hardest words used in our language. With sundry explications, descriptions, and discourses ... Consists just of a vocabulary of about 4,250 items, all with definitions.


ʳŪ˼ϿƤȤȤʬ뤬ߤαƶط⤷Dixon (47) ξΰѤ³1ˤȡCawdrey Coote θФ87%򥳥ԡƤꡤȾʬۤɤƱΤȤơBullokar ϤɤȤС٤ Cawdrey ˤ˰͵򤷤ƤȤ
κǽαѱѼԻԤФɾˤ򿶤֤äƤߤȡޤ⤷1865ǯ Henry B. Wheatley Ȥ˲ȤϡBullokar ѱѼȤƤ롥2ͤ¸ߤ˵ŤƤʤä餷ޤ1933ǯ Mitford M. Matthews "Robert Cawdrey was the first to supply his countrymen with an English dictionary." (qtd. in Dixon (47--48)) ȽҤ٤Ƥꡤ줬αѸ켭ˤʬȤƻ夲졤ߤ˻롥Τ˱Ѹ켭ˤܤΥȥϤȡThe English Dictionary from Cawdrey to Johnson (1946) The English Dictionary before Cawdrey (1985) The First English Dictionary, 1604 (2007) ʤɤܤˤĤ

Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.
Wheatley, Henry B. "Chronological Notes on the Dictionaries of the English Language." Transactions of the Philological Society for 1865. 218--93.
Matthews, Mitford M. A Survey of English Dictionaries. London: OUP, 1933.

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2021-02-28 Sun

#4325. ǽαѱѼؤȤĤʤ Coote ΰյ [coote][cawdrey][mulcaster][lexicography][dictionary]

ε#4324. ǽαѱѼ Coote The English Schoole-maister? ([2021-02-27-1]) ˰³Ѹ켭ϴΰѤôä Edmund Coote Ȥ The English Schoole-maister (1596) θðɽɾˤĤơ
˭ (377) ϡƱȯֻζʽȤƲ̤Ūʰյɾ˰­ꤺѸ켭˾βͤѶŪǧ褦ȤƤ롥

ܽ񤬡ǽαѸ켭ɾ Cawdrey A Table Alphabeticall ľŪʱƶͿȤϡǤоɽưפ˴Ǽ褹뤳ȤǤ롥Coote ɽǤƤ졤ӸϤ٤ƤΤޤ Cawdrey μŵ˼ϿƤ롥ϼѤȲλ ('It was an era of borrowing, adapting and downright plagiarism') Ȥ뤬ѹǺǽμŵԽԤȤɤ˵ Cawdrey Coote 餦Ȥϡ褷ƾʤʤƤޤCawdrey μɽ A Table Alphabeticall ⡤Coote ΰɽ֤Ȥդ줿 'Directions for the vnskilfull' "If thou hast not been acquainted with such a table as this following, and desirest to make vse of it, thou must get the Alphabet, that is, the order of the letters as they stand,..." ˤ a table...Alphabet ˼ȤʤƤ롥A Table Alphabeticall ϡ'hard vsuall English wordes' 'plaine English wordes' Τǡ켭ŵʬȤ뤬Coote ˤϤǤ 'hard words' ('The Schoole-maister his profession'), 'hardest' Ȥ ('Directions') 롥Ѹ켭ˤεҤˤ 'From Cawdrey to Johnson' ʤϤߤ Cawdrey ι׸פ򤿤ɤΤ̤Ǥ뤬ǽαѸ켭ŵνפŵȤơܽβͤѶŪǧʤФʤʤǤ


ơּפȤΤϲʤΤ̤ñˤ٤餷ΤΤĤðɽȤκۤϲʤΤȹͤ줿

Coote, Edmund. The English Schoole-Maister. 1596.
˭ ѡEdmund Coote: The English Schoole-maister βסWilliam Bullokar: Book at large, Bref Grammar and Pamphlet for Grammar. P. Gr.: Grammatica Anglicana. Edmund Coote: The English Schoole-maisterٱѸʸݹ亮꡼1Ʋ1971ǯ365--80.

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2021-02-27 Sat

#4324. ǽαѱѼ Coote The English Schoole-maister? [coote][cawdrey][mulcaster][lexicography][dictionary]

Ѹ켭˾塤ǽαѱѼϰ̤ Robert Cawdrey A Table Alphabeticall (1604) ȤƤ롥ˤĤơ#603. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (1) ([2010-12-21-1])#604. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (2) ([2010-12-22-1])#726. ǤȤ뤫⤷ʤŪ Cawdrey μ ([2011-04-23-1])#1609. Cawdrey μǡ١ ([2013-09-22-1]) ʤɤεǼ夲Ƥ
Cawdrey ̼ǻ˾αѱѼä櫓ǤϤʤ㤨СǤ1582ǯ Richard Mulcaster The First Part of the Elementarie Τʤ8000ۤɤθý "Generall Table" ǤƤꡤºݤ¿ Cawdrey μȿǤƤ (cf. #441. Richard Mulcaster ([2010-07-12-1]))
Ʊ褦ˡEdmund Coote 1596ǯ˾尴ȯֻζʽ The English Schoole-maister 3Ǥ1500ΰɽ󤲤ƤꡤCawdrey Ϥ餫˻ȤƤ롥Coote θðɽˤ̤ñˤ٤ΤΤǤϤ뤬פդƤꡤʬΩƤߤʤС줳˾αѱѼȤߤʤƤ褤ΤǤϤʤȻפ롥ºݡDixon (ix) ϡΤ褦ˤȤ館Ƥ褦

The first monolingual English dictionaries --- commencing in 1596 --- dealt just with 'hard words' (those of foreign origin) and explained them in terms of Germanic forms. The second such dictionary, by Robert Cawdrey in 1604, included:
   lassitude, wearines


˭ (375) Edmund Coote: The English Schoole-maister βפˤơȤᤤȤҤ٤Ƥ롥

Ǥֻˡ輨뤳ȤŪȤ줿ΤФʸ˱Ѹˤ֤ Coote θɽϡѸ켭ŵοȤ٤ΤǤꡤƱ 'Schoole-maister' Ǥä Robert Cawdrey A Table Alphabeticall, conteyning and teaching the true vvriting, and vnderstanding of hard vsuall English wordes, borrowed from the Hebrew, Greeke, Latine, or French. Etc. (1604) 礭ʱƶڤܤȤˤʤ롥


äƺǽαѸ켭Ȥ뤫ϡּפǤꡤǤƧ߹ޤʤѸ켭ϴȤ Mulcaster -- Coote -- Cawdrey Υ饤ǧƤȤˤϰʤ

Dixon, R. M. W. The Unmasking of English Dictionaries. Cambridge: CUP, 2018.
Coote, Edmund. The English Schoole-Maister. 1596.
˭ ѡEdmund Coote: The English Schoole-maister βסWilliam Bullokar: Book at large, Bref Grammar and Pamphlet for Grammar. P. Gr.: Grammatica Anglicana. Edmund Coote: The English Schoole-maisterٱѸʸݹ亮꡼1Ʋ1971ǯ365--80.

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2020-10-24 Sat

#4198. DzΤȶ͡٤Ѥޤ [film][history][lexicography][oed][linguistic_imperialism][philology][comparative_linguistics][hellog_entry_set]

#4172. DzΤȶ͡٤θԤˤ OED ԻˡξҲʸ ([2020-09-28-1]) ǾҲ𤷤Dz褬轵ɥ硼ȤʤäΤǷ˴Ѥ˹ԤޤOED ʽǡԻʹ֥ɥޤǤͥХ줷ʤ٤ˡȤꤢۤҤ٤ƤȻפޤ

ϥΥեDzǤϾʤ餺ե󲽤ƤơݤѤäƤ褦ʡդˤСޤ̣äȤȡDzѤȤǡΥΥե餷̥Ϥ˵Ť
OED ԻطʤȤ¤ᤷäǤ뤳ȤƤ褯ʬä
OED ꥹȤƤΰҿäŪ˴褵졤Ի줿¤褯ƤѸʳء˻Ūʴ顤ϤȤƤסȤʤɤǵȻפäƤݥȡ
DzǤ OED Ȥ˿Ƥս꤬ʤʤϤˤΤǡOED μȤƤפäۤʤä褦ʡDz貽ˤϻʤäѤʹ֥ɥޤ̤˽椷Ƥͻҡ
Murray ΤڤȤ⤤٤ OED Խ紴ˤ EETS ΩԤǤ⤢ Furnivall 򤬤ȤƤɤ̣ФƤǤϤޤƤʤäʬʤΤǡDzǤäʤäϤꡤFurnivall ŷӤ̥ŪʱѸʸػ˾νץ顥
ֶ͡פȥ硼󡦥ڥα鵻äʥ롦֥ΡΡפ⽽ʬɤäȤϤˡ

Ǥ⿨Ƥ OED ԻδطˤĤƤϡҰʲεɤǤߤƤʵåȤȤƤˡOED θѤ뤫⤷ޤ

#304. OED ץȤΤΤ ([2010-02-25-1])
#638. ŪȤȤƤ OED Ի ([2011-01-25-1])
#644. OED ȥ衼åѤΥ饤Х뼭 ([2011-01-31-1])
#3020. οҤȤƤӸ (1) ([2017-08-03-1])
#3376. οҤȤƤαѸʸء ([2018-07-25-1])
#3603. ²ۡ ([2019-03-09-1])
#3767. ܤ̡ ([2019-08-20-1])
#4131. ꥹ񲽤ˤв "The OED in two minutes" ([2020-08-18-1])

Referrer (Inside): [2023-10-18-1]

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2020-09-28 Mon

#4172. DzΤȶ͡٤θԤˤ OED ԻˡξҲʸ [film][history][lexicography][oed]

OED ԻDzΤȶ͡١ʸ The Professor and the Madman1016ʶˤɥ硼ϤȤʤޤ롦֥ James Murray ˤȥ硼󡦥ڥʶ Doctor Minor ˤν鶦顥ָɹγؼԤȡ줿ȡαѸ켭ŵ˱줿¤ʪפȤåǤ

the_professor_and_the_madman.jpg

ϥΥե Simon Winchester ˤ The Professor and the Madman (1998) ƱȤˤ2003ǯǤ The Meaning of Everything ⡤Ʊ OED Իˤʹ̤ͤƤꡤȴˤ⤷Ǥ
OED Ȥϲʬ䤹ΤưפǤϤޤ󤬡The Professor and the Madman 2 (25--26) ˡԤˤƳʸϤΤǡѤƤޤ礦OED Իˡ˾ƤƳǤ

It took more than seventy years to create the twelve tombstone-size volumes that made up the first edition of what was to become the great Oxford English Dictionary. This heroic, royally dedicated literary masterpiece---which was first called the New English Dictionary, but eventually became the Oxford ditto, and thenceforward was known familiarly by its initials as the OED---was completed in 1928; over the following years there were five supplements and then, half a century later, a second edition that integrated the first and all the subsequent supplementary volumes into one new twenty-volume whole. The book remains in all senses a truly monumental work---and with very little serious argument is still regarded as a paragon, the most definitive of all guides to the language that, for good or ill, has become the lingua franca of the civilized modern world.
   Just as English is a very large and complex language, so the OED is a very large and complex book. It defines well over half a million words. It contains scores of millions of characters, and, at least in its early version, many miles of hand-set type. Its enormous---and enormously heavy---volumes are bound in dark blue cloth: Printers and designers and bookbinders worldwide see it as an apotheosis of their art, a handsome and elegant creation that looks and feels more than amply suited to its lexical thoroughness and accuracy.
   The OED's guiding principle, the one that has set it apart from most other dictionaries, is its rigorous dependence on gathering quotations from published or otherwise recorded uses of English and using them to illustrate the use of the sense of every single word in the language. The reason behind this unusual and tremendously labor-intensive style of editing and compiling was both bold and simple: By gathering and publishing selected quotations, the dictionary could demonstrate the full range of characteristics of each and every word with a very great degree of precision. Quotations could show exactly how a word has been employed over the centuries; how it has undergone subtle changes of shades of meaning, or spelling, or pronunciation; and, perhaps most important of all, how and more exactly when each word slipped into the language in the first place. No other means of dictionary compilation could do such a thing: Only by finding and showing examples could the full range of a word's past possibilities be explored.


θ OED ƳʸϤ³ޤޤǤǤԻˡΥˡʬȻפޤʪΤȶ͡٤ϡOED ԻˡΤΥˡ򼴤ŸƤޤǤ¤˳ڤߤǤ

Winchester, Simon. The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary. New York: HarperCollins P, 1998. HarperPerennial ed. 1999.

Referrer (Inside): [2023-10-18-1] [2020-10-24-1]

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2020-08-28 Fri

#4141. 1150ǯۤƻĤʤäűѸñ OED 鳰Ƥ [oed][oe][doe][periodisation][lexicography][lexicology][manuscript]

OED ǤϸűѸñϤɤΤ褦˰Ƥ뤫դϡOED Online 󶡤 Old English in the OED ̤Τ뤳ȤǤ롥
OED ϡ§Ȥ1150ǯĶƻĤʤäűѸñϼ갷ʤƤ롥Ū§Ӥ OED ȤƤϡΤ褦˽ñäȤñǤȤǧƤϤƱԻĹˤ餫ˤǤꡤ The Dictionary of Old English (DOE) ԻǤ뤳Ȥ顤ŪȤƤΤ褦ʸ§ΩƤƤΤǤ⡤1150ǯʸڤ졤ζǯӤ7500ۤɤθűѸñ줬ϿƤȤ¤ϻŦƤ
űѸλʬˤĤƤ⡤ OED Ǥ3ʬȤˤ򼨤Ƥ롥'early OE' (600--950), 'OE' (950--1100), and 'late OE' (1100--1150) 3Ǥ롥礿űѸ200ΤۤȤɤ 'OE' (950--1100) ͳ褷ǾڵФ꤬뤳Ȥפʤʤ 'early OE' (600--950) °Τ20̤ˡ3ʬƤϤ뤬Ǥ뤫ؽŪˡǤꡤǯνǯεҤˤͭѤƤ롥

Referrer (Inside): [2023-10-18-1]

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2020-08-20 Thu

#4133. OED ˤѸ˳ [oed][lexicology][lexicography][historiography][toc][hel][hel_education]

OED ΥȤˤʤѸˤ˴ؤܤǤ롥äɤȤϤʤäΤзۤɽФƤѸˤΥƥĤˤOED ĤƤ֥ꡤѸ˳Ȥ٤ʲ˵󤲤Ƥ
OED 餷ûˤ濴ȤʤäƤΤϤ󡤼Իδؿ¸ʬȿǤ줿ˡʱѸˤȤʤäƤꡤ¤ɤ߱롥Ȥ櫓ŤαѸ evidence manuscript dating ˴ؤʤɤϽȤۤʤ㤨 Middle English: an overview "Our surviving documents" ʤɤ򻲾ȡˡޤȤʤ20αѸɾʤɤϡαѸͤɬɤǤϤʤ
󡤰ʲ򤸤äɤǤ館ФȻפޤ

Old English --- an overview
- Historical background
- Some distinguishing features of Old English
- The beginning of Old English
- The end of Old English
- Old English dialects
- Old English verbs
- Derivational relationships and sound changes
- cf. Old English in the OED
Middle English: an overview
- Historical period
- The most important linguistic developments
- A multilingual context
- Borrowing from early Scandinavian
- Borrowing from Latin and/or French
- Pronunciation
- A period characterized by variation
- Our surviving documents
Early modern English --- an overview
- Boundaries of time and place
- Variations in English
- Attitudes to English
- Vocabulary expansion
- 'Inkhorn' versus purism
- Archaism and rhetoric
- Regulation and spelling reform
- Fresh perspectives: Old English and new science
Nineteenth century English: an overview
- Communications and contact
- Local and global English
- Recording the language
- A changing language: grammar and new words
- The science of language
Twentieth century English: an overview
- Circles of English
- Convergence: the birth of cool
- Restrictions on language
- Lexis: dreadnought and PEP talk
- Modern English usages

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2020-08-18 Tue

#4131. ꥹ񲽤ˤв "The OED in two minutes" [oed][map][lexicology][lexicography][philology][history][web_service]

ε#4130. Ѹä¿Ͳȳˤв "The OED in two minutes" ([2020-08-17-1]) ǾҲ𤷤ƱƥĤ򡤰ۤʤ٤įƤߤThe OED in two minutes ǸƤѸûϿΥƥĤǤ롥
ѸλϤޤȤʤ1150ǯ1ǯȤ˻֤ʤƤȡФ餯ư衼å˸¤ƤꡤƤ⤷ʤΤ15ȾˤʤäƤ̥եꥫʤɤ˻ȯŪƤ롥ơ16ȾˤʤȿΦ䥤̤ˤݥĥݥĤƤơܤо줷Ƥ롥ξ1718ˤƵǤϤʤʤäƤ롥ܤ٤ưФƤΤϡ18ȾΥ˥ʿΡեꥫȤäȾ濴ȤϰǤ롥19ȥեꥫޤ᤿ιǤ褦ˤʤꡤƱȾˤꥫä롥20Ϥޤ˥ХǤ롥
¤ˤ⤷Ʊˡ¤˶16Ⱦ19ޤǤλȤ˴ؤ뤫ꡤΤޤޥꥹ񲽤­פûˤδѥե졼ƥĤ˸Ƥľܡܤ˥ꥹλ۸εڤڤɤĤ֤ˤϿޤϡַŪʡϿޤȤƸƤ뤷̣ʬ䤹Τ褦ʡָûŪʡϿޤ¿쾯ʤפȤΤϡȤ̣ơԤϿޤOED ȤѸʸؤοȤ٤ؽŪʪѤƺƤ뤳ȡޤμ񤽤켫ȤκǤ19ȾФδλʪǤ뤳ȤפФȤ̣ʾˡΤΤʤ򴶤롥
OED ϳؽŪʸŪ˰ζȤθġǤꡤǻ޻ޤ뤳ȤǤʤλ¤ǧĤġ켫Τ˫ȾФˤλʪǤ뤳ȤϴΤäƤϢưʲε⻲ȡ

#3020. οҤȤƤӸ (1) ([2017-08-03-1])
#3021. οҤȤƤӸ (2) ([2017-08-04-1])
#3376. οҤȤƤαѸʸء ([2018-07-25-1])
#3603. ²ۡ ([2019-03-09-1])
#3767. ܤ̡ ([2019-08-20-1])

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2020-08-17 Mon

#4130. Ѹä¿Ͳȳˤв "The OED in two minutes" [oed][map][lexicology][borrowing][lexicography][philology][statistics][web_service][hel_education]

The OED in two minutes ˡѸλϤޤ1150ǯ2010ǯޤǤαѸʼѡ˸ûˤϿ޾ǻвƥȤǼƥĤɽƤ롥ƥġ¤ˤߤȤ˱Ѹä¿ͲȳˤɽƤꡤ⤤ʰ̣ǹͤ롥ɤ

Map of Loanwords in 1726 by OED



Ͽޤβˤ뿧դӤϡѸˤ老Ȥȡ٤ɽ路ƤظѤƤǡ١ Google Ngrams 1970--2008ǯʬȤˡ2010ǯߤϿޤ˼פߤƤߤȡȡ٤ˤơޥϤθáӡˤ49%ѸǤ˴Ťʣʤɡӡˤ26%ʤΤǡޤǤΤ3/4Ǥ롥ޥ󥹷Ϥθáӡˤ18%ƥ줬7%Ƥ¾0.2%ѸˤǤϸäˤϼѤˤǤȤΤ֤ȡ٤ǹͤ¤ꡤߤǤѸθäϰŪ˥󥰥ʤ뤤ϥޥŪǤȤäƤ褤Ȥˤʤ롥λ¤ˤĤƤϡ#3400. Ѹ˸ä˼Ѹ줬ɤǤ뤫 ([2018-08-18-1]) ȡĥäε򻲾ȡ
Ͽ޺ǯ˽ŤʤäƤ볥ΥХ֥ϡ٤¿ñ줬ääǯۤ礭ʤꡤ٤ľñ줬ääˤʤǯˤϾʤ롥17̤Ū礭äХ֥뤬18ˤƤܤǤͻҤⶽ̣ (cf. #2995. Augustan Age θŪݼ ([2017-07-09-1])#203. 1500--1900ǯˤѸäá ([2009-11-16-1])#4070. 18θŪ¤Τʤ ([2020-06-18-1]))
Ѹʸá˻ˤŤߤˤϡΤ褦ʥȤλХƥĤϤȯ롥

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2020-08-14 Fri

#4127. spirit ˤߤ OED3 β [oed][wycliffe][bible][lexicography][polysemy]

ܥ֥ǡ6Ⱦˡ#4060. ʤפ̣ spirit ־αפ̣Τ ([2020-06-08-1])#4061. sprite spright ([2020-06-09-1])#4062. ƥ spirare ©򤹤ˤθ캬ͥåȥ ([2020-06-10-1]) ε񤷤⤽ο OED3 ԽԤμˤ spirit ιܤ˴ؤ֥ That's the spirit: revising 'spirit', n. for OED3 åפƤ
spirit ϡΤΤʤĶŪʻؼоݤ¿Ǥꡤʸ˾פǡĻ٤⤤ñʤΤǡOED ΤʤǤ礭Υȥ꡼ȤʤäƤ롥ԽԤȤƤϡΤ褦¿˴ؤƸν򤤤ˤ뤫ȤΤȤʤ롥Ȥ櫓ñξˤϡ¿ȤƱѸ˼Ѥ줿ˡѸˤˤȤɤޤäƤ¤ꡤʣθֽȤȤޤ̣ʤʤΤºݡ͡ʸ14 Wycliffe αˤƽФƤ롥Ū§פ OED ΥݥꥷȤơ¿̻Ū˴طŤΤϤޤޤ OED ⤽Υե󥹸ˤƥˤˤޤǿƧ߹ळȤϤʤΤǡνϤʤǺޤä褦ǤʸᤷʤƸʬ᤿ꡤʤ٤ŪʽܻؤƻԺʤɡޤޤԽϤͻҤε֤Ƥ롥
ۤˡǤǤ spirit ιΤȤǰƤ Holy Spirit ǤǤΩθФȤΩƤ줿ȤʸŪʰյˤƽפʲԤȤ٤
OED ΢Τ褦ʡޤ philology ܤΤԽԤο͵ܤˤΤ褦ɸ崶εäOED ζ񡤤ҤƤϼԻˤޤĤϫ褯ʬ뵭Ǥ롥ᡥ

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2020-07-09 Thu

#4091. DOST SND --- åȥɱѸǤ OED [scottish_english][scots][oed][dictionary][lexicography][lexicology][world_englishes][laos]

νѸ (world_englishes) μϿɡåȥɱѸ (scottish_english) ϱѸˤˤ̤ʰ֤Ťˤ롥ȤΤϡ󥰥ɱѸСåȥɱѸϡľŪ˸űѸͳ褹ͣαѸѼǤ롥ŪˤϥꥹäѸΡ¤ä1ѼˤʤȤ̤ŪˤߤХ󥰥ɱѸ¤ǺĹϢ³ؤͳѼʤΤǤ롥άˤˤĤƤϡ#1719. Scotland ˤѸˡ ([2014-01-10-1]) 򻲾Ȥ줿
ͳ Scots English ˤĤƤϡOED ɤŨƲŪʼԻƤ롥2ľҲ𤷤褦1ĤϡDOST Craigie et al. Ԥ A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue Ǥ롥СϡåȥɱѸ줬󥰥ɱѸȤϰۤʤΩѼȤȯŸ顤Ω򼺤äƤä1700ǯޤǤǤ롥ˤϻˤäưۤʤäƤꡤ1600ǯޤǤŪ˼ϿƤȤäƤ褤17ʬˤĤƤϥåȥɤòϰѼμȤʤäƤ롥
ޤԻˤˤĤŤͤƤȤ⤢롥ԻȾˤϡƱθ츻̤ΤǤۤʤˤϡۤʤ븫ФΩƤȤˤΤƤR ι˺ݤäƤϿԽĹ Dareau ΤȤ to till ƱФΤʤǰʤɰۤʤˤΤ뤳ȤˤʤäطʤˤϡԻȤ˴ؤ֤꥽ɯä褦
1700ǯʹߤΥåȥɱѸôƤΤ⤦1ĤμSND Scottish National Dictionary Ǥ롥Ū§ΩäԻƤ뤬åȥɱѸ줬ǤΩܼۤäƤоݤȤƤ뤳Ȥ⤢ꡤ1ϰѼMȤ٤֤ŤȤʤäƤ롥
DOST SND 碌ơåȥɱѸǤ OED ȤߤʤƤ褤ºݡξԤ Dictionary of the Scots Language ̾ΤȤ礵졤饤ǥǤ褦ˤʤäƤ롥
ʤߤˡLALME LAEME б롤ŤåȥɱѸˤĤƤϿޤƤ A Linguistic Atlas of Older Scots (LAOS) Ȥ饢Ǥ롥
ʾ塤Durkin (1152--53) 򻲾ȤƼɮ

Craigie, William A., Adam Jack Aitken, James A. C. Stevenson, and Marace Dareau, eds. A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue. Oxford: OUP, 1931--2002. Available online as part of Dictionary of the Scots Language at https://dsl.ac.uk/ .
Grant, William and David D. Murison, eds. The Scottish national Dictionary: Designed Partly on Regional lines and Partly on Historical Principles, and Containing All the Scottish Words Known to be in Use or to have been in Use Since c. 1700. Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931--76. Supplement 2005. Available online as part of Dictionary of the Scots Language at https://dsl.ac.uk/ .
Williamson, Keith. A Linguistic Atlas of Older Scots, Phase 1: 1380--1500 (LAOS). 2007. Available online at http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laos1/laos1.html .
Durkin, Philip. "Resources: Lexicographic Resources." Chapter 73 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1149--63.

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2020-06-26 Fri

#4078. LEME = Lexicons of Early Modern English [leme][lexicography][dictionary][emode][lexicology][website][link][cawdrey][mulcaster][etymological_respelling]

ε ([2020-06-24-1], [2020-06-25-1]) ǡűѸˤ DOE Ȥ񤬡Ѹˤ MED Ȥ·äƤ뤳Ȥߤʽ˶ѸμϤʤΤ
Ѹ켭ϸŤ˾ޤƤȤƤϤʤShakespeare μ The King James Bible Υ󥳡󥹤Ϥ뤬Ʊ򹭤¸ߤƤʤΤǤ롥
Τ褦ʼȤʤ褦ʥǡ١¸ߤ롥ɸ LEME (= Lexicons of Early Modern English) Ǥ롥ϽѸʸڤ򼭽ԻѤ˼ꥹȤȤ⡤񤫤줿1400ۤɤμý򤽤Τޤޥǡ١ΤǤ롥Ѹθäб6ĶùܤȤԤ Early Modern English Dictionaries Database (EMEDD) ȯŸƤץȤǡ褽1480--1755ǯδ֤˽񤫤줿ΰܤܤƤȤΰˤȡּפȤ "monolingual, bilingual, and polyglot dictionaries, lexical encyclopedias, hard-word glossaries, spelling lists, and lexically-valuable treatises" ȤΤȤǤ롥Υǡ١Τʣ缭ȤߤʤȤϤǤ뤬ͤμԻѤäθ򵭽ҤȤ̣ǤΡּפǤϤʤޤƱο͡θ촶줿ʤ̣ǿ˼ŪʡˡּפȤȤˤʤ
伫Ȥ LEME ޤäȤʤƤʤ͡ʸǽʤ褦ǡ٤äٶȻפäƤ롥ԻϤ֤ʤȤռŪʸä򡦻ѤȤƤȤǡǤϤʤ̤Υѥˤߤä򡦻ѤӤƤߤȤ⤷⤷ʤ㤨СѸħŪʸ츻Ūֻ (etymological_respelling) λѤĴȤ˼ֻ LEME ǡֻ̤ EEBO corpus ʤɤĴ٤ӤƤߤȤ椬ͤ롥
Ѹμϡ켫ΤѸ˾1ĤθơޤȤʤꤦο롥ܥ֥Ǥ⡤ʲϤȤ¿εǼ夲ƤǿƤ⡤褽 LEME ˴ޤޤƤ褦

#603. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (1) ([2010-12-21-1])
#604. ǽαѱѼ A Table Alphabeticall (2) ([2010-12-22-1])
#1609. Cawdrey μǡ١ ([2013-09-22-1])
#609. 켭17 ([2010-12-27-1])
#610. æ켭18 ([2010-12-28-1])
#1995. Mulcaster θåꥹ "generall table" ˤ츻Ūֻ ([2014-10-13-1])
#3224. Thomas Harman, A Caveat or Warening for Common Cursetors (1567) ([2018-02-23-1])
#3544. Ѹ켭ˤάǯɽ ([2019-01-09-1])

[ | ѥڡ ]

2020-06-25 Thu

#4077. MED μȤƤħ [lexicography][dictionary][med][me][corpus][website][link][bibliography][onomastics]

ε#4076. Dictionary of Old English Dictionary of Old English Corpus ([2020-06-24-1]) ˰³Ѹ˸ˤϤʤƤϤʤʤġˤĤơѸ츦ȤС򤪤Ƥ MED 󤲤ʤФʤʤ (Kurath, Hans, Sherman M. Kuhn, John Reidy, and Robert E. Lewis. Middle English Dictionary. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1952--2001. Available online at http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/med/) DOE DOEC δطƱͤˡMED ˤϢ MEC Ȥѥꡤ⤿ؤͭѤǤ (MEC = McSparran, Frances, ed. Middle English Compendium. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2006. Available online at http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/mec/)
MED 1952ǯ˺ǽξǤ졤1991ǯ˺ǸξǤƴθ塤2000ǯ˥饤Ǥ Middle English Compendium Ȥ߹ޤ졤Ȥ꤬˸夷٤ʸǤ뤳ȤϤhyperbibliography ν¿꤬򤷤56,000ۤɤθФؤѸμǤ뤳ȤϤˤФѸ츦˾κʪȤ롥2018ǯˤϤۤ20ǯβǤ졤ߤѸ츦äƤ롥
MED ˤϡѤäΤäƤ٤Ĥħ롥Durkin (1150--52) ˵äƻŦƤޤMED ϡ¿դʧȤȤOED ǤϤθ礭ʴȤƵҤʬƤ뤬MED Υȥ꡼κιϸǤ롥̣Ǥϸΰ㤤ʤɤȳڤäơLALME LAEME ˰ѤͤƤȤäǤ롥θͥȤħˤꡤŪʸΤߤʤ餺ʸŪŪʸˤ񤹤ġȤʤäƤȤ¦̤롥
νŻȴϢơMED ϳθͭ̾ȤƤλѤˤդʧäƤ롥ƤǸθȤƸڤ뤬ϸͭ̾츦˸ͭѤǤ롥¿ƥȤ˵ƤѸ̾ʤɤ⽦夲Ƥꡤ¾ʸܿθˤ񤹤Ǥ롥
MED ˤ餯ϡ츻ҤʤȤľθűѸѸǤХǤη֤ʤɤ󤲤ƤˤȤɤޤꡤߤʤ
Ǹ˻ŦƤ٤ϡʸդƤǯˤĤơ(1) ܡʾڵˤΤΤǯȡ(2) ƥȤ줿ȤܤǯȤʬƵƤǤʸԤϥåǤƤˡξǯǰƬˤС㤨аۼܴ֤ǤθӤ˺ݤƵŤȽǺȤʤνפʾϡdiplomatic ɤߤɵ᤹ʸŪʴؿƤǽƤ롥
Ϣơ#4016. Ѹ츦ΤδŪʥ饤󡦥꥽ ([2020-04-25-1]) ⻲ȡ

Durkin, Philip. "Resources: Lexicographic Resources." Chapter 73 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1149--63.

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2020-06-24 Wed

#4076. Dictionary of Old English Dictionary of Old English Corpus [lexicography][dictionary][doe][corpus][oe][website][link][bibliography]

ɸμϡܲʹθűѸ켭ԻץȤν껺Ǥcf. #3006. űѸμ ([2017-07-20-1])ˡʹʤΤ̤ȤȤˤʤ뤬 The Dictionary of Old English (DOE) ΥDictionary of Old English: A to I online, ed. Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey et al. (Toronto: Dictionary of Old English Project, 2018). ιܤ򥪥饤DZȤǤʸѤǤ̵Ǥˡ
DOE ϢưǸűѸ쥳ѥ (DOEC) ԻƱ˿ʹԤƤꡤDictionary of Old English Web Corpus ꥪ饤ǥǤ褦ˤʤäƤʸѤǤ̵Ǥˡ¸űѸʸϸˤ300Ȥ졤ŪϿԻŪʸġ뤳ȤϲǽϰϤǤ롥DOEC ϡΤ褦ŪβDOE ԻץȤΰĤȤơޤٸϿޥեåǤ1980ǯ1985ǯ˸줿θ塤1997ǯ˥饤Ǥ2005ǯˤ A--F ޤǤιܤϿ CD-ROM Ǥ˽Фθ⸽ߤ˻ޤǡԻԤƻϤˤäƸܤƤƤ롥
DOE γƸΥȥ꡼Ǥϡʸڤ륹ڥ󥰡㡤ƥȤξбƥñʤɤξ졤OED ؤλȤޤ᤿ͻؤΥ󶡤Ƥ롥
˴ʥġϤʤ褦ˡDOE(C) ˤѤ˺ݤդ٤Ϥ롥űѸƥȤʣΥС󤬤硤ʸŪˤϳơñ variants ξ뤳Ȥ˾ޤDOE(C) ǤϥƥȤˤäƤμϿɤ줬롥ޤȤƤ variants Ϥ褽夲ƤȤƤ⡤ŪŪŪʰյ variants ˤϤۤɰդʧƤʤˡ񵭾ξάۤΤŸƤȤˤդɬפǤ롥츻ͿƤʤ⡤ȤƻǰǤϤ롥
Ǥ⡤űѸ츦ˤ DOE νȴԤ礭ϷפꤷʤOED ˤűѸñϼϿƤ뤬ޤʬŪǤꡤ1150ǯĶӤűѸñ˸ꤵƤ롥ԻץȤΥ󥹥ԥ졼ΤϡOED νǤĤĤä100ǯۤ Craigie Υǥͳ褹Ȥ顤¤©ĹץȤʤΤǤ롥礷Ƥޤ礦
DOEC ˤĤƤϡCoRD (Corpus Resource Database) ξɤ

Lowe, Kathryn A. "Resources: Early Textual Resources." Chapter 71 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1119--31.
Traxel, Oliver M. "Resources: Electronic/Online Resources." Chapter 72 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1131--48.
Durkin, Philip. "Resources: Lexicographic Resources." Chapter 73 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1149--63.

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