
ǽˤĤƤϡhellog Ǥ#6209. 423ҤѸ츻ܤ2 --- إѥñҿǡӡ٤ȡذرñϥɥ֥å١ ([2026-04-27-1]) ǾҲ𤷤ޤǾƤ褦ˡθ塤ܤᤰäơȤ heldio/helwa ΥꥹʡΡ̵פȡ״ٻ̤뵡ޤβ heldio ̤ȤƸƤޤΤǡ#1800. ذرñϥɥ֥å١ʸҡ2026ǯˤҼˡ̵פ̡İ53ʬۤɤ̤Ǥˡ
̤ǤϡȤǤ̵λ顤ܽβŪħˤĤ¿Ū˸äƤޤޤä줿ΤϡΰإƥζܤϡѲʤɤʸˡफΤ¿糰γˤϤƥϡɥ뤬⤫äȤ֤ǤФܽϡ츻 (etymology) Ϣ (combining_form) òƤꡤϿʹ֤ˤȤäߤ䤹ȤäĤ䤹ˤʤäƤȤΤȤǤ
ѸǤϡ˶Ѹϥƥ졤̾ϥꥷ줬ήǤȤ̣ʬˤĤƤڤӤޤ̵ˤС˶ѸϹŪ˥ƥ줵Ƥͥʹߤȯã̾ʤɤˤϥꥷͳθäήȤطʤ褦ǤΤ褦ʱѸ˸Ԥλϡ餬ѸʹߤβʳظäȯŪäȤɤΤ褦˴ؤäƤΤȤδؿȤʤޤΰؤθǤϡñʤ뵭ȤơִݰŵפƤȤ¾⤭Ħˤʤޤ
̥ܽϤΰĤȤơꥷäν¤ޤ 㤨̲ο Hypnos hypnosisʺ̲ˤδطʤɡäȤʹֽʪ줫⤭츻ϡΤ褦ʸϿʹ֤ˤȤäƤɤʪȤƤ⤷ΤǤ̵⡤ब뤳ȤܤŪɤꡤؽη³ˤĤʤȽƤޤ
ǡȤΩ줫˾Ȥơȯ䥢ɽ̵ͭ뤤 dent- tooth Τ褦ʰ̸ηӤĤƤ֥ˡ§ (grimms_law) β⤬ФͭյäΤǤϤʤȤäʥĥåߤӽФޤΤȤƤϡ̵ΰѸǤǸΨ褯ؤ٤롤ޤǤˤʤηŪʥϥɥ֥å˻ž夬äƤȤɾǰפޤ
رѸϤʳرѸ (scientific_english) (word_formation) ˶̣ΤϤѸˤδäιͤƤߤˤȤäƤ⡤ܽϼ٤ǤشطԤʤ餺Ȥ⡤Ҽ˼äơνŸʸ츻˿ƤߤƤ
ޤ״֤ȤˤϢ note ֡ظ츻dzؤְرñϥɥ֥å٤˸롤رѸ춵οʿƤޤ⤼Ҥɤߤ
ˡ Ƿˡڲ ȡʴƽˡظ츻dzؤ رñϥɥ֥å١ҡ2026ǯ
423ˡҤñθ츻˴ؤҤƱ2ȯ䤵ޤҤϡǯ6ˡޤ⤴ɾƤرѸ츻ϥɥ֥åФƤޤΤǡ1ǯδ֤3ֱѸ츻ܡפ尴줿ȤˤʤޤѸ츻趷褷ƤȤäƤ褤Ǥ礦
Ԥ줿Τϼ2ǤڡֻɤߡפǤޤ
ظ캬dzФ ѥñҿǡӡʻɤߤ
ظ츻dzؤ رñϥɥ֥åʻɤߤ
ʲơˤĤƴñˤҲ𤷤ޤ

ޤˤظ캬dzФ륳ѥñҿǡӡ٤Ǥܽ2019ǯ˴Ԥ칥ɾǤˤΤǡָ̤̾캬פ˥եñ콸Ǥ١ȤʤäƤΤƱҤΡإѥ¼ŵ٤θ츻ǤܽǤϤ200ʾιܤ˲ɮƤꡤ300Ρ֡ʺǡ˽캬פ夵Ƥޤ
ɮ٤ϡóؽˤ츻μͤǼƤǤ1001٥ʾñ7ʾϸ츻μΩĤȤƤꡤȤ櫓ԤˤȤäƤΥܥӥˤϸ캬ؽˤͭǤ뤳ȤĴƤޤɥӥ䡤ߤΡ֥ȡפⴰƤꡤк̤γؤľޤб롤ޤ˸츻ؽδǤȤǤ

³ơڲȻʴƽˡᡦľǷˤˤظ츻dzؤ رñϥɥ֥å٤Ǥ츫Ūʰ̸ν˸ޤѸˤδⶽ̣Ǥرñϡͥʹߤ̤ήƤƥ졦ꥷǤˤǤꡤСϢ (combining_form) θܻԤΤ褦Ǥ
ܽιϸؤδؤδŪǤƬܸ캬פȤѡʬβ˻ϤޤꡤȾǤϡBody System ̡סǾСƵ۴ʤɡˡפ˸äƤޤѸ줬¿ѤŪĹʸդƤꡤɤѤ뤳ȤǡʹΥȤΨŪ˽Ǥ褦פƤޤϿΡֽѸפʤɤϡؤ糰λˤȤäƤϡڤǤޤԤΩظäƳʣڤܤΤʤˤ֤ƤȤˤĤƹͤƤߤΤ⡤⤷θȤʤޤؤˤĤƤϲʬʤǤ̤¿̩٤ι⤤رñϥɥ֥åǤ뤳ȤϳǧǤޤ
ʾ塤2ñˤҲ𤷤ޤ424ˤϡheldio Ǥ#1790. Ҥ2αѸ츻ܤФޤ --- إѥñҿǡӡ٤ȡظ츻dzؤְرñϥɥ֥å١ꤹۿǤäƤޤΤǡ碌ƤİйǤޤȤ櫓ذرñϥɥ֥å٤ˤĤƤϡܽᤰ̤ heldio ۿͽꤷƤޤΤǡҤԤ
ơرѸ츻ϥɥ֥å⤪˺ʤ
סظ캬dzФ ѥñҿǡӡ١ҡ2026ǯ
ˡ Ƿˡڲ ȡʴƽˡظ츻dzؤ رñϥɥ֥å١ҡ2026ǯ
߷ ͧ ɹ δˡʡ 쵮 ءʹܶϡˡرѸ츻ϥɥ֥å١ҡ2025ǯ

Dunedin ιٳ Port Chalmers Ȥ¼ر˽ФƤޤĤƤ Dunedin γȤƤ˱ɤ褦ǤǤϤ¤ޤȤİ餷¼Ǥˤϸ Port Chalmers Ĺͤ Lady Thorn äĥťबꡤ¼ηƤξȤʤäƤޤLady Thorn Rhododendron Dell Ȥߤ̾ǤǤμ̿Ǥ˷Ǥ줿ǰʸϤǺܤޤ
THIS RHODODENDRON DELL
WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1990 IN RECOGNITION OF
LADY THORN'S COMMITMENT AND SERVICE
TO THE PORT CHALMERS DISTRICT.
LADY THORN, WIFE OF SIR JOHN SAMUEL THORN,
THE MAYOR OF PORT CHALMERS FROM
1956 TO 1989, GAVE OF HER TIME AND TALENTS
IN MANY COMMUNITY ORGANISATIONS
IN THE PORT CHALMERS DISTRICT.
"A LADY WHO GAVE SO MUCH TO SO MANY"
THIS PLAQUE WAS ERECTED BY
THE PORT CHALMERS AND DISTRICTS LIONS CLUB.
θƤʪϡ֥ĥĥ㥯ʥסѸǤ rhododendron ȥꥷϤΤɤɤ4Ǥazalea ֥ĥĥפޤϡ֥ĥťפΤȤǡRhododendron °β̶ʬޤ
ꥷ rhodó- ϡ֥Хפ̣ѸϢ (combining_form) ȤƤϡ֥Х鿧֡פ̣ޤdendron ϡּڡפ̣ޤ줾ñ rose, tree Ȥ⤪餯츻Ūطꡤפ rose tree ̾餷ꥷɽΤ rhododendron ȤȤǤ
ϹˤꡤPort Chalmers ¼˾ǤȤȤǡ12ʬۤɤ Port Chalmers ξҲưäƤߤޤVoicy Υץߥꥹʡۿ helwa ǸƤޤ helwa ۿ֡ڱѸˤ #0373ۥޥۿȡ٥ȡŻҽҲꤴ


Ǥλ425˴Ԥ줿λȡΤʤǤýˤĤƤϡ#5824. ᴩؤȤФʸ18ýָäʸζ岽 --- оȸˤλס ([2025-04-07-1]) ӡ#5845. ؤȤФʸýоȸˤ鸫äʸζ岽פγͤγפҲ ([2025-04-28-1]) ǾҲ𤷤̤Ǥ롥ý1ԤͤƤƤꡤΥȥϡֱѸäζ岽 --- Ѹˤˤ륮ꥷѸפǤ롥ʲơ
1. Ϥ
ܹƤǤϱѸûˤˤ륮ꥷαƶ롥ѸäĹˤ¿θ줫ƶƤʤǤ⥮ꥷ줫μѤðۤʰ֤Ƥ롥ä˳ؽѸʳصѸˤơꥷαƶϸ˻ޤ³Ƥ롥
2. ѸΥꥷȤνв
ѸȥꥷܳŪʽв15̤롥ޤǤƥ𤷤ŪʼѤϤäľŪʼѤ϶ˤƸ¤Ƥ15ˤʤȡͥαƶǸŵؤδؿޤꡤɤǤ⥮ꥷγؽޤä
1453ǯΥƥΡץ塤¿ΥꥷؼԤ˴̿ꥷȤܿäȤطʤˤ롥λμѸˤϡůءءʸˡʤɤʬѸ줬¿ޤޤƤ
3. ѸΥꥷ줫μѸ
1618ˤƤνѸϡѸθä礭礷Ǥ롥λꥷ줫μѤŪä
ħŪʤΤϡ֥סinkhorn_term) ȸƤФ٤˳ؽŪʸäνиǤ롥ϼ˳ؼԤʸͤˤäƻѤ졤̤ο͡ˤǤäȤСadjuvate ʱ, deruncinate ʽ𤹤ˤʤɤθϸѸˤϻĤäƤʤconfidence ʿ, education ʶ, encyclopedia ɴʻŵˤʤɤνפñ⤳λƳ줿
ޤꥷͳƬanti-, hyper-, proto- ʤɡˤ-ism, -ize ʤɡˤѸθΤ˼줿ȤפǤ롥ܼϡḽˤƿǰɽ뤿ζϤƻȤʤä
4. ؽѸȿŵʣ
19ȡʳصѤȯŸȼꥷǤѤθȯ
ʬɽ -ic/-ics/-logy 㡧rhetoric, economics, philology ʤɡˤڤ¿οʬ̾Τ˺Ѥ줿ޤϢcombining_formˤѤ¤ˡΩ줿㤨Сtele- ʱ+ -phone ʲˢ telephone, micro- ʾ+ -scope ʸˢ microscope ʤɡκüѤɽѸ줬ˡǺ줿
ư -ize/-ise 㡧internationalize, modernize ʤɡˤ䡤ۤɽ -ism 㡧capitalism, socialism ʤɡˤѤ褦ˤʤä
ΥꥷǤѤ¤ˡϡŪˤ졤ʳؤιݲ礭ͳȤƤϡν𤵡Ω̩ηʤɤ롥
5. ḽζͭȤ
ǤϡꥷͳθäϱѸΤߤʤ餺¿θ˶ͭŪʻȤʤäƤ롥㤨Сcardiology ʿ¡ء, neurology ʿгء, psychology ʿءˤʤɤѸǶ̤ƻѤƤ롥
ǯΥԥ塼ʳؤѤʬǤ⡤cyber- ʥС, tele- ʱ֡, crypto- ʰŹˤʤɤΥꥷͳϢϽפ̤Ƥ롥
ޤäˤ anti- ȿ, hyper- Ķ, mega- ʵ, -phobia ʶݾɡ, -mania ǮˤʤɤΥꥷͳƬƩƤ롥
Τ褦ˡꥷαƶϱѸˤ̤Ʒ³Ū˸뤬ä˶ʹߡʳصѤȯŸȹݲǽƤ⡤ǰ䵻ѤνиȼꥷǤѤ¤³ȤǤ
6. ˡ
Ѹäζ岽ˤ륮ꥷϡŪˤʸŪˤפʸơޤǤ³
ʸǤϡ¿ñȿޤȤ߹ߤʤƤ롥ǤʩʻˡˤȤ¾μɮԤоȸŪʡ֥ĥåߡפ12äƤꡤɮԼȤˤȤäƤؤ٤뤳Ȥ¿äҤɤߤС
δֱѸäζ岽 --- Ѹˤˤ륮ꥷѸסýָäʸζ岽 --- оȸˤλס Ϻ ԡ δԡˡˡؤȤФʸ18桧ϵܸʸͤ١ܤΥҡԡˡˡǡ2024ǯ42562--73ǡ

47ε#5824. ᴩؤȤФʸ18ýָäʸζ岽 --- оȸˤλס ([2025-04-07-1]) ǾҲ𤷤ýءԤͤƤƤޤơޤϡֱѸäζ岽 --- Ѹˤˤ륮ꥷѸפǤʲƤޥɥޥåײΤޤʲȤƤɤˡ
ε#5783. ꥷϢ뼭 (connective) -o- ȥƥϢ뼭 -i- ([2025-02-25-1]) Ǽ夲 -o- ˤĤơKruisinga (II. 3, p. 7) ʤ˱ԤȤŦƤ롥
1587. In literary English there is a formal way of distinguishing compounds from groups: the use of the Greek and Latin suffix -o to the first element:
Anglo-Indian, Anglo-Catholic, the Franco-German war, the Russo-Japanese war.
Of course, this use, though quite common, is of a learned character, clearly contrary to the natural structure of English words.
Ƭ "a formal way of distinguishing compounds from groups" Ǥ롥ñǤ2¤٤硤ŪȤ߹碌ʣ (compound) ȤʤꡤŪȤ߹碌 (phrase) Ȥʤ롥̤θȡʣ12Ǥ롥ؾ¸ߤλۤʤΤŪ˲ۤʤΤȡΤ˾֤פ롥
ȯƤߤС֤ۤʤȤϤ褯Ǥ bláckbòard ʹġˤʣblack bóard ʹġˤ϶Ǥcf. #4855. ʣǧ --- blackboard ʣ black board ϶ ([2022-08-12-1])ˡֻǤ⥹ڡ뤫ݤȤ̤롥ϱΧˡˤ̤Ǥꡤζ̤Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤʣȶʬˡϡճȤʤΤ⤷ʤ
դˤΤȤ˵դƤ줿ΤΰѤäʤۤɡϢ뼭 -o- 2Ǵ֤ƤСΤ϶ǤϤʤʣǤȽǤǤ롥ޤŪʶȤˡ֤ĤʤפȤ -o- Ѥ¸ߤʤʾʤȤ⡤פ⤫٤ʤˡȡϢ뼭 -o- ϤƷŪǤǤɸǤ롤ȤȤˤʤ롥
Kruisinga, E A Handbook of Present-Day English. 4 vols. Groningen, Noordhoff, 1909--11.
#552. combining form ([2010-10-31-1]) ˤơϢη (3) ǡanthropology anthrop- -logy combining form ʤ뤬֤ˤϤޤäƤϢ첻 -o- Τˤɤ°ȤϤפȤƼ夲 -o- ȤΤϲ
رѸ츻ŵٸ츻õȡꥷˤƹʡʣˤ1Ǥ2Ǥ֡Ϣ뼭 (connective) Ȥ롥ΤˤСꥷ̾졦ƻθ촴첻ˤΤܤ롥aristocracy, philosophy, technology ˤߤ̤ꡤϥꥷǤĤʤ륱ͭä˥ƥ䤽¾νǤ־ˤѤ褦ˤʤä
̤ʣΤۤAnglo-French, Franco-Canadian, Graeco-Latin, Russo-Japanese Τ褦Ʊʴطɽ魯ʣ (dvandva) ˤ褯Ѥ롥ѸθˤǤϡμʣŪΤǤꡤʥꥷϢ뼭 -o- β̤Ϸ褷ƾʤˤĤƤϡ#4449. ꥷαѸؤΥѥȡ ([2021-07-02-1]) ȡ
ƱͤϢ뼭ȤơꥷǤϤʤƥͳ褹 -i- ⤢롥ѸäƤʣȤ omnivorous, pacific, uniform ʤɤ롥 -i- Ϻǽ2ñˤĤƤϸ촴ΰȤƤäǸθˤĤƤϤʤäΤǡϢ뼭ȤƵǽƤȤˤʤ롥
Ϣŵͳ褷եФơѸˤäƤѸˤ붦ŪȤƤϡ֤Ĥʤ첻פȤȤ館ƤƤ褤ʳѸ濴ȤƹѤ褦ˤʤäʥǤǤ롥
߷ ˧ͺԽ紴ˡرѸ츻ŵٿǡҡ2024ǯ
ε#5779. Ϣϸб빴«ǤǤ ([2025-02-21-1]) ǡϢ (combining_form) ܤ³ܤƤؿѸؼŵ٤βɤǤߤ褦
combining form ʸ͡Ϣˡʣ졤¤ȤѤ빴«Ūʰ۷֤ѸǤϸ (BASE) ȶ̤ʤꥷ졦ƥͳ褹֤ξϢȼ¸ߤΤդĤǤ롥Ϣħ鸫Ϣ㤨 philo-ˤȸϢ㤨 -sophyˤȤʬ뤳ȤǤ롥ƬΤ褦ʽʹ«ȰۤʤꡤϢϸߤˤƱΤǷ礷ꡤ뤤ܼȤ뤳ȤǤ롥
褽εҤȽŤʤ뤬ֱѸǤϸ (BASE) ȶ̤ʤפλŦӸŪˤоȸŪˤⶽ̣ѸǤϡŤʳθűѸǤ顤 (word) ñ̤ʤΤǡȤ̤˸촴 (stem) 캬 (root) ڤФŪưŤŪ夤
ФơꥷƥʤɤθŵǤϡѸ٤ƶޤ褯ĤäƤꡤȿǤơŪΩȤϰۤʤΩŪϢ¸ߤ롥
θŵϢȴϢƻפФΤϡܸΩ뤤ʤȸƤФ֤#3390. ܸ i-mutation Ȥ٤첻ء ([2018-08-08-1]) Ƴ̤ꡤ㤨С֤סˤȡ֤סˡ֤դ͡סˤȡ֤դʡסˡ֤סʱˤȡ֤ޡסʱˤΤ褦ˡΩȡʣݤѤΩ2äŪˤϲŪѲη̡2ΤθŵϢˤĤƤƱȤ뤫⤷ʤ
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
Ƭ (prefix) ݤ뤤 (suffix) ݤǤƤɤǤʤȤȾüʰ֤Ťη (morpheme) 롥Ϣ combining_form Ǥ롥ϢˤĤƤϡ#552. combining form ([2010-10-31-1]) ǿ줿ȤرѸ켭ŵ٤Ǥβ⤬ʬ䤹äΤǡϤιܤѤ
combining form ̸͡Ϣ¤ˡ (COMPOUND) Ȥ (DERIVATIVE WORD) ηѤ빽ǤOED aero- ˤϤѤ줿ȹͤ롥ϥꥷ졦ƥϤͳ褹Τ¿Ϣ philo-ˤȸϢ -logyˤ2ब롥Ϣϼͳ (FREE FORM) ʤ (WORD) ι«۷ (bound allomorph) ȤȤǤΩȤѤʤǶǤ anti ( anti-)graph ( -graph) Τ褦㳰ŪˡäƤ롥ޤϢƬ (PREFIX) (SUFFIX) ٤ựضŪǤꡤϢδطŪǤ롥ǶǤ bio-degradable (= biologically ---) Τ褦㳰ǧ롥ˡƬľܸߤϢ뤹뤳ȤʤΤФơϢϸ¾ϢΤܼۤäϢ뤹뤳ȤǽǤ㡧-morphic ( -morph + -ic)heteroness ( hetero- + -ness)ˡ
Ϣϸб빴«ǤǤפȤªϡȤƤʬ䤹
ʤˤ OED ؤθڤˤĤƤcombining form ιܤ˽ȤưʲǺܤƤ
1884 Gr. ἀερο-, combining form of ἀήρ, ἀέρα
New English Dictionary (OED first edition) at Aero-
߷ ˧ͺԡˡرѸ켭ŵ١ҡ2002ǯ
ꥷ줬ѸͿŪƶϡƥեΤ٤ȸꤹ褦˻פ뤫⤷ʤºݤˤϤ礭äΤΤȤꡤष (word_formation) Ϳƶ礭ȤäۤŬڤ⤷ʤȤ櫓Ϣ (combining_form) ѤʳطϤʣηϡꥷΰʹǤ롥
Durkin (231) ϡѸˤˤ륮ꥷαƶˤĤơ鼡Τ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥
Between C5 and C8-9, the Greek liberal arts education was revived, first by the Ostrogoths, later by the Carolingians, and Greek gained special prestige. Writers liberally sprinkled their woks with Greek words, many of which found their way into other languages of Europe, including Old English. Particularly noteworthy are the glossarial poems from Canterbury with words like apoplexis, liturgia, spasmus. Since then, Greek medical doctrine and the terms associated with it became the major part of English medical lexis . . . . More general scientific vocabulary from Greek has mushroomed since C18 . . . .
. . . .
Greek influence on English, then, is restricted to the lexicon, (limited) derivation, and compounding. Words entered English initially through Roman borrowings, then through direct borrowing from Ancient Greek writers, more recently through word formation (combining roots and affixes) in English.
ꥷαѸؤαƶˤϡ3ѥ뤤3ʳäȤޤȤƤ褤
(1) ƥͳơ
(2) ľܥꥷ줫ʶʹߡ
(3) ꥷǡפѤѸǤ¤ʶʹߡä18ʹߡֲʳѸ쿷ŵŪʣ (neo-classical compounds) 뤤ϡֱפȸƤǤ褤
ΥѥˤĤƤ⡤ꥷդ줿ҿ (prestige) ȿǤƳؽѸ¤줬ŪǤ롥ϢȤơʲ hellog ⻲ȡ
#516. ľܤΥꥷѤ15 ([2010-09-25-1])
#552. combining form ([2010-10-31-1])
#616. Ѹβʳظäȯ ([2011-01-03-1])
#617. Ѹ5ʬθä̻ʬۡ ([2011-01-04-1])
#1694. ʳظäˤƥꥷǤ˱ɤͳ ([2013-12-16-1])
#3014. Ѹˤˤ륮ꥷο¸ߴ19 ([2017-07-28-1])
#3013. 19줿ŵŪʣ ([2017-07-27-1])
#3166. ȤƤβʳѸ ([2017-12-27-1])
#3179. ֿŵŪʣפֱפ ([2018-01-09-1])
#3368. ֥ƥϡüѤλȷϩ ([2018-07-17-1])
#4191. ʳѸΰ̣νؤŤˤĤơ ([2020-10-17-1])
#4449. ꥷαѸؤΥѥȡ ([2021-07-02-1])
#5718. ꥷͳμƬϢ ([2024-12-22-1])
Durkin, Philip. Borrowed Words: A History of Loanwords in English. Oxford: OUP, 2014.
Durkin (216--19) ˤơѸäꥷͳǤƤ롥 (suffix)Ƭ (prefix)Ϣ (combining_form) ʬơ礿Τ褦ƥե줫μѸΤʤ˺äƤǤ⤢ꡤŪˤϥꥷͳǤ뤳ȤŤƤʤΤޤޤƤΤǤϤʤ
Ρ
-on (plural -a), -ter, -terion, -ma/-mat- (adj. -matic), the family of -ize/-ise (-ist/-ast, -ism, -asm), -ite, -ess, -oid, -isk, -(t)ic, -istic(al), -astic(al)
ΡƬ
a(n)-, amph(i)-, an(a)-, anti-, ap(o)-, cat(a)-/kat(a)-, di(a)-, dys-, a(n)-, end(o)-, exo-, ep(i)-, hyper-, hyp(o)-, met(a)-, par(a)-, peri-, pro-, pros-, syn-/sys-
ΡϢ
acro- "high; of the extremities", agath(o)- "good", all(o)- "other, alternate, distinct", arch- "chief; original", argyr(o)- "silver", aut(o)- "self(-induced); spontaneous", bary-/bar(o)- "heavy; low; internal", brachy- "short", brady- "slow", cac(o)- "bad", chlor(o)- "green; chlorine", chrys(o)- "gold; golden-yellow", cry(o)- "freezing; low-temperature", crypt(o)- "secret; concealed", cyan(o)- "blue", dipl(o)- "twofold, double", dolich(o)- "long", erythr(o)- "red", eu- "good, well", glauc(o)- "bluish-green, grey", gluc(o)- "glucose"/glyc(o)- "sugar; glycerol"/glycy- "sweet", gymn(o)- "naked, bare", heter(o)- "other, different", hol(o)- "whole, entire", homeo- "similar; equal", hom(o)- "same", leuc/k(o)- "white", macro- "(abnormally) large", mega- "huge; very large", megal(o)- "large; grandiose" and -megaly "abnormal enlargement", melan(o)- "black; dark-colored; pigmented", mes(o)- "middle", micr(o)- "(very) small", nano- "one thousand-millionth; extremely small", necr(o)- "dead; death", ne(o)- "new; modified; follower", olig(o)- "few; diminished; retardation", orth(o)- "upright; straight; correct", oxy- "sharp, pointed; keen", pachy- "thick", pan(to)- "all", picr(o)- "bitter", platy- "broad, flat", poikil(o)- "variegated; variable", poly- "much, many", proto- "first", pseud(o)- "false", scler(o)- "hard", soph(o)- and -sophy "skilled; wise", tachy- "swift", tel(e)- "(operating) at a distance", tele(o)- "complete; completely developed", therm(o)- "warm, hot", trachy- "rough"
ѸܥӥΤȤˤɤ
Durkin, Philip. Borrowed Words: A History of Loanwords in English. Oxford: OUP, 2014.
Ѹ <ae> ȤڥϵǤ롥2ʸȤ߹碌1ʸȤ (ligature) Ǥ <æ> ˻äƤϡȯСˤޤޤɤ̾ϤܤˤʤΰǤ encyclopædia mediæval ʤɤΥڥ̤ˤߤ줿ߤǤϹǤϤʤ2ʸʬ encyclopaedia mediaeval ֤褦ˤʤꡤꥫǤϤ⤽ <ae> Ѥ <e> ǺѤޤ encyclopedia medieval ΥڥŪǤ롥
űѸ衤<æ> <ae> Υڥ֤ƤűѸǤ <æ> ϥե٥åȤʸǤꡤ̤Ѥ줿Ȥ12--13ˤϿषб첻ñ <a> ֤褦ˤʤäcf. #3998. ʤ apple a ̤Ρ֥פǤϤʤ֥פ˶ᤤȯʤΤǤ ([2020-04-07-1])ˡ
Ȥꥷƥ줫Ѹ줬̤ή16ˡθŵ˴ޤޤƤ ai ae ѸˤƤ <æ> ʸǼޤ뤳ȤˤʤꡤХХ̤嵭Τ褦˶ḽˤƹ <æ> 2ʸ <ae> ֤ʤ뤳Ȥˤʤꡤ <e> ˴ά뤳Ȥ¿ʤꡤߤ˻롥ߤǤ <ae> <æ> ܤʤڥ̤ƤƤ (Upward and Davidson 179--80)
<ae> ΥڥݻƤΤϡۤܤ٤ƥꥷ <ai> ޤѸ졤뤤Ϥ줬ƥͳ <ae> ѲΤͳ褹ȤäƤ褤ѸǤϸŤϸ§Ȥ <ae> /eː/ бطä첻 (gvs) ФơǤ <ae> /iː/ бطŪǤ롥Carney (283) ꡤĤñ
in Greek words --- aegis, aeon, aesthetic, anaemia, anaesthetist, archaeology, encyclopaedia, leukaemia, paean, etc.;
in classical names --- Aegean, Aeneas, Aesop, Athenaeum, Caesar, Judaea, Bacchae, Mycenae, Thermopylae;
the Latin feminine plural in scientific terms --- alumnae, aortae, lacunae,, lamellae, ulnae, etc.
Ȥ<ae> <r> ³˴ؤƤȼλ𤬤ꡤ <aer> /ɛə(r)/ ΩƤ롥aeration, aerial, aerobic, aerodrome, aeronaut, aerosol, anaerobic ʤɤǤ롥ۤܤ٤Ƥꥷͳ褷μѸ졦¤ȤϢ (combining_form) aero- ޤǤ (Carney 282) 츻Ūˤ̣Ūˤ air /ɛə(r)/ ȴϢ뤿ᡤ ߤȯӤĤ줿ȤưפǤ롥ʤߤˡԵפ̣ airplane ˤĤơꥹѸǤ aeroplane θֻ
ʤܵϡMond˴줿 aerobics ʤɤƬ aero- ֥פȯΤϤʤǤ礦Ȥ䤤ʲĤƼɮؤβɤ
Carney, Edward. A Survey of English Spelling. Abingdon: Routledge, 1994.
Upward, Christopher and George Davidson. The History of English Spelling. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
Ѹûˤˤ륮ꥷ (greek) ϡƥ졤ե졤ťΥɸΤ٤ȰŪˤΩʤȤ櫓ؤ䲽ؤʤɤγؽѥ쥸˸ꤹС礭ܥ֥Ǥ͡˼夲Ƥʲ˵뵭ʤɤȤ줿
#516. ľܤΥꥷѤ15 ([2010-09-25-1])
#552. combining form ([2010-10-31-1])
#616. Ѹβʳظäȯ ([2011-01-03-1])
#617. Ѹ5ʬθä̻ʬۡ ([2011-01-04-1])
#1694. ʳظäˤƥꥷǤ˱ɤͳ ([2013-12-16-1])
#3014. Ѹˤˤ륮ꥷο¸ߴ19 ([2017-07-28-1])
#3013. 19줿ŵŪʣ ([2017-07-27-1])
#3166. ȤƤβʳѸ ([2017-12-27-1])
#4191. ʳѸΰ̣νؤŤˤĤơ ([2020-10-17-1])
Joseph (1720) ѸȥꥷŪʴطˤĤƼΤ褦ŪˤޤȤƤ롥
English and Greek share some affinity in that both are members of the Indo-European language family, but within Indo-European, they are not particularly closely related. Nor is it the case that at any point in their respective prehistories were speakers of Greek and speakers of English in close contact with one another, and such is the case throughout most of historical times as well. Thus the story of language contact involving English and Greek is actually a relatively brief one.
However, the languages have not been inert over the centuries with respect to one another and some contact effects can be discerned. For the most part, these involve loanwords, as there are essentially no structural effects . . . and in many, if not most, instances, as the following discussion shows, the loans are either learned borrowings that do not even necessarily involve overt speaker-to-speaker contact, or ones that only indirectly involve Greek, being ultimately of Greek origin but entering English through a different source.
ѸʹߤˡꥷȤ˭ʸܳŪ˱ѸäƤȤΤˤŪʥ쥸ˤŪʸݤäȤФǤϤ뤬ϤѸθ礭ʥѥȤͿȤäƤ褤üȤ encephalograph Ǿ¤ƿޡˤ夲ȡϥꥷͳ褹 encephalon Ǿ + graph ʿޡˤȤ2ĤϢ (combining_form) 鹽롥 encephalography, electroencephalography, electroencephalographologist ʤɤδϢֱѸ¦ǡ״ñ߽ФȤǤΤǤ롥
ѸˤƤǡ1,3-dimethylamino-3,5-propylhexedrine ȤäʻĶ뤬ˤΤޤصʣפ߽ФȤǤ롥ʤߤˡ˥ꥷǤΤߤʤ벽ʪ̾ΤȤ bromochloroiodomethane ʤ줬 (Joseph (1722))
ˡ⤦ŪʷΩ줫餤СꥷǤˤϡαѸθȤƤŪޤäʣ (dvandva/copulative/appositional compound) ηȤǤѸŪ˰յ롥㤨 otorhinolaryngologist ʼɡʰˤϡʸ̤ɡʡʼԡˡפΰդǤ롥
dvandva compound ˤĤƤϡ#2652. ʣ̾ΰ̣Ūʬ ([2016-07-31-1])#2653. ([2016-08-01-1]) ȡ
Joseph, Brian D. "English in Contact: Greek." Chapter 109 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1719--24.
ѥʤɤŻüˤĤˤʤ꤬ʥƥʹ֤ȵȤդ礤Ƥʹֹ (ergonomics) 䤬˹ޤäƤ롥ɴʻŵ2ǡ٤ˤСʹֹؤȤϡֿʹ֤οŪṲ̄ߤơʤɤʹ֤³Ŭ礹롤ʤĤ褦˲Ϥ뤿βʳؤסѸ ergonomics ȤƤϡOALD8 "the study of working conditions, especially the design of equipment and furniture, in order to help people work more efficiently" ʬ䤹ꥫʼﻺȤ衼åѤϫƯʳؤʸ̮ȯãؽʬǡOED ˤ1950ǯʬ̾ȤƽФƤ롥
1950 Lancet 1 Apr. 645/2 In July, 1949, a group of people decided to form a new society for which the name the 'Ergonomics Research Society' has now been adopted.
츻ϡֻŻפ̣Ϣ ergo- ˡַкѡפ̣ economics 3ʹߤݤ碌Τǡ1κ (blend) Ǥ롥Ϣ ergo- ϥꥷ̾ érgon ʻŻˤͳ褷¾ˤƥ𤷤 energy -ergy ʤɤ뤷Ƥ롥ʹֹؤ⥨ͥ륮⡤ΤˡֻŻפ˴ؤ뤳Ȥ
ꥷ érgon ̤Ȱĸ *werg- to do) Ȥ캬ˤɤĤơϱѸ work θ츻Ǥ⤢ΤĸűѸʳǤϡθ캬ư濴Ụ̄ϡֻŻ롤ƯפȤֺ롤Ԥʤפ˶ᤤΤä̤θСΤ뤳ȡԤʤȤʤŻäΤ
űѸ wyrchen (to work) βʬϤ줾 worhte, ġeworht ä15ˤ구§ worked ߤ˻롥Ť֤DzžФĤ wrought ȤƸѸ˻ĤäƤ롥a highly wrought decoration ʤ˺줿ʡˤΤ褦ѤֺפθŤ¸ƤΤʬ롥ޤ#2117. playwright ([2015-02-12-1]) Ǥߤ褦ˡֺפ̣ټ̾ wright ⡤űѸƱ캬̾ͳ褹롥
ֱѸƳ2021Τ˺رˤɽ줿ƥĤָűѸƯ --- wyrcan ¿ ---Ǥ롥ɤǡƯȤȤˤĤƺٹͤƤߤ
ɸϡ줿ǡȤƤ⤪⤷ʤȴޤΤ mini- ʤΤˡäȤȤϲȤϥĥܤĤƤȻפޤѤʵ˿ȯơäĴ٤Ƥߤޤİ
Τ mini- ϥƥǡ־פɽ魯 (combining_form) Ϣˤͳ褷Ϣˤͽ̤겿餫Ρ־פްդƤΤ¿ǤȤ mince, miniature, minimal, minimum, minion, minor, minus, minute ʤɤƤޤ礦ȤСminister ־áפȤƤ٤ȻפޤʤáפǤԻĤǤ
ºݡñ minister θϡ֡ʾ̤οͤ˻Ȥ˾Ȥ١פǤꡤͤäΤǤθ줬һաפΰ̣ĤΤֿΤ١פǤơáפޤҲǤϤȤƤΤͤǤ뤫Τ褦ʶޤŪˤϡַΤ١פˤޤǤminister еϡʤȡ礭Ρפ̣ƥ magnus Ϣޤ֤ȯã master ּ͡פǤˡ master ѷΤ mister/Mr Ȥʤ櫓Ǥ顤츻ȤϤ⤷ΤǤ
ߤǤϡ츻Ūͳˤ⤫餺 minister Τۤ master/mister/Mr ΤʤäƤޤޤ
#4145. ѸǤɤˤ뺮 ([2020-09-01-1]) ǡ (hybrid) 1פˤĤƤߤΥפ˸¤餺ϰ̤˸ʸ̤꺮ʤᡤԽפʸǤȤΥåƥŽ䤹ȤϤäƤ⡤ե졦ƥǤȱѸǤ礷Ť¸ߤ륿 (ex. bemuse, besiege, genuineness, nobleness, readable, breakage, fishery, disbelieve) Ͻʬ˱ѸäƱƤ뤿ᡤˤ
Խ뤵䤹Τϡ1920˷줿ŪʺǤ롥Ȥ amoral, automation, bi-weekly, bureaucracy, coastal, coloration, dandiacal, flotation, funniment, gullible, impedance, pacifist, speedometer ʤɤԤˤä̤˵뤳Ȥ롥μθϤȤ櫓20˳礷genocide, hydrofoil, hypermarket, megastar, microwave, photo-journalism, Rototiller, Strip-a-gram, volcanology ʤˤȤޤʤ (McArthur 490)
Fowler hybrid formations ι (369) Ǥϡ̤˵뤳Ȥ¿줬ĤƤ뤬θ³ĴҤϤϤ֤봲ƤǤꡤʤʤɤޤɾȤʤäƤ롥
If such words had been submitted for approval to an absolute monarch of etymology, some perhaps would not have been admitted to the language. But our language is governed not by an absolute monarch, nor by an academy, far less by a European Court of Human Rights, but by a stern reception committee, the users of the language themselves. Homogeneity of language origin comes low in their ranking of priorities; euphony, analogy, a sense of appropriateness, an instinctive belief that a word will settle in if there is a need for it and will disappear if there is not---these are the factors that operate when hybrids (like any other new words) are brought into the language. If the coupling of mixed-language elements seems too gross, some standard speakers write (now fax) severe letters to the newspapers. Attitudes are struck. This is all as it should be in a democratic country. But amoral, bureaucracy, and the other mixed-blood formations persist, and the language has suffered only invisible dents.
ʤϡǤʤȤ߹碌ȤǤϡѸ (waseieigo) ϤȤ֡פ˶ᤤȹͤ롥Խ뤵ɽʤǤǤ⡤ξԤϻƤ롥ơŪĹܿˤĸˤƤϡˤƼ̤ʸǤǤ⡤ϤξԤϻƤȻפǸˤĤƤϡ#3858. פֱפȤ̤θݡ ([2019-11-19-1]) ȡ
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Burchfield, Robert, ed. Fowler's Modern English Usage. Rev. 3rd ed. Oxford: OUP, 1998.
츻ΰۤʤǤȤ߹蘆äƷ줿ʣʤɤϺ (hybrid) ȸƤФ롥ɽȤƱѸˤĤƤϡ#96. ѸȥեǺ褫 (hybrid) ([2009-08-01-1]) ǡܸˤĤƤϡ#296. 轡ѸܸͿŪƶ ([2010-02-17-1]) ʤɤǵƤ¾ȤܿˤǻĹȡñʤμѤ˰ꤺǤѤƼͳ¤줹봷ȯãȤΤϼǤ롥Ѹޤ֡פ⤷ꡤΡֺפ⤷
ˤȤˤϡ褽ǤǤȤ߹碌ͤ뤳Ȥ¿㤨Сcommonly murderous ǤֻʬեǡʳѸǤǤ롥ܸΡ֤ˡפˤƤϡֲפǡ֤פܸǤǤ롥
͡ʸ줫μѤ֤ƤˤäƤϡAμѸǤȸBμѸǤȤ߹蘆ä졤ĤޤǤޤޤʤפκȤΤ⤢롥ñǤСtelevision ϥꥷǤ tele- ȥƥǤ vision Ȥ߹蘆äǤޤޤʤפκǤ롥ǤѸǤˤϰ㤤ʤ츻ؼԤǤʤ¤ΰ㤤ʤ̾ϼ̤ǤʤȤ⤢뤫ΥפκŪ٤㤤褦˻פ롥ΥפϼºݤˤϱѸäΤʤΤǤϤʤꥷƥͳ褹Ϣ (combining_form)ѤؽѸѸ㤬Ȥ櫓¿ǡ줬ǧ٤Ƥװ⤷ʤ
ʤȤפäΤϡر -philia ?ɡˤ -phobia ?ݾɡˤȤꥷͳ褹Ϣޤñᡤ֤Ƥ1ǤθĴ٤𤷤Ƥ줿ξ⡤1ǤȾͽۤȤꥮꥷǤä1/3ۤɤƥǤäȤ֥ƥǡܥꥷǡפȤʤĤСAnglophilia ʥˡcanophilia ʸˡclaustrophobia Ľ궲ݾɡˡverbophobia ñ춲ݾɡˤʤɤǤ롥ᤴ䤹פκ˸Ƥ졤ȤƤٶˤʤä
ʤؿѸؼŵ (313) ˡΥפκˤĤƼΤ褦˵ҤäϤ갷Ǥõʤ٤ˤȤɤޤäƤ
ȳηΤߤȤϸ¤ʤθܼˤĤƤߤ롧 hypercorrect (= overly correct; Gk + L), visualize (< LL visuālis + Gk -ize)
ʸͺʴƽˡؿѸؼŵ١ҡ1982ǯ
ε#4042. anti- ϡ֥ƥפ֥פ --- Ѹ˷ǼĤǤμ ([2020-05-21-1]) ơƬ anti- ˤĤƤ⤦ä³
ǽ餤СƬ anti- ŵŪ˿ʷƻΤŪѤޤ̾줫ƻȤȤ˿ʷƻä (ex. anti-social, anti-clerical, anti-clockwise) ̤̾ƻˡ̾äꤷޤ (ex. anti-missile, anti-war) ֲ餤С嵭˵褦ˡƤθˤƬ anti- 켫Τ121ϴΤΤȤƤޤǡƬϴΤˤä֤ݻ뤿 "stress-neutral prefix" Ǥȸޤ
antimony, antinomy, antiphony ʤɤǤ, Ūˤ츻ŪˤΤƬ anti- ǧ뤳ȤǤޤ2첻 /ɪ/ˤ˶ȾʬˤޤĤޤꡤƬ϶֤˰ܼŪʰ̣ôȾʬåȤǡ"stress-shifting prefix" ȸޤʤߤ antibody Ƭ12ǤϤʤˤ˶Ƥꡤ㳰ŪȤޤ20Υɥĸ Antikörper (loan_translation) ȤͿƤ뤫⤷ޤˡȾʬΩȤΩƤʤ«ǡʤ뤤Ϣ (combining_form)ˤǤ뤳Ȥ¿Τ⤳ΥפħǤޤƬ anti- ޤޤƤϤΤΡʬŪˤϰռƤ餺ΤȤƸǧƤ봶ΤħǤȤƤ崶⤢ޤ
嵭Τ褦ˡanti- ϡ?˹롤ȿפ̣ƬȤƸ˹ѤƤޤΩñϸŪʴ2ĤΥ롼פʬ줽Ǥantibiotics antibody ϡƱ anti- ȤϤäƤ⡤ŪۤʤΤǤ
anti- еƬȤäƤ褤 pro- ѥ˹ͤ뤳ȤǤޤpro-communist, pro-American, pro-student ʤɤŪ˺ŵŪֻϥϥեդˤˤƤϡƬ켫Ȥ2ȼä /ˌprəʊ/ ȯ졤stress-neutral prefix ȤƵǽޤproceed, profession, provide ʤɤΤ褦˱ѸĹ餯Ʊ崶ΤˤƤϡƬϼ夯 /prə/ ȯ졤?¦Ρ̣ΡפȤ̣ʬϤƤ餺ΤȤ1ĤΩñ̤ȲᤵƤޤʰʾ塤Quirk et al. (1543) ȡˡ
ʸ嵭2020/05/22(Fri)antimony 2˶ȵޤºݤˤϤθ1˶ȤλŦޤ̤ǤΤǾ嵭Τ褦ޤޤ antíphony ȴϢ ántiphon Ǥ϶֤ѤȤŦ⤤ޤƬˤܤƤƤϲ褷ʤȤȤ褯ʬޤ꤬Ȥޤ
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
ġˡرñؽβʳء٤ˡԸ˴ŤֺǤΩ25θΥѡġפƤ (76--77) ϡ3000?1٥αñʬϤ̡Ȥ櫓¿θ˴ޤޤѡĤФΤǤ롥ѡĤΤۤȤɤƥ䥮ꥷƬ (prefix) Ϣ (combining_form) Ǥ롥
| ΥѡĤȤΰ̣ | |
| spec(t) = | spectacleʸʪˡspectatorʴѵҡˡinspectʸˡperspectiveʻˡretrospectʲܡ |
| posit, pos = ֤ | impose碌롤ݤˡoppositeȿФΡˡdispose֤롤ʬˡcomposeʹ롤ˡexposeʤ餹 |
| vers, vert = | versusСˡadverseȿФΡʡˡdiverse¿ͤʡˡdivertžˡextrovertʳŪʡ |
| ven(t) = | conventionꡤˡprevent˸롤ͽɤˡavenue̤ˡrevenueʺˡvenueʾ |
| ceive/ceipt, cept = Ȥʤȡ | acceptʼ롤ǧˡexception㳰ˡconceptʳǰˡperceiveγФˡreceiptʥ쥷ȡ뤳ȡ |
| super- = ۤ | superbʤФ餷ˡsuperviseʴˡsuperiorʾΡˡsuperintendentʴļԡˡsupernaturalĶΡŪʡ |
| nam, nom, nym = ̾ | surnameĻˡnominateʻ̾ˡdenomination̿̾ñ̡ˡanonymousƿ̾ΡˡsynonymƱ |
| sens, sent = | sensibleʬ̤ΤˡsensitiveҴʡˡsensorʥˡsensationʴСˡconsentƱաƱդ |
| sta(n), stat = Ω | stableʰꤷˡstatusϰ̡ˡdistantΥ줿ˡcircumstanceʾˡobstacleʾ㳲 |
| mis, mit = | permitʵĤˡtransmitˡsubmitФˡemitͤˡmissileʥߥ |
| med(i), mid(i) = | intermediateΡˡMediterranean泤ˡmediocre¤ߤΡˡmediateۤˡmiddle֤Ρ |
| pre, pris = Ĥ | prisonʷ̳ˡenterpriseʻȡˡcompriseʹˡapprehend館롤ˡpredatoryῩΡʪˤ |
| dictate, dict = | dictateʽ餻롤̿ˡdedicateˡpredictͽˡcontradictꤹ롤̷⤹ˡverdictɾ |
| ces(s) = Ԥ | accessʥܶˡexcessĶˡrecessʵٷơˡancestorġˡpredecessorǤԡ |
| form = | formalʷŪʡˡtransformѷˡuniformƱΡˡformatʷˡconformʰפ |
| tract = | extractȴ衤ȴ褹ˡdistractʵ餹ˡabstractŪʡˡsubtractʰˡtractorʥȥ饯֡ |
| graph = | telegraphˡbiographyˡautographʥˡgraphʥաˡgeography |
| gen = | genuineʪΡˡgeneʰҡˡgeniusŷ͡ˡindigenousΡͭΡˡingenuityʹס |
| duce, duct = Ƴ | conductƳˡproduce߽Фˡreduceʸ餹ˡinduceʰͶȯˡseduceͶǤ |
| voca, vok = | advocateʼĥ롤ƻԡˡvocabularyʸáˡvocalΡܡˡinvokeʵˡequivocalʤޤʡ |
| cis, cid = ڤ | preciseΤʡˡexciseʺˡscissorsʤϤߡˡsuicideʼˡpesticideʻޡ |
| pla = ʿ | plainʡʿˡplaneʿ̡ʿʡˡplateʻˡplateauʹ⸶⸶֡ |
| sec, sequ = ³ | consequenceʷ̡ˡsequenceϢ³ˡsubsequentʤμΡˡconsecutiveϢ³ˡsequel³ԡ |
| for(t) = | fortressɡˡeffortϡˡenforceʼ»ܤ롤ˡreinforceʶˡforteĹ |
| vis = | visibleܤ˸ˡenvisageʿˡreviseʲˡvisualʻФΡˡvisionʻϡӥ |
ε#3165. ȤƤ conspicuous external ([2017-12-26-1]) ȴϢơƤӡֱפμդꡥѸˤϡʳؤȯŸȼӤʳѸ줬ޤ줿ΤۤȤɤꥷƥͳ褹 (combining_form) Ѥ (compounding) ˤ¤Ǥʡ#552. combining form ([2010-10-31-1])#1694. ʳظäˤƥꥷǤ˱ɤͳ ([2013-12-16-1])#3013. 19줿ŵŪʣ ([2017-07-27-1]) ȡˡ
Kay and Allan (20--21) Τ褦˥ȤƤ롥
While borrowing continues to reflect contact with other cultures, many scientific words are not strictly speaking loanwords. Rather, they are constructed from roots adopted from the classical languages. This has the advantage of a degree of semantic transparency: if you know that tele, graph and phone come from Greek roots meaning respectively 'afar', 'writing' and 'sound', and vision from a Latin root meaning 'see, look', you can begin to understand telegraph, telephone and television. You can also coin other words using similar patterns, and possibly elements from other sources, as in telebanking.
"neo-Hellenic compounds" "neo-Latin compounds" ȤƤФ嵭Τ褦ʸäϡ̣Ǥϥƥ䥮ꥷ줫μѸȤߤʤ뤫⤷ʤŬڤˡֱפ뤤ϡֱפȤߤʤΤ褤ΤǤϤʤĤñ줬ñȯ¤줵줿櫓ǤϤʤ¤ηŪѤ줿ˡǤ뤫֥ѥ줿פȸƤ֤ΤŬڤ⤷ʤ
Kay, Christian and Kathryn Allan. English Historical Semantics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2015.
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