hellogѸ˥֥     ChangeLog ǿ     ƥǿ     1 2 ڡ / page 1 (2)

reformation - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2022-02-09 Wed

#4671. ˤ֥󥦥ԻĻ [cornish][breton][welsh][language_death][celtic][sociolinguistics][reformation]

ε#4670. ˤ֥եꥸκס ([2022-02-08-1]) ˰³ (264) ֥󥦥ԻĻפꤹ1󥦥 (Cornish) ϥեꥸ (Frisian) ʾ˺Ȥǰ餫ΥƤ褦˻פ뤬ɤ

˥ͤ礹ȡΥ̥󥦥ͤϥ̥륺ͤڤΥ졤󥦥ȾΤĤ줿ơΥϥȷϤηǤ륫줫󤶤ȤȤˡƱȸɤΤȤˤ֥쥤̥֥ȥͤʬΥϻȾνפεˤʤäΥϡΤ˿षƤȬǯˤäȤФȤƾǤƤޤää٤ݤθˤΥϡˤʤäƤߤäΤǤ롥ưοʼԤˤƤߤСΥκϡ󥦥ν̱ȤȤηӤĤ餯뼫ʷ̤Ȼפ줿ηӤĤˤĤƤȿ;ϤΤʤϡ塻ǯߤ줿-ΥͭϤʥСǤäHʡƴʷ˸路Ƥ롥֤ʤ󥦥ͤϥΥؤФʤƤϤʤʤΤʤʤϥ󥦥ͤǤסά͡褦Ȥ֤ϤɤλΤΤȤ٤ȤˤĤƤε뤳ȤϤ롥κ˾Ǯ򷹤륰롼פΤҤȤӤȤ󡻡ǯ᤯˻ǤޤäΤȤФΤʤǻȤȤƤꡤ⤽˶ĤҤȤӤȤοƤȤ¤ϡܤ٤Ǥ롥ʤˤϡ饨Ȥˤإ֥饤κӤԤ⤢ۤɤǤ롥


פλϡ󥰥ɤ֥ƥμϰؤȡפ礷褦ȤǤ롥֥ƥüˤ륳󥦥⤽α¿ȤʤꡤƱϤ˱Ѹ줬ƩƤȤˤʤäθ塤󥦥ϼ¼ŪˤϻȤʤäƤޤä20ˤʤäƤϸ֤ͭ褷褦ȤƤ롤ȤΤ
#779. Cornish Manx ([2011-06-15-1]) Ǥ⿨줿褦ˡΥ󥦥ưˤϾħŪʰյʤȤ⤢롥Τ˸Ūˤ񤷤⤷ʤ̱²߽ФפȤȤΰ̣ƹͤƤ롤ǤϤ롥

ɡˡë 𡦺 ľҡˡض̸ --- 衼åѽᤰء١ҡ2018ǯ

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2021-10-12 Tue

#4551. 19 Beowulf βͤƭͳ [beowulf][oe][literature][language_myth][manuscript][history][reformation][philology][linguistic_imperialism][oed]

#4541. ƼȤ줿 Beowulf ܤΡֻȤӡס ([2021-10-02-1]) Ǥߤ褦ˡBeowulf ܤȤΥƥȤϡ"myth of the longevity of English" ϽФΩΤ˹׸ƤʸŪʺ˴Ťơ򵪸700ǯȿꤹ뤳ȤˤꡤѸȱʸؤŪȱӤ뤳Ȥˤʤä⡤ʸŪ˳Ĵι⤤ȤäƤϡäƤĤȤʤ롥
Beowulf βͤƭΡֿáפ줿Τϡ19äȤդɬפǤ롥ʤλäΤʤ㤨Х󥰥ؤϤޤä16ʤɤǤϤʤäΤWatts (52) ϡ줬19ŪʸݤǤ뤳Ȥ򼡤Τ褦Ƥ롥

As a whole the longevity of English myth, consisting of the ancient language myth and the unbroken tradition myth, was a nineteenth-century phenomenon that lasted almost till the end of the twentieth century. The need to establish a linguistic pedigree for English was an important discourse archive within the framework of the growth of the nation-state and the Age of Imperialism. In the face of competition from other European languages, particularly French, it was perhaps necessary to construct English as a Kultursprache, and one way to do this was to trace English to its earliest texts.


üŪˤСꥹϡꥹΰҿгŪ˷뤿ˡξħǤѸȤ줬Ĺͭ뤳Ȥ򡤺äƼɬפäȤȤŪ§ΩӤ OED Ի⡤19ʸ̮ΤʤǤȤ館ɬפcf. #3020. οҤȤƤӸ (1) ([2017-08-03-1])#3021. οҤȤƤӸ (2) ([2017-08-04-1])#3376. οҤȤƤαѸʸء ([2018-07-25-1]
16ˤϡˤޤΤ褦ưŤ¸ߤƤʤä16Υ󥰥ɤˤ̤δؿäϡإ꡼7ˤäƳ줿ФΥƥ塼ī򤤤˸ҤŤ뤫ƥإ꡼8ˤäΩ줿ѹ񶵲򤤤뤫ȤȤäŪΤˡΥޥīŤ󥰥ˡꥹȶʸŵˡΧѸȤǽ񤫤ƤȤŪ¤Ѥ뤳Ȥˤʤäƥ塼īϤȤ櫓פɤ֤ƤǤ뤫顤ŪʥƥȤΰˤϿŤäBeowulf Τ褦̱²ΥƥȤˤϡŪˤäƤۤɤδؿʤäȤ櫓Watts (52) ϼΤ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥

The dominant discourse archive at this particular moment of conjunctural time [= the sixteenth century] was religious. It was the struggle to assert Protestantism after the break with the Church of Rome that determined the focus on religious, legal, constitutional and historical texts of the Anglo-Saxon era. The Counter-Reformation in the seventeenth century sustained this dominant discourse and relegated interest in the longevity of the language and the poetic value of texts like Beowulf till a much later period.


Watts, Richard J. Language Myths and the History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2011.

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2021-08-07 Sat

#4485. ֺ¡ֱѸˤȸ츻פ11֥ͥ󥹤Ƚספ򽪤ޤ [asacul][notice][history][link][slide][renaissance][reformation]

轵731ڡ15:30?18:45ˡī㡼󥿡ɶˤֱѸˤȸ츻11֥ͥ󥹤ȽססꤷƤä򤷤ޤ¿˻äޤ䥳Ȥ¿ȯʵ魯ȤǤޤ꤬Ȥޤ
ϡ16αѸ줬Ƥ3ĤΡǺߡפܤޤߡѸΥ󥬡ե󥫤ȤʤäƤꡤҿؤäƤޤ400ǯۤαѸ2ήȤϤ鷺Ȥ⤤ޤ1.5ήۤɤθˤޤǤǯʾδ֡衼å˷פƤƥʤɤ٤С֤Τ褦ʸˤޤǤΥƥ̿ɤʤǡΥҥȤĤ褦˻פޤ16ϡѸˤȤäơޤ˻ߤζ줷ߤλäΤǤ
ιֺ¤Ѥ饤ɤ˸ޤʲ˥饤ɤγƥڡؤΥ󥯤ĥäƤޤΤǡʤɤˤѤ

1. Ѹˤȸ츻11֥ͥ󥹤Ƚס
2. 11󡡥ͥ󥹤Ƚ
3. ܼ
4. 1.
5. 16󥰥ɤ5ĤμҲŪѲ
6. 2. פȤϡ
7. 󥰥ɤνפȤð
8. ѤȽפͻ
9. 3. ͥ󥹤Ȥϡ
10. 󥰥ɤˤ뽡פȥͥ󥹤ζ¸
11. 4. ͥ󥹤ȽפαѸʸؤΥѥ
12. 16αѸ줬Ƥ3ĤǺ
13. 5. ѸǺ (1) - ƥ줫μΩܻؤ
14. űѸؤδؿιޤ
15. 6. ѸǺ (2) - ֻɸಽΤ⤬
16. 츻Ūֻ (etymological spelling)
17. debt ξ (#116)
18. ¾θ츻Ūֻ
19. 츻Ūֻ黿 Holofernes
20. 7. ѸǺ (3) - Τ
21. R. ɥ꡼ A Table Alphabeticall (#1609)
22. Ϣ
23. ޤȤ
24. ʸ
25. 1Loves Labours Lost
26. 211:1-9 ʡ֥Х٥סˤ Authorised Version ȿƱ

12ϥ꡼ǽȤʤޤֻ̱̿ȿפꤷ2021ǯ1023ڡ15:30?18:45˳֤ͽǤ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-03-12-1]

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2021-07-18 Sun

#4465. ֺ¡ֱѸˤȸ츻פ11֥ͥ󥹤ȽספΤ [asacul][notice][history][link][renaissance][reformation]

12ȤȤ2ǯ˳ϤֱѸˤȸ츻ץ꡼ǤäȿʤƤ뤦ˡŤƤߤСĤȤ2Ȥʤޤ11ΤΤ餻Ǥ
2ָ731ڡ15:30?18:45ˡī㡼󥿡ɶˤֱѸˤȸ츻11֥ͥ󥹤ȽססꤷƤäޤѸ줬Ūϰ̤ۤߤͽۤǤʤαѸ줬Ƥ͡ʡǺߡפܤޤؿ򤪻ꤪߤݤϰʲ̤Ǥ

16󥰥ɤǤϡͥ󥹤Ƚפϴ̯ʷǶ¸Ƥޤͥ󥹤ȼμȯϥƥ䥮ꥷؤƴ߽ФѸϤ̤ñѤ뤳ȤǸäʤ˭ˤޤפȼռιޤ꤫顤Ѹ줽ΤΤɾޤޤΤ褦̷⤹ʸDZ뤳ȤˤʤޤѸ줬褤赱Ƥ˾Ƥޤ


4--5äǤꡤ֤ΤΤȤʹ뤫⤷ޤ󤬡ѸθľܤĤʤǤŪ˼微äѸ줬ˤƸˤưҿƸ뤳ȤˤʤäΤ򿿤򤹤ˤϡܤ16ѸˤȤäƤζ줷ߤλ򿶤֤äƤȤɬפˤʤޤˤѸƸεˤĤơȰ˹ͤƤȻפޤ

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2018-05-13 Sun

#3303. 󥰥ɽפιȤ򤯤̤륺 [reformation][celtic][linguistic_imperialism][emode][welsh][wales][history][bible][book_of_common_prayer]

#3100. 󥰥ɽפˤѸϰ̤θ¦̡ ([2017-10-22-1]) ǡ16Υ󥰥ɽפˤꡤɡ륺󥦥ǤϱѸθҤϹޤäȽϰ̤ȽҤ٤륺˴ؤƤϡ#1718. Wales ˤѸˡ ([2014-01-09-1]) Ǥߤ褦ˡȵ񤬥륺줿ᡤ륺줬ݻ̤ȤʤäȤҤ٤륺ˤĤƤϡפαƶˤϰ̤ʤ줿Τݻ줿ΤɤʤΤʣʥ륺ξˤĤơʿ (27) ˲⤷Ƥ롥

طǤϡɥܤϰϻǯˡ񤪤ӵ򥦥륺ˡΧפ̲ᤵơȵ򥦥륺ϡ줫鸫ȽϤηȤʤäʤǤϡ륺ݻ˹׸Ⱦ̤ǡ륺ϽθȸʤơФ뤳ȤˤʤäϽʤȤơ¼ξͤ˻¸뤳Ȥˤʤä
ĤޤꡤϻΥ륺ˤơ륺ȵˤꡤ륺ͤ򥤥󥰥ɹ񶵲ˤȤɤƤֹ񶵲ءפѸ򹭤ֱѸءפͥ褷ƤΤǤ롥η̡Ǥϥ륺줬Ѥ졤θ¸³Ĺ줿䵧󥰥ɹ񶵲ȤƤⶵϸⶵǤһդɸݻ뤳ȤˤäơʤȤˡްĤäϸΰҿݤ줿ϥ󥰥¦ϡŪ֡פȸƤФ롥륺λ¸ϤΡŪ֡פ˰ͤäƤפˡפϡ륺򥦥륺ͤͿλ֡륺Ͻΰǰݻ줿


Ĥޤꡤפ̤ơ륺ɤФ줿ΤΡǤ̮̿ݤäȤȤ2Ĥΰۤʤפʬƹͤ뤳Ȥǡ츫̷⤷פΥ륺ؤαƶꥢǤ褦ˤʤä
420ˡ륺ˤ륦륺ϰ̤Ϥᤶޤ褷ƤȤˤʤ뤬֤äƤߤС16˾嵭ηаޤǥ륺βФ䤵˺ѤʤΤ󥰥¦ˤȤäơŪ֡פȤߤ̣狼롥

ʿ رѸ񡡡θ1500ǯˡ١̼ҡ2016ǯ

Referrer (Inside): [2019-07-26-1]

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2018-02-05 Mon

#3206. פϼΨθˤۤɴͿʤä [literacy][reformation]

Υ󥰥ɤˤơɤळȤŤ󤸤뽡 (reformation) θ岡ˤꡤΨޤäȤˤĤơ#3066. פȼΨ ([2017-09-18-1]) ǾҲ𤷤󽡶פΨװȤʤä櫓ǤϤʤͻӤǿʤ (printing) ڤ礭װäʡ#2927. סѡѸϰ̤θ ([2017-05-02-1])#2937. סѡѸϰ̤θ (2) ([2017-05-12-1]) 򻲾ȡˡ
Фнפι׸뤬ݡϸۤ礭װǤϤʤäȤФƤƤ롥षװ餢äؤμפμΨ򲡤夲ΤȤľȤľʸ¾ʸΰѤ̤ƤSchaefer (1284) Ҳ𤷤Ƥ롥

. . . counter to what may be expected from the new Christian denomination with its sola scriptura doctrine, the "Reformation, which laid so much emphasis upon the written word, did not provide for everyone to read it" (Orme 2006: 335). And in that respect there is yet another perception which has been recently corrected, namely that, in contrast to previous views, it was much less Protestantism that fostered literacy in England and elsewhere in (Northern) Europe. As Charlton and Spufford (2004: 19) state, "commercial needs for education overrode all others, both before and after the Protestant Reformation", an observation which also accounts for the yet increasing literacy in the following centuries.


ʤСΨθθưϤϡŪŪʾǮȤ⾦ŪŪʼפäȤȤˤʤ嵭ΰѸν󤲤Ƥ

Charlton, Kenneth and Margaret Spufford. "Literacy, Society and Education." The Cambridge History of Early Modern English Literature. Ed. David Lowenstein and Janel Mueller. Cambridge: CUP, 2004.
Orme, Nicholas. Medieval Schools: From Roman Britain to Renaissance England. New Haven, CN: Yale UP, 2006.

Schaefer, Ursula. "Interdisciplinarity and Historiography: Spoken and Written English --- Orality and Literacy." Chapter 81 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 1274--88.

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2018-01-27 Sat

#3197. Ѹμפʽǯɽ [timeline][history][emode][chronology][monarch][caxton][reformation][book_of_common_prayer][bible][renaissance][shakespeare][johnson]

Algeo and Pyles αѸǯɽ꡼3ƤϽѸ (153--55) ԤϽѸ1500--1800ǯȤƶڤäƤ뤳Ȥա#3193. űѸμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-23-1]) ȡ#3196. Ѹμפʽǯɽ ([2018-01-26-1]) ⻲ȡ

1476William Caxton brought printing to England, thus both serving and promoting a growing body of literate persons. Before that time, literacy was confined to the clergy and a handful of others. Within the next two centuries, most of the gentry and merchants became literate, as well as half the yeomen and some of the husbandmen.
1485Henry Tudor ascended the throne, ending the civil strife called the War of the Roses and introducing 118 years of the Tudor dynasty, which oversaw vast changes in England.
1497John Cabot went on a voyage of exploration for a Northwest Passage to China, in which he discovered Nova Scotia and so foreshadowed English territorial expansion overseas.
1534The Act of Supremacy established Henry VIII as "Supreme Head of the Church of England," and thus officially put civil authority above Church authority in England.
1549The first Book of Common Prayer was adopted and became an influence on English literary style.
1558At the age of 25, Elizabeth I became queen of England and, as a woman with a Renaissance education and a skill for leadership, began a forty-five-year reign that promoted statecraft, literature, science, exploration, and commerce.
1577--80Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe, the first Englishman to do so, and participated in the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, removing an obstacle to English expansion overseas.
1590--1611William Shakespeare wrote the bulk of his plays, from Henry VI to The Tempest.
1600The East India Company was chartered to promote trade with Asia, leading eventually to the establishment of the British Raj in India.
1604Robert Cawdrey published the first English dictionary, A Table Alphabeticall.
1607Jamestown, Virginia, was established as the first permanent English settlement in America.
1611The Authorized or King James Version of the Bible was produced by a committee of scholars and became, with the Prayer Book and the works of Shakespeare, one of the major examples of and influences on English literary style.
1619The first African slaves in North America arrived in Virginia.
1642--48The English Civil War or Puritan Revolution overthrew the monarchy and resulted in the beheading of King Charles I in 1649 and the establishment of a military dictatorship called the Commonwealth and (under Oliver Cromwell) the Protectorate, which lasted until the Restoration of King Charles II in 1660.
1660The Royal Society was founded as the first English organization devoted to the promotion of scientific knowledge and research.
1670The Hudson's Bay Company was chartered for promoting trade and settlement in Canada.
ca. 1680The political parties---Whigs (named perhaps from a Scots term for 'horse drivers' but used for supporters of reform and parliamentary power) and Tories (named from an Irish term for 'outlaws' but used for supporters of conservatism and royal authority), both terms being originally contemptuous---became political forces, thus introducing party politics as a central factor in government.
1688The Glorious Revolution was a bloodless coup in which members of Parliament invited the Dutch prince William of Orange and his wife, Mary (daughter of the reigning English king, James II), to assume the English throne, resulting in the establishment of Parliament's power over that of the monarchy.
1702The first daily newspaper was published in London, followed by an extension of such publications throughout England and the expansion of the influence of the press in disseminating information and forming public opinion.
1719Daniel Defoe published Robinson Crusoe, sometimes identified as the first modern novel in English, although the evolution of the genre was gradual and other works have a claim to that title.
1755Samuels Johnson published his Dictionary of the English Language, a model of comprehensive dictionaries of English
1775--83The American Revolution resulted in the foundation of the first independent nation of English speakers outside the British Isles. Large numbers of British loyalists left the former American colonies for Canada and Nova Scotia, introducing a large number of new English speakers there.
1788The English first settled Australia near modern Sydney.


Ѹϡ̻ŪˤϱѸŸμ郎줿ǤꡤҲŪˤϼεǽŪɸಽʤäȤޤȤ

Algeo, John, and Thomas Pyles. The Origins and Development of the English Language. 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.

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2017-11-12 Sun

#3121. ְѤȯȱѸפΤޤȤ [slide][printing][history][link][hel_education][emode][reformation][caxton][latin][standardisation][spelling][orthography][asacul]

ѸˤˤѤȯΰյˤĤơ饤 (HTML) ˤޤȤƤߤޤɤϰʲ̤Ǥ

1. ƥ٥륯ˤѤΡֲɡסʡȯפǤϤʤ
2. ѤϡפͻӤǶȤƤαѸƬ岡
3. ѤϡֻɸಽˤαƶͿ

ܺ٤ϳơΥڡܥ֥εƼؤΥ󥯤˭٤ĥäƤޤ

1. ѤȯȱѸ
2.
3. (1) ѤΡȯ
4. ѡʤˡˤ
5. Ϣǯɽ
6. Johannes Gutenberg (1400?--68)
7. William Caxton (1422?--91)
8. (2) ȤƤαѸ
9. פȰѤͻ
10. ռβ
11. (3) ֻɸಽؤι׸
12. ְѤƳֻɸಽʤؤε
13. ֻɸಽϤޤǴ˿ʹԤ
14. ޤȤ
15. ʸ
16. : Prologue to Eneydos (#337)

¾Ρ֤ޤȤ᥹饤ɡפȤơ#3058. ֱѸˤˤ¤ΰյפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-09-10-1])#3068. ֽפȱѸˡפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-09-20-1])#3089. ֥ꥫΩȱѸפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-10-11-1])#3102. ֥ꥹȶȱѸפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-10-24-1])#3107. ֥ΥޥȱѸפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-10-29-1]) ɤ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-07-19-1] [2017-12-17-1]

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2017-11-10 Fri

#3119. סвηҳ٤ [printing][history][reformation][age_of_discovery]

16Ƭ˰Ѥ̤ʸŪϷפꤷʤإ˥åˡ (431) ϡɸˤ褦ˡסвηҳ٤ѤȤƤΰѤܤƤ롥

ѤڤˤȤʤѥեåˤȤɤޤ餺׼Ԥˤ⡤ƥǤϤʤ줬Ȥ褦ˤʤä륿ξ硤1518?21ǯ4ǯ֤˥ɥĸ56%ä22?26ǯ5ǯ֤ˤ87%ؤȵƤ롥
ǿӤȡɥĸγϤ줾74%93%ˤʤꡤɥĸǤμפޤޤޤäƤȤ狼롥٤ͤȼԤ⡤狼䤹ɥĸˤǤʤȤ餫Ǥ롥Ȥ˥륿ɥĸϡɥĸߤȤˤʤäȤ롥
ϡλ礦ۤȤƤзˤ⹥ԹäĤˡŵꤷ줬ɤϤǤ򤵤졤Ʊκ۷褬뤳Ȥϡۤͭˤ뤿礫ȤǤʤäǤ롥
ưѤҳưˤΤäϤ˹ꡤۤμʤʸãΤѤ褦ˤʤäܤˤ1590ǯŷȼäƵ񤷤仡ե˥㡼Τˤäư졤۶ưϤȯˤ饭ꥷǤȤΰʪϡܸɤߤ̣ϤƤ롥


Ȥι˴ŤˤĤơѤ3ˤ褦ˡֻۤͭˤ뤿˷礫ȤǤʤäפȤϽפ#2858. 1492ǯڥαɸ ([2017-02-22-1]) Ǥ⿨줿褦ˡȡˤˤȤäơָפäΤǤ롥Ѥ佡ʤɤʸ̤ϤвȤä̤ˤȵڸ̤⤿餷ȤǤʤ
Ϣơ#2927. סѡѸϰ̤θ ([2017-05-02-1])#2937. סѡѸϰ̤θ (2) ([2017-05-12-1])#3066. פȼΨ ([2017-09-18-1])#3100. 󥰥ɽפˤѸϰ̤θ¦̡ ([2017-10-22-1]) 򻲾ȡ

ɰ졤¼󡤷ź ʸ ԡˡإ˥åˡ١̼ҡ1994ǯ

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2017-10-27 Fri

#3105. tithe tenth [numeral][doublet][history][reformation]

ɸ2ϡ10ʬ1פǤꡤֽʬΰǡפθȯŸ츻Ūˤ̩ܤʴطˤ2Ÿ (doublet) Ǥʡ#1724. Skeat ˤ2Ÿ ([2014-01-15-1]) ε American Heritage Dictionary tithe ߤ򻲾ȡˡ
ε#3104. ʤninthʥʥ󥹡ˤ e Ϥʤ󤹡פ͡ ([2017-10-26-1]) ǡninth űѸθ2ܤ n æ nigoða ȤǤȽҤ٤tenth ˴ؤƤƱͤǤꡤ tīen(e) (West-Saxon), tēn(e) (Anglian)ФƽǤ n tēoþa (West-Saxon), tēogoþa (Anglian) ʤɤѤ줿 Anglia tēogoþa ˲Ф tithe ȤʤꡤѸʹߤ˼Ѥ줿MED tīthe (n.(2)) 򻲾ȡˡ
tenth ϡѸǴη֤Ȥ˵§Ū˷줿ʷ֤ǤMED tenth(e 򻲾ȡˡ
tithe ϡֽʬΰǡפ̣̾ȤƤϡ1200ǯ˽Ф롥衼åѤǤϡ5ʹߡꥹȶ񤬿̤˼νʬΰǼǤ׵᤹褦ˤʤäƤ8ϥե󥯲ꥹȶ̤˲ݤǤȤʤä񤬶̱ʪνʬΰŪħ褦ˤʤäΤǤ롥9ʹߡħ϶񤫤餷Ф¯μؤϤꡤ18--19ѻߤޤ³
䤳Ȥˡ󥰥ɤǤϡޡȥåԤ޶ĤФǼֽʬΰǡסʤ٤ tenthˤȸƤФƤפβǡHenry VII ϶ĤˤǤϤʤ񲦤Ǽᤵ褦׵ᤷ٤Ȥ夷ˡԻ˲ݤIJǤ tenth ʽʬΰǡˤȸƤФ줿Τǡؤ䤳ʿ桤p. 16ˡ
椬ξǤ10%ˤʤȤȤǤС tithe ȸƤ֤٤ tenth ȸƤ֤٤

Τҡؿ⡡ƥ塼īˡ١Ͻн˼2011ǯ

[ | ѥڡ ]

2017-10-22 Sun

#3100. 󥰥ɽפˤѸϰ̤θ¦ [reformation][book_of_common_prayer][bible][celtic][linguistic_imperialism][emode]

#2927. סѡѸϰ̤θ ([2017-05-02-1])#2937. סѡѸϰ̤θ (2) ([2017-05-12-1])#3066. פȼΨ ([2017-09-18-1]) ϤȤ reformation ΤĤεǡ16Υ󥰥ɽפѸϰ̤夵ˤĤƹͤƤפˡפʤ͡ˤȤäơŪʸҤäƥŨǤꡤषѸɥĸʤɳơ (vernaculars) Ż뤵٤Ȥʷϵ줿16ˤĤǤ줿αꡤ1549ǯ Thomas Crammer ˤ The Book of Common Prayer ʱѸ쵧ˤԻꡤפ줿Ѹϰ̤Τ˹׸ʡ#1427. פʱ˴ؤǯɽ ([2013-03-24-1])#1472. ͥ󥹴θŪ ([2013-05-08-1])#2597. Book of Common Prayer (1549) ([2016-06-06-1]) 򻲾ȡˡ
Τ褦ʱѸϰ̤θϡѸȤ륤󥰥ɤ¿ο͡ˤȤäƤϯä󥰥ɤμǥȤθ졦ʸݤäƤɤˤȤäƤɬϯǤϤʤä (70) ϡդλ˿ʤ齡פȱѸϰ̤θˤĤƤ롥

ϥ󥰥ɤնϰˤɤΤ褦ˤƽפդ뤫Ȥ礭ȤäƤɥɼνפϡѸǤʤѸ쵧禱ƳȤʤäƤᡤɡ륺󥰥Ǥ⥳󥦥ʤɤαѸȰۤʤ줬ѤƤϰۤɤƳˤϺ񤬤äȹͤ롥
󥰥ζ趵Ǥϥ졼ȡХ֥Ф붵̱δؿѹ⤯礭ʽʪμϤ˿꤬ͤǤۤɤǤäȤȥåοĤˤȤäƺǤפʥƥϡԤ٤ʶ͡ꤵ줿Ǥä̱οĤ̲˸Ȥߤʤ줿ץƥȤϥ衼åѳϤ˸ϸǤοդ뤳Ȥ


դΤϡɡ륺󥦥ʤɤαѸȤʤϰˤƤ⡤Ѹ䵧Ƴ줿ȤǤ롥Ĥޤꡤϰο͡ˤȤäƤߤСפɬָϸǤοդ뤳ȤפʤäΤǤ롥ˤȤäƤϡθ줬ƥ줫ѸإեȤˤǤȤǤϲѲʤä󥰥ɤνפϡΥȷϤο͡ˤȤäơޤˤƥβĤäƤ줿Ԥ⤷ʤ󥰥ɤˤѸβĤ⤿餷ԤǤ⤢ä
(85) ۩֥֥ƥˤ뽡פϡѸȤλѤ򿮶Ĥξǵ̳Ť뤳ȤˤĤʤäᡤθΥȷϽλѾˤ礭ʱƶͿΤȤסѸŪʤϡѸ줬Ȥʤä20--21ͭΤΤǤϤʤ᤯16餽˨꤬줿Ȥ

Τҡؿ⡡ƥ塼īˡ١Ͻн˼2011ǯ

Referrer (Inside): [2018-05-13-1] [2017-11-10-1]

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2017-09-20 Wed

#3068. ֽפȱѸˡפΤޤȤ᥹饤 [reformation][renaissance][bible][emode][lexicology][slide][history][link][map][hel_education][asacul]

Ѹˤˤ뽡פΰյˤĤơreformation γƵǹͤƤǤȤơֽפȱѸˡפΤޤȤ᥹饤 (HTML) ɤ  *  *
15礫ʤ륹饤ɤǡܼϰʲ̤ꡥ

1. פȱѸ
2.
3. פȤϡ
4. Ūط
5. 󥰥ɤνפȤð
6. ͥ󥹤Ȥϡ
7. 󥰥ɤˤ뽡פȥͥ󥹤ζ¸
8. ѸʸؤΥѥ
9. ץƥƥγ
10. űѸ츦γ
11. äᤰ
12. Ϣ
13. ޤȤ
14. ʸ
15. 䡧11:1--9 ʡ֥Х٥סˤζḽ8ܿƱ

̤Ρ֤ޤȤ᥹饤ɡפȤơ#3058. ֱѸˤˤ¤ΰյפΤޤȤ᥹饤ɡ ([2017-09-10-1]) ⤴

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2017-09-19 Tue

#3067. άǯɽ [timeline][reformation][history]

ǯϽ500ǯ롥1517ǯ1031륿åƥ٥륯ξ붵ˡ95վפŽפϤޤäȤ롥ʲˡ (122--25) ˤֽάǯɽפƸ衼åΤ˴ؤǯɽ󥰥ɤ䥹åȥɤμפʻޤޤƤʲǼˡפȱѸʻˡˤδطθݤΤȤˤɤ

148311.10ޥƥ󡦥륿?1546.2.18.
14841.1ҡĥ󥰥?1531.10.11.
14884.21ҡե󡦥եåƥ?1523.8.29?
15097.10󡦥?1564.5.27
15162.饹ॹع
15164.16ĥ󥰥ꡤ󥸡ǥƻλһʺפȤʤ
151710.31륿95վפȯɽ
15191.1ĥ󥰥ꡤ塼ҤλһʺפȤʤ
1519 饹ॹإѥ饯졼ꥹȶůظδñܤȤƽ
15196.27--7.17饤ץĥƤ
15206.15륿Фҳļּ衤ΩơפФ
15208.륿֥ꥹȶβˤĤơɥḺ́Υꥹȶ²Ϳ
15209.28եåƥإɥḺ́νʬͿʾ
152010.륿ֶΥХӥˤĤơ
152011.륿֥ꥹȼԤμͳ
152011.ɥijϤǥ륿νʪƤ
152012.10륿綼ļ񡤶ˡʤɤνҤƵ
15211.3ļ֥޶Ĥˤդ路פˤ륿礵
1521ֿο֡סʥѥեåȡ
1521 ե롦ǥ֥롤⡼Dzױư
15214.17륿ॹIJ˾
15215.26륿ॹļˤ
1521 顼ʥϡإꥹȤμȥꥹȤμ
15229.եåƥ󡤥å󥲥񵳻ΤȤȤˡȥ꡼ʶ򹶷⤷Ԥʵ
15231.29塼ҤƤ
15236.ĥ󥰥67վιֲڡ
152310.26塼ҤƤ
1523/24 륷奿åȡߥǤˤƵ޿Ūפ»
1524/25 ɥ̱
15251.塼ҹٳΥĥꥳ¼ǡɱư
15261.ޥɥ꡼ɾ
15265.21--6.8Сǥ󽡶ƤʥǥॹIJ
15265.22ե󥽥Ĥȥ˥åƱ̾
15268.ϡ襤
15268.󥷥ѥIJ񡤽פ˼ͳͿ
15271.եꥯޥġޥˤŮ
1527 衼ϥֽ仡ԤΤηפȯ
15275.뷳Ϋå
152712.塼ҡ󥹥Ĥȡ֥ꥹȶԻƱ
15281.٥Ƥ񡤥٥󽡶פƳơ֥ꥹȶԻƱפز
15282.֥ѥåפ
15294.22󥷥ѥIJ񡤥ॹļκƻܹ
15294.ȥꥢΥȥåˮȡ֥ꥹȶϢסʥĥաƱ
1529 롼顼ʥϡΧˡʡ
15295.켡ڥ
15298.3֥
15299.26--10.15
152910.1--3ޡ֥륯̡륿ɤȥĥ󥰥ɡǰפ
152911.4--1536.4󥰥ɤǡֽ׵IJ׾
15301.֥ꥹȶԻƱפ˥ȥ顼֥륯
15306.֥륯IJ񡤡֥֥륯Ĺפϯ
15308.å֥ȥå
153011.른պƵᤵ졤ɥظ»
15312.27ޥ륫ǥƱ
153110.󼡥ڥ衤ĥ󥰥
15348.ʥƥǡ顤Ω
153410.17--18ʸ
153411.󥰥ɵIJֹ񲦻ˡ
1535 إǥٴ
15357.6ȥޥ⥢跺
15362.7͡٥Ʊ
15362.26쥹Ĺ
15363إꥹȶס
15365.21͡Ƴ
15365ɥĤʡɤȥ륿ɤΤˡ֥åƥ٥륯׿Ω
15367󡤥͡ǽױư˻
15371.ֶȿ˴ؤ
15384.23󡤻̱ηˤԻԳ
15396.ϻվˡꡤʥ졼ȡХ֥ˡٴ
15399.֥ɥ졼ȿؤ
15419.13󡤥͡ص
154111.֥͡§פ
1545 ƥ硤͡
1546/47 ޥ륫ǥ
15471.28Ѳإ8
15474.24ߥ塼٥륯襤衼ϥ󡦥ե꡼ɥκˤʤ
15473.31ʩե󥽥
15486.֤夿ץ֥륯IJ񡤡ֲ
1551 󡤥ࡦܥ륻åͽ
1552 衡륫5
155310.27ߥ롦ȥʲ
1558 ΥåؽδȿФåѤκǽιĤ
15559.֥륯ʿ
1559 ͡ǥߡ
15594.ꥢν롤ȡ֥쥸µ
15595.֥ե󥹿Ĺ
15603.15--16ܥα
15608.֥åȥɿĹ
15623.楰ΡϤޤ
1566 ֵǯ
15711.󥰥ɡֻվˡ
15728.23󡦥ХƥߤεԻ
15737.֥֡˥βײɤϥ顦ʤɤԻԤҼǧ
15787.ֵΧˤν
15791.23ȥҥƱ
15885.֥Хꥱɤץѥ̱˪
15888.ڥ̵Ũ⥤󥰥ɤ
15898.3Ż졤ꡦɡ֥ܥ󤬥4Ȥ¨
1593 ֹ񶵴Խȳס֥ԥ塼꥿ȳˡ
15984.13ʥȤβ
16094.9Ω衤ȥڥ󤬥ȥڥǡǯ
161811.ɥȥҥȲġۥޥ륹ɤŪ
164810.ȥեꥢ


°졡ؿ⡡ס١Ͻн˼2010ǯ

[ | ѥڡ ]

2017-09-18 Mon

#3066. פȼΨ [reformation][literacy]

פϡΨ˱ƶͿȤ롥#2927. סѡѸϰ̤θ ([2017-05-02-1])#2937. סѡѸϰ̤θ (2) ([2017-05-12-1]) Ǥߤ褦ˡפȰѤγѤͻӤǿŸǤ롥ºݡפǤ16ƬƱȤ٤ȡΨä褦ŪʼΨ뤳Ȥ񤷤͡ʿפäŦƤ롥
(40--42) ϡɥĤ衼åΤ˴ؤƼοפҲ𤷤Ƥ롥פˤС16ΥɥĤǤ3--4%ԻǤ5%ۤɤä1600ǯΥϥ֥륯Ǥ10%餽οܤο͡ʸΤäƤȤޤ衼åΤˤĤƤ⡤16ˤԻǼΨ50%᤯ˤʤäƤȤ⤢롥͡ʿפơ (42) ϡȲȤơֽϻƬɤ߽񤭤ǤҤȤϸޥѡȰʲäνˤʤȡԻǤϻޡѡȶ᤯ޤǾ徺פȤѤƤ롥
ΨäȤϤߤʤɤȤˤϤۤɱ󤤾֤Ǥ롥Τ褦Դʼ䤦ˡפοɤϡǵβɤΤ褦ʡֽɽפԤʤäꡤκҤDzǿ͡ؤ褦ȤΥǥάդơɥĤۤϰǽפŸƤäΤǤ롥
ʤϲä1900ǯΥ衼åѤμΨˤĤƤ⡤Τ褦ʿפ礤˽ФƤΤǾҲ𤷤Ƥְ塻ǯץ󡦥ɥĤμΨȬȬѡȡȥꥢϼѡȡե󥹤ȬѡȡꥢϸѡȤǤסʱġp. 42ˡ̤˥衼åѤμδϴŤʬ̾ɤ߽񤭤Ǥ٤ǤʸΤäƤȤߤʤ줿Τǡ餫ɾɬפϤꤽ

ʰ졡ؽפο¡ȥåȥץƥȤμҲˡ١̼ҡҹ̼Ҹ忷ӡ2004ǯ

[ | ѥڡ ]

2017-09-16 Sat

#3064. Sir John Cheke Υꥷȯ [greek][bible][orthography][spelling_reform][reformation][webster][pronunciation]

ε#3063. Sir John Cheke αѸ ([2017-09-15-1]) Cheke θŪ˾ƤѸ˾塤Cheke ϤΤۤˡֻˤؤäƤ뤳ȤΤƤcf. #1940. 16ֻԤη ([2014-08-19-1])#1939. 16ˡᤰ ([2014-08-18-1])ˡƤ⤦1ġCheke ϥꥷȯˤĤơҲŪʰյȤͭ̾Ǥ롥
ꥷȯäƤϡοʸ Desiderius Erasmus (1466?--1536) Ƶ󼨤ƤΥꥷβɤǤϡۤʤ첻֤ƤƤƱ褦ȯȤäErasmus Ϥ줬ĤƤϰۤʤ첻ɽ路Ƥ˰㤤ʤȿ¬ȯʤΤä Dialogus de recta latini graecique sermonis pronuntiatione (1528) 󼨤
Cheke ŰŪ˸ŵꥷȯ򸦵椷ƤCheke ϡ1540ǯ˥֥åؤΥꥷ춵ȤʤäƤ顤ŪʥꥷȯϸǤȤƲפɬ⤤֥åĹ Stephen Gardiner פä1542ǯ˲ȯؤΤǤ롥ѥǤ Erasmus βȯʸˡΰüפȤƶػߤ줿ȯݻ뤳ȤǸҤꤿ¦Υȥå¤ȯزפ褦ȤȿŪʥץƥȤ򲡤ĤȤޤǤ롥
Gardiner ϲ򶲤ƤΤKnowles (68) Ѥ롥

   It is difficult to believe that Gardiner was threatened by sounds and the study of pronunciation. What did present a threat, and a serious one, was the precise study of texts. This point had been understood by the Lollard translators. The Bible was at this time increasingly proclaimed by reformers as the ultimate authority, and, the more scholarly and accurate the written text, the more effectively it could be used to challenge the traditional oral authority of the church.
   Gardiner was extremely conservative not only in language but also in politics and religion. When, after 1553, Queen Mary sought to return the English church to Rome, Gardiner was her lord chancellor; and in this capacity he played a role in the burning of heretics, and one of his potential victims --- had he not recanted --- was Sir John Cheke. After Gardiner's death in 1555, Cheke published the correspondence between himself and Gardiner under the title Disputationes de pronuntiatione graecae linguae. What is important and perhaps surprising in this story is that the study of pronunciation could be regarded as a political issue.


ѤκǸǻŦƤȤꡤλǤ⤷ΤϡȯλȤ٤꤬ȽˤޤȯŸȤˤƤϡ1뤤1Τ̿äƤȤºݤˤꤦ롥ˤ⤷ˤ
colourcolor Ȥ뤳Ȥʤֻפʤ Noah Webster ⡤Ωꥫؤΰ񿴤˶ợ̿ƤΤǤϤʤä

Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2017-07-02 Sun

#2988. Wycliffe θ [wycliffe][bible][reformation][me_text][literature]

14Ⱦ Wycliffe ʰˤˤϡѹˤˤΤߤʤ餺ѸˤˤƤפʤǤȤǤ롥ƥ츶ŵ鴰ȤƽΤΤǤꡤϤ뤫ꤷֽספΤΤä
Wycliffe ϡˤα褦Ȥθ夬Wyclif's Treatise, De Officio Pastorali (Chapter 15) ˸롥ѸƥȤιɤŬƤսȻפΤǡCrystal (198) ˷ǺܤƤ빻ƥȤѤ褦

Also the worthy reume of Fraunse, notwithstondinge alle lettingis, hath translated the Bible and the Gospels, with othere trewe sentensis of doctours, out of Lateyn into Freynsch. Why shulden not Engliyschemen do so? As lordis of Englond han the Bible in Freynsch, so it were not aghenus resoun that they hadden the same sentense in Engliysch; for thus Goddis lawe wolde be betere knowun, and more trowid, for onehed of wit, and more acord be bitwixe reumes.
   And herfore freris han taught in Englond the Paternoster in Engliysch tunge, as men seyen in the pley of York, and in many othere cuntreys. Sithen the Paternoster is part of Matheus Gospel, as clerkis knowen, why may not al be turnyd to Engliysch trewely, as is this part? Specialy sithen alle Cristen men, lerid and lewid, that shulen be sauyd, moten algatis sue Crist, and knowe His lore and His lif. But the comyns of Engliyschmen knowen it best in ther modir tunge; and thus it were al oon to lette siche knowing of the Gospel and to lette Engliyschmen to sue Crist and come to heuene.


ҤΤǤ롥٤Υե󥹤ǤʤƤǤϤʤޤ󥰥ɽ̱ˤȤäƤ⡤ѸΤۤ򤷤䤹ǤϤʤβ桹ˤȤäƤϼ¤ͳŤ14Υ󥰥ɤǤϡιͤϰüüä
ˡλˤϡŪʰü⤵뤳Ȥʤ顤⾰ʥƥȤɮΤ˱ѸäƤȤȼΤޤΩȤϤʤäƤʤäƱΥ硼ʸؤѸǽ񤤤櫓켫ΰǤꡤ¸äȤͤ롥ˤ뤬ֱѸǽ񤯡פȤ԰٤ǤʤäȤϡΩĽѸǤ⤽ä³ѸǤꡥϢơ#2861. Cursor Mundi ԤѸǽ񤤤ͳ ([2017-02-25-1])#2612. 14˥ե󥹸ǤϤʤѸǽ񤳤Ȥ櫓 ([2016-06-21-1])#1407. Ѹ3Ĥ ([2013-03-04-1])#2580. Ѹιռʳ ([2016-05-20-1]) ⻲Ȥ줿

Crystal, David. The English Language. 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 2002.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2017-06-08 Thu

#2964. calling ŷ [reformation][german][bible][semantic_borrowing]

Ѹ calling ϡʼĥä쥸ǡŷȡפ̣롥ư call ̾ȤơָƤ֤ȡפθǤϽѸ줫ʸڤ뤬ŷפθ16ȾΤȤǤ롥OED ˤȡθ (8c) Ǥνϰʲ̤ꡥ

c. A profession devoted to the service of God; an office or position within the church. Hence in extended use: any profession or way of life which a person feels called or destined to pursue.
. . . .
1544 R. Tracy Supplycacion to Kynge Henry VIII sig. Bviiiv, As the byshop is ignorante in Godes worde, so he admytteth suche as be vnlerned in Gods worde, evyn suche as by noo possybylite can execute the office of their callinge.


ֿˤ뾤פǤ뤫顤ȷӤĤƤɽǤ뤳Ȥͽۤ롥ºݡ㤨 KJV 1 Cor. 7.20 ˡ"Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called." ȸ롥
ֿˤ뾤פŷפؤΰ̣ѲϡѸ calling Τߤʤ餺ɥĸ Beruf ˤ⸫롥䡤ΤˤСɥĸọ̇ѲбѸ˵ڤȤ٤Ǥ롥Ĥޤꡤΰ̣ (semantic_translation) beroepǥޡ kaldǥ kallelse ƱͤǤ롥
ɥĸϤȤ륲ޥǤΰ̣Ѳϡ16Υ륿ˤ뽡פȴˤƤϹͤʤץƥƥȤ礭ʼҲưȤȼΰ̣ѲζưԤǤ롥ޥåС̾إץƥƥȻܼ (96--97) ꡤBeruf θˤĤƲ⤷սѤ褦˵ǼƤˡ

ơֿ̡ȡפ̣ͥɥĸΡ֥٥롼աסBerufԤȤΤˡޤƱ̣礤ıѸΡ֥󥰡סcallingԤȤΤˤƤˡ뽡Ūʡ餢줿̿ (Aufgabe) ȤǰȤƤꡤġξˤθ򤪤Фۤɡ줬ˤʤäƤ뤳ȤϸȤ̻¤⡤θŪˤĤޤޤʸ̱θˤ錄äɵ椷ƤߤȡޤΤꤦΤϡȥå̤ͥʽ̱²ˤ⡤ޤŵξˤ⡤줬¯Ūʿȡʤϰ̡ϫƯΰȤ̣礤򤳤ƻȤäƤBerufԡŷפȤθĴĤ褦ɽ򸫽ФȤǤʤΤˡץƥȤͥʽ̱²ξˤʤ餺줬¸ߤ롤ȤȤΤꤦΤϡξ粿餫̱²ŪȤС֥ޥ̱²פθȤäΤͿƤΤǤϤʤơषθȤ줬ĸߤΰ̣礤ͳ褷Ƥꡤ⸶ʸǤϤʤԤͳ褷ƤȤȤåǤϡޤ֥٥󡦥ηáס̵ŵΰͤΰĽʰˤǸȤޤäƱ̣ѤƤ褦˻פ롥θޤʤθϡץƥȽ̱²¯ѸΤʤǸߤΰ̣Ĥ褦ˤʤäƤäˤϤ̱²¯Ūʸɤˤ⤳˨ϤޤäǧʤŪʸǤ⡤Τꤦ뤫ꡤɥĿȤΰͤΤۤˤϤǧ뤳ȤǤʤοȤåˤܤƶϼΤΤȤ


礭ʸŪ郎ʸΰ̣ѲǤ롥

ޥåСˡ ͺˡإץƥƥȻܼ١ȽŹ1989ǯ

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2017-05-12 Fri

#2937. סѡѸϰ̤θ (2) [reformation][printing][medium][history][religion][latin][german]

[2017-05-02-1]ε˰³ƤꡥαѸ˾ˤϡԤɥĸˤˤ𶷤򸫤ƤΤᤤȤΤϡפѤɥĤˤƻϤޤä׼ԥ륿 (Martin Luther; 1483--1546) ȡΩĻγǰѤȯԥƥ٥륯 (Johannes Gutenberg; 1400?--68) λǤ롥
륿Υɥĸ (1521) ¯ɥĸϰ̤᤿¤ˤĤơ (35--36) β

륿ϡɥĸˤǤפʰ֤Ƥ롥ɥĸˤϡ¿ͤ¸ߤŪʶ̸ϤޤƤʤä륿ϡ˺ݤơ򤳤餷ʣɽǤϤʤäդ¿Ѥάϡ˼ǻȤƤˡΧθդǤʤ̱θ󤷤ˤ˭ɽȴơ¿Ѥ륿θդϡ߽Ф줿ΤǤϤʤƤɥĤΤ٤ƤθŪη󤷤褦Ǥä륿ϡïˤǤ狼ߤΤǤ롥Τ褦˽뤳Ȥˤäƥ륿ϡΤ̱Ω褦ȳƮ륿ϡʤȤƻԾ̤㤵졤̲ɤޤ뤿νʪȤʤäʹߥ륿Υɥĸϡɥĸؤ֤̱ζȤư졤ɥʸؤθΰĤȤʤꡤȤƤΥɥĸΩ˴ͿȤϴְ㤤ʤױư˲äƶŵǤ¯λѤ¥ʤΤǡ̤ȤƤΤȤǤϻŪǤäƥλϰϤᡤ¯ϰ̤뤳Ȥ˷Ҥäޤ륿ϡƥʤɤαˤʱƶͿΤǤ롥


륿ϡ¯ɥĸǽ񤫤뤳ȤˤäơưȻפƤƥθҤ򶼤Ȥˤơɥĸ˾礭ʰյͭƤ롥ˡΤȥåθҤȷӤĤ졤Ūϰ̤³ƥθҤŪ˱Ϥ᤿ΤǤ롥αƶϤ˶ٹؤ⹭ꡤ󥰥ɤˤƤ¯줿Ѹؤ˴褵졤ƤȤˤʤäꤷǰϥƥ٥륯ȯȾФơƻ˾Ϥᡤפ٤붯ϤʿϤȤʤäɥĸƱ͡ѸƥйҤȤɤθȤǧ褦ˤʤäƤ
ʾ (41) θդǤޤȤ褦

ױưͻʺ׼濴Ǥơŵ˰͵򤷤¯ǤȤˤäơ̱ˤȤäľܿ뤳ȤΤǤȶ¸ߤؤƤβḢ¯ͤ˳줿ϡ٤ƤμҲؤ˿ƩǮɤޤϤ᤿ΤǤ롥η̽פϡ衼åѤζˤƥθҤ㲼񤭸դȤƤ¯ϰ̤ᡤɸη˴Ϳƥ٥륯γǰѤȯΤ褦ư岡


 ʡ֥ɥĽ״ˤȶƱΡסƥȤȶƱΡ١ʸԡ2017ǯ29--42.

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2017-05-02 Tue

#2927. סѡѸϰ̤θ [reformation][printing][medium][history][religion][latin]

󥹥 (230) ϡػˡ٤10ϡְȽספˤơѤȤǿƥΥפưȤˤĤơΤ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥

ϽפοҤȤäۤۤɿ¤˶ᤤפάȤưѤϤƤαưäפä餳Ϥλˡξȯ줿ΤĤޤȤ衼åѿͤϰ¤ˡ⡤°Ħ⡤¤⡤Ħ줿˥󥯤Ĥƺˡ⡤֤ޤΤäƤơεˤʤСĤǤưǰϤ줿κ俷ۤѲؤߵ᤬ʨ֤äƤɥĤǰȯ줿Τ϶ǤϤʤץƥȤνױưˤϡοƥΥβǽľŪ򤹤ϤäΤץƥȤϹߤ˰Ȥʤ衤󥿡ͥåȤδޤޤǡϤ뱿ưȿμܤȤƤεǽ̤


ϡۤ򹭤ʤȤСƬⶵ餤ΤΤä͡μΨ夬äƤȡʸ𤬤ŪʼʤȤƬƤ롥פߤƤۤ򹭤᤿Ȥ׵ȿ͡μΨθ塤ưѤȤƥΥŪˤԤä礷ΤǤ롥ơפȰѤϤͻӤǿʤळȤˤʤä
16ƬΥɥĤǻϤޤäͻӤϡ˥󥰥ɤˤäޡȥå䤷ƥ󥰥ɹ񶵲Ωإ꡼8ϡ󥰥ɹ̱λٻդ뤿ˡʸ򡤤ĤޤѤѤΤǤ롥󥹥 (258) ϡˤĤƼΤ褦Ƥʸʸ˵ϲؤƤˡ

󥰥ɹ񶵲ˤ罰λٻɬפǤꡤ󥰥ɤνޤؼ뤳Ȥϵ٤ǤϤʤȤĥʤ罰ζ뤫⤷ʤäʤФʤʤʢȥޥ०ϤάIJȶĤɥĤΥץƥȤΤ褦˰ȼԤѤ罰λٻ򽸤ᤵ०ϡȿĤαѸϢξʸǤѥեåȤ⤽ΤʤƤͤ罰˽ʬ˼ΤäʪʤݤοϤطʤǽϻ夷Τ


०뤬ѤѤƾʸȤʸˤإ꡼8̱˼줵褦ȤפǤ롥ơ޲줬ޡȥåȷӤĤƥǤϤʤǤ줿ѸǤäȤ˽פǤ롥ˤơסѡαѸ3ĤӤĤȤˤʤäפʤСޤޤ¿αѸ줬դƤϰ̤夹뤷Ѹϰ̤夷ư뵡Сפϩ⶯줿츫ӤĤʤ褦͡ʸݤ16Υ󥰥ɼҲ礭ưƤΤǤ롥

ޡ󥹥ˡ һҡˡػˡˤͤư줿ѡ١ֽŹ2016ǯ

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2016-12-07 Wed

#2781. פȸűѸ츦 [reformation][emode][oe][history_of_linguistics][anglo-saxon]

󥰥ɤˤܳŪʸűѸ츦椬ϤޤäΤϡäƤǤ롥ѸˤϡűѸؤδؿϤۤȤɤʤäȤäƤ褤ǤϡʤȤߥ󥰤ǡŪˤ16ˤʤäƤ顤űѸ줬ǡȤƸ椹٤оݤȤʤäΤ
16ϽפλǤ롥Henry VIII ޶路ѹ񶵲ΩΤ1534ǯΤȤɤϡѹ񶵲ȤζȼŪ³ĥɬפäǻФ줿ΤŪʤѸˤǤä󥰥ɤȤȤʬ񤯷ӤĤ줿ѸȤĹˤ錄ȼΤΤǤ³ȤΤɤˤȤäƤȹͤ줿ޤѸ̤Ȥİ٤ϡйºŪ˥󥰥ɤˡΧŪԤεõȤߵŬΤǤ⤢ä
űѸʸդ줿ǽΤΤϡÆlfric ˤⶵǡ1566--67ǯ A Testimonie of Antiquity Ȥ˽Ф줫1λ֤򤪤ơ1659ǯˤ William Somner ˤθűѸ켭 Dictionarium Saxonico-Latino-Anglicum Ǥ롥ǽθűѸʸˡ⡤George Hickes ˤä1689ǯ˽ǤƤ롥ơ1755ǯˤϥåեؤǺǽ "Anglo-Saxon" ؤζ Richard Rawlinson ˤꤵ줿ʱѸ˾1ʳȤƤѼɽ魯Τ "Old English" ǤϤʤ "Anglo-Saxon" ȤѸ줬ѤƤȤˤĤƤϡ#234. Ѹˤλʬ (3) ([2009-12-17-1])#236. Ѹˤλʬ (5) ([2009-12-19-1]) 򻲾ȡˡ
Τ褦ˡ16--18ˤƸűѸ츦椬ֶƤطʤˤϡ˳Ūʹ񿴤Ȥϡפüȯ뤹ŪʻǤäΤǤ롥ηаޤˤĤơʷˤ Baugh and Cable (280fn) 򡤾ܤΡ8ϡ󥰥ɤΥ󥰥ػϡפ򻲾ȡ

Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.
졡رѸʸˤΤ뤿15ϡ١ҡ2009ǯ

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