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coca - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2021-05-14 Fri

#4400. ָǭפ cats and dogs ν [sound_symbolism][phonaesthesia][onomatopoeia][idiom][binomial][prosody][alliteration][phonetics][vowel][khelf_hel_intro_2021][clmet][coca][coha][bnc][sobokunagimon]

ֱܲѸƳ2021꺣Ҳ𤹤륳ƥĤϡꥢåפ줿ָʤ̸ǭ!?ǤܸǤϤҤɤΰȤָפɽ褷ơָǭפȤϸʤ櫓ǤѸǤͽ̤ʡ cats and dogs Ȥ̣ǤThey fight like cats and dogs. Τ褦ѤۤޤФꤷ餷Ƥ뤳Ȥ to lead a cat-and-dog life ʤɤȤɽޤ褯Τ줿ںߤפΥǥ#493. It's raining cats and dogs. ([2010-09-02-1]) ǡǤ
ϤȤưʪ˴ؤʸѺȤƤ⤷ǤˤʤäΤϱѸ cats and dogs θǤܸǤϡָǭפɡ嵭αѸΥǥɽȤƤϡǭפνˤʤäƤޤϤʤʤΤǤ礦
1ĹͤΤϡװǤ2ĤǤӤĤжȤƵǽˡŪνޤ뷹ޤβװˤ͡ʤΤޤ绨ĤˤвηڤΤơŤΤȤΤ§Ǥ⤦ΤˤС "openness and sonorousness" 㤤Τơ⤤ΤˤȤǤ᡼ȤƤϡᡦڤ硦ŤؤήȤƤȤ館ޤ륤᡼ϡħ (sound_symbolism) 뤤ϲ (phonaesthesia) ȸƤФޤ줬2Ǥֽ˴ͿƤȹͤޤ
첻ˤĤƹͤƤߤޤ礦ŵŪˤϹ첻첻ؤȤˤʤޤ#1139. 2।ǥν벻Ūʾ (2) ([2012-06-09-1]) Ǽ褦 flimflam, tick-tock, rick-rack, shilly-shally, mishmash, fiddle-faddle, riffraff, seesaw, knickknack ʤɤ㤬󤬤äƤޤ#1191. Pronunciation Search ([2012-07-31-1]) ^([BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ]\S*) [AEIOU]\S* ([BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ]\S*) \1 [AEIOU]\S* \2$ ȤƸƤߤȡۤˤ chit-chat, kit-cat, pingpong, shipshape, zigzag ʤɤޤding-dong, ticktack פĤޤ͡졦ָ (onomatopoeia) ¿褦Ǥ
Ǥϡ cats and dogs ŬѤȤɤʤǤ礦ξԤ첻 /æ/ /ɔ/ ǡ첻Ȥ纹ޤ󡥤ξˤϡ٤ΡפȤΩƤΤǤϤʤȵäƤޤؤȤήǤ첻 /æ/ ޤ cats ǡ첻 /ɔ/ ޤ dogs Ȥ櫓Ǥٻ붯ڵϺΤȤˤƤޤ󡥻ͤޤǤˡ#242. phonaesthesia 羮 ([2009-12-25-1]) ȡ#243. phonaesthesia ߡ ([2009-12-26-1]) 򤴰ɤжǤϤޤ󤬡ưθ߷Ȳ catch/caught, hang/hung, stand/stood ʤɤΩޤ
ơ⤽ cats and dogs νǥեȤǤ뤫Τ褦ǵʤƤޤʤΤǤ礦ˡֱѸΥǥɽȤƤϡפȽҤ٤ΤǤ¤Ͻˡָǭפɽˤ dogs and cats 褯ȤƤΤǤƤɽŪʥѥ BNCweb COCA ñ㸡ƤߤȤΥѥˤƤ dogs and cats ΤۤषͥΤ褦ǤȤȤϡνϡǤϤʤˤʤäΤǤ礦
ǤʤȻפäƤޤ18--19θѸΥѥ CLMET3.0 Ĵ٤Ƥߤȡcats and dogs 18㡤dogs and cats 8ȽФޤ⤷ȡȤŪˤ cats and dogs ͥäȤˡ20ʹߡǶˤʤä dogs and cats 餫ͳɤ夲ƤȤǽޤºݡꥫѸ˥ѥ COHA Ǥäȳǧ¤ꡤΤ褦ʵۤǻʤΤǤ
ָǭפǭפñʤǤѸŪˤϱǤ

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2021-01-08 Fri

#4274. ѸγؽˤѸˡѸؤθˤ⥳ѥ䥪饤ġ [corpus][coca][dictionary][methodology][elt]

Ǥ줿رѸȽˡɤޤƤ褦ǧβʳؤ˴ŤŪʱѸؽλǤ롥λȤܤΤϡ5ϡѥˤѸ쥹õˡӡפȡ6ϡѥˤѸ쥹õˡӡפǤ롥ǤϡؽԤ˵ΤϼȤγؽǤϤʤѥѤǽưŪʳؽǤ⤫졤Ūʥ饤󥳡ѥˡ롥åȤȤʤñˤĤƥѥͿƤ١ʸϢʤɤξȤˡñ˴ؤ륹ޤ򼫤齬ƤȤǤ롤Ȥݤǵ󤲤Ƥ륳ѥޤ᤿饤ġΤ̵ѤǤΤ󤲤Ƥʺ桤259--60ˡ

Weblio ¡±Ѽŵ
Cambridge English Dictionary
SkELL (= Sketch Engine for Language Learning)
COCA (= Corpus of Contemporary American English)
WordNet: A Lexical Database for English

ܽ56ϤΤۤõӡפꤹ50ڡĶʬǤϡѸؽΤߤʤ餺ѸؤθơޤȤʤ꤬Ĥ夲ƤꡤѸءѸˤ칶ˤȤäƤͭѤǤ롥ѥѤΥҥȤȤʤ
ܽӤɡ֥ޡפϡɹο̲μפȤƤ롥Ѹñɽ򿿤˽뤿ˤϡ괬ɴʼŵŪμ֥ޡפ뤳ȤɬפǤ롥ѸñɽνΤˤϡΤɬפǤ롥
ʤϲİˤƼ顥˰ѸȤ򤹤뤿ˤϡѸΥޤ򤷤Ƥɬפ롥Ѹ괬ҲŪʴĶǤȤѸѸ줿餷ƤˡʡѸˡˤ˴ؤμǤ롥ɹο̲ˤɴʼŵŪμǤꡤˤϿȤˤĤ뤳ȤǤʤϤǽưŪ˳ؤǤɬפ롥
ܽɤߡѸˤϡֱѸΥޡסֱѸȤɹɽ̲μפΰΤäΤʡȵŤ补

ĤߡرѸȽˡ١ȽŹҴȿӡ2020ǯ

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2020-12-17 Thu

#4252. COCA BNCweb Ǥߤ color vs colour [coca][bnc][corpus][ame_bre][spelling]

ꥫֻ color ȥꥹֻ colour ᤰˤĤơܥ֥Ǥϲ٤夲ƤֻƱѺɽȤƤ褯ΤƤꡤʬ䤹ǤȤȤ⤢뤬ѸŪˤϰճȿǤ̥ŪǤ⤢롥
ǤŪʻ³ǧ --- ΥꥫѸȥꥹѸ color colour γơʬۤϤɤʤäƤΤĴ --- Ԥʤ鷺Ȥ˵ŤȤȤǡϸ奢ꥫѸɽŪѥ COCA ȡꥹѸ BNCweb Ĵ٤Ƥߤ뤳Ȥˤcolo(u)r ζ޷졤ʣޤŪ˹ԤʤΤۤϥ޸Ѥơcolo(u)r, colo(u)rs, colo(u)red ʰʾ϶޷Ȥơ, colo(u)rful, colo(u)rless, discolo(u)r 6θμФˤȤɤ᤿

COCA ˤ <color> <colour>
<or><our><or> Ψ
COLOR124,7784,7920.9630
COLORS33,2251,8860.9463
COLORED5,5531790.9688
COLORFUL10,8714120.9635
COLORLESS1,000570.9461
DISCOLOR11001.0000

BNCweb ˤ <color> <colour>
<or><our><our> Ψ
COLOR11511,3320.9900
COLORS244,3960.9946
COLORED142,4320.9943
COLORFUL61,0930.9945
COLORLESS41660.9765
DISCOLOR1190.9500


COCA ѤꥫѸĴˤСꥫ <or> ͽ̤˰Ū95%ΨѤƤ롥դˤС5%ۤɤϥꥹȤ <our> ѤƤȤΤ⡤Ȥ櫓ΥꥹѸξӤȶ̣
BNCweb ѤꥹѸĴ̤ߤƤߤȡ99%ۤɤȤܴۤΨǥꥹ <our> ѤƤ롥ꥫֻѤƤ뾯ǧƤߤȡ˰Ϥޤ줿ûȥ餷ΡʥꥫͳβǽΡˤΤʤѤƤΤ졤򺹤ƹͤ뤳ȤΤǤС <our> 100%˶ŤǤϡꥹѸΤֻۤˤĤƤӤƤꡤꥫѸϼ㴳δƤ򼨤Ȥ뤫⤷ʤ
ʾ塤ɸƱѺˤĤƻ³ǧ

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2020-10-27 Tue

#4201. ν񤭽Ф Dear my friend [vocative][pragmatics][adjective][interjection][syntax][word_order][pragmatic_marker][coca]

ǶᡤرλŦ˥ϥäȤ뤳Ȥ¿ؤ󴶼դƤ롥ɸ귿ʸȤߤʤƤꡤȤꤿƤʬŪ˹ͤȤʤäŦơֳΤˡפȴdear ϡֿưʤפ̣̤ηƻǤ뤫顤my dear friend ʤ褯ʬ롥Ƭΰ (salutation) ʤɤǤϡŪ˳ʤȤ⤤ Dear my friendDear Mr. Smith ʤɤȤƤɤʤΤ
ŪʴФȤƤϡƬΰ Dear ϽƻȤϡΤδ (interjection) ˶ᤤΤǤꡤɸ (pragmatic_marker) ȤäƤ褤Τ⤷ʤĤޤꡤ my dear friend ȡ˳ʤ Dear my friend ٤ƤʤΤǤϤʤȤȤ⤷ʤCGEL (775) Ǥ⡤ʲΤ褦˰ƳޡȤߤʤƺѤޤƤ롥

It is conventional to place a salutation above the body of the letter. The salutation, which is on a line of its own, is generally introduced by Dear;
   Dear RuthDear Dr BrownDear MadamDear Sir


̻Ūˤߤе䤬ͯƤ롥Dear my friend Τ褦ʸ礬Ƹ줿ΤϤĤʤΤθɸβϤʤΤäΤѸǤ Dear my lord Dear my lady 㤬¿褦 milord, milady θòȤؤ꤬˰㤤ʤ
ѸξˤĤưҤ٤ƤСCOCA ǸƤߤ¤ꡤ¤ϡdear my ̾פϷ褷¿ʤŪˤ⤤ʴ롤⤷ơޤǤʢK󡤤꤬Ȥˡ

Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.

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2020-05-15 Fri

#4036. stay at home stay home --- ѥĴ [sobokunagimon][phraseology][preposition][bnc][coca][coha][clmet][ame_bre]

ε ([2020-05-14-1]) ǡܲΥե졼ȤʤäƤ stay at home stay home ˤĤƱѸˤδͻϤĤΥѥǤäĴ̤𤹤롥ʲ٤ʸ̮Ĵ׽ϤƤʤΤǤ餺
ޤϸΥꥹѸȥꥫѸˤĤơ줾 BNCweb COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English) stay (at) home ޸ǽФƤߤ̤ϡꥹѸǤ stay at home 86.9%ͥդ˥ꥫѸǤ stay home 74.6%ͥȽФƺʬ䤹Ƥ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥
ˡ̻ŪʬۤοܤߤƤߤ褦ꥹѸˤĤƤϸѸ쥳ѥ CLMET3.0 ѤꥫѸˤ1810ǯʹߤΥƥȤ᤿ COHA (Corpus of Historical American English) Ѥ
CLMET Ǥ1 (1710--1780)2 (1780--1850)3 (1850--1920) Υ֥ѥȤ stay (at) home ޸ƤߤȤɤλˤƤ stay at home ¾ͣɽä2 (1780--1850) staying home 1㸽Τߤǡ19ޤǤ stay home ϤۤȤΤƤʤäȤäƤ褵Ǥߤ BNCweb ʬä奤ꥹѸξ򴪰Ƥȡ餯20 stay home ƤȤȤˤʤ
ꥫѸǤʬۤοܤ⤷ꥫѸǤ⡤Ȥ stay at home ¾ͣɽä19 stay home ۤ鸽Ƥ롥20 stay home ϵ®˿ӻϤᡤ1940ǯˤϽ stay at home ٤ξǵž˻äơߤˤưṲ̄ͥΩƤȤȤˤʤ롥
ñĴʤΤǾڵηϤȤɤ˻ĤäƤΤΡʾξɽʬۤοܤˤĤƤ褽θĤ롥ޤȤȼΤ褦ˤʤ롥19ޤǤϡξѼȤŪˤŤ stay at home ǥեȤǡstay home ϤۤȤΤƤʤäȤ20ˤ stay home ƤȤ櫓ꥫѸǤ20Ⱦ˸ų stay at home ޤʤߤޤǤ˰쵤ڤƤ
Ĥ stay home ѸˤΤɤʳǻѤ򸽤路ƤǤ롥OED home, adv. 1e Ǥϡưưȼʤ home νФc1580ǯȤʤäƤ뤬stay home Ȥ缫ΤνФĤ϶Ƥʤkeep home be home ʤɤɽ1600ǯ˽ФƤ褦Ǥ롥#2237. I'm home. ([2015-06-12-1]) ⻲ȡˡ
Ĵ٤ɬפ뤬ˤäƤϤä٤ƸѸΤȤǤǽ⤢롥stay home ϼ¤Ϥʤ꿷ɽʤΤǤϤʤ

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2019-07-09 Tue

#3725. ϿǥƥȤôϢġʤ [lexicology][bnc][coca][corpus][webservice][link]

#833. Ͽǥƥȡ ([2011-08-08-1]) Ҳ𤷤ġˡرñؽβʳء (12) Ǽ夲Ƥ̤θÿϥƥ Test Your Vocabulary Online With VocabularySize.com Ҳ𤷤褦1404򥯥åʤ򤭿ʤƤȤǡword family ١ǤθϤȽǤ롥ܸꤷƿǤ롥ޤѸǤνΤߤȤʤ뤬ƱååȤѤ100䤫ʤÿǥƥȤβ⤢롥
Ϣ (13) Ǥϡñ٥٥Ĵ٤ġȤơCompleat Lexical Tutor VocabProfilers ȤҲ𤵤Ƥ롥BNC COCA ʤɤѤơϤñʷˤ٤1000٥롤2000٥ʤɤñ̤ǶƤ롥٤Ĺαʸȡñå٥뤴Ȥ˿ŤƤ줿ꡤʬۤפ֤ƤͥΤ󥿡ե䥴㥴㤷Ƥʬˤ
ܿͤαѸؽԤˤȤäƤϡɸÿ SVL 12000פʤɤ˴ŤƱʸθå٥ȽꤷƤ Word Level Checker Ǥ롥ñ줴Ȥ˥٥֤Ƥ櫓ǤϤʤϤʸθå٥Ȥʬ֤ۤƤȤġǤ롥
ʸϤȡñθ򥢥ե٥åȽ˼ưƤ Apps 4 EFL Text to Flash ȤġˤαǤǡñ򥯥åỌ̇̄ݥåץåɽʸɲڡñ˺ Pop Translation ʤġ⤢롥桤ˤʤäΤʤ

ã顡رñؽβʳء١ҡ2019ǯ

Referrer (Inside): [2019-07-11-1]

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2015-09-07 Mon

#2324. n-gram [corpus][information_theory][coca][bnc][google_books][statistics][n-gram][collocation][frequency][link]

伫ʬѤ n-gram Ȥʬϼˡ롥ѥؤǤ⤹ǤˤߤγǰǤꡤɽ (collocation) θʤɤǤΤ褦Ѥ褦ˤʤäΥѥΥ󥿡եˤƤѤƤꡤ#607. Google Books Ngram Viewer ([2010-12-25-1]) Ǥ̾˴ޤޤƤۤɤܥ֥Ǥ COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English) N-gram ǡ١Ѥơ#956. COCA N-Gram Search ([2011-12-09-1]) ƤʤαѤϡ#953. ƬƧ2।ǥ ([2011-12-06-1])#954. ӱƧ2।ǥ ([2011-12-07-1])#955. ʸϤ碌2।ǥ ([2011-12-08-1]) 򻲾ȡˡBNC ǤϡExplore Words and Phrases from the BNC ѤǤ롥
ԥ塼ѤʬϼˡȤ񤷤ʹ뤬n-gram ιͤϻäñǤ롥ʸ٥ 2-gram (bigram) ͤƤߤ褦ĹαñȤ pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis (#63. پɤϱѸǺǤŤµ ([2009-06-30-1])) ˤȤ롥ޤƬ2ʸ1Ȥ pn Фˡ2ʸܤ˿ʤƱ褦 ne Ф3ʸܤ˿ʤ eu 4ʸܤ˿ʤ um 롥Ʊ褦ˡ1ʸıˤ餷ʤ顤Ǹ is ޤ2ʸ1Ȥ򼡡ȽäƤ44Ȥ2ʸȤˤʤ롥ȤΤʤǡic co ȤȤ߹碌ϳơ3󵯤ꡤos, si, no, on Ȥ߹碌ϳơ2󸽤졤ʳȤ߹碌Ϥ1٤Ǥ롥äơñˤƺǹ٤2ʸ1Ȥ ic co Ȥʤ롥
n-gram ñ̤ϡΤ褦ʸǤɬפϤʤǤǤ褤礭ñ̤ǤǤǤ褯礭ʶʤɤΤ礭ñ̤Ǥ褤Ѹ쥳ѥؤǤϡȤñ̤ǹͤΤ̤Martin Luther King, Jr. I Have a Dream αΥƥȤǸñ̤ 4-gram ȡǤ¿4Ȥ߹碌ϡͽ̤ "I have a dream" 8"will be able to" Ʊ8󸽤롥"Let freedom ring from" 7Ȥ褯롤ʬϤǽȤʤ롥Ǥ4ȤפꤷΤ 4-gram ȸƤФ뤬ܤ뤤Ĥʸθ뤫ˤ 1-gram (unigram), 2-gram (bigram), 3-gram (trigram) 5-gram ʾͤ뤳ȤǤ1-gram ξ硤ꥹȤϡ¾ƸɽǤˡ
祳ѥ줿 2-gram 3-gram ΰϡ켫ΤɽθʤɤǤϴܥǡȤʤ뤿ᡤ־Ǥ⤤ȸƤ롥ܸǤN-gram ѥ - ܸ쥦֥ѥ 2010뤷ѸǤ COCA n-gram ǡ١ 롥ޤBigram Plus Ǥϡ˱Ѹ쥳ѥޤ᤿ƼѸ쥳ѥ N-Gram Search Ԥʤ뵡ǽ󶡤Ƥ롥ۤˤǤդΥƥȤ䥳ѥоݤ n-gram ƼΥġ䥽եȤ⡤־ǽ
n-gram ʬϤθʬؤαϰϤϹʲʸˤϲȤͽ¬ǽȤطᡤˤ벻ǧʬϡȽꡤưڥåõΡʸѥǥåκʤɤ˳Ѥ롥󡤶ɽθǤϡܤˤԲķμʤȤʤäƤ롥n-gram ϤäѤȤɽ̲줿ƥȤоݤȤؤˤ빽¤ˤޤä뤳ȤʤᡤʸˡΤ褦ʸ̤Ƚ褦ܤϡn-gram in Wikipedia 򻲾ȡ
n-gram Ϲ׼ǡޤޤȤƻꤽ˱ѸƥȤˤ⡤ѤƤ

ʸ嵭2015/09/12(Sat) Sketch Engine N-grams ⻲ȡ

Referrer (Inside): [2016-09-07-1]

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2015-05-22 Fri

#2216. Webޥε֥ѥõѸαƺԡ [link][corpus][bnc][coca][ame_bre][sociolinguistics][language_change][gender_difference][link]

Ρ#2186. Webޥε֥ѥõѸαƺԡס ([2015-04-22-1]) ˰³520դǡּԡפޤWEBޥ Lingua   *
ϡʣΥѥѤ뤳Ȥ䤪⤷򲡤ФޤޤѸαƺȤ츫Ūˤ⡤ưŪ뤤̻Ū뤳Ȥˤꡤʸ⶯Ĵޤ
ΤʤǤ⿨ޤºݤˤϺΡּԡפǽҤ٤˻ˤϡäȾܤĴʤФʤޤ󡥤ѥѤơ㤨ФΤ褦ʸѲħȤ館뤳ȤǤ뤫⤷ʤȤǽ򴶤äƤ館СȤǼɮޤԡԤǻμɮôϴǤʹߤ³WEBޥ Lingua εˤܤХåʥСͭѤǤʲWEBޥ Lingua γƵؤΥ󥯡ʺǿǡˤĥäƤޤ

1. ʤѥ ֿܡ
2. Ѹ쥳ѥθĥ BNCweb 򸡺Ƥߤ ԡ а桡
3. Ѹ쥳ѥθĥ BNCweb 򸡺Ƥߤ ʸԡ а桡
4. Google 򥳡ѥ˸ΩƤ ʿβʡ
5. פδáԡˡ ٺθ ʾӡͺϺ
6. פδáʸԡˡ ʾӡͺϺ
7. ѥѤŤƿΰ衧ե쥤 ʰ塡͡
8. ѥѤŤƿΰ衧ե쥤 ʰ塡͡
9. ؽԥѥȤϲ ʳҡΡ
10. ؽԥѥDzǤΤ ʳҡΡ
11. ѥ륳ѥβǽ ʿβʡ
12. ܸ쥳ѥ˸봷Ѷˡ ġץꥷ
13. ܸ쥳ѥ˸봷ѶѲǽ ġץꥷ
14. COCA Ȥäθ ġ͡
15. COCA Ȥäθ ġ͡
16. ѥäդõ롡 ڡ
17. ѥäդõ롡 ڡ
18. ؽԤäեѥȤäʬϡ1ɸ well, I mean, kind of, like λȤ ʻ
19. ؽԤäեѥȤäʬϡ2㤤ʪǤ׵ɽ ʻ
20. ǧθؤѤƥѥ̣õ롽 ëľ
21. ǧθؤѤƥѥ̣õ롽 ֻ졦ư ëľ
22. ѥõѸαƺԡ ġδ
23. ѥõѸαƺԡ ġδ

ʤμԤܤ gorgeous ˴ؤƤϡܥ֥ǤʲεǰäƤޤΤǤȤ

#476. That's gorgeous! ([2010-08-16-1])
#477. That's gorgeous! (2) ([2010-08-17-1])
#607. Google Books Ngram Viewer ([2010-12-25-1])

ޤѸʸˤ˽ˤĤƤ gender_difference γƵǰäƤޤä˸˽ȥѥѤ᤿Ȥơ#913. BNC ˤä˽Ĵ ([2011-10-27-1])

Referrer (Inside): [2019-05-21-1]

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2012-03-03 Sat

#1041. COCA "ANALYZE TEXT" [coca][corpus][web_service][academic_word_list][text_tool]

COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) 򱿱Ĥ Mark Davies ᤬[2012-01-08-1]ε#986. COCA "WORD AND PHRASE . INFO"פǾҲ𤷤ǽ (Frequency List) ˲äʸꤲCOCA١dzƸ˴ؤ򿧤Ť֤Ƥ륵ӥ WORD AND PHRASE . INFO, ANALYZE TEXT
Ŭʱʸꤲȡñ줬٥٥ˤäƿʬ줿֤֤롥500ޤǤĶٸġ3,000ޤǤιٸСʲ٤θϲǼۤacademic word ֻȤ֤롥ʸǤΤ줾γ⼨졤θåꥹȤФȤưפƸϥå֥ǡåΥץ뤬 KWIC DZڥɽ롥ޤڥˤ줬롥ʲϡε#1040. ̻ŪѲȶŪѰۡ ([2012-03-02-1]) ˰ѤʸꤲǤΥ꡼󥷥åȡ

COCA Analyze Text

ʸ񤯤Ȥˤ collocation synonym Ĵ٤ʤ񤯤Ȥ¿ΤǡȤǤϱѺʸؽ˰ϤȯʸϤ academic ٤ȽꤹΤˤȤ롥Academic Word List ˴ޤޤäδͭ٤ȤȤǤС[2010-12-30-1]ε#612. Academic Word Listפǵ󤲤 The AWL Highlighter ġ

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2012-01-08 Sun

#986. COCA "WORD AND PHRASE . INFO" [coca][corpus][dictionary][synonym][collocation][semantic_prosody][intensifier][web_service]

COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) 򱿱Ĥ Mark Davies ᤬ǯˡCOCA١Ǹ˴ؤǤ륵ӥ WORD AND PHRASE . INFO lemma ٤Ǿ60,000˸¤ˤϤȡ뤴Ȥ٤䤽Υ󥳡󥹡饤ϤȤꡤWordNet ˴Ť췲ޤǤ̾˸롥ۤȤɤιܤåǽǡʤ뵡ǽؤȥǤ롥󥿡եľŪǻȤ䤹
츦 collocation ˤΩĻͤˤʤäΤǤϤʤ㤨Сsemantic_prosody 򰷤ä[2011-03-12-1]ε#684. semantic prosody ʸˡƥ꡼פǡո utterly, absolutely, perfectly, totally, completely, entirely, thoroughly ˤĤƤθҲ𤷤WORD AND PHRASE . INFO utterly ϤС췲ɥ˰롥ȤϡƸ򥯥åƤ椯ǡ٤ collocation ξܺ٤롥Τ褦ĤΤ˸̤ȯ

utterly by WORD AND PHRASE . INFO

Referrer (Inside): [2012-03-03-1]

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2011-12-09 Fri

#956. COCA N-Gram Search [cgi][web_service][coca][corpus][collocation][n-gram]

##953,954,955 εǡǶ줿 COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) n-gram ǡ١ѤƤߤCOCA ˸ 2-grams, 3-grams, 4-grams, 5-grams ˤĤơ줾100ɽ󤷤ǡ١ǡ긵ˤƤС׼ COCA Υ󥿡եǤϸˤɽθǽȤʤ롥
n-gram Υǡ١ϡᥬХȤ̤ΥƥȥեǡľܸˤϽŤǡSQLite ǡ١ؤȳǼSQL ʸˤ븡ǽȤʤ褦˸ץȤʲϡ̤κǽ10ԤϤ CGI Ǥ롥

    


ʲˡơ֥̾ n-gram "n" ͤ˱ơ"two", "three", "four", "five" Ȥʤߤˡ1-grams Υǡ١ʻ¾塤COCA 3ʾ帽٤Ĥꥹȡˤտ路Ƥꡤơ֥̾ "one" Ȥƥǽˤեɤϡơ֥˶̤ "freq" ١ˤƤƤۤ"n" ͤ˱ơ"word1" "word5" ޤǤθ (case-sensitive) ȡ"pos1" "pos5" ޤǤ COCA θɸꤵƤ롥select ʸΤͭʲˡŵŪʸȤƺܤƤ

# 1-grams ǡֻٽ˼Фʤcase-sensitive ʤΤǺƽפɬס
select * from one where pos1 like "i%" order by freq desc;

# 2-grams ǡϥ󥵥ʤΤٽ˼Ф
select * from two where word1 = "handsome" and pos1 = "jj" and pos2 like "nn_" order by freq desc;

# 2-grams ǡ"absolutely (adj.)" ǶĴƻٽ˼Ф[2011-03-12-1]ε#684. semantic prosody ʸˡƥ꡼פ򻲾ȡ
select * from two where word1 = "absolutely" and pos2 = "jj" order by freq desc;

# 3-grams ǡ٤ as ... as ɽФ
select * from three where word1 = "as" and word3 = "as" order by freq desc;

# 4-grams ǡ٤ from ... to ... ɽФ
select * from four where word1 = "from" and pos1 = "ii" and word3 = "to" and pos3 = "ii" order by freq desc;

# 5-grams ǡõ롨 "die of" "die from" ɤѻ
select * from five where word1 in ("die", "dies", "died", "dying") and pos1 like "vv%" and word2 in ("of", "from") and pos2 like "i%" order by word3;


n-gram ǡ١¤˻ȤʤˤϡΤ褦ˤ줿̤Ȥˤ˾ʤꡤʣθ̤դ碌ʤɤιפɬפ

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2011-12-08 Thu

#955. ʸϤ碌2।ǥ [binomial][rhyme][corpus][coca][collocation][euphony][n-gram][suffix][proverb]

[2011-12-06-1], [2011-12-07-1]εǡCOCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) 3-gram ǡ١ФѸˤƬƧ2।ǥ (binomial) ȵӱƧ2।ǥ򸫤ƤʬϤʤǡξꥹȤΤʤǽʣ2।ǥब줿ΤǡФƤߤ줾ƬȵӱξͤʤʸϤ碌ȤƤζɽǤ롥ʸ̤᤿ƥȥե50ɽ󤲤褦

Saturday and Sunday, personal and professional, himself or herself, quantity and quality, morbidity and mortality, quantitative and qualitative, security and stability, best and brightest, latitude and longitude, sixteenth and seventeenth, whenever and wherever, sensitivity and specificity, watching and waiting, majority and minority, basketball and baseball, fight or flight, ranting and raving, forties and fifties, cooperation and coordination, nature and nurture, pushing and pulling, tossing and turning, twisting and turning, grandchildren and great-grandchildren, skiers and snowboarders, communication and collaboration, cooking and cleaning, psychiatrists and psychologists, biggest and best, development and deployment, slipping and sliding, communication and cooperation, Dungeons and Dragons, heterosexual and homosexual, healthier and happier, grandmother and grandfather, stopping and starting, sixteen or seventeen, hooting and hollering, competence and confidence, stalactites and stalagmites, waxing and waning, positive and productive, reading and rereading, patience and perseverance, bedroom and bathroom, consultation and collaboration, going and getting, grandfather and grandmother, protection and promotion


¿ϡƬȵӱϤȤƶ˰פȹͤϡ촴ɤ˸츻ŪʴϢ뤬椨ƬƧǤΤǤꡤƱѤƤ뤬椨˵ӱƧǤΤȲ᤹٤
ñʤϤͷӤȤʤ졥嵭ϡỌ̇̄Ĵ¤򤤤䤪ʤ2δ֤˰ɬƤӵΤ褦ʡ٤˽ŪɽȤfight or flight, nature and nurture, competence and confidence, positive and productive ʤɤϡñʤ٤ζɽǤȤʾˡŪȤ虜ŪǤ餢롥

Referrer (Inside): [2018-08-22-1] [2015-09-07-1]

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2011-12-07 Wed

#954. ӱƧ2।ǥ [binomial][rhyme][corpus][coca][collocation][euphony][n-gram][suffix][compound]

ε#953. ƬƧ2।ǥ ([2011-12-06-1]) ˰³ϡӱƧ٤ binomial COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) n-gram ǡ١ˤ꽦ФƱͤˡ3-gram Ѥ"A and/but/or B" ηζɽǡ A B ӱƧǤ褦̤Ǽ᤿ƥȥե
̤įƤƺʤ鵤դȤʤΤӱƬ٤ƥѥ󤬸Ĥ䤹ä˸ʤΤϡӱ¿촴θ˰¸ƤȤϡ˰¸Ƥ뤳Ȥ-ing, -ed, -ly, -al, -y, -ion, -er ʤɤζƤ롥

positive and negative, national and international, internal and external, Friday and Saturday, teaching and learning, gifted and talented, elementary and secondary, hunting and fishing, personal and professional, presence or absence, reliability and validity, coming and going, winners and losers, physical and psychological, formal and informal, directly and indirectly, advantages and disadvantages, rising and falling, physically and mentally, buyers and sellers


ޤͤƤߤС⤢ʤȤʤΤʣ2ǤƱǤѤ뤳Ȥˤ걤ƧǤ¿ self-rhyme ǤϤ롥

Friday and Saturday, children and grandchildren, Saturday and Sunday, hardware and software, himself or herself, formal and informal, parents and grandparents, direct and indirect, buyers and sellers, mother and grandmother, father and grandfather, Afghanistan and Pakistan, anything and everything, football and basketball, indoor and outdoor, direct or indirect, servicemen and women, likes and dislikes, urban and suburban, indoor and outdoor


¿Ѥޤ right-headed ʣ򹥤ѸˤƤϡӱѤ2।ǥηưפǤꡤˤǤ뤳ȤϡǤդ鸫С촴θƬѤƬ2।ǥηϡŪ񤷤ȤȤˤʤΤ⤷ʤ

Referrer (Inside): [2015-09-07-1] [2011-12-08-1]

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2011-12-06 Tue

#953. ƬƧ2।ǥ [binomial][alliteration][corpus][coca][collocation][euphony][n-gram]

[2011-07-26-1]ε#820. ʩƱפǡ2।ǥ (binomial idiom) Ҳ𤷤and, but, or ʤɤ³ǷФ2फʤɽϸѸǤ⸲ߤǤꡤ褯ΤˤϡϤΤ褤 (euphony) ¿ѸˤƸϤɤȤС[2011-11-26-1]ε#943. ƬˤפǼ夲Ƭ (alliteration) ŵ1ĤȤƵ󤲤롥
Ȥǡ1122ˡ絬ϥ饤󡦥ѥ COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) ʤɤΤ륳ѥؼ Mark Davies COCA ˴Ť n-gram ̵Ǹ2, 3, 4, 5줫ʤ롤줾100ζɽ (collocation) ٿȤȤ󤷤ǡ١ǡɤƥե饤Ǽͳ˽Ǥ롥

Visit N-GRAMS: from the COCA and COHA corpora of American English. For downloading, directly visit Free lists.
Also visit Word frequency lists and dictionary: from the Corpus of Contemporary American English for other COCA-derived n-grams and frequency lists.

ǡCOCA n-gram 鸽Ѹ2।ǥ˸ƬõƽФƤߤ褦ȻפΩä3-gram ǡ١Ѥ"A and/but/or B" ηζɽõäüԤΰռƤʤȤǤ⡤ƬɽΤʤѤƤϤȤͽۤΤȤǤθäºݤ¿򽦤ФȤǤ̤Υƥȥե2θƬλҲפƤΤФʤΤǡ줬ɽ魯ҲפƤȤϸ¤餺դɬפǤ롥Ǥ⡤ŪƬ򽦤ФȤǤ
̤̾ˤϡhis or her, four or five, six or seven, this or that, Saturday and Sunday ʤɡʤۤɤȤϻפ碌뤬ۤɶ̣ʤ㤬ʤʤǥŪʤΤ⤦Τ褦ʶɽ⼡ȵ󤬤ꡤι夬ä­

public and private, rules and regulations, pots and pans, command and control, flora and fauna, free and fair, death and destruction, go and get, safety and security, signs and symptoms, fame and fortune, families and friends, fresh or frozen, peace and prosperity, past and present, quantity and quality, morbidity and mortality, slowly but surely, professional and personal, name and number, facts and figures, pencil and paper, state and society, small but significant, clear and convincing


n-gram ˤĤƤϡ[2010-12-25-1]ε#607. Google Books Ngram Viewerפ⻲ȡ

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2011-04-01 Fri

#704. brethren and sister(e)n [plural][analogy][ame][i-mutation][relationship_noun][corpus][coca][coha]

ε[2011-03-31-1]ǡűѸο²̾ζɽ򸫤brethren εˤĤƤڤȴϢƿ²̾줪դ ( analogy ) ⤦ĵ󤲤褦brethren Ȥ sister(e)n Ȥʣ롥MED εҤˤ褦ˡѸǤ -(e)n Ϥ̤Ǥꡤ-s ̲Τ brother ξƱʹߤǤ롥դϻΰʤΤǡܺ٤ʥǡäƤ롥ѸǤ⥤󥰥ɤǤ -s ͥǤϤλ sister ʣϸ§Ȥ -n 뤤첻θݤƤ뤳Ȥϴְ㤤ʤ ( Hotta, p. 256 )
ơsister(e)n ϸѸĤäƤ뤬brethren Ȱۤʤꡤ̾MˤϵܤƤʤBNC ( The British National Corpus ) ǤҥåȤʤäCOCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ), COHA ( Corpus of Historical American English ) ǤϤ줾4㡤1519ȾʹߤˤҥåȤäѤ饢ꥫѸʹ뤳Ȥʬ롥COCA 1ĵ󤲤롥Ƥ "CNN Crossfire" ǤֻϰѼԡˡ

Well, you know, I hate to correct you, but you made the same mistake many of your liberal brethren and sisteren, have said in analyzing this dissent by Judge Stevens.


COCA, COHA ξѥη19Τ16ޤǤ brethren and sister(e)n ȤƸ졤˥եѤ졤dear my ԤƤӤλȤ¿brethren Ʊͤ˽ŪȹŪʸ̮ǸƤ褦ꤵ줿ȤƤΤۤʸŪʸ̤⤢Τ⤷ʤϢơOED sister θ5ѤƤ"In the vocative, as a mode of address, chiefly in transferred senses. Also colloq. as a mode of address to an unrelated woman, esp. one whose name is not known."
äѤ饢ꥫѸѤ뤳ȤˤĤƤϡMencken (502) Ƥ롥

Sisteren or sistern, now confined to the Christians, white and black, of the Get-Right-with-God country, was common in Middle English and is just as respectable, etymologically speaking, as brethren.


sister(e)n Ȥʣ˴ؤŪϡḽ奢ꥫѸǤλѤѸη³ȤƤȤ館٤뤤ϥꥫѸDzƤ⤿餵줿ȤƤȤ館٤Ǥ롥OED ˤȡsister(e)n ϰŪʸϸȤƤ16ȾФѤ줿Ȥ롥Ѹ䥤ꥹѸޤ᤿Ĵʤʬʤ(1) brethren Ȥϻ鷺ꤽǤ뤳ȡ(2) brethren ȵӱƧΤǸƤӤʤɸä˹ޤ줽Ǥ뤳ȡ2饢ꥫѸǤκƷȹͤΤǤϤʤѸ츻Ū sister(e)n Ф줿餤顤ѸDzƺ줿ȤƤԻ׵ĤϤʤ
sister(e)n ̾μˤϺܤäƤʤ餤Υ쥢ʣbrethren, children, oxen (but see [2010-08-22-1]) Ʊ˻Ĥ뾯 -en ʣ֤Ƥ롥

Hotta, Ryuichi. The Development of the Nominal Plural Forms in Early Middle English. Hituzi Linguistics in English 10. Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo, 2009.
Mencken, H. L. The American Language. Abridged ed. New York: Knopf, 1963.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-04-05-1]

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2011-02-23 Wed

#667. COCA 50ʻ̤γϡ [lexicology][corpus][french][loan_word][adjective][statistics][coca]

ε[2011-02-22-1]˰³COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) ˴Ťñ٥ꥹȤѤѥåȡǥϡǺǶˤʤäɲä줿50ΥꥹȤѤơƱͤʻ̳Ĵ٤ΥꥹȤϸФ ( lemma ) ˴Ť5000졤ΥꥹȤϸ ( word form ) ˴Ť50Τˤ497187ˤǡʤۤʤ뤳Ȥդ
ȤۤƱȤ2줺ĤdzڤꡤL1L25ޤǤγΤ줾ˤ noun, verb, adj., adv., others 5ʬʻ̳ФʿͥǡϤΥڡHTML򻲾ȡ

Form-Based POS Ratios by COCA

L612٥դ꤫ʻΨϰȤäƤ褤L1734٥դ꤫ưϤޤΤˤʤ뤬礭Ƥߤȡʤʤ餷ƤߤȡľΥ٥뤫礭æƤʤ
[2011-02-16-1]ε衤ƻΨˤʤäƤ뤬ΥǡΤ׻ȡ0.1738ȤͤϤ줿 lemma ĴǤ0.1678ä顤ͤ˶Ƥ롥̾ư lemma word form Ψϡ̾줬 0.5086 : 0.6985ư줬 0.2000 : 0.1065 礭ۤʤΤǡƻ 0.1678 : 0.1738 Ȥ϶⤷ʤlemma word form ʻ̳ˤϰۤʤ뷹Τ⤷ʤǤ絬ϤĴ٤ȰȸƤӤ֤и뤳ȤϳΤʤ褦
[2011-02-16-1]εǿ줿褦ˡѸΥե󥹼ѸˤƻΨ0.1768ä0.1738ȹƤ뤬ޤǰ㤦Τǡľܤδط뤳Ȥ̵Ǥ롥ȤȺĴϡ[2011-02-16-1]ĴȤ̵ط˻Ϥ᤿ΤǤ롥Ȼפ뤳η̤ϡŪǤϤ롥ѸäȤ̾줬ŪʤϤͽۤƤΤΡե󥹸ťΥɸ줫Ϥ褽γηƻʤ줾 lemma Ĵ0.17680.1817ˤѤƤơΨϻ夬ۤʤȤϤѸΨȶƤ롥ѸΤˤΨȼѸäˤΨƤȤȤϡ⤷ǤʤȤ顤̣Τե󥹼ѸäťΥɼѸäѸŬ褦ʼΨDZѸäϤȤȤϡΥѥåȡǥη̤Ƥΰݤ˴Ť speculation ˤʤʻ̳ȤܤƤ

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2011-02-22 Tue

#666. COCA 5000ʻ̤γϡ [lexicology][corpus][statistics][n-gram][coca]

COCA ( Corpus of Contemporary American English ) ˴ŤƼåꥹȤ Corpus-based word frequency lists, collocates, and n-grams Ǥ롥ΤʤǺǤŪʥꥹȤκ5000ꥹǤ롥󤵤ƤΤϸФ ( lemma ) ñ̤ǡ̤ϥѥ˸٤ʬδؿǷ׻Ƥ롥UCREL CLAWS7 Tagset ʻ쥳ɽ˴ŤƤʻͿƤꡤʻ̤٤ʤɤڤʬϤ뤳ȤǤ롥
ϡ500줴Ȥ˶ڤä٤ι⤤L1L10ޤǤγߤ줾γˤʻ̳Фʻϳ ( open class ) 濴Ȥnoun, verb, adj., adv., others 5ʬȤʿͥǡϤΥڡHTML򻲾ȡ

Lemma-Based POS Ratios by COCA

1ɤγǤ̾줬ȾƤΤͽۤǤȤ2ʹߤ̾γ礬פäۤɿӤƤʤȤʬäưȷƻ줬ȾγǤ⤪褽γ³ƤΤͽ۳äΤȤơ5000ꥹȤ˸¤С̾줬ȴĤĤ⡤ΨϤ褽ݤƤȤ褦͡ưƻƤߤ褽Τ500ʹߤȸƤ褵
[2011-02-16-1]εѸΥե󥹼Ѹʻ̳ߤΤȤƤηƻΨ0.1768äθѸκ5000ǤϡΤȤƤηƻΨ0.1678٤ựΤͤɤʬʤѸʸ졩ˤˤʻΨΡְ괶פΤ褦ʤΤϤΤ
COCA ˴Ťΰʳ˥饤ǤѱñꥹȤˤĤƤ[2010-03-01-1]ε򻲾ȡɽѤ̤ΥѥåȡǥȤƤϡñβ򰷤ä[2010-04-17-1]ε򻲾ȡ

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2010-09-30 Thu

#521. ճȻȤƤ octopi [plural][coca][oanc][dictionary]

[2009-08-26-1]εǡoctopus ʣȤƤϵ§Ū octopuses ̤Ǥꡤoctopi octopodes ʤɤΡָŵ˴ŤԵ§ʣϡߤǤʳŪŪʶ̤ˤѤʤȹͤƤ褤ΤȤϡ¿γؽԱѱѼŵ octopuses Τߤ󤲤Ƥ뤳Ȥ狼롥פȽҤ٤ octopodes ˤĤƤoctopi ˤĤƤϽפ褦
־ǡ֥λפ˴ؤ뵭򸫤Ĥε̾ Owning Octopi Ǥ롥ʣ octopi ˼椫ɤǤߤ顤Ƥ⤪⤷äΤʾ341ۤɤεΤʤˤ⤦1 octopi ƤΤǴ򤷤ʤä§ octopuses Ϥ¿5ۤɻȤƤoctopi ϳΤ˥ޥʡ֤ǤϤ뤬̾˺ѤƤȤȤյCOD11 ( The Concise Oxford English Dictionary 11th ed. ) ˤ octopi ϸѤȤƤΤѤȤСޥʡ֤Ǥ뤳ȡɼԤ椭Ĥ̾˵뿷Ȥϸߤ˲餫δطΤ⤷ʤ1٤ octopi ƤսˤĤơʤ octopi ʤΤϤ褯狼ʤƱ octopuses ѤƤ뤳Ȥ顤ñĴäƤʸŪưŤΤ⤷ʤ

Sealing the tank is crucial because octopuses are deft at escaping from even the smallest opening. Because octopi have no skeletal structure, they can fit through practically any gap and can even lift many lids. Sealing a tank is crucial to keeping your octopus safe. Octopuses escape in order to feed their desire to hunt. These aggressive hunters are best served by being fed live crustaceans to quell their hunger and desire to hunt.


ޤ¿γؽԱѡ octopuses 󤲤ƤʤȤˤĤƤ⽤ɬפOxford, Collins COBUILD, Macmillan μˤϳΤ octopi ϵܤƤʤLongman, Cambridge, Merriam-Webster μˤ octopi ʣȤƵܤƤ롥¼ϤǤ octopi ϵܤƤ롥
˥ѥĴ٤ƤߤBNC ǤΥҥåȿˤĤƤ[2009-08-26-1]ǾҲ𤷤̤Corpus of Contemporary American English (BYU-COCA) Ǥ octopuses 128octopi 36󸽤줿OANC (Open American National Corpus) Ǥ octopuses 4octopi 2Ǥ롥 OANC γƷ֤1㤺Ĥ octopi θѤλŦȤʸ̮ǸƤ롥ä COCA Ǥߤ¤ꡤǶϤʤ˻ȤƤ褦
Ϣʸǡ20Ⱦʸˡ伭ӤƥƥͳԵ§ʣ̻Ū˵§Ƥ椯Ĵ٤Ȥ뤬20Ⱦˤ octopi ϳ̵ǤϤʤޤΩʤ¸ߤäʸˡǤ Jespersen ˸ڤä餤Ǥ롥⤷20ȾʤκǶλ octopi λѤƤȤȤͤ롥-s ؤε§ʤǡԵ§ʣ minor trend Ȥ褹ή줬ƤΤ⤷ʤ

Hotta, Ryuichi. "Thesauri or Thesauruses? A Diachronic Distribution of Plural Forms for Latin-Derived Nouns Ending in -us." Journal of the Faculty of Letters: Language, Literature and Culture 106 (2010): 117--36.
Jespersen, Otto. A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles. Part 2. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Heidelberg: C. Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, 1922.

Referrer (Inside): [2011-01-11-1]

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2010-09-18 Sat

#509. Dracula ˸ whilst (2) [corpus][lob][brown][bnc][oanc][coca][lmode][conjunction]

ε[2010-09-17-1]³ԡDracula ˸ƱΩɽ³3۷ while, whilst, whiles ٤20ȾʹߤαѼˤ٤٤뤳Ȥˤäơ60?110ǯ餤δ֤˵äѲΰüָѤѥϰʲ̤ꡥ

(1) Dracula ( Gutenberg ǥƥ ): 1897ǯꥹѸ졥
(2) LOB Corpus ( see also [2010-06-29-1] ): 1961ǯꥹѸ졥
(3) BNC ( The British National Corpus ): late twentieth centuryꥹѸ졥
(4) Brown Corpus ( see also [2010-06-29-1] ): 1961ǯꥫѸ졥
(5) OANC (Open American National Corpus): 1990ǯʹߡꥫѸ졥
(6) Corpus of Contemporary American English (BYU-COCA): 1990--2010ǯꥫѸ졥

ƥѥˤ³ȤƤ while, whilst, whiles ٿ3Դ֤Ψϰʲ̤ꡥ

 whilewhilstwhiles
(1) Dracula14 (12.61%)95 (85.59%)2 (1.80%)
(2) LOB517 (88.68%)66 (11.32%)0 (0.00%)
(3) BNC48,761 (89.41%)5,773 (10.59%)0 (0.00%)
(4) Brown592 (100.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)
(5) OANC7,893 (100.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)
(6) COCA246,207 (99.82%)447 (0.18%)0 (0.00%)


Dracula whilst Ψ۾˹⤤ϤƱΥꥹѸʸħʤΤɽįȡ20Ⱦ˥ꥹѸ whilst 㸺ƱȾʹߤ10%٤ǰꤷɤ롥ꥫѸǤ20ȾǤ whilst Ϥ̵ۤˤʤʤwhiles ˻äƤϡؿȯüǤä Dracula Ǥ2Τߡ¾ȤƤ1㤢äˤǡȤϤɤõƤ⸫Ĥʤä⡤ Dracula 2ȤΤϤ¤ζѸäͰ Van Helsing θȯƤΤǡƱ奤ꥹѸǤɤ spontaneous form Ǥäʬʤ
ĴϤȤηŪĴǤϤʤζ̤ȤʸΤռƤʤӤδֳ֤Ϥޤǽʥѥ˰¸ˤʤѼǤӤȤΤפĤǤ롥̣䤤ޤ줿ΤǡĴ򤷤Ƥߤ

Dracula Ʊ¾ΥꥹʸǤϳư۷٤ϤɤʤΤ
20Ⱦ whilst 㸺褦˸ΤʤΤȤ餽طʤ˲Τ
ꥫѸΤŤʳǤ whilst Ϥä٤⤫äȹͤƤ褤Τ
whiles Ϥĺޤ̤˸줿Τ뤤Ϥ⤽̤˸֤ǤϤʤäΤ
the while the whilst ʤɤʣˤĤƤ٤ϤɤäΤ

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2010-08-22 Sun

#482. oxes νи [plural][coca][bnc][ame]

Ѹ˻ĤοʤԵ§ʣ1Ĥ ox ͺפʣ oxen 롥ɸѼǤϡűѸμѲ̾ľܤͳ褹ͣʣǤ롥ȤǶᥢꥫѸ oxes ϤƤ롥ѤȤƤǤϤʤإ˥缭ŵ٤ˤ ox θ2ȤƼΤ褦ˤꡤθǤʣˤ oxes ⤢ꤦȤ

2 Τ褦(϶), 󤰤ꤷ, Τޤο // a dumb ox ((ά))(ΤǤ)Τ.


OED ˤȤŪʰ̣16餢롥ߤǤϥꥫѸǤ ox ϤθʳˤϤޤѤʤ褦ǤϤȤȤǡBritish National Corpus (BYU-BNC) Corpus of Contemporary American English (BYU-COCA) Ĵ٤Ƥߤ
BNC Ǥ oxes 2ҥåȤ뤬 ox Ե§ʣ̾ȶǶƤȤʸ̮ oxes ѤȤƾҲ𤷤ƤʤΤǡ¾奼ȹͤƤ褤
COCA ǤϴͿ㤬6㤢ääդ˥塼ѸǡŪʸ̮ˤƻȤƤꡤgore ֡ʳѤǡͤɤĤפȤưоݤȤѤƤ롥㤨СʲΤȤǤ롥

Now our oxes are being gored more directly, not with malice, but out of some perverse ego game.


The establishment, we are sometimes -- you knows, in some cases, convenient oxes to gore. But I think there's no question they represent an important political constituency in the country.


gore (one's) ox Ȥǥϡ¯ "to goad or intentionally try to piss someone off" ͤäĤƤ롤餻򤹤פȤ̣ɽꥫѸͭΤ褦Ǥ롥 ox ϥǥΰȤѤƤꡤäˡ֤ΤפȤ̣ǤϤʤʥǥΰ̣ˤĤƤ 򻲾ȡΥǥʣ oxes Ǥʤ oxen ѤƤ㤬4㤢뤳Ȥ顤ɽŪʣ oxes νи˲̤Ƥ򵿤ȤǤ뤫⤷ʤ
ϡưʪȤƤǤʤԥ塼ޥʣȤƤ mouses 䡤ФȤƤǤʤƥʤʣ antennas ʤɡŪȯỴ̈˵§Ūʣ -s ղäΤ븽ݤgore (one's) ox ox ϸΡͺפΥ᡼󤶤äƤꡤ줬 oxes Ȥ֤뤳ȤǽˤƤΤǤϤʤΤȤͺפΰ̣ʣȤ oxes ƤȤڵϡʸѰʳˤϡˤʤ褦

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