hellogѸ˥֥     ChangeLog ǿ     ƥǿ     ڡ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ڡ / page 18 (19)

latin - hellogѸ˥֥

ǽ: 2026-07-15 01:27

2011-05-17 Tue

#750. number ξάɽʤ no. ˤʤ뤫 [phonetics][doublet][sobokunagimon][latin][abbreviation][epenthesis]

[2011-05-06-1]εglide, prosthesis, epenthesis, paragogeפ錄겻 (glide) ޤ1ĤȤƿ줿 number ȡξάɽ no., No., no, No ˤĤơ̾ number ϥƥ numerus ͳ褷ե󥹸 no(u)mbre ͳ1300ǯޤǤ˱Ѹ˼ѤƤư number ۤƱ˱ѸäƤƤ롥ʻˤƤ⡤錄겻 /b/ ϥե󥹸ʳǵäƤ
ƥ numerus åʷ numerō "in number" ΰ̣ѤƤξάɽ no., No. 17ȾФ˱ѸäƤȯϱѸ˴Ťޤ /ˈnʌmbə/ Ǥ롥ʣ Nos., nos. ֤ꡤɽǤ "#" Ѥʤε number signhash (sign) ȸƤФ뤬ԤϳʻҾͤɽ魯 hatch(ing) Ϣۤˤָ̱츻ȸˡե󥹸Ǥ noɥĸǤ Nr. ֤롥
Ĥޤ긽Ѹ number no. ϸ츻Ūˤϸ̩˴ȾάδطǤϤʤȤȤˤʤ롥षƥ numerus ˵ˤ ( doublet ) ȸƤ֤٤
ʤ錄겻 /b/ Ƥʤ׷֤ϡƥ numerus ȤDZѸˤ¿ѤƤ롥

denumerable, enumerate, enumeration, innumerable, numerable, numeral, numeration, numerator, numerical, supernumerary

Referrer (Inside): [2021-04-18-1] [2019-05-22-1]

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2011-04-16 Sat

#719. plagiarism [etymology][suffix][latin][loan_word][semantic_change]

򺣡ضθǤϡȤDzݤݡȤʤɤˤߤबȤʤäƤ롥켭ŵ٤ˤȡȤϡ¾ͤʸϡʡʤɤѤʬΤΤȤȯɽ뤳ȡפȤ롥ڤ˥־ξ򥳥ԡ뤳ȤǤ褦ˤʤꡤߵ郎㤯ʤäƤΤƱˡԤʤԤκΰռ㤯ʤäƤ롥פϡ᤯Ȥספϡ֤äפΰդǡ٤ο蘆ǤȤ館Ƥʤ褦ࡤפ̣ñ plagiarism θ츻ҤȤȡȺȤƤνŤߤ򤹤뤳ȤǤ롥
plagiarismplagiary ϡ17˥ƥ줫ѸäƤǤ롥ƥ plagiārius ͶȡפؤѸǤ⡤plagiary Ѥƴ֤ʤ17ˤϤθݤƤθ塤ѤȤʤäƥ plagiārius ͶȡפΤȤˤʤäƤΤϡplaga ּѤ֡櫡פǤ롥櫤館뤳ȤߤǤꡤͶǤä̤ȡĸ *plek- ԤפȤ캬ؤɤ夯θ캬ϡִפȤꡤ-ple ( ex. simple, triple, multiple ), -plex ( ex. complex ), -plicate ( ex. duplicate, implicate ) ʤɤŪȯã
Τ褦ˡplagiarism ϡԤע֡ע櫡עͶעפȤճʰ̣ϢˤȯãƤˤäǤ롥ͶªʤСκνŤʬٶ Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce The Devil's Dictionary (1911) ˤȡư plagiarize ϼΤ褦Ƥ롥"To take the thought or style of another writer whom one has never, never read." ˡޤ

Referrer (Inside): [2011-04-17-1]

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2011-04-15 Fri

#718. ѸζѥѸѼ [stress][romancisation][prosody][french][latin][loan_word][diatone][gsr][rsr]

Ѹζѥε§ϡ§Ȥ "left-prominent and morphologically governed" Ǥꡤ Germanic Stress Rule (GSR) ȸƤФ롥ϡ[2009-10-26-1], [2009-10-31-1]ǥޥħ1ĤȤָ촴1˶פ[2009-11-13-1]εǸ褦ˡѸʹߡե󥹡ƥѸ줬̤ˤ⤿餵褦ˤʤꡤѸαΧ "right to left and phonologically governed" §Ȥ Romance Stress Rule (RSR) ääʹߤαѸ챤Χˤϡȿ2Ĥζ§ߤ˴ĤˤǤ롥ơϸߤˤޤ³Ƥ롥
Halle and Keyser βŪʸʹߡѸƳ줿 RSR ѸαΧѳפ⤿餷Ȥ롤嵭Τ褦ʸͭϤȤʤäƤ뤬Minkova ˤСѸǤ RSR θ̤ϲɾƤ뤭餤ȤषGSR Ϥɾ٤ǤȤոΤ褦˹ͤ뺬ϤĤ롥Minkova (169--73) εޤȤ褦

(1) RSR GSR ɬȿΤǤϤʤ㤨С3Ǥϸ̤ɽŪ˰פ㤬롥máidenhòod (by GSR) and víolènt (by RSR) ʤɡ
(2) Ƭ˶֤ʤ൬§ GSR ϡФХޥ󥹼ƬˤŬѤ졤äưѸǤ̤Ǥ롥Ѹ confirm, deduct, displease, enlist, expose ʤɤζ֤򻲾ȡʤ̾ƻǤ϶1˰ܹԤ̾ưפˤĤƤϡ[2009-11-01-1], [2009-11-02-1]򻲾ȡ
(3) ѸŪᤤ˱Ѹäե󥹼ѸϡƱƤꡤGSR ˤäƶ1˰ܹԤƤ
(4) ѸǤ RSR GSR ζˤե󥹼Ѹ줬ͤ˶֤ɤ򼨤Τ褦ˤ뤳Ȥ롥򼨤ŵŪȤƵ󤲤ΤϡChaucer λ "In dívers art and in divérse figures" (FrT 1486) Ǥ롥ܤĴ٤ȸˤäɤ٤ϰۤʤ뤷Χΰ֡ʲ֤ˤ뤫ݤ) ȶɤʬۤĴȡ¿ɤ줬Χ˵ΤǤ뤳Ȥ狼롥ºݤäդǤϡŦƤ빭ϤɤϤʤäȹͤ졤GSR ŬѤˤꤹǤ1˶ƤѸ¿ä

RSR ƳˤѸ챤Χưɤϸۤ˲ŪʤΤǤϤʤäȤRSR Ȥϰۤʤ׿Ūʶѥ⤿餷ȤϳΤǤ롥ä˸ʳ׿Ūѥϡ3ᤫʤѸǿβ˶륱Ǥ롥ʲθϡʤȤѤ줿2˶Ƥcalendar, sinister, memento, placebo. ޤ3äǽ᤬ü2ˤʤäƤ⶯ΰ֤Ѥ餺2ޤޤθ⾯ʤʤädivers(e), legend(e), maner(e), honour(e), montayn(e), natur(e), tempest(e), sentenc(e), solemn(e). θϡαѸ챤Χ餹Ȱۼʶѥ˽äƤꡤRSR ѸαΧ˰ξ׷⤿餷ȤϳΤǤ롥
Minkova ϡѸʳǤΤȤƽ GSR ޤŪǤꡤRSR ˲ŪʱƶϤƤʤȼĥ롥Ѹ챤Χ礭ưɤäȤС̤Υƥ ([2010-08-18-1], [2009-08-19-1]) Ф Renaissance ʹߤΤȤ

. . . in spite of the influx of 10,000 Romance loanwords, words of Germanic origin continued to constitute the bulk of the core vocabulary of Middle English, accounting for seventy-five to ninety-five per cent of the wordstock, depending on register. It was only during the Renaissance that the balance began to shift in favour of non-Germanic patterns, bringing about the co-existence of two typologically different systems of stress in modern English. (172--73)


ưɤ顤ߤˤޤ³κޤ줿Ҥ̾ư⤽Ʊ֤Ǥζ֤κۤ⤽Ǥ롥ʲϸԤˤĤƤ Minkova θڡ

Seen in the larger context of prosodic typology, however, the accentuation of derived Romance words introduced a major new paradigm of stress-shifting in English. For the first time in the history of the language words derived from the same root started to exhibit disparate prosodic contours: móral--morálitèe, párish--paríshonèr, sólemn--solémpnitè, vólume--volúminòus. (173)


Halle, M. and S. J. Keyser. English Stress: Its Form, Its Growth, and Its Role in Verse. New York: Harper and Row, 1971.
Minkova, Donka. "The Forms of Speech" A Companion to Medieval English Literature and Culture: c.1350--c.1500. Ed. Peter Brown. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2007. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. 159--75.

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2011-03-23 Wed

#695. 캬 fer [etymology][loan_word][latin][grimms_law][morphology][cognate][word_family]

fer Ȥ캬ˤĤƥ֥Ǽ䤬äferȤ캬ϰpor()bher(ɤ)ͳ褹ȤΤȤʤΤǤ2ĤΡfer٤ϤɤΤ褦˰ۤʤΤǤ礦
DZѸθ캬ȤƸڤƤ fer ϡºݤˤ2ब̤롥1Ĥϥƥ󡦥ե󥹸ͳʤ깭ޥ󥹷ϡˤΤΡ⤦1ĤϱѸͳʤ깭ޥϡˤΤΡ2ĤϤޤä̤ΤȤƹͤɬפ롥
ޤԤ顥fer 캬˴ޤϥե󥹸ͳǤϤäƤ⸶§ȤƥƥͳȹͤƤ褯οϤӤرѸ츻ŵ (413--19) ڡ륯θ츻ŵ򻲾ȤƤޤȤȡޤƤä64줬󤬤ä

afferent, circumference, circumferential, confer, conference, defer, deference, deferential, deferment, differ, difference, different, differential, differentially, differentiate, differently, efferent, fertile, fertility, fertilization, fertilize, fertilizer, indifference, indifferency, indifferent, indifferently, infer, inferable, inference, inferential, infertile, infertility, insufferable, insufferably, interfere, interference, interferon, offer, offering, prefer, preferable, preferably, preference, preferential, preferentially, preferment, proffer, refer, referee, reference, referendary, referendum, referent, referential, suffer, sufferable, sufferance, suffering, transfer, transferable, transferee, transference, transferor, vociferous


Ѹäˤ췲¸ߤΤϡŪ˥ƥѤ¿äȤˡ캬Ǥƥ fer ư ferre ˤֱ֡פȤŪʰ̣ôäƤȤ礭ƥ ferre ϰĸ *bher- ֱ֡פؤȺƷ롥*bh ϥƥǤ໤ /f/ ؤѲޥǤˡ§ ( Grimm's Law ) ˤä /b/ ؤѲ ([2009-08-07-1], [2009-08-08-1]) бűѸ beran ϡֱ֡פΰ̣򤤤ޤǻ˻ĤƤѸ bear Ǥϡֱ֡פθֻࡤʼ¤˷֡פθ濴ȤʤäƤꡤԤθ٤ϤĤƤۤɹ⤯ʤ
bear ȥƥѸ offer ʤɤδط޼ȰʲΤ褦ˤʤ롥

Etymological Relationship between offer and bear

ˡƥ캬ȤƤ fer Ȥ̤ˡ褯Ѹ fVr V 첻ˡʥޥĸθ캬ȤƤ *fura Τ褦ʸ첻ķ֤ƷƤꡤɸѸǤ캬 fer ȤΤڤФϤʤΤǡfer Ѹθ캬ȸƤ֤ΤŬڤǤϤʤˤθ캬򵯸ˤĸȤƤ before, far, first, for, forth, from ʤɤ󤲤롥ޥ /f/ ϥˡ§դˤɤäƤ椯ȰĸǤ *p ǤꡤλҲݻƤƥб pro per ȤȤˤʤ롥Ƭȼäƥ¿Ѹ˼ѤƤ ( ex. produce, profess; perform, persuade )
ޤȤȡfer ȴϢդ캬ˤ2ढꡤζ̤ϥޥȥޥ󥹸졤ȼѸ졤ˡ§ŬѤŬѤȤäΩ˴ŤƤ롥Ѹθäϡ餿Ƥ䤳

ʡ ԡرѸ츻ŵ١ܿ޽饤֡1992ǯ

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2011-02-09 Wed

#653. Ѹˤե󥹼ѸȥƥѸζ [etymological_respelling][history_of_french][french][latin][loan_word][etymology]

ѸΥե󥹸ѤˤĤƤϡܥ֥Ǥ[2009-08-22-1]εϤȤ͡ʷǿƤƱѸΥƥѤˤĤƤ[2009-08-25-1]εǰäˡѸäξ줫μѸΨ⤤Ȥϡ[2010-06-30-1], [2009-11-14-1], [2009-08-15-1]ˤե󥹸ȥƥμѤϱѸˤǤϤ褯ꤢȥԥåǤꡤѸοˤʤˡ֥ե󥹡ƥѸפȤƹ碌ƿ뤳Ȥ¿Τ˥ե󥹸ȥƥϥޥ󥹸췲ΤʤǿƻҴطˤɤǤϤ뤬̡θȤƶ̤ĤϤǤ롥ˤ⤫餺碌ư뤳Ȥ¿ΤϤʤ
1ĤˤϡͽۤȤꡤѸǤϡե󥹸Ϥޤƥ줫̤ƵפʤäȤȤ롥Τ˼βѲˤäƥե󥹸ϥƥ줫̤褦ˤʤäƤξη֤Ϥޤ˻̤äƤ뤳Ȥ¿äˡ󥰥ɤƱͤˡե󥹤Ǥϥե󥹸¤ǥƥ񤭸դȤѤƤΤǡξη֤ʤޤƤʬκѤˤäΤǤ롥ѸǤѸѸˤƥƥ츻ֻ֤ ( see etymological_respelling ) Ʊե󥹤Ǥ᤯13Ⱦ鸽Ƥ¸Υե󥹸ƥ˶ŤؾѲΤǤ롥οϡΥե󥹸Ǥʤ̩ʥƥǤʤȾüʸȤʤꡤ줫ʬहΤϺǤꡤ̵̣Ǥ⤢ȤȤˤʤʥХpp. 72--73ˡ
ۡॺȥå (pp. 78--80) 򻲹ͤˡե󥹸ȥƥκѤξ򳵴ѤƤ륤ȸƤФ줿륤9 (Louis IX; 1214--70) ϡ1260ǯˡΧٲפ˾ФƤפμϾڸʸФ뤳ȤĤˤˤꡤˤͤȤƤοŪˡΧȤƬƤ뤳ȤˤʤäˡΧȤϤ줾񵭤ۤäƤꡤν񵭤 basoche ȸƤФȿե󥹸ֻ礭ʱƶڤܤĤȤʤäʾϥե󥹸ǽ񤫤줿ˡϤ󤶤ʥƥǽ񤫤Ƥꡤˡ⳦2DzäƤξϡե󥽥1 (Francis I; 1494--1547) ˡǤΥƥѤ졦ȥ ( Villers-Cotterêts ) ѻߤ1539ǯޤ³Τ褦ʻطʤǡ񵭤ϤʤˤΥƥζܤȤˤĤƤɬפä櫓ζܤȤ礷ΤǤϤʤե󥹸ȥƥֻѤΤäե󥹸 dit ־ҤΡΡפƥ dict ֤줿ꡤdoit ֻءפƥ digitus αƶ doigt ֤줿ꤷ
ǡ14ˤϥ5 (1338--80) γطݾˤƥ줬Ť󤸤줿ºݡ14--15ˤ錄ե󥹸μѸȾʾ夬ƥ줫ΤΤȤ롥˲äơ¸Υե󥹸ñƥη˶Ť etymological respelling ⾯ʤ餺ädelitier delecter ʤɤȤǤ ( see [2010-02-04-1] )
ʾ夬Ѹ̤˱Ѹή Latin, Latinised French, and French loanwords ̡˰ΤǤϤʤ֥ե󥹡ƥѸפȤư勞˰ΤǤͳƥ˴Ť etymological respelling ϱѸǤʤե󥹸ǤⵯäƤȡԤǤϥƥȤʤޤƤ뤬椨θκѤ礤ǤȤդɬפ롥

ݡ롦Х ס رѸθá١ҡʸ˥ӡ1976ǯ
U. T. ۡॺA. H. å إե󥹸ˡ١罤ۡ1974ǯ

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2010-11-24 Wed

#576. inkhorn term ȱѸ켭 [emode][loan_word][latin][inkhorn_term][lexicography][cawdrey][lexicology][popular_passage]

[2010-08-18-1]εǡ֥ס inkhorn term ˤˤĤƿ줿16ͥ󥹤ǮˤĤ줿ؼԤϡꥷƥ줫̤˸äѸؼѤʳŪѸ줬¿Ѥ®٤⤢ޤ˵ޤäᡤθݼŪʳؼԤ inkhorn terms 餵褦ˤʤäɽŪȽȤ1ͤ Thomas Wilson (1528?--81) Ǥ롥 The Arte of Rhetorique (1553) ǼΤ褦˼ĥƤ롥

Among all other lessons this should first be learned, that wee never affect any straunge ynkehorne termes, but to speake as is commonly received: neither seeking to be over fine nor yet living over-carelesse, using our speeche as most men doe, and ordering our wittes as the fewest have done. Some seeke so far for outlandish English, that they forget altogether their mothers language.


Wilson 񤷤 "ynkehorne termes" ȤƤϼΤ褦ʸ礬롥ex. revolting, ingent affabilitie, ingenious capacity, magnifical dexteritie, dominicall superioritie, splendidiousΥƥ줫֤βϡ[2010-02-13-1]εǿ줿15 aureate diction ˡפγǤȤ
inkhorn controversy 16̤³ʪȤƱѸ˾塤פʤΤޤ뤳ȤˤʤäѸ켭Ǥ롥inkhorn terms ȡɬŪ켭񤬵褦ˤʤäRobert Cawdrey (1580--1604) ϡ1604ǯ3000ϿʿפݤȤ A Table Alphabeticall Ǥɽβơ줳³1Ѽ ( monolingual dictionary ) ʤѱѼäΤǤ롥ߡEFL ؽԤʿפγƼѱѼˤäˤʤäƤ뤬طʤˤ16 inkhorn terms inkhorn controversy ƤΤǤ롥
A Table Alphabeticall ˤĤƤϡBritish Museum βͭѤǤ롥

Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2003.
McArthur, Tom, ed. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford: OUP, 1992.

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2010-10-31 Sun

#552. combining form [morphology][compound][latin][greek][word_formation][combining_form][terminology][morpheme][connective]

Ѹʣηݤ˼갷񤷤פη ( morpheme ) 롥 combining form ϢפȸƤФƤΤǡCarstairs-McCarthy ˤȼΤ褦Ť롥

bound morpheme, more root-like than affix-like, usually of Greek or Latin origin, that occurs only in compounds, usually with other combining forms. Examples are poly- and -gamy in polygamy. (142)


ʣ combining form ʤʣϲʳѸʤɤѸ줬ŪǤ롥󤲤Ф꤬ʤex. anthropology, sociology, cardiogram, electrocardiogram, retrograde, retrospect, plantigrade
combining form äʤΤϡĤװˤ롥

(1) ̾« ( bound morpheme ) ܼȤƵǽͳ ( free morpheme ) ϸ캬ȤƵǽ롥combining form Ϲ«ǤǤʤ캬Ū˵ǽΤʬ尷ˤ
(2) ŪʻܻؤˤȤäơŵͳ褹ȤäŪ˿줶ʤǡcombining form ΰ֤Ť񤷤
(3) 㤨 anthropology anthrop- -logy combining form ʤ뤬֤ˤϤޤäƤϢ첻 -o- Τˤɤ°ȤϤ񤷤
(4) ̾ʣ̾Ǥ1Ǥ˶֤뤬combining form ޤʣ̾Ǥɬ⤽Ȥϸ¤ʤanthropology ǤϡϢ첻 -o ˶롥¾ monogamy, philosophy, aristocracy Ʊ͡

嵭 combining form νħָѸηˤͤޤ줿 Greco-Latin Ѥ޺פȸƤӤѸ줬ƥ졤ꥷ졤ƥե󥹸줫̤μѸƤƤˤˤĤƤϤΥ֥Ǥ⤤ʷǿƤϢΩäȤƤ [2010-08-18-1], [2010-05-24-1], [2009-11-14-1], [2009-08-25-1], [2009-08-19-1] դ򻲾Ȥ줿

Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew. An Introduction to English Morphology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2002.

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2010-09-20 Mon

#511. Myrmecophaga tridactyla [scientific_name][latin][greek][morphology][combining_form][lexical_stratification]

椬Ȥζ輫ưʪϡ̵ˤ⤫餺ä褦ưʪ餷Ƥ롥ڥ󥮥󡤥ꥢåѥƺǯ6ˤϥꥯΥ˥ⷯưʪफñۤƤ褦 ˥!!ˡꥯܤǤưʪ򤢤碌Ƥ15ƬȤʤưʪǡŪˤǤΤ줬Ȥ

Giant Anteater Giant Anteater Info

ˤȤꥪꥯϱѸǤ giant anteater̾ Myrmecophaga tridactyla Ǥ롥̾ ( scientific name ) ưʪˤĤ줿̤̾ǡƥηֵ§ˤʤä̾դ뤳ȤˤʤäƤ롥֥ꥯפ giant eater ϸ줴Ȥ¯̾ ( common name ) Ǥꡤܤξˤ̾ȤƤФ롥̾Ѥ촴ƥΤΤ¿ƥϥꥷ줫̤˸äѤƤΤǡ̤ȤƳ̾ˤϥꥷθ촴ޤޤƤ뤳Ȥ¿Myrmecophaga tridactyla ⤹٤ƥꥷθ촴ʤ̾Ǥ롥
[2010-05-19-1]εDZѸäλع¤ˤѸäϤޤˤä (1) Ѹ졤(2) ե󥹸졦ƥ졤(3) ꥷ3 ( trisociation ) ʤƤ롥̣ǤäƤͳˤäʣθ줬Ѹ¸ߤΤϤΤǤ롥(1) (3) ˸äƥ٥뤬⤯ʤꡤ줷ˤʤäƤ롥[2010-05-19-1]3ظ ( triset ) Ȥơֵ¡פ󤲤Ѹ antƥѸ formic-ꥷѸ myrmec- Ǥ롥
°̾ Myrmecophaga ֥ꥯ°פ myrmec(o) ֵ¡פ phag(a) ֿ٤פϢˤꡤ⥮ꥷ쵯Ǥ롥Ʊͤˡ̾ tridactyla ⥮ꥷ쵯ǡ3ܻءפΰդǤ tri- 3 + dactyl(a) ֻءסˡ¯̾ anteater ٤Ƴ̾ Myrmecophaga tridactyla η줷äƤ
myrmec, phag(a), tri, dactyl ʤɡñȤǤϸʤʤ1ȤŪѤǡʼȤƼѷǡˤϢ ( combining form ) ȸƤФ졤ѸηǤϰ񤷤ǤǤ롥

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2010-08-18 Wed

#478. ѸΤ褦˼ڤƤϼΤƤ줿ƥ [emode][loan_word][latin][inkhorn_term][ranaissance][lexicology]

[2009-08-19-1],[2009-11-05-1]ʤɤǿ줿褦ˡѸˤϤΤǥƥñ줬Ѹ˼Ѥ줿ѸΥե󥹸ѤۤɤǤ롥[2009-06-12-1]Ǽ褦ˡ16Ǥ7000ۤɤѤ줿ȤޤطʤˤϰʲΤ褦ʻ𤬤ä
16ȾѸΥե󥹸ΤӤ졤ĤĤäѸˤȤäƤ礭ǺߤϡܳŪˤäƼνʬʸä礤ƤȤäǹͤ줿ǤΨΤ褤ˡϡľܥƥ줫äѤ뤳Ȥäˡͥ󥹤Τ⤿餷ۤʳءŵˤꡤꥷƥȤäŵͳ褹̵Ѹ줬ɬפȤ졤ѸήȤ⤢ä16Ⱦοǯۤɤû֤ˡ̤Υƥñ줬Ѹ˼ޤ줿֥ס inkhorn term ˤ餵ۤɤʳŪʼѸ¿λäƥñȾʬϸˤޤäƤʤȸ롥
ˤޤǻĤäΤϡܸäȤޤǤϸʤʸϤǤŪ褯ߤ뼡Τ褦ñ줬󤲤ʰʲBrinton and Arnovick, pp. 357--58 ˡ

confidence, dedicate, describe, discretion, education, encyclopedia, exaggerate, expect, industrial, maturity


ޤǤ˻ĤʤäΤϡʲΤ褦ñǤ롥ʤ桹ˤߤΤʤñФʤΤǡƥٶƤʤ¤̣¬ΤϺ

adjuvate "aid", deruncinate "weed", devulgate "set forth", eximious "excellent", fatigate "make tired", flantado "flaunting", homogalact "foster-brother", illecebrous "delicate", pistated "baked", suppeditate "supply"


ɤθ줬Ĥɤθ줬ΤƤ줿ΤˤĤƤϡͳ餷ͳϤʤȤäƤ褤˼Ƥ졤Ѵ줿ȹͤΤѸ˴Ƥ봶ФǤϡeducation expect ʤɤθ줬ʤäؤʤȻפǡflantado illecebrous ʤɤɬפΤʤ˻פ롥ˤäƤϤޤäդξƤǽԻ׵ĤǤ롥ѸθäˤζˤäƤ⤿餵줿ΤȤȤ褯ʬ

Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick. The English Language: A Linguistic History. Oxford: OUP, 2006.

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2010-07-30 Fri

#459. ԰ʻҲ /h/ (2) [spelling_pronunciation][h][loan_word][latin][french]

[2009-11-27-1]˼ꤢ³ԡѸ <h> ֻɽ魯Ҳ [h] ˤޤĤ뺮ϡλҲñ˲Ū԰Ǥ뤫ФǤϤʤ<h> ޤեñѸ줬Ѥݤ˰礤ƤȤˤ롥ΤȤ򤹤ˤϡäŵƥޤ̤ʤФʤʤ
ŵƥǤ <h> ֻ /h/ ȤȯƤ구§ŪäȤŵˤʤ /h/ æϤޤäȤֻ <h> ǸꤷƤΤֻȯΥ줬ФΥ줿֤Υޥ󥹽ˤ⤽ΤޤäΥե󥹸㳰ǤϤʤ<h> ֤ñǤ /h/ Ϸ褷ȯʤäơѸѸˤΤ褦ʥե󥹸줫̤ <h> ޤѤ뤳ȤȤʤäΤǤ롥
ΤȤѸ <h> ֤Τ̵Ȥн褹Τ3ĤˡѤ ( Scragg, p. 41 )

(1) ȯʤΤ֤ɬפʤȤȤ <h> ȤƼ줿able, ability, arbour ʤɤ뤬Ͼʤʥե󥹸 habile, habiletéƥ herbarium ӡ
(2) 줿ե󥹸̤˽äĤޤꡤ<h> ֤뤬ȯʤȤżheir, honest, honour, hour ʤɡ(1) 㤬¿an historical study an hotel Τ褦⻲͡
(3) ֤꤬Τȯ褦Ȥ spelling-pronunciation ȯۤ <h> /h/ ȤɤळȤˤhorrible, hospital, host ʤ¿ <h> ޤѸ줬Υѥ

Ѹϸ§Ȥ (3) ˡ켫ΤϹŪǤꡤֻȯδطäꤹ롥Ѹ spelling-pronunciation ˤǤϡ<h> /h/ ۤɤ˰ӤƵä spelling-pronunciation ϤʤΤǤϤʤޤ spelling-pronunciation ζȤäƤ褤100%ӤƤ櫓ǤϤʤθǤϤ뤬 (1) (2) ŬѤƤޤäȤǡºʬ̴ۤƤޤä(2) ξθˤäơѸƥե󥹸ΰ仺뤳ȤˤʤäƤޤκϸѸˤ³ƤΤǤ롥
ϢȤơ֥ǥ󥹡פε[2010-04-22-1]⻲ȡ

Scragg, D. G. A History of English Spelling. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1974.

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2010-05-25 Tue

#393. Venus ˾θ [etymology][latin][loan_word][rhotacism]

õ֤Ĥפ2010ǯ521ʶˤܻ֤θ658ʬ˼Ǥ夲줿Ҷ泫ȯ JAXA ǤĤߥΩ夲Ƥ롥夯ΤϺǯ12ȤȤǡĹιäϤޤäȤǤ롥
Venus Ϥ¸޿äΥʥʤ뤤ϥ̥ˤΤȤǡաֱࡦ˭νǤ롥˥ꥷäΰν Aphrodite Ʊ뤵줿αѸ̾ˤϥ޿äο̾ƤƤꡤVenus ϶бƤ롥ƥ Venus θϡŪʰפǤʥΥ᡼ξħǤ뤬˵̤Ȱĸ *wen- ˾פ˹Ԥ夯θ캬ȸϡѸ wish ȿǤƤ롥
ƥǤϡ s ޤˤ벻ĶѲˤ r ȸؤ㤬ˤ˵롥첻˶ޤ줿 /s/ /z/ ͳ /r/ ؤѲ rhotacism ( see [2009-06-03-1] ) ϥƥ˸¤餺Ѹޤᥲޥˤ⹭äƤ롥ѸˤϤκפȯŪˤȿǤƤʤΤΡƥξˤ϶ޤη˶ŪޤƤ롥㤨 Venus ζޤϰʲ̤Ǥ롥

Latin Declension of Venus

ɽ顤Venus Vener- Ȥظ촴ĤȤʬºݤˡVenus ȸ츻Ū˴Ϣ¿θ줬 r äƤ롥Ѹ˼Ѥ줿 Venus δϢ󤲤Ƥߤ褦

venerable º֤٤, venerate ºɤ, venereal ¤Ρ, venery ֹꡤġ, venial ֡ʺ᤬˽Ťʤڤ cf. venison Ľä


ɰ˾ߡȤạ̈ΤĤʤ꤬
Venusian ֶΡ͡פȤ줬뤬ľܤ˥ƥθͳ褹ΤǤϤʤȤ s ݻ餫Ǥ롥Venus + -ian ȤǡѸ¦μäƤĤ褦ʸǤ롥ƤꡤOED Ǥν1874ǯSFǡˤä
˴ؤƤϼȤDZѸ5ʬͥȤǼꤢΤǡɤ

Referrer (Inside): [2022-03-16-1] [2010-05-26-1]

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2010-05-24 Mon

#392. antidisestablishmentarianism ˤߤѸΥޥ󥹸첽 [word_formation][loan_word][french][latin][greek][neo-latin][lexicology][romancisation]

ε[2010-05-23-1]Ǽꤢ antidisestablishmentarianism ȤѸˤλߤȡѸΥޥ󥹸첽ǤȤɽŪʥ٥ǤϤʤε§ȤŪʥ٥ˤޤߤǤȤյ
̤˱Ѹ줬ޥ󥹸첽ȤȤˤϡѸΥեñ̼ѤȯȤǰƬˤΤǤϤʤΤ˸űѸ䤽ΦˤѸϥƥܤƤΤǡޥ󥹸ؤδ¿ϤäȤ뤬ܳŪʥޥ󥹸첽ΰΤѸΥե󥹸Ȥܿ¾ʤʤե󥹸줬ϤΥޥ󥹸첽Ȥ˾뤫Τ褦ˡνѸ˥ƥñ줬̤˱ѸήˡΥե󥹸ȥƥήˤϡ¤ϥꥷǤⱣ¿ޤޤƤꡤѸ鸽ߤޤǤ¿ΥꥷǤѸض뤵줿ѸαѸäΥޥ󥹸첽Τˤ Greco-Latin ϡ[2010-05-16-1]εǤҤ٤̤ꡤThe Great Vocabulary Shift ȤǤ̾դʤ뤯餤˱ѸγѤѤ
ʩ塦ñ˸ǤѸ˶뤷ǤϤʤѸĹܿȱƶˤꡤƥ䥮ꥷθ§§ȾХͥƥ֤Ǥ뤫Τ褦˳ƤޤäΤǤ롥ߡƤʳѸѸ˼ȤѤƤŪ꥽ Neo-Latin ȸƤФ뤬ϥƥ䥮ꥷηǤƥ䥮ꥷηֵ§ˤΤäȤäȤߤȤäƤ褤ɸ antidisestablishmentarianism Greco-Latin ǤȤȤ߹碌§ˤΤäȤäŵŪ Neo-Latin θǤ뤬եñƥñȤƤǤϤʤޤDZñȤ¤줵줿ݥȤǤ롥ѸΥޥ󥹸첽ϡäΤߤɽŪʸݤȸʤ뤳Ȥ뤬Ѹˤ礭׸ƤǡäѶŪɾƤ⤤ΤǤϤʤ
ե󥹸줬ȤʤѸ줬ޥ󥹸첽ƤаޤȰյˤĤƤϡGachelin ɾ̯Ǥ롥

French acted as the Trojan horse of Latinity in English, the sluice gate through which Latin was able to pour into English on a scale without any equivalent in any Germanic language. The process of 'classicization' which had originated in Greece was to spread from Latin to Romance languages, and via French to English. (9--10)



Gachelin, Jean-Marc. "Is English a Romance Language?" English Today 23 (July 1990): 8--14.

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2010-05-19 Wed

#387. trisociation triset [lexicology][latin][greek][lexical_stratification]

[2010-03-27-1]εDZѸäλع¤Ҳ𤷤εǤϡfoe, enemy, adversary ʤɤλȤ󤲡줾 (1) Ѹ졤(2) ե󥹼Ѹ졤(3) ƥ󡦥ꥷѸؤʤƤ뤳Ȥ򼨤Ѹä˸뤳ðۤʻع¤ɽѸ줬ʤʤȻפäƤMcArthur trisociation ȸƤǤΤߤĤλȤΤȤ triset ȸƤǤ롥
McArthur trisociation ϡ(1) Ѹ졤(2) ե󥹸졦ƥ졤(3) ꥷȤ褦̤Ƥ褦ǡҤ foe ̤Ȥϰۤʤ롥ºݤˤϻؤΤؤʬƹͤƤΤ餳Τ褦ʥꥨ⤢ꤦ뤬Ȥñ̤ǤϤʤǤȤñ̤ǹͤˤ McArthur ̤ΤۤޤMcArthur 󤲤Ƥ triset ƷǤʼ줬 b-, n-, s- ǻϤޤ triset ˡ

triset of morphemestriset of words
ant, formic-, myrmec-ant-eater, formicarium, myrmecology
bad, mal-, caco-badly, malign, cacophony
be, ess-, ont-being, essence, ontology
belly, ventr-, gastr-potbellied, ventral, gastritis
best, optim-, aristo-bestseller, optimal, aristocrat
big, magn-, mega(lo)-bigheaded, magnitude, megalomania
bird, avi-, ornith-bird-watcher, aviary, ornithology
birth, nasc-/nat-, gen-/gon-birthday, nascent/native, genesis/cosmogony
black, nigr-, melan-blacken, denigrate, melanin/melancholy
blood, sanguin-, (h)aem(at)-/(h)em(at)-bloody, sanguinary, an(a)emic
body, corp(or)-, som(at)-bodily, corporeal/incorporate, psychosomatic
bone, oss(e)-, osteo-rawboned, osseous, osteopath
book, libr-, biblio-bookish, library, bibliography
breast, mamm-, mast-doublebreasted, mammography, mastitis
earth, terr-, ge-earthquake, terrestrial, geography
fire, ign-, pyr-fire-fighter, igneous, pyromania
naked, nud(e)-, gymn-nakedness, nudity, gymnosophist
name, nomin-, onom-/onym-namely, nominate, onomastic/synonym
new, nov-, neo-newness, innovate, neologism
night, noct-, nyct-nightly, nocturnal, nyctalopia
nose, nas-, rhin-nosiness, nasal, rhinitis
salt, sal-, (h)al-salty, salinity, halophyte
say, dict-, phas-/phat-saying, dictum, emphasis
sea, mar-, thalass-seascape, marine, thalassocracy
see, vid-/vis-, scop-all-seeing, evident/vision, telescope
self, ips-, aut(o)-unselfish, solipsism, autistic
shape, form-, morph-shapely, formal, metamorphosis
sharp, ac(u)-, oxy-sharpen, acute, oxygen
skin, cut(i)-, derm(at)-skinny, subcutaneous, dermatitis
sound, son-, phon-soundless, sonic, telephone
speak, loqu-/loc(ut)-, log-unspeakable, eloquent, dialog(ue)
stand, sta(t)-, stas-/stat-outstanding, stable, stasis/statis
star, stell-, aster-starry, stellar, asteroid
stone, lapid-, lith-stony, lapidary, megalithic
sun, sol, heli(o)-sunny, solar, heliograph


ƥ /s/ ȥꥷ /h/ бˤĤƤϡ[2010-04-14-1]ǰäΤǤ򻲾ȡ

McArthur, Tom. "English in Tiers." English Today 23 (July 1990): 15--20.

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2010-05-02 Sun

#370. Ѹϥƥ̻ܻ [latin][french][family_tree]

ε[2010-05-01-1]ǡַפȡֱƶפν̤ˤĤֱѸϥƥ줫ޤ줿פȤԤϤäƤ򤯤˲⤷ΤξδطŪΤɽȤΥꥢڡѡӽФϤǺѤ

Ѹȥɥĸΰ㤤ޤ˱󤯡ġƥȤϤäȤäȱ󤤤Ȥ褯ʬޤˤ⤫餺ƥαƶ礭Ȥ򸫤ȡѸϥƥ̻ܻҡȤäȤʤΤǤ礦


̻ܻҤȤϼ¤ˤ褯äΤǤ롥ƥˤϥե󥹸̼ˤե󥹸ˤϡڥ졤ꥢ졤ݥȥʤɤλ夬롥Υե󥹸ϱ濫äƳθˤѸȤȷФ뤳ȤˤʤäƥȤΤۤҲŪϰ̤⤫äˡѸ̻ܻҤȤƥƥȤ˷ޤ줿ѸϺäˤޥȤη줬ήƤΤΡƥȤǤĹǯˤꡤɬŪΩ￶񤤤ʤ˻ƤΤä
ȡʥȡ꡼ϤɤǤ礦

Referrer (Inside): [2010-05-03-1]

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2010-04-18 Sun

#356. ưʪɽƥƻ [adjective][suffix][latin][loan_word][etymology][animal]

[2010-03-24-1], [2010-03-25-1]εǡưʪȤɽ̾θˤĤˤϤ¿ʤȤϢưʪ̾ȤηƻθˤĤƼꤢ롥
ưʪ̾줫餽ƻˤϡĤˡ롥ǤŪʤΤ -like ȤƤĤˡǡ¾塤ɤưʪ̾ˤŬѤǤ ( ex. doglike, squirrel-like )ޤǤ -like ˤϵڤФʤ -ish -y ղäŪ褯 ( ex. apish, sheepish; lousy, snaky )夲Τ -ine Ȥޤƥͳ褹ưʪƻǤ롥ưʪ̾¿ϱѸǤꡤƥͳ -ine ƻȤΥڥߤȡߤ˷Ū˴ϢŤ뤳Ȥʤ񤷤Ĥ󤲤롥

NOUNADJECTIVE
bearursine
bulltaurine
catfeline
cowbovine
crowcorvine
deercervine
dogcanine
foxvulpine
horseequine
pigporcine
waspvespine
wolflupine


츫ȸĤˤѸƥ⹭̣Ǥϰ²֤Ǥ뤫顤cow / bovinecrow / corvine, wasp / vespine ʤɤϵŪˤƱǤ롥
ưʪ̾줬ѸǤʤˤϡ -ine ƻȤηŪʺϤʤ뤤ϤäȤƤϾǤ롥ʲǤϡeagle / aquiline դ꤬դפ뤯餤

NOUNADJECTIVE
assasinine
eagleaquiline
elephantelephantine
falconfalconine
giraffegiraffine
gorillagorilline
hy(a)enahy(a)enine
lionleonine
pantherpantherine
serpentserpentine
viperviperine
vulturevulturine
zebrazebrine


-ine ƻϳؽŪʶͭ뤿ᡤʤܤˤ뵡ϾʤΤ褦ʸ¤줿ʬǤϡ褯Ǥ롥

Malkiel, Yakov. "Why Ap-ish but Worm-y?" Studies in Descriptive and Historical Linguistics: Festschrift for Winfred P. Lehmann. Ed. Paul J. Hopper. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1977. 341--64. esp. Page 342.

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2010-04-14 Wed

#352. ƥ /s/ ȥꥷ /h/ б [etymology][indo-european][latin][greek][loan_word][phonetics]

ܥ֥ɼԤ顤L semi- G hemi- бˤĤƼʼ䡤꤬Ȥޤˡ/h/ /s/ ѤΤϤʤˡ§ȴطƤΤȤ䤤Ǥ롥
ε[2010-04-12-1]ǤϡǰƬ super- hyper- sub- hypo- 󤲤ơƥ /s/ ꥷ /h/ б뤳Ȥ򼨤ƥ⥮ꥷѸθä¿ʹ׸򤷤ƤƤꡤ̤Ȥξΰ仺ѸΤʤ˶¸ߤƤȤ롥ϡĸ줫βѲ˿Ĥġƥ /s/ ȥꥷ /h/ бˤĤơѸää濴˵󤲤ĤĤ⤦ܤҤ٤롥
Szemerényi (51) ˤȡĸdzοäƺƷ໤Ǥ */s/ ΤߤǤ롥ꥷǤϡĸ */s/ ĺȸˤƤݤ줿Ƭޤ᤿ʳδĶǤϵ /h/ Ȥʤäƥޤ᤿¾θɤǤϹ /s/ ݤ줿̤Ȥơƥ /s/ ȥꥷ /h/ б㤬¸ߤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥ʲˡѸθäˤߤƥ /s/ ȥꥷ /h/ б򤤤Ĥֻʬбսˡ

from Latinfrom Greek
semiconductor ȾƳΡhemisphere Ⱦ
September 9heptarchy ּ
sextet ϻաhexagon ϻѷ
similar ƱͤΡhomosexual ƱΡ
solar ۤΡheliotrope ֡ܡ˥إꥪȥס
somnolent ̲Ͷhypnosis ֺ̲
supermarket ֥ѡޡåȡhypermarket ֥ϥѡޡåȡ
supposition ֲhypothesis ֲ


September ϡȤȡ7ܤηפΰաΤĤ줿cf. November, October, December.
supposition ˤĤƤϡƬ sup- sub- ΰ۷֡Τ L -position G -thesis Ϥ줾θǡ֤פΰա
ȤǡѸ켫Τ²ΰǤꡤĸ */s/ ݤ줿פʤΤǡ嵭Υƥ䥮ꥷβǤбѸβǤ /s/ ȤƳǧ㤬롥seven, six, same, sun ʤɡ
ơǽL semi- G hemi- δطˤĤơ/h/ /s/ ѤäפɽΤʤĸ */s/ Ǥ /h/ ѲǤ /s/ Ȥݤ줿ȤбطȤ򤹤٤Ǥ롥
ޤIE */s/ > G /h/ εϥˡ§Ȥ̵طǤ롥ˡ§ ( see grimms_law ) ϡޥɤ¾ɤȶ̤벻ѲǤꡤƥȥꥷбطˤƤ뺣Τ褦ʥˤ̵طǤ롥ޤˡ§ϡĺ˵äηѲǤꡤΤ褦 /s/, /h/ ໤ѲȤϤϤ̵طǤ롥

Szemerényi, Oswald J. L. Introduction to Indo-European Linguistics. Oxford: OUP, 1996. Trans. of Einführung in die vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft. 4th ed. 1990.

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2010-04-12 Mon

#350. hypermarket supermarket [etymology][indo-european][latin][greek][french][loan_translation][lexical_stratification]

˽ǤȤζ᤯˥ѡޡå Olympic äʤʤޤǤ쥫·ΤǡȤäƤ⤤ۤɤ˾ѤƤΤᡤž路 Olympic Ѥ뵡񤬤ʤʤäˤ⤫餺ŹήƤ Olympic Υơ޶ʤǤƬ뤳Ȥ롥餯ǤѤäƤʤ

ڤ뤤ŹǤʪ˭٤ʤŹǤ
򤷤¤ФǡĤ⸭㤤ʪ
ʤߤʪǤ·
O L Y M P I Cʥ磻ԡ
ϥѡޡåȡԥå


Olympic supermarket ʤ hypermarket ʤΤǤ롥hypermarket դμǤơǤϸ츻ͤƤߤsupermarket ɤǻǡ super- + market ιǡѸˤ1933ǯФǤ롥hypermarket hyper- + market ιǡ1970ǯդ˥ե󥹸 hypermarché ( loan translation ) ƱѸ˼ΤǤ롥ե󥹸 hypermarché Τϡsupermarché "supermarket" ˤʤä¤Ǥ롥
ե󥹸ǤѸǤ⡤ܸʥʡˤǤ⡤hypermarket supermarket εʲǤǤȹͤƤ롥hyper- Τۤ super- ̤ǤȤФƬϤȤˡ־Ρ̤Ρ٤ΡפɽǶ̤뤬⤽ΤϤĸΰĤθ캬 *(s)uper ˤΤܤ롥ΰ캬ƥǤ super- ȤꡤꥷǤϺǽλҲ hyper- Ȥʤäabove, over, up ʤɤŪˤϤθ캬ȴϢ롥
ơ츻̤ǤȤ hyper- Τۤ super- ̤ǤȤФˤϺ򤬤ʤȤˤʤ뤬ŪˤϤФȤƤ롥ˤɤΰ̣ʬϼΤȤǤꡤξ⤿ޤ hyper- super- Τ٤κޤ줿Τ뤳ȤϤǤ褦hyper- super- ̤ǤꡤεդǤϤʤȤˤϡʾκ򤬤ΤǤϤʤ[2010-03-27-1]εǸ褦ˡѸäˤϡ绨Ĥˤäƥƥ졤ե󥹸졤Ѹλع¤ǧ롥κǾ̤˰֤Τƥ¤ϤξĶǾ̤Ȥ٤ꥷ줬¸ߤΤǤ롥ŪˡѸ줬ʸŪˤ̤Υե󥹸ƥ줫¿θäѤƤΤƱ褦ˡƥʸŪˤ̤Υꥷ줫¿θäѤƤꥷϥƥˤȤäƹߤˤʤΤǤ롥Τ褦ʸʸŪطʤäޤޤˡߡѸǥꥷ hypermarket ȥƥ supermarket ̤ƤΤǤϤʤ
ʤߤˡֲ̤ΡפɽƬϥƥ sub-ꥷ hypo- Ǥ롥Ǥ /s/ ( Latin ) /h/ ( Greek ) б뤳Ȥա

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2010-03-27 Sat

#334. Ѹäλع¤ [lexicology][french][latin][register][thesaurus][loan_word][lexical_stratification]

ǰɽΤİʾθ줬¸ߤȤϤɤθǤʤΤˡʡƱפȤΤ¸ߤ뤳ȤơפȤȤǤС¿θ¸ߤ롥ȤϤΤΡѸ˭٤ϡ¿θ٤Ƥä٤ۤɤǤ롥ΤȤ켭ŵ ( thesaurus ) 򳫤ƤߤСǤ롥
Ѹˤδ˭٤СϱѸ줬¿θܿƤ¤˵롥ۤʤä줫б򾯤İۤʤä˥奢󥹤Ǽ졤äΤʤѤƤäˡ̤ȤƱѸ ( thesaurus ) ȤʤäΤǤ롥
츻̤ˤդ뤤ʬƤߤȡˡءפ뤳Ȥ狼롥㤨СŵŪΥѥȤơֻع¤פȤǤƤ֤٤Τ롥ؤ졤ؤե󥹸졤ؤƥ󡦥ꥷȤѥǤ롥

nativeFrenchLatin/Greek
askquestioninterrogate
bookvolumetext
fairbeautifulattractive
fastfirmsecure
foeenemyadversary
helpaidassistance
kinglyroyalregal
risemountascend


ؤʸ̤֥٥뤬㤤פƱˡȤߤȲפ롥ΥޥϤθäǤ뤫顤ζβΤ褦ʤΤΤԻ׵ĤǤϤʤ
ؤ¿ʤȤ⸢Ҥȶܤ򴶤뤬̱Ϥʤۤɥ٥뤬⤤ΤǤϤʤŪˤ󥰥ɤθѸ줬ե󥹸äȤб뤬Ѹ˼Ѥ줿ե󥹸äΤʤˤ̤ʸҤ򴶤ʬ˽̱ȤäƤ褤¿ ( ex. face, finish, marriage, people, story, use )
ؤˤϡȽθ졤ʤҤθ褦ʸ줿ƥʤ뤤ϥꥷˤƤ롥ζȤƤϸʤǶ꤬¿Τ̤Ǥ롥
Τ褦ˡäλع¤Ū˰ޤƤѸǤϡش֤λȤʬˤʤ롥ä̯ʰ̣κŬڤ Ѱ ( register ) θˤ᤬οǤ롥㤨äǤϲؤؤθäդ路ؽʸǤؤؤθäȤʤɬפ롥ڤ˿ҤͤΤ "May I interrogate you?" ̯
Τ褦ʸäγؤˤĤƤϡɽ󤷤Ƥ붶αѸˤ5ϤȤǤ롥

رѸ١ؽDz2005ǯ.

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2010-02-21 Sun

#300. explain ˤʤ <i> Τ (2) [etymology][spelling][loan_word][latin][french][etymological_respelling][sobokunagimon]

ε[2010-02-20-1]³ȤơѸäΤʤǥƥѸȥե󥹼Ѹ줬ɤΤ褦ʰּǶ¸Ƥ뤫ͤƤߤ
餫ˤ̤ꡤexplain <i> ϡӥե󥹸첽ƱѸäƤƤ plain ֻˤ롥ľܥƥ줫Ρ explane ե󥹸ˡ줿 explain ˶ȤǤ롥βΤ⤷ϡѸˤǤ褯夲 etymological respelling ȿФδطˤ뤳ȤǤ ( see etymological_respelling )
ŵŪˤϡetymological respelling ϡ˥ե󥹸첽DZѸäƤֻ˽Ѹ˳ؼԤˤäơץƥηؽ줿Ȥؤ㤨Сƥ perfectum ˤΤܤ perfect ϡѸ˥ե󥹸첽 parfit ηDZѸäƤѸ˥ƥֻ˴Ť perfect ؤѹ줿ե󥹸ˡ줿׷ƥΡΡ׷줿ȤǤ뤫顤 explain ȤϹоȤʤ
explain <i> ֻ˸ꤵƤΤϤѸǤ뤫顤λˤϾ夫ζʥƥˤȲʥե󥹸ˤξƯƤȤȤƥ줫֤γؼԤƳˤϥƥ˴Ť etymological respelling ꡤ⤦̱Ūʥ٥ѤΤǤ folk respelling ȤǤ⤤٤ݤäȤȤäȤ⡤ä˸ԤϡѸ˸¤餺ĤǤⵯݤǤϤ롥
plain ʿʡפ˴ϢưĤ⤷¤դä褦θϡƥ plānus ե󥹸첽ֻ14˱Ѹꡤߤˤޤ³Ƥ롥ؤѸȤƤΡʿ̤ΡפȤˤĤƤϡѸˡƥ򻲾Ȥֻ plane ô褦ˤʤäؼŪʤˤΤˤϳؼŪ򤷤ֻդ路ȤȤʿʡʿפʡפȤ줳ʿפʸϡʿ̱ˤդ路줿ֻ礤äȤȤ
explain <i> ꤫Ϥޤäơ⤷ȯ꼡

Referrer (Inside): [2015-01-26-1]

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2010-02-20 Sat

#299. explain ˤʤ <i> Τ [etymology][spelling][loan_word][latin][french][analogy][sobokunagimon]

νյ٤ߤ˥˥塼ɤ˸αΥ߳顤᡼ǼΤ褦ʼ䤬ä󶡤򤢤꤬Ȥˡ

Ȥ̾줫ưؤʻѤ򤷤Ȥˡexplanation explain ȤΤФƤޤɤ "i" ȤʸФƤΤΰ㤤ϲʤΤȼ䤷Ȥͥƥ֤ǤʬʤȤֻ֤äƤޤǤ


ΤԻ׵ĤǤ롥̾줬 explanation ǤСбư *explanate Ȥ *explane ǤäۤǤϤʤȹͤʤ롥㤨Сprofanation ¡פФ profanate profane ¤פǡǤ롥
®츻Ĵ٤Ƥߤ¨¤˸Ĥäplain ʿפʡפֻ ( analogy ) Ȥexplain ϥƥ explānāre ˤΤܤ롥 ex- + plānāre ʬ򤵤졤촴ʬ plānus ʿʡפ̤ΤǡȤ plain Ȥϸ츻ŪʤĤʤ꤬롥̣Ūˤϡʿ餫ˤעʿ˼עפȤϢǧ롥Ѹˤ1425ǯ˥ƥ줫ä
plain ֻפȤްդΤϡȤȤ explain ǤϤʤ explane ʤɤֻԤƤȤȤǤ롥OED Ĵ٤ȡºݤ1516ˤ explane Ȥֻǧ롥ߤֻ17ʹߤˤ褽ΩΤǤ롥
ǰĵ䤬롥explain <i> ΥǥȤʤä plain ƥ plānus ͳ褹ΤǤʤСplain Τ <i> ϲͳ褹Τƥ plānus Ϥʤ *plane ȤƱѸäƤʤäΤε򤯸ϡѷϩΰ㤤Ǥ롥explain ʤ explane ľܥƥ줫ѸäΤФplain ϥƥ줫ե󥹸ͳƱѸäΤǤ롥ե󥹸ͳʳǡ plānus plain ؤ졤Υե󥹸첽ֻѸäȤˤʤ롥plain αѸؤμѤ13ᤤΤǡѻΰ㤤ѷϩΰ㤤ˤȿǤƤΤȹͤ롥ȤƤϡƥ vānus ե󥹸ͳ vain Ȥ㤬󤲤褦⡤᤯12˱ѸäƤ
ޤȤȼΤ褦ˤʤ롥explain <i> ϡplain <i> Ǥ롥ơplain <i> ʤˤ뤫ȤСθ츻Ǥƥ plānus ե󥹸첽ֻDZѸäƤǤ롥̤ȤơѸ plain explain ξˤƥե󥹸ѤȤˤʤ롥

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